CN111004687A - Vegetable and fruit cleaning agent based on shells and preparation and use methods thereof - Google Patents
Vegetable and fruit cleaning agent based on shells and preparation and use methods thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111004687A CN111004687A CN201911233051.8A CN201911233051A CN111004687A CN 111004687 A CN111004687 A CN 111004687A CN 201911233051 A CN201911233051 A CN 201911233051A CN 111004687 A CN111004687 A CN 111004687A
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- Prior art keywords
- shell
- calcium hydroxide
- cleaning agent
- shell calcium
- fine powder
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- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 85
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 74
- 239000012459 cleaning agent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 71
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 103
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 103
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 103
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 89
- 239000001509 sodium citrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- NLJMYIDDQXHKNR-UHFFFAOYSA-K sodium citrate Chemical compound O.O.[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O NLJMYIDDQXHKNR-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 230000029087 digestion Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 241000620196 Arthrospira maxima Species 0.000 claims description 18
- 150000004676 glycans Chemical class 0.000 claims description 18
- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000012752 auxiliary agent Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 229920001661 Chitosan Polymers 0.000 claims description 15
- 125000002057 carboxymethyl group Chemical group [H]OC(=O)C([H])([H])[*] 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 15
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 14
- 239000000575 pesticide Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000000447 pesticide residue Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000005946 Cypermethrin Substances 0.000 description 8
- KAATUXNTWXVJKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N cypermethrin Chemical compound CC1(C)C(C=C(Cl)Cl)C1C(=O)OC(C#N)C1=CC=CC(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 KAATUXNTWXVJKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229960005424 cypermethrin Drugs 0.000 description 8
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000005951 Methiocarb Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010627 Phaseolus vulgaris Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 244000046052 Phaseolus vulgaris Species 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000009508 confectionery Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000012851 eutrophication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- YFBPRJGDJKVWAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N methiocarb Chemical compound CNC(=O)OC1=CC(C)=C(SC)C(C)=C1 YFBPRJGDJKVWAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000271 synthetic detergent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 2
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ISRUGXGCCGIOQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Rhoden Chemical compound CNC(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1OC(C)C ISRUGXGCCGIOQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003945 anionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001430 chromium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000012055 fruits and vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- RVPVRDXYQKGNMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead(2+) Chemical compound [Pb+2] RVPVRDXYQKGNMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010813 municipal solid waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000020477 pH reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000015170 shellfish Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D7/00—Compositions of detergents based essentially on non-surface-active compounds
- C11D7/22—Organic compounds
- C11D7/26—Organic compounds containing oxygen
- C11D7/268—Carbohydrates or derivatives thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N59/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds
- A01N59/06—Aluminium; Calcium; Magnesium; Compounds thereof
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
- B01J20/04—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising compounds of alkali metals, alkaline earth metals or magnesium
- B01J20/041—Oxides or hydroxides
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/28—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J20/28054—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their surface properties or porosity
- B01J20/28078—Pore diameter
- B01J20/2808—Pore diameter being less than 2 nm, i.e. micropores or nanopores
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/02—Anionic compounds
- C11D1/04—Carboxylic acids or salts thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/02—Inorganic compounds ; Elemental compounds
- C11D3/12—Water-insoluble compounds
- C11D3/1213—Oxides or hydroxides, e.g. Al2O3, TiO2, CaO or Ca(OH)2
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/16—Organic compounds
- C11D3/20—Organic compounds containing oxygen
- C11D3/22—Carbohydrates or derivatives thereof
- C11D3/222—Natural or synthetic polysaccharides, e.g. cellulose, starch, gum, alginic acid or cyclodextrin
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/16—Organic compounds
- C11D3/20—Organic compounds containing oxygen
- C11D3/22—Carbohydrates or derivatives thereof
- C11D3/222—Natural or synthetic polysaccharides, e.g. cellulose, starch, gum, alginic acid or cyclodextrin
- C11D3/225—Natural or synthetic polysaccharides, e.g. cellulose, starch, gum, alginic acid or cyclodextrin etherified, e.g. CMC
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D7/00—Compositions of detergents based essentially on non-surface-active compounds
- C11D7/02—Inorganic compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D7/00—Compositions of detergents based essentially on non-surface-active compounds
- C11D7/22—Organic compounds
- C11D7/26—Organic compounds containing oxygen
- C11D7/265—Carboxylic acids or salts thereof
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2220/00—Aspects relating to sorbent materials
- B01J2220/40—Aspects relating to the composition of sorbent or filter aid materials
- B01J2220/48—Sorbents characterised by the starting material used for their preparation
- B01J2220/4806—Sorbents characterised by the starting material used for their preparation the starting material being of inorganic character
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D2111/00—Cleaning compositions characterised by the objects to be cleaned; Cleaning compositions characterised by non-standard cleaning or washing processes
- C11D2111/10—Objects to be cleaned
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Emergency Medicine (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Nanotechnology (AREA)
- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Dentistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Detergent Compositions (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a shell-based vegetable and fruit cleaning agent and preparation and use methods thereof. The shell-based vegetable and fruit cleaning agent comprises shell calcium hydroxide fine powder, wherein the shell calcium hydroxide fine powder is prepared by calcining shells at high temperature and then adding water for digestion. The shell-based vegetable and fruit cleaning agent provided by the invention takes shell calcium hydroxide fine powder as a main component, and the shell calcium hydroxide has a large amount of microporous structures and strong adsorption capacity and can effectively adsorb pesticides; the solution obtained by mixing the shell calcium hydroxide fine powder and water is alkaline, so that acidic pesticides are easily eluted from the surfaces of vegetables and fruits, and bacteria on the surfaces of the vegetables and fruits are killed under the synergistic effect of the sodium citrate; the invention realizes high-value reutilization of aquatic product waste shells, changes waste into valuable, and has better pesticide residue removing effect and good economic benefit compared with similar products sold in markets (such as Japanese vegetable washing powder).
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of cleaning agents, and particularly relates to a shell-based vegetable and fruit cleaning agent and preparation and use methods thereof.
Background
Fruits and vegetables are food which is necessary for people in life, and along with the improvement of living standard of people and the enhancement of food safety consciousness, the problem of pesticide residue on the surfaces of the vegetables and the fruits arouses more and more attention of people. The current conventional vegetable and fruit cleaning method is to rinse directly with clean water or use various chemical synthetic detergents for cleaning. The pesticide remained on the surface of the vegetable and fruit can not be completely removed by direct rinsing with clear water. Chemical synthesis detergent, if the washing is not thorough, the detergent can remain on the surfaces of vegetables and fruits, so that secondary pollution is caused; and the chemically synthesized detergent causes eutrophication of the environment.
With the rapid development of shellfish culture and processing industry, a large amount of generated waste shells are not fully utilized, and are often discarded as solid wastes to be placed in a garbage dump or to be filled in the sea, so that a large amount of waste shells occupy a lot of land resources and cause environmental pollution.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a shell-based vegetable and fruit cleaning agent and a preparation and use method thereof, so as to solve the technical problems.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
according to the first aspect, the vegetable and fruit cleaning agent based on shells comprises fine shell calcium hydroxide powder, wherein the fine shell calcium hydroxide powder is prepared by calcining shells at high temperature and then adding water for digestion.
Preferably, the shell-based vegetable and fruit cleaning agent comprises the following raw materials: the shell cleaning agent comprises shell calcium hydroxide fine powder, sodium citrate and an auxiliary agent, wherein the content of the shell calcium hydroxide fine powder in the shell-based vegetable and fruit cleaning agent is 50-100%.
Preferably, the shell-based vegetable and fruit cleaning agent comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: the composite material comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 50-100% of shell calcium hydroxide fine powder, 0-50% of sodium citrate and 0-5% of an auxiliary agent.
Preferably, the shell calcium hydroxide fine powder is prepared by the following method:
cleaning and drying shells, then putting the shells into a calcining furnace to calcine the shells to obtain shell calcium oxide, carrying out digestion reaction on the obtained shell calcium oxide and water to generate a shell calcium hydroxide product, separating and selecting the obtained shell calcium hydroxide product, and then grinding the separated and selected shell calcium hydroxide product to obtain shell calcium hydroxide fine powder.
More preferably, the particle size of the shell calcium hydroxide fine powder is 1200-1500 meshes.
More preferably, the particle size of the shell calcium oxide fine powder is 150-300 meshes.
Preferably, the shell-based vegetable and fruit cleaning agent comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 85-90% of shell calcium hydroxide fine powder, 5-10% of sodium citrate and 3-5% of an auxiliary agent.
Preferably, the auxiliary agent is any one or two of spirulina maxima polysaccharide and carboxymethyl chitosan.
In a second aspect, the invention provides a preparation method of the shell-based vegetable and fruit cleaning agent, which comprises the following steps:
and uniformly mixing the shell calcium hydroxide fine powder, sodium citrate and an auxiliary agent to obtain the shell-based vegetable and fruit cleaning agent.
In a third aspect, the present invention provides a method for using the shell-based vegetable and fruit cleaning agent according to the first aspect, comprising the following steps:
uniformly mixing the shell-based vegetable and fruit cleaning agent and water according to the weight ratio of 0.5-5: 1000 to obtain a mixed solution, and soaking the vegetable and fruit in the mixed solution for 5-60 min.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the shell-based vegetable and fruit cleaning agent provided by the invention takes shell calcium hydroxide fine powder as a main component, and the shell calcium hydroxide has a large amount of microporous structures and strong adsorption capacity and can effectively adsorb pesticides; the solution obtained by mixing the shell calcium hydroxide fine powder and water is alkaline, so that the slightly acidic pesticide is easily eluted from the surfaces of the vegetables and fruits, and the bacteria on the surfaces of the vegetables and fruits can be killed; the shell calcium hydroxide fine powder adopted by the invention is prepared by digesting and selecting the shell calcium oxide fine powder, has higher purity, does not contain shell calcium oxide impurities, does not have the phenomenon of severe heating when being added into clear water, and is safer to use;
(2) the vegetable and fruit cleaning agent based on shells also contains sodium citrate, and the component belongs to an anionic surfactant, so that the solubility and the dissolving speed of some pesticides with poor water solubility in water can be effectively increased, and the efficiency of removing pesticide residues is improved;
(3) after the vegetables and fruits are cleaned, the sewage is alkaline, so that soil acidification is avoided, water environment eutrophication is avoided, the acidified soil can be repaired to a certain extent, and the environment-friendly performance of the vegetable and fruit cleaning agent is obviously superior to that of most conventional synthetic detergents.
(4) The invention realizes high-value reutilization of aquatic product waste shells, changes waste into valuable, and has better pesticide residue removing effect, good economic benefit, healthier use and more environmental protection compared with similar products (such as Japanese vegetable washing powder) sold in the current market.
Detailed Description
The following further describes the embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that the description of the embodiments is provided to help understanding of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited thereto. In addition, the technical features involved in the embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
According to the first aspect, the vegetable and fruit cleaning agent based on shells comprises fine shell calcium hydroxide powder, wherein the fine shell calcium hydroxide powder is prepared by calcining shells at high temperature and then adding water for digestion.
In this embodiment, the shell-based vegetable and fruit cleaning agent further comprises the following raw materials: the cleaning agent comprises shell calcium hydroxide fine powder, sodium citrate and an auxiliary agent, wherein the content of the shell calcium hydroxide fine powder in the shell-based vegetable and fruit cleaning agent is 50-100%.
In the embodiment, the shell-based vegetable and fruit cleaning agent comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: the composite material comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 50-100% of shell calcium hydroxide fine powder, 0-50% of sodium citrate and 0-5% of an auxiliary agent.
In the embodiment, the shell calcium hydroxide fine powder is prepared by the following method:
cleaning and drying shells, then putting the shells into a calcining furnace to calcine the shells to obtain shell calcium oxide, carrying out digestion reaction on the obtained shell calcium oxide and water to generate a shell calcium hydroxide product, separating and selecting the obtained shell calcium hydroxide product, and then grinding the separated and selected shell calcium hydroxide product to obtain shell calcium hydroxide fine powder.
Further, the shell calcium hydroxide fine powder is prepared by adopting the following method:
cleaning and drying shells, then soaking in an acid solution for 30-120 min, washing with water, drying, heating to 600-800 ℃, carrying out heat preservation and calcination for 2-4 h, then heating to 900-1100 ℃, carrying out heat preservation and calcination for 60-90 min to obtain shell calcium oxide, digesting water vapor generated by spraying and atomizing the obtained shell calcium oxide into a crude shell calcium hydroxide product, carrying out secondary digestion and separation powder selection on the crude shell calcium hydroxide product, and then grinding to obtain fine shell calcium hydroxide powder.
Further, the acid solution is any one or two of hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, phosphoric acid and sulfuric acid.
Further, the mass concentration of the acid solution is 0.1-0.2%.
Further, the particle size of the shell calcium hydroxide fine powder is 1200-1500 meshes.
In this embodiment, the shell-based vegetable and fruit cleaning agent comprises, by weight: 85-90% of shell calcium hydroxide fine powder, 5-10% of sodium citrate and 3-5% of an auxiliary agent.
In this embodiment, the auxiliary agent is either one or both of spirulina maxima polysaccharide and carboxymethyl chitosan.
Further, the auxiliary agent consists of spirulina maxima polysaccharide and carboxymethyl chitosan in a weight ratio of 1-4: 1-3.
Further, the weight ratio of the spirulina maxima polysaccharide to the carboxymethyl chitosan is 1-1.5: 1.
It should be noted that after the spirulina maxima polysaccharide and the carboxymethyl chitosan are dissolved in water, the spirulina maxima polysaccharide and the carboxymethyl chitosan form a compound and are gelatinized through the interaction of coulomb force among molecules, so that the adsorption effect of the spirulina maxima polysaccharide on heavy metals is greatly improved; meanwhile, the gelled compound is attached to the surface of the shell calcium hydroxide particles, so that the specific surface area of the shell calcium hydroxide particles is increased, and the synergistic effect of the gelled compound and the shell calcium hydroxide particles obviously enhances the adsorption effect of the vegetable and fruit cleaning agent on pesticide residues.
In a second aspect, the invention provides a preparation method of the shell-based vegetable and fruit cleaning agent, which comprises the following steps:
and uniformly mixing the shell calcium hydroxide fine powder, sodium citrate and an auxiliary agent to obtain the shell-based vegetable and fruit cleaning agent.
In a third aspect, the present invention provides a method for using the shell-based vegetable and fruit cleaning agent according to the first aspect, comprising the following steps:
uniformly mixing the shell-based vegetable and fruit cleaning agent and water according to the weight ratio of 0.5-5: 1000 to obtain a mixed solution, and soaking the vegetable and fruit in the mixed solution for 5-60 min.
The following examples further illustrate the invention.
Example 1
The preparation method of the shell-based vegetable and fruit cleaning agent provided by the embodiment comprises the following steps:
(1) cleaning and drying shells, then soaking the shells in a hydrochloric acid solution with the mass concentration of 0.2% for 60min, washing off organic and inorganic impurities on the surfaces of the shells, cleaning the shells with deionized water, then drying the shells in an oven, transferring the dried shells into a muffle furnace, calcining the shells at 700 ℃ for 3h, heating the shells to 1000 ℃ and calcining the shells for 75min to obtain shell calcium oxide, digesting water vapor generated by spraying and atomizing the obtained shell calcium oxide into a crude shell calcium hydroxide product, performing secondary digestion and wind power powder selection on the crude shell calcium hydroxide product, removing undigested shell calcium oxide fine powder, and then grinding the obtained shell calcium hydroxide fine powder to obtain shell calcium hydroxide fine powder with the particle size of 1200-1500 meshes;
(2) weighing the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 90% of fine shell calcium hydroxide powder and 10% of sodium citrate, and uniformly mixing the shell calcium hydroxide and the sodium citrate to obtain the shell-based vegetable and fruit cleaning agent.
Example 2
The preparation method of the shell-based vegetable and fruit cleaning agent provided by the embodiment comprises the following steps:
(1) cleaning and drying shells, then soaking the shells in a hydrochloric acid solution with the mass concentration of 0.1% for 120min, washing off organic and inorganic impurities on the surfaces of the shells, cleaning the shells with deionized water, then drying the shells in an oven, transferring the dried shells into a muffle furnace, calcining the shells at 600 ℃ for 4h, heating the shells to 900 ℃ again, calcining the shells for 90min to obtain shell calcium oxide, digesting water vapor generated by spraying and atomizing the obtained shell calcium oxide into a crude shell calcium hydroxide product, performing secondary digestion and wind power selection on the crude shell calcium hydroxide product, removing undigested shell calcium oxide fine powder, and then grinding the obtained shell calcium hydroxide fine powder to obtain shell calcium hydroxide fine powder with the particle size of 1200-1500 meshes;
(2) weighing the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 88% of fine shell calcium hydroxide powder and 12% of sodium citrate, and uniformly mixing the shell calcium hydroxide and the sodium citrate to obtain the shell-based vegetable and fruit cleaning agent.
Example 3
The preparation method of the shell-based vegetable and fruit cleaning agent provided by the embodiment comprises the following steps:
(1) cleaning and drying shells, then soaking the shells in a hydrochloric acid solution with the mass concentration of 0.2% for 60min, washing off organic and inorganic impurities on the surfaces of the shells, cleaning the shells with deionized water, then drying the shells in an oven, transferring the dried shells into a muffle furnace, calcining the shells at 800 ℃ for 2h, heating the shells to 1100 ℃ again, calcining the shells for 60min to obtain shell calcium oxide, digesting water vapor generated by spraying and atomizing the obtained shell calcium oxide into a crude shell calcium hydroxide product, performing secondary digestion and wind power powder selection on the crude shell calcium hydroxide product, removing undigested shell calcium oxide fine powder, and then grinding the obtained shell calcium hydroxide fine powder to obtain shell calcium hydroxide fine powder with the particle size of 1200-1500 meshes;
(2) weighing the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 93% of fine shell calcium hydroxide powder and 7% of sodium citrate, and uniformly mixing the shell calcium hydroxide and the sodium citrate to obtain the shell-based vegetable and fruit cleaning agent.
Example 4
In this example, the fine shell calcium hydroxide powder is prepared according to the step (1) of example 1, and the following raw materials are weighed according to the weight percentage: 95% of fine powder of shell calcium hydroxide and 5% of sodium citrate, and uniformly mixing the shell calcium hydroxide and the sodium citrate to obtain the shell-based vegetable and fruit cleaning agent.
Example 5
In this example, the fine shell calcium hydroxide powder is prepared according to the step (1) of example 1, and the following raw materials are weighed according to the weight percentage: 80% of fine powder of shell calcium hydroxide and 20% of sodium citrate, and uniformly mixing the shell calcium hydroxide and the sodium citrate to obtain the shell-based vegetable and fruit cleaning agent.
Comparative example 1
In the comparison example, the 'shell calcium hydroxide fine powder' in the step (2) of the example 1 is replaced by 'shell powder', the shell powder is prepared by a method of soaking in hydrochloric acid and calcining at 300 ℃, and the step (2) of the example 1 is repeated to prepare the vegetable and fruit cleaning agent.
Effect example 1
In order to further illustrate the beneficial effects of the present invention, the vegetable and fruit cleaning agents obtained in the above examples 1-5 and comparative example 1 were tested for their pesticide adsorption effects: 1g of vegetable and fruit cleaning agent is added into 100mL of cypermethrin solution (the concentration is 3.0mg/mL), and the concentration of the absorbed cypermethrin solution is detected after 5min and 15min respectively, and the result is shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 adsorption of Cypermethrin by vegetable and fruit cleaning agent
From the test results in table 1, it can be seen that, compared with comparative example 1, the adsorption speed of the cleaning agent for vegetables and fruits obtained in examples 1 to 5 of the present invention on cypermethrin is faster, and the adsorption performance is better, wherein the adsorption degradation rate of the cleaning agent for vegetables and fruits obtained in examples 1 to 3 on cypermethrin can reach more than 80% in 5min, and can reach more than 90% after 15 min.
Example 6
In this example, the fine shell calcium hydroxide powder is prepared according to the step (1) of example 1, and the following raw materials are weighed according to the weight percentage: 85% of shell calcium hydroxide fine powder, 10% of sodium citrate, 3% of spirulina maxima polysaccharide and 2% of carboxymethyl chitosan, and uniformly mixing the shell calcium hydroxide fine powder, the sodium citrate, the spirulina maxima polysaccharide and the carboxymethyl chitosan to obtain the shell-based vegetable and fruit cleaning agent.
Example 7
In this example, the fine shell calcium hydroxide powder is prepared according to the step (1) of example 1, and the following raw materials are weighed according to the weight percentage: 85% of shell calcium hydroxide fine powder, 10% of sodium citrate, 2% of spirulina maxima polysaccharide and 3% of carboxymethyl chitosan, and uniformly mixing the shell calcium hydroxide fine powder, the sodium citrate, the spirulina maxima polysaccharide and the carboxymethyl chitosan to obtain the shell-based vegetable and fruit cleaning agent.
Example 8
In this example, the fine shell calcium hydroxide powder is prepared according to the step (1) of example 1, and the following raw materials are weighed according to the weight percentage: 85% of fine powder of shell calcium hydroxide, 10% of sodium citrate and 5% of spirulina maxima polysaccharide, and uniformly mixing the shell calcium hydroxide, the sodium citrate and the spirulina maxima polysaccharide to obtain the shell-based vegetable and fruit cleaning agent.
Example 9
In this example, the fine shell calcium hydroxide powder is prepared according to the step (1) of example 1, and the following raw materials are weighed according to the weight percentage: 85% of shell calcium hydroxide fine powder, 10% of sodium citrate, 4% of spirulina maxima polysaccharide and 1% of carboxymethyl chitosan, and uniformly mixing the shell calcium hydroxide fine powder, the sodium citrate, the spirulina maxima polysaccharide and the carboxymethyl chitosan to obtain the shell-based vegetable and fruit cleaning agent.
Example 10
In this example, the fine shell calcium hydroxide powder is prepared according to the step (1) of example 1, and the following raw materials are weighed according to the weight percentage: 85% of shell calcium hydroxide fine powder, 10% of sodium citrate, 2.5% of spirulina maxima polysaccharide and 2.5% of carboxymethyl chitosan, and uniformly mixing the shell calcium hydroxide fine powder, the sodium citrate, the spirulina maxima polysaccharide and the carboxymethyl chitosan to obtain the shell-based vegetable and fruit cleaning agent.
Effect example 2
In order to further illustrate the beneficial effects of the present invention, the present invention tests the pesticide removing effects of the vegetable and fruit cleaning agent and the vegetable washing powder produced in japan in the above examples 1 and 6 to 10: selecting sweet beans with the same size, no fracture, no opening at corners and no damage as a vegetable sample of the embodiment with the effect, blending a vegetable and fruit cleaning agent and tap water according to the weight ratio of 1:1000 to form a mixed solution, uniformly stirring, adding the sweet beans, soaking for 10min, and rinsing with clear water to obtain the vegetable sample, wherein in the testing process, cypermethrin, propoxur and chromium ions (Cd) contained in the vegetable sample before and after cleaning are detected2+) Lead ion (Pb)2+) The adsorption efficiency was calculated and the results are shown in table 2.
TABLE 2 adsorption effect of vegetable and fruit cleaning agent on pesticide residue
Example 11
In this example, fine shell calcium hydroxide powder was prepared according to the step (1) of example 1, and then the pesticide removing effect of the fine shell calcium hydroxide powder was tested according to the test method of effect example 2, and it was found that the adsorption rate of the fine shell calcium hydroxide powder to cypermethrin was 67.56% and the adsorption rate to methiocarb was 71.64%.
Example 12
In this example, fine shell calcium hydroxide powder was prepared according to the step (1) of example 1, and then the fine shell calcium hydroxide powder and sodium citrate were mixed in a weight ratio of 1:1 to obtain a vegetable and fruit cleaning agent based on shells, and then the removal effect of the fine shell calcium hydroxide powder on pesticides was tested according to the test method of effect example 2, and it was found that the adsorption rate of the fine shell calcium hydroxide powder on cypermethrin was 74.31%, and the adsorption rate of the fine shell calcium hydroxide powder on methiocarb was 61.36%.
The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail, but the present invention is not limited to the described embodiments. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and the scope of protection is still within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The vegetable and fruit cleaning agent based on shells is characterized by comprising fine shell calcium hydroxide powder, wherein the fine shell calcium hydroxide powder is prepared by calcining shells at high temperature and then adding water for digestion.
2. The shell-based vegetable cleaning agent as claimed in claim 1, which comprises the following raw materials: the shell cleaning agent comprises shell calcium hydroxide fine powder, sodium citrate and an auxiliary agent, wherein the content of the shell calcium hydroxide fine powder in the shell-based vegetable and fruit cleaning agent is 50-100%.
3. The shell-based vegetable cleaning agent as claimed in claim 2, wherein the shell-based vegetable cleaning agent comprises the following raw materials by weight percentage: 50-100% of shell calcium hydroxide fine powder, 0-50% of sodium citrate and 0-5% of an auxiliary agent.
4. The shell-based vegetable and fruit cleaning agent as claimed in claim 1, wherein the shell calcium hydroxide fine powder is prepared by the following method:
cleaning and drying shells, then putting the shells into a calcining furnace to calcine the shells to obtain shell calcium oxide, carrying out digestion reaction on the obtained shell calcium oxide and water to generate a shell calcium hydroxide product, separating and selecting the obtained shell calcium hydroxide product, and then grinding the separated and selected shell calcium hydroxide product to obtain shell calcium hydroxide fine powder.
5. The shell-based vegetable and fruit cleaning agent as claimed in claim 4, wherein the size of the shell calcium hydroxide fine powder particles is 1200-1500 meshes.
6. The shell-based vegetable and fruit cleaning agent as claimed in claim 4, wherein the size of the shell calcium oxide fine powder particles is 150-300 mesh.
7. The shell-based vegetable cleaning agent as claimed in claim 2, wherein the shell-based vegetable cleaning agent comprises the following raw materials by weight percentage: 85-90% of shell calcium hydroxide fine powder, 5-10% of sodium citrate and 3-5% of an auxiliary agent.
8. The shell-based vegetable and fruit cleaning agent as claimed in claim 2, wherein the auxiliary agent is either one or both of spirulina maxima polysaccharide and carboxymethyl chitosan.
9. A preparation method of the shell-based vegetable and fruit cleaning agent as claimed in any one of claims 1-8, characterized by comprising the following steps:
and uniformly mixing the shell calcium hydroxide fine powder, sodium citrate and an auxiliary agent to obtain the shell-based vegetable and fruit cleaning agent.
10. Use of the shell-based vegetable and fruit cleaning agent according to any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising the steps of:
uniformly mixing the shell-based vegetable and fruit cleaning agent and water according to the weight ratio of 0.5-5: 1000 to obtain a mixed solution, and soaking the vegetable and fruit in the mixed solution for 5-60 min.
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Citations (4)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103087846A (en) * | 2011-10-31 | 2013-05-08 | 曾皇铭 | Natural cleaning agent for removing residual pesticide on fruit and vegetable surfaces and preparation method |
| CN104388208A (en) * | 2014-11-07 | 2015-03-04 | 舟山赛莱特海洋科技有限公司 | Method for preparing pesticide-removing fruit and vegetable cleaning agent based on shell powder |
| CN108893209A (en) * | 2018-06-04 | 2018-11-27 | 西安交通大学青岛研究院 | Patinopecten yessoensis conch meal is used for the preparation method of fruits and vegetables cleaning agent |
| CN109706005A (en) * | 2019-01-30 | 2019-05-03 | 舟山赛莱特海洋科技有限公司 | A kind of micro-nano fruits and vegetables cleaning agent of mussel shell and preparation method thereof |
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103087846A (en) * | 2011-10-31 | 2013-05-08 | 曾皇铭 | Natural cleaning agent for removing residual pesticide on fruit and vegetable surfaces and preparation method |
| CN104388208A (en) * | 2014-11-07 | 2015-03-04 | 舟山赛莱特海洋科技有限公司 | Method for preparing pesticide-removing fruit and vegetable cleaning agent based on shell powder |
| CN108893209A (en) * | 2018-06-04 | 2018-11-27 | 西安交通大学青岛研究院 | Patinopecten yessoensis conch meal is used for the preparation method of fruits and vegetables cleaning agent |
| CN109706005A (en) * | 2019-01-30 | 2019-05-03 | 舟山赛莱特海洋科技有限公司 | A kind of micro-nano fruits and vegetables cleaning agent of mussel shell and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20200414 |