CN116026921A - Intelligent grouting sleeve system with built-in annular ultrasonic sensor array - Google Patents
Intelligent grouting sleeve system with built-in annular ultrasonic sensor array Download PDFInfo
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- CN116026921A CN116026921A CN202211730659.3A CN202211730659A CN116026921A CN 116026921 A CN116026921 A CN 116026921A CN 202211730659 A CN202211730659 A CN 202211730659A CN 116026921 A CN116026921 A CN 116026921A
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Abstract
The invention provides an intelligent grouting sleeve system with a built-in annular ultrasonic sensor array, which belongs to the technical field of grouting sleeves and comprises an internal sensing unit, an excitation display unit, a calculation unit and a signal transmission unit. The intelligent grouting sleeve device based on ultrasonic detection has the characteristics of being green, efficient, safe, low in cost and long in service life, is not limited by time surrounding environment, improves the traditional ultrasonic nondestructive detection mode, has more accurate detection capability and stronger adaptability to environmental changes, can excite different types of ultrasonic signals by an ultrasonic excitation and oscilloscope system, can perform richer data comparison with a result obtained by a calculation unit, and has different resolutions for detecting different materials, material shapes, detection environments and the like so as to realize analysis diversity.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of grouting sleeves, in particular to an intelligent grouting sleeve system with a built-in annular ultrasonic sensor array.
Background
For a grouting sleeve for connecting precast concrete members, various defects are inevitably generated inside the sleeve in field grouting, and detection and evaluation of the defects of the grouting sleeve are problems to be solved urgently, so that the stability and safety of an assembled building node and even a whole building are directly affected. In the field construction of the assembled building, many types of defects such as concentrated defects, dispersion defects, oblique side defects and the like can be generated in the sleeve by using high-strength grouting materials which are not shrunk during grouting, grouting backflow, air leakage and the like. When the defect rate reaches more than 20%, the defects can seriously weaken the mechanical property of the grouting sleeve, and the bearing capacity of a building node is reduced, so that the detection and evaluation of the damage degree of the defects in the sleeve are very necessary, especially the building is subjected to fire, earthquake and a certain service life, wherein the grouting material becomes brittle and the steel sleeve is softened at high temperature, and tiny cracks are generated in the grouting material after the earthquake and the certain service life, and if the grouting material is not replaced in time, the use of the building is seriously influenced, and even a great potential safety hazard is generated. However, the existing detection and evaluation methods have problems such as X-ray detection, eddy current detection, CT three-dimensional scanning and the like, for example, the complex equipment for the X-ray detection operation is expensive, more importantly, the generated radiation residues have adverse effects on human bodies and subsequent use, eddy current detection can only act on conductive metal materials, the internal defects in grouting sleeves and concrete cannot be measured through eddy current technology, the precision and detection accuracy of CT three-dimensional scanning can be ensured, but the equipment cost and professional operation are expensive, more importantly, the on-site rapid detection cannot be realized, and the applicability of the method is greatly weakened. Although each of the above methods has advantages, it is not possible to realize on-site rapid quantification of sleeve defects and evaluation of sleeve conditions.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an intelligent grouting sleeve system with a built-in annular ultrasonic sensor array, which solves the technical problems of rapid identification and evaluation of various defects inside the existing grouting sleeve.
The invention aims to develop an intelligent grouting sleeve based on exceeding sound wave detection, and the intelligent grouting sleeve is endowed with intelligence by combining a sensor technology with the existing sleeve to realize the self-perception capability of the sleeve. The intelligent sleeve formed can effectively replace other uneconomical and impractical detection methods on the basis of not increasing the cost, solves the defects of various shapes and types possibly generated at different positions in the sleeve, finally achieves the aim of evaluating whether the defects have great influence on the mechanical properties of the connecting piece, and realizes the on-site rapid, efficient and accurate state judgment.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the intelligent grouting sleeve system with the built-in annular ultrasonic sensor array comprises an internal sensing unit, an excitation display unit, a calculation unit and a signal transmission unit, wherein the excitation display unit is connected with the internal sensing unit through the signal transmission unit, the calculation unit is connected with the excitation display unit, the internal sensing unit is used for sensing signals of an internal structure in real time and transmitting the signals to the excitation display unit through the signal transmission unit for display, and finally transmitting the signals to the calculation unit for calculation.
The grouting sleeve inside sensing unit comprises a bottom beam, a shear wall and a grouting sleeve, wherein the grouting sleeve is arranged inside the shear wall, a mortar sealing joint is arranged at the joint of the bottom beam and the shear wall, and the grouting sleeve is connected with the bottom beam.
The grouting sleeve signal transmission unit consists of a shunt, an ultrasonic signal transmission line and a universal port, wherein the universal port can be matched with the ultrasonic signal transmission line.
Further, the computing unit is composed of a computer host and a display, the computer host can run an intelligent algorithm to compute ultrasonic data, the intelligent algorithm is to automatically extract ultrasonic related data, ultrasonic filtering is performed to compute arrival time, head wave energy and entropy data, the arrival time of the ultrasonic is computed to be extracted by adopting a threshold method circulation, the head wave energy is obtained by computing the area of a received signal head wave envelope graph, the entropy computation is to obtain a numerical value based on a shannon entropy probability density statistical method to represent the entropy value of the signal, and the time, the head wave energy and the entropy data are compared with complete and defect-free sleeve data to obtain a result.
Further, the excitation display unit is composed of an arbitrary waveform exciter and an ultrasonic oscilloscope respectively, wherein the arbitrary waveform generator is provided with interfaces excited by high-frequency and low-frequency signals, and the excitation display unit detects the required excitation frequency.
Further, the grouting sleeve comprises a sleeve shell, a grouting opening and a sensor array, wherein the sleeve shell is internally provided with a hollow structure, the grouting opening is arranged on the side edge of the sleeve shell, and the sensor array is attached to the outer side of the sleeve shell.
Further, the sensor array comprises four groups of sensors, each group of sensors consists of four piezoelectric ceramic wafer sensors, the first group of sensors are responsible for detecting concentrated defects of a horizontal pipe wall, the second group of sensors are responsible for detecting oblique horizontal defects, the first group of sensors and the second group of sensors all adopt linear ultrasonic waves, the third group of sensors and the fourth group of sensors are responsible for adopting nonlinear ultrasonic waves to detect, and the nonlinear ultrasonic wave resolution is high relative to the linear ultrasonic waves.
Further, the linear ultrasonic detection process is as follows: the first group of sensors comprises an exciter and a receiver, the exciter and the receiver are piezoelectric ceramic sensors, the exciter excites a piezoelectric wafer through high-frequency pulses to convert electric energy into sound energy, finally ultrasonic waves pass through a sleeve and internal defects to enable amplitude and phase of ultrasonic signals to change, the amplitude and phase change is reacted through excited and received ultrasonic wave waveforms, material defects are detected through measuring wave attenuation and wave speed or resonance frequency, peak frequencies of the piezoelectric ceramic sensors used by the exciter and the receiver in linear ultrasonic detection are required to be the same, arrival time, first wave energy ratio and information entropy of signals are calculated through a compiled intelligent algorithm, ultrasonic detection paths of two paths are arranged on one cross section, one path passes through the defects, the other path does not pass through the defects, and the two paths are arranged through intelligent algorithm data comparison to effectively evaluate the internal defects.
Further, the nonlinear ultrasonic detection process is as follows: the ultrasonic signal excitation process is the same as that of linear ultrasonic, two paths of detection are also arranged, except that the peak frequencies of two sensors used by nonlinear ultrasonic must be in a double relation, nonlinear ultrasonic is very sensitive to microscopic defects of sub-wavelength, wherein the second harmonic generation method is one of nonlinear ultrasonic detection, the second harmonic is generated based on nonlinear elasticity related second harmonic frequency components of materials, nonlinear elasticity is caused by the non-uniformity of the microstructure, the non-uniformity of the materials can be quantified through an acoustic nonlinear parameter beta, and the parameters are calculated by using fundamental waves and second harmonic amplitudes:
acoustic nonlinearity parameters of the second harmonic to characterize nonlinearity:
wherein A1 is the fundamental voltage amplitude; a2 is the second harmonic voltage amplitude, x is the propagation distance, and k is the wave number.
Further, a polyethylene glue layer is arranged on the outer side of the sensor array, the polyethylene glue layer is wrapped on the outer sides of the sensor array and the sleeve shell, the sensor array comprises a plurality of groups of defect detection sensors, each group of defect detection sensors are arranged at intervals, each group of defect detection sensors comprises an exciter and a receiver, and the exciter and the receiver are oppositely arranged;
the grouting opening comprises a grouting inlet and a grouting outlet, the grouting inlet and the grouting outlet are respectively arranged at two ends of the sleeve shell and are arranged on the same side, the two ends of the sleeve shell are provided with connecting threaded openings, and the inside of the sleeve shell is provided with a central reinforcing steel bar.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the intelligent grouting sleeve device based on ultrasonic detection has the characteristics of being green, efficient, safe, low in cost and long in service life, is not limited by time surrounding environment, improves the traditional ultrasonic nondestructive detection mode, has more accurate detection capability, has stronger adaptability to environmental changes, can excite different types of ultrasonic signals by an ultrasonic excitation and oscilloscope system, can perform richer data comparison with a result obtained by a computing unit, has different resolutions for detecting different materials, material shapes, detection environments and the like, and is used in actual engineering, so that the monitoring effect is achieved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a system architecture of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a transverse cross-sectional view of the sleeve of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a horizontal bubble plan view of the sleeve of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a section view of FIG. 3 taken along line 3-3;
FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the sleeve of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a nonlinear ultrasonic test in accordance with the present invention.
In the drawing, an A-internal sensing unit, a B-excitation display unit, a C-calculation unit, a D-signal transmission unit, a 1-sleeve shell, a 2-grouting opening, a 3-exciter, a 4-receiver, a 5-ultrasonic signal, a 6-sensor array, a 7-polyethylene glue layer, an 8-center reinforcing steel bar, a 9-defect, a 10-connecting threaded opening, an 11-bottom beam, a 12-shear wall, a 13-transmission line reserved pipe, a 14-mortar sealing joint, a 15-waveform exciter and a 16-oscilloscope.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be further described in detail below by referring to the accompanying drawings and by illustrating preferred embodiments. It should be noted, however, that many of the details set forth in the description are merely provided to provide a thorough understanding of one or more aspects of the invention, and that these aspects of the invention may be practiced without these specific details.
As shown in fig. 1, an intelligent grouting sleeve system with a built-in annular ultrasonic sensor array comprises an internal sensing unit a, an excitation display unit B, a calculation unit C and a signal transmission unit D, wherein the excitation display unit B is connected with the internal sensing unit a through the signal transmission unit D, the calculation unit C is connected with the excitation display unit B, the internal sensing unit a is used for sensing signals of an internal structure in real time and transmitting the signals to the excitation display unit B through the signal transmission unit D for display, and finally transmitting the signals to the calculation unit C for calculation.
Based on the ultrasonic detection principle, the development of an intelligent grouting sleeve based on ultrasonic detection is provided, so that the rapid identification and evaluation of various defects inside the sleeve can be effectively realized, specifically, the defects can be evaluated by attaching a piezoelectric ceramic sensor (PZT) array outside the wall of the grouting sleeve, wrapping and sealing the sensors on the surface of the sleeve by polyethylene glue, embedding the grouting sleeve into concrete, connecting the sensors to professional ultrasonic equipment through reserved pipelines, exciting ultrasonic signals with certain frequency only by the equipment, receiving the sensors, and analyzing the values of arrival Time (TOF), energy, entropy and the like of the signals. The self-detection method is simple to operate, low in cost and green in order to detect all types of defects generated in the sleeve.
In the defect detection of the grouting sleeve, no matter the damage detection or the nondestructive detection, the ultrasonic detection is an economic and efficient mode, the defect of the grouting sleeve can be evaluated under the condition of not damaging the member, the sensor is arranged on the sleeve wall and embedded in the concrete member, the built-in sensor can be more close to a defect source, the influence of other noise is effectively reduced, the sensor can be directly connected to excitation equipment for subsequent detection, the detection cost is effectively reduced, and the economic benefit is improved. The intelligent grouting sleeve detection is an important device for self-detecting internal defects and evaluating safety of building nodes. The ultrasonic flaw detection is a nondestructive detection method for detecting internal defects of a material by utilizing the acoustic performance difference of the material and defects thereof to the energy change of ultrasonic wave propagation waveform reflection condition and penetration time, and the principle that a piezoelectric ceramic sensor converts ultrasonic signals into electric signals is used for detection. The greatest difference between the ultrasonic detection and other detection modes is that the ultrasonic detection and other detection modes can detect and evaluate internal defects efficiently and nondestructively, and the sensor arrays which are arranged on the sleeve ratio and are in spiral shapes can effectively detect various types of defects and positions of the defects, so that the detectability is improved.
In addition, other nondestructive testing modes, such as the most common X-ray testing, eddy current testing and CT three-dimensional scanning, have low efficiency and high cost. Although there is a method of embedding the sensor into the sleeve, the sensor may be damaged during grouting because of the complexity of the sleeve, and the sensor is not easy to pull out the signal transmission line, so that the method is complex to install and high in uncertainty, and is not suitable for use. Under the protection of polyethylene glue, the sensor on the sleeve surface not only can safely and effectively excite ultrasonic signals to a certain extent, but also can provide an effective coupling mode for the sensor, and the signal-to-noise ratio is improved to the greatest extent.
In the embodiment of the invention, the internal sensing unit A comprises a bottom beam 11, a shear wall 12 and a grouting sleeve, wherein the grouting sleeve is arranged in the shear wall 12, a mortar sealing joint 14 is arranged at the joint of the bottom beam 11 and the shear wall 12, and the grouting sleeve is connected with the bottom beam 11.
In the embodiment of the invention, the signal transmission unit D consists of a shunt, an ultrasonic signal transmission line and a universal port, wherein the universal port can be matched with the ultrasonic signal transmission line.
In the embodiment of the invention, the computing unit C consists of a computer host and a display, the computer host can run an intelligent algorithm to calculate ultrasonic data, the intelligent algorithm is to automatically extract ultrasonic related data, carry out ultrasonic filtering, calculate arrival time, head wave energy and entropy data, wherein the arrival time of the ultrasonic is calculated and extracted by adopting a cycle of a threshold method, the head wave energy is obtained by calculating the area of a received signal head wave envelope map, the entropy calculation is to obtain a numerical value based on a shannon entropy probability density statistical method to represent the entropy value of the signal, and the time, the head wave energy and the entropy data are compared with complete and flawless sleeve data to obtain a result.
In the embodiment of the invention, the excitation display unit B is respectively composed of an arbitrary waveform exciter and an ultrasonic oscilloscope, wherein the arbitrary waveform generator is provided with interfaces for high-frequency and low-frequency signal excitation, and detects the required excitation frequency.
In the embodiment of the invention, as shown in fig. 2-5, the grouting sleeve comprises a sleeve shell 1, a grouting opening 2 and a sensor array 6, wherein the interior of the sleeve shell 1 is of a hollow structure, the grouting opening 2 is arranged on the side edge of the sleeve shell 1, and the sensor array 6 is arranged on the outer side of the sleeve shell 1 in a bonding way. The sensor array 6 includes four sets of sensors, each set of sensors is composed of four piezoelectric ceramic wafer sensors, the first set of sensors is responsible for detecting the concentrated defect of the horizontal pipe wall, the second set of sensors is responsible for detecting the oblique horizontal defect, the first set of sensors and the second set of sensors all adopt linear ultrasonic waves, the third set of sensors and the fourth set of sensors are responsible for adopting nonlinear ultrasonic waves to detect, and the nonlinear ultrasonic wave resolution is high relative to the linear ultrasonic waves.
When the piezoelectric ceramic sensor excites the piezoelectric wafer through high-frequency voltage pulse, the piezoelectric ceramic sensor generates inverse piezoelectric effect, converts electric energy into acoustic energy (mechanical energy), the probe excites ultrasonic wave, and then the ultrasonic wave enters the test piece. The ultrasonic waves propagate in the workpiece and interact with the workpiece material and defects therein causing a change in the direction or character of propagation thereof. The altered ultrasound is received by the detection device and can be processed and analyzed. And evaluating the workpiece itself and the inside of the workpiece according to the characteristics of the received ultrasonic waves, and judging whether defects and the characteristics of the defects exist or not.
The linear ultrasonic detection process comprises the following steps: the first group of sensors comprises an exciter and a receiver, the exciter and the receiver are piezoelectric ceramic sensors, the exciter excites a piezoelectric wafer through high-frequency pulses to convert electric energy into sound energy, finally ultrasonic waves pass through a sleeve and internal defects to enable amplitude and phase of ultrasonic signals to change, the amplitude and phase change is reacted through excited and received ultrasonic wave waveforms, material defects are detected through measuring wave attenuation and wave speed or resonance frequency, peak frequencies of the piezoelectric ceramic sensors used by the exciter and the receiver in linear ultrasonic detection are required to be the same, arrival time, first wave energy ratio and information entropy of signals are calculated through a compiled intelligent algorithm, ultrasonic detection paths of two paths are arranged on one cross section, one path passes through the defects, the other path does not pass through the defects, and the two paths are arranged through intelligent algorithm data comparison to effectively evaluate the internal defects.
The nonlinear ultrasonic detection process comprises the following steps: the ultrasonic signal excitation process is the same as that of linear ultrasonic, two paths of detection are also arranged, except that the peak frequencies of two sensors used by nonlinear ultrasonic must be in a double relation, nonlinear ultrasonic is very sensitive to microscopic defects of sub-wavelength, wherein the second harmonic generation method is one of nonlinear ultrasonic detection, the second harmonic is generated based on nonlinear elasticity related second harmonic frequency components of materials, nonlinear elasticity is caused by the non-uniformity of the microstructure, the non-uniformity of the materials can be quantified through an acoustic nonlinear parameter beta, and the parameters are calculated by using fundamental waves and second harmonic amplitudes:
acoustic nonlinearity parameters of the second harmonic to characterize nonlinearity:
wherein A1 is the fundamental voltage amplitude; a2 is the second harmonic voltage amplitude, x is the propagation distance, and k is the wave number. Fig. 6 (b) shows the fundamental and second harmonics identified for the received signal spectrum obtained by the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) calculation. x is the propagation distance is constant (herein the sensor distance for different paths); k is the wave number, which is controlled by the excitation signal source and is constant for each sample.
In the embodiment of the invention, a polyethylene glue layer is arranged on the outer side of the sensor array 6, the polyethylene glue layer is wrapped on the outer sides of the sensor array 6 and the sleeve shell 1, the sensor array 6 comprises a plurality of groups of defect detection sensors, each group of defect detection sensors are arranged at intervals, each group of defect detection sensors comprises an exciter 3 and a receiver 4, and the exciter 3 and the receiver 4 are arranged oppositely.
The grouting port 2 comprises a grouting inlet and a grouting outlet which are respectively arranged at two ends of the sleeve shell 1 and on the same side, the two ends of the sleeve shell 1 are provided with connecting screw ports 10, and the inside of the sleeve shell 1 is provided with a central reinforcing steel bar 8.
The sensor consists of four groups of four piezoelectric ceramic wafer sensors, the diameter is 20mm, the thickness is 2mm, the sensor is required to be arranged outside the sleeve wall in a spiral mode and wrapped and sealed by polyethylene glue with the thickness of 3mm as shown in fig. 2 and 3, a sensor transmission line is pulled out through a reserved pipeline as shown in fig. 1, peak frequencies of 600kHz and 1.2MHz are adopted, the defect thickness is generally half of the wavelength because the wave speed of ultrasonic waves in the sleeve is approximately 4300m/s and the contained wavelength is 7.17mm, and each group of ultrasonic sensors is subjected to linear ultrasonic detection by a pair of 600kHz, one group of 600kHz and 1.2MHz of sensors are subjected to nonlinear ultrasonic detection, the problem of the defect thickness is considered, the first group is responsible for detecting the concentrated defect of the horizontal pipe wall, the second group is responsible for detecting the oblique horizontal defect, the first two groups adopt linear ultrasonic waves, the third group is responsible for adopting nonlinear ultrasonic detection, and the nonlinear ultrasonic resolution is relatively higher;
the grouting sleeve is manufactured according to the specification of the grouting sleeve for JGT398-2012 steel bar connection and the grouting application technical specification of the JGJ steel bar sleeve, concentrated defects are embedded in the bottom of the grouting sleeve, dispersed defects around the steel bars are closely attached, and inclined defects distributed in a spiral strip shape are formed, so that defects generated in the sleeve are simulated, wherein the size and the thickness of the defects are determined according to the excitation frequency of a sensor; 3. the external computing system is composed of a computer host and a display, wherein the computer host can run an intelligent algorithm to calculate ultrasonic data, the intelligent algorithm is used for automatically extracting ultrasonic related data and calculating arrival Time (TOF), head wave energy, entropy and other data by filtering the ultrasonic. The method comprises the steps of calculating the arrival time of ultrasonic waves, extracting by adopting a threshold method circulation, and calculating the area of a received signal characteristic wave envelope graph by using characteristic wave energy. The entropy calculation is based on a probability density statistical method of shannon entropy to obtain a numerical value to represent the entropy value of the signal. Comparing these data with a complete defect-free sleeve data yields results.
Introduction of working mechanism: the grouting sleeve surface stuck with four groups of 4 sensors in the diameter direction is buried in the shear wall and the column in advance, sensor lines are connected to an ultrasonic exciter and an oscilloscope through reserved pipelines, the ultrasonic waveform exciter excites ultrasonic signals of 600kHz, the ultrasonic signals are received by the sensors on the same opposite side and displayed on the oscilloscope, waveform data on the oscilloscope are exported and analyzed through an intelligent algorithm, and the arrival Time (TOF), the head wave energy, the entropy and the like of the waveform data are compared with complete and flawless sleeve data to obtain results.
In the proposed invention, the intelligent detection grouting sleeve is realized by piezoelectric ceramic sensors which are arranged on the sleeve wall and distributed spirally, and the system consists of an excitation display unit, a sensing unit, a signal transmission unit and an external analysis processing system unit; the excitation display unit is excited by the waveform exciter, and the sensing unit is received by a sensor for receiving the signals and displayed on the oscilloscope; and the external analysis processing system unit is used for collecting oscilloscope data by a computer, and the functions comprise data acquisition and calculation analysis. The intelligent detection grouting sleeve is shown in fig. 2, 4 groups of sensors are arranged on the wall surface of the sleeve, each group of sensors is provided with two sensors for exciting and receiving, and the sensor excitation and the sensor receiving are realized through each group of sensors.
The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and it should be noted that modifications and adaptations to those skilled in the art may be made without departing from the principles of the present invention, which are intended to be comprehended within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An intelligent grouting sleeve system with a built-in annular ultrasonic sensor array, which is characterized in that: the device comprises an internal sensing unit (A), an excitation display unit (B), a calculation unit (C) and a signal transmission unit (D), wherein the excitation display unit (B) is connected with the internal sensing unit (A) through the signal transmission unit (D), the calculation unit (C) is connected with the excitation display unit (B), the internal sensing unit (A) is used for sensing signals of an internal structure in real time and transmitting the signals to the excitation display unit (B) through the signal transmission unit (D) for display, and finally transmitting the signals to the calculation unit (C) for calculation.
2. An intelligent grouting sleeve system with built-in annular ultrasonic sensor array as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the internal sensing unit (A) comprises a bottom beam (11), a shear wall (12) and a grouting sleeve, wherein the grouting sleeve is arranged in the shear wall (12), a mortar sealing joint (14) is arranged at the joint of the bottom beam (11) and the shear wall (12), and the grouting sleeve is connected with the bottom beam (11).
3. An intelligent grouting sleeve system with built-in annular ultrasonic sensor array as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the signal transmission unit (D) is composed of a shunt, an ultrasonic signal transmission line and a universal port, wherein the universal port can be matched with the ultrasonic signal transmission line.
4. An intelligent grouting sleeve system with built-in annular ultrasonic sensor array as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the computing unit (C) is composed of a computer host and a display, the computer host can run an intelligent algorithm to calculate ultrasonic data, the intelligent algorithm is used for automatically extracting ultrasonic related data, ultrasonic filtering is carried out, arrival time, head wave energy and entropy data are calculated, the arrival time of the ultrasonic is calculated and extracted by adopting a cycle of a threshold method, the head wave energy is obtained by calculating the area of a received signal head wave envelope graph, the entropy calculation is used for obtaining a numerical value based on a shannon entropy probability density statistical method to represent the entropy value of the signal, and the time, the head wave energy and the entropy data are compared with complete and defect-free sleeve data to obtain a result.
5. An intelligent grouting sleeve system with built-in annular ultrasonic sensor array as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the excitation display unit (B) is respectively composed of an arbitrary waveform exciter and an ultrasonic oscilloscope, wherein the arbitrary waveform generator is provided with interfaces excited by high-frequency and low-frequency signals, and detects the required excitation frequency.
6. An intelligent grouting sleeve system with built-in annular ultrasonic sensor array as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the grouting sleeve comprises a sleeve shell (1), a grouting opening (2) and a sensor array (6), wherein the sleeve shell (1) is internally provided with a hollow structure, the grouting opening (2) is arranged on the side edge of the sleeve shell (1), and the sensor array (6) is attached to the outer side of the sleeve shell (1).
7. An intelligent grouting sleeve system with built-in annular ultrasonic sensor array as claimed in claim 6, wherein: the sensor array (6) comprises four groups of sensors, each group of sensors consists of four piezoelectric ceramic wafer sensors, the first group of sensors are responsible for detecting concentrated defects of a horizontal pipe wall, the second group of sensors are responsible for detecting oblique horizontal defects, the first group of sensors and the second group of sensors all adopt linear ultrasonic waves, the third group of sensors and the fourth group of sensors are responsible for adopting nonlinear ultrasonic waves to detect, and the nonlinear ultrasonic wave resolution is high relative to the linear ultrasonic waves.
8. An intelligent grouting sleeve system with built-in annular ultrasonic sensor array as claimed in claim 7, wherein: the linear ultrasonic detection process comprises the following steps: the first group of sensors comprises an exciter and a receiver, the exciter and the receiver are piezoelectric ceramic sensors, the exciter excites a piezoelectric wafer through high-frequency pulses to convert electric energy into sound energy, finally ultrasonic waves pass through a sleeve and internal defects to enable amplitude and phase of ultrasonic signals to change, the amplitude and phase change is reacted through excited and received ultrasonic wave waveforms, material defects are detected through measuring wave attenuation and wave speed or resonance frequency, peak frequencies of the piezoelectric ceramic sensors used by the exciter and the receiver in linear ultrasonic detection are required to be the same, arrival time, first wave energy ratio and information entropy of signals are calculated through a compiled intelligent algorithm, ultrasonic detection paths of two paths are arranged on one cross section, one path passes through the defects, the other path does not pass through the defects, and the two paths are arranged through intelligent algorithm data comparison to effectively evaluate the internal defects.
9. An intelligent grouting sleeve system with built-in annular ultrasonic sensor array as claimed in claim 8, wherein: the nonlinear ultrasonic detection process comprises the following steps: the ultrasonic signal excitation process is the same as that of linear ultrasonic, two paths of detection are also arranged, except that the peak frequencies of two sensors used by nonlinear ultrasonic must be in a double relation, nonlinear ultrasonic is very sensitive to microscopic defects of sub-wavelength, wherein the second harmonic generation method is one of nonlinear ultrasonic detection, the second harmonic is generated based on nonlinear elasticity related second harmonic frequency components of materials, nonlinear elasticity is caused by the non-uniformity of the microstructure, the non-uniformity of the materials can be quantified through an acoustic nonlinear parameter beta, and the parameters are calculated by using fundamental waves and second harmonic amplitudes:
acoustic nonlinearity parameters of the second harmonic to characterize nonlinearity:
wherein A1 is the fundamental voltage amplitude; a2 is the second harmonic voltage amplitude, x is the propagation distance, and k is the wave number.
10. An intelligent grouting sleeve system incorporating an annular ultrasonic sensor array as claimed in claim 9, wherein: the outer side of the sensor array (6) is provided with a polyethylene adhesive layer, the polyethylene adhesive layer is wrapped on the outer sides of the sensor array (6) and the sleeve shell (1), the sensor array (6) comprises a plurality of groups of defect detection sensors, each group of defect detection sensors are arranged at intervals, each group of defect detection sensors comprises an exciter (3) and a receiver (4), and the exciter (3) and the receiver (4) are arranged oppositely;
the grouting opening (2) comprises a grouting inlet and a grouting outlet, the grouting inlet and the grouting outlet are respectively arranged at two ends of the sleeve shell (1) and are arranged on the same side, the two ends of the sleeve shell (1) are provided with connecting threaded openings (10), and the inside of the sleeve shell (1) is provided with a center reinforcing steel bar (8).
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| CN202211730659.3A CN116026921A (en) | 2022-12-30 | 2022-12-30 | Intelligent grouting sleeve system with built-in annular ultrasonic sensor array |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116486021A (en) * | 2023-06-25 | 2023-07-25 | 天津医科大学总医院 | Three-dimensional model construction method and system based on CT density value and ultrasonic gray value |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116486021A (en) * | 2023-06-25 | 2023-07-25 | 天津医科大学总医院 | Three-dimensional model construction method and system based on CT density value and ultrasonic gray value |
| CN116486021B (en) * | 2023-06-25 | 2023-08-18 | 天津医科大学总医院 | Three-dimensional model construction method and system based on CT density value and ultrasonic gray value |
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