CN111000263A

CN111000263A - Full-automatic green walnut peeling machine

Info

Publication number: CN111000263A
Application number: CN201911216804.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 余楚华; 杨学华
Original assignee: Hubei Dongfanghong Grain Machinery Co ltd
Current assignee: Hubei Dongfanghong Grain Machinery Co ltd
Priority date: 2019-12-03
Filing date: 2019-12-03
Publication date: 2020-04-14

Abstract

The invention provides a full-automatic green walnut peeling machine which comprises a peeling chamber arranged in a rack, wherein a feed hopper is arranged above the peeling chamber, a peeling turntable driven to rotate by a driving device is arranged at the bottom of the peeling chamber, and a plurality of peeling screws approximately vertical to the peeling turntable are arranged on the peeling turntable; an automatic water spraying device is also arranged below the feed hopper. By adopting the structure of the horizontally arranged peeling turnplate and the approximately vertical peeling screw, the green walnuts are pushed to rotate by the peeling screw at the bottom of the peeling chamber, and are peeled in the process of rubbing with the inner wall, so that the requirements on the overall dimension of the green walnuts are not high, the adaptability is wide, and the cleaning process can be completed simultaneously. The steps of automatic peeling, automatic washing and automatic spin-drying are realized, the labor cost is reduced, the production cost is reduced, and the breakage rate of the walnuts is low and is below 0.1% when the green husks are peeled; the output is large, 300kg of green walnuts can be processed in a model with the diameter of the peeling chamber of 400CM per hour, and the automatic production is realized.

Description

Full-automatic green walnut peeling machine

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of walnut processing equipment, in particular to a full-automatic green walnut peeling machine.

Background

The walnut huller is characterized in that the walnut planting and walnut yield are world-first in China, the walnut is rich in nutrition and beneficial to human health, the green walnut huller on the market at present is additionally washed and dried after hulling, the occupied area is large, the cost is high, 4-5 people are needed for manpower, and the green husk hulling is difficult in many places after the walnut is ripe and harvested, the green husk huller is generally used for naturally hulling the green husk, the time is long, the green husk is toxic, and the direct discharge can pollute the environment. In addition, the walnut is soaked in the liquid medicine to be quickly peeled, so that secondary pollution of green peel peeling of the walnut is caused. At present, the method generally adopted for peeling the green peel outer skin of the walnut is as follows: a stack retting peeling method: in the prior art, the traditional walnut peeling method is that after being harvested, fruits are timely transported to an outdoor shade or an indoor place and piled according to the thickness of about 50 cm. Then a layer of hay or dry leaves with the thickness of about 10cm is added on the fruit pile to accelerate the peeling speed. Generally, the Chinese olive peels are piled for 3-5 days, and when the Chinese olive peels are separated from the shells or cracked by more than 50%, the Chinese olive peels can be knocked by a stick for peeling. For those without peeling, the stack can be retted for several days until all peeling is finished. However, this peeling regimen tends to result in nut contamination, darkening of the flesh and even an increase in aflatoxins. Therefore, the market needs a safe and efficient walnut peeling device. Chinese patent document CN105192854A describes a peeling device for green-shelled walnut, which uses a knife shaft and a roller for peeling, but because the walnut usually has a long and short axis, and the size of each individual varies, the peeling device for the knife shaft has a poor effect, and the roller structure is limited by its own structure, so the rotation speed is low. Chinese patent document CN203709218U precision grading peeling production device for green-peel walnuts, CN206933249U peeling and cleaning machine for green-peel walnuts, and CN207136157U structure of spiral knife type green-peel walnut peeling device are all limited by roller structure. Chinese patent document CN202232881U discloses a vertical green-peel walnut huller, which adopts the rotation of a hulling rod 9 to realize the yield of more than 50kg per minute. Tests prove that the green-husk walnuts in the scheme can easily rotate along with the peeling rod 9, the walnut fruits are easily damaged when the rotating speed is increased, the peeling effect is poor when the rotating speed is low, and the yield per minute is over 50 kg. CN204482949U a vertical green walnut peeling machine, which is provided with a structure of a spiral peeling blade and a combined structure of a steel wire brush, but the structure also has the problem that it is difficult to deal with walnuts of different sizes, and the feasibility is not high as for the conclusion that the breakage rate is 0 recorded in the original text.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a full-automatic green walnut peeling machine which can realize automatic peeling of green walnuts, has low requirement on the external dimension of the green walnuts and can realize automatic cleaning and separation.

In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a full-automatic green walnut peeling machine comprises a peeling chamber arranged in a frame, a feed hopper is arranged above the peeling chamber, a peeling turntable driven to rotate by a driving device is arranged at the bottom of the peeling chamber, and a plurality of peeling screws approximately vertical to the peeling turntable are arranged on the peeling turntable;

an automatic water spraying device is also arranged below the feed hopper.

In the preferred scheme, a discharge door is arranged on one side of the peeling chamber;

a friction layer is arranged on the inner wall of the peeling chamber;

the inner wall of the discharge door is provided with a friction block.

In a preferred scheme, the friction layer and the friction block are made of rubber.

In the preferred scheme, the discharge door is connected with the air cylinder or the hydraulic cylinder and used for driving the opening and closing of the discharge door.

In the preferred scheme, the peeling rotary disc is fixedly connected with a vertical main transmission shaft, the peeling screw is fixedly arranged on the peeling rotary disc, and a gap is formed between the peeling rotary disc and the bottom of the peeling chamber for discharging green husks and cleaning water.

In the preferred scheme, an end cover is fixedly arranged at the top end of the main transmission shaft;

an inclined green husk discharging port is arranged at the bottom of the peeling turntable, and bearing seats are arranged in the middle of the main transmission shaft and at positions close to the bottom of the rack and used for supporting the main transmission shaft;

the bottom end of the main transmission shaft is provided with a transmission belt wheel, and the transmission belt wheel is connected with a motor through a transmission belt.

In a preferred scheme, a two-layer turntable structure is adopted in the peeling turntables, a plurality of peeling screws penetrate through the turntable on the upper layer, and part of peeling screws penetrate through the two layers of turntables and are fixedly connected to fix the peeling screws;

the two layers of turntable structures are connected with the main transmission shaft through flanges.

In a preferred scheme, the main transmission shaft is fixedly connected with an extension shaft, an extension peeling rotating rod is arranged at the end of the extension shaft, and a plurality of beating heads are arranged on the extension peeling rotating rod;

a fixed friction rod is arranged between the extension peeling rotating rod and the peeling rotating disk, the fixed friction rod is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the peeling chamber, and a plurality of friction heads are arranged on the fixed friction rod.

In a preferred scheme, the middle of the fixed friction rod is provided with an annular structure, the extending shaft penetrates through the annular structure, a plurality of friction rods which are radially arranged are arranged around the annular structure, and the end heads of the friction rods are fixedly connected with the inner wall of the peeling chamber.

In the preferred scheme, a plurality of peeling chambers are arranged on the frame, and one motor is connected with a main transmission shaft in each peeling chamber through a plurality of transmission mechanisms;

the bottom of the frame is provided with a roller;

the automatic water spraying device is also provided with a control cabinet for controlling the operation of the motor, the opening and closing of the discharge door and the work of the automatic water spraying device.

The full-automatic green walnut peeling machine provided by the invention has the advantages that the peeling turntables which are horizontally arranged and the peeling screw rods which are approximately vertical are adopted, the green walnuts are pushed to rotate by the peeling screw rods at the bottom of the peeling chamber, and the peeling is realized in the process of rubbing with the inner wall. The steps of automatic peeling, automatic washing and automatic spin-drying are realized, the labor cost is reduced, the production cost is reduced, and the breakage rate of the walnuts is low and is below 0.1% when the green husks are peeled; the output is large, 300kg of green walnuts can be processed in a model with the diameter of the peeling chamber of 400CM per hour, and the automatic production is realized.

Drawings

The invention is further illustrated by the following examples in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

FIG. 1 is a schematic side view of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic front view of the multi-device arrangement of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a schematic bottom view of the multiple devices of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a side view schematic of a preferred construction of the invention.

FIG. 5 is a schematic top view of the fixed friction bar of the present invention.

In the figure: the peeling machine comprises a feed hopper 1, a peeling chamber 2, a discharge door 3, a peeling screw 4, a peeling rotary disc 5, a main transmission shaft 6, an end cover 61, a green tangerine peel discharge port 7, a transmission belt wheel 8, a transmission belt 9, a motor belt wheel 10, a motor 11, a frame 12, a control cabinet 13, an automatic water spraying device 14, an extending peeling rotary rod 15, an extending shaft 16, a fixed friction rod 17, a friction layer 18 and a friction block 19.

Detailed Description

As shown in fig. 1 to 3, a full-automatic green walnut peeling machine comprises a peeling chamber 2 arranged in a frame 12, a feed hopper 1 is arranged above the peeling chamber 2, a peeling turntable 5 driven by a driving device to rotate is arranged at the bottom of the peeling chamber 2, and a plurality of peeling screws 4 approximately vertical to the peeling turntable 5 are arranged on the peeling turntable 5;

an automatic water spraying device 14 is also arranged below the feed hopper 1. The middle peeling turntable 5 is arranged at the bottom of the peeling chamber 2, so that the green walnut peeling machine has no requirements on the size and the maturity of green walnuts, and is also suitable for unhulled walnuts which are difficult to peel by hand.

The automatic water spraying device 14 has the following structure: an annular nozzle is arranged below the feed hopper 1, the inner space of the annular nozzle avoids the feeding position below the feed hopper 1, a plurality of nozzles are arranged in the direction of the nozzle facing the lower part, the nozzle is connected with a high-level water tank or a pressure water pipe through a pipeline, a valve which is controlled to be switched on and off by a control cabinet 13 is arranged on the pipeline, and the valve is an electromagnetic valve, a pneumatic valve or an electric valve. In this embodiment, a solenoid valve is preferably used, and the on/off is controlled by a PLC or a relay of the control cabinet 13.

In the preferred scheme, a discharge door 3 is arranged at one side of the peeling chamber 2;

a friction layer 18 is arranged on the inner wall of the peeling chamber 2;

the inner wall of the discharging door 3 is provided with a friction block 19. The friction layer 18 and the friction block 19 are arranged to limit the rotation and rolling of the green walnuts to a certain extent, and the peeling turntable 5 can push the rotation and rolling of the green walnuts, so that the green husks on the surfaces of the green walnuts are torn and peeled due to the speed difference.

In a preferred embodiment, the friction layer 18 and the friction block 19 are made of rubber.

In a preferred scheme, as shown in fig. 1, the discharging door 3 is connected with an air cylinder or a hydraulic cylinder and used for driving the opening and closing of the discharging door 3. An inclined discharging slideway is arranged below the discharging door 3, and when the discharging door 3 is opened, peeled walnuts are discharged from the discharging door 3. Alternatively, the discharging door 3 may be opened in a sliding manner or in a rotating manner, in this example, in a sliding manner.

In a preferred scheme, as shown in figure 1, a peeling rotary disc 5 is fixedly connected with a vertical main transmission shaft 6, a peeling screw 4 is fixedly arranged on the peeling rotary disc 5, and a gap is formed between the peeling rotary disc 5 and the bottom of a peeling chamber 2 for discharging green husks and cleaning water. With this structure, the operation of peeling and cleaning is facilitated.

In a preferred scheme, an end cover 61 is fixedly arranged at the top end of the main transmission shaft 6. The end cover can improve the cleaning effect and protect the bearing of the main transmission shaft 6.

An inclined green husk discharging port 7 is arranged at the bottom of the peeling turntable 5, and bearing seats are arranged in the middle of the main transmission shaft 6 and at positions close to the bottom of the frame 12 and used for supporting the main transmission shaft 6;

the end of the bottom of the main transmission shaft 6 is provided with a transmission belt wheel 8, and the transmission belt wheel 8 is connected with a motor 11 through a transmission belt 9. Preferably, the motor 11 is a variable frequency motor.

In a preferred scheme, as shown in fig. 1, a two-layer turntable structure is adopted in the peeling turntable 5, a plurality of peeling screws 4 penetrate through the turntable at the upper layer, and part of peeling screws 4 penetrate through the two layers of turntables to be fixedly connected to fix the peeling screws 4; by the structure, the installation difficulty of the peeling screw rod 4 is greatly reduced, and the peeling screw rod 4 can be prevented from falling off in the use process.

The two layers of turntable structures are connected with the main transmission shaft 6 through flanges.

In a preferable scheme, the main transmission shaft 6 is fixedly connected with an extension shaft 16, and the end of the extension shaft 16 is provided with an extension peeling rotating rod 15. Preferably, a plurality of striking heads are arranged on the extending peeling rotating rod 15; the striking head in this example is of metal, preferably provided as a circular protrusion.

A fixed friction rod 17 is arranged between the extended peeling rotating rod 15 and the peeling rotating disk 5, the fixed friction rod 17 is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the peeling chamber 2, and a plurality of friction heads are arranged on the fixed friction rod 17. The friction head is made of rubber.

In a preferred scheme, the middle of the fixed friction rod 17 is provided with a ring-shaped structure, the extension shaft 16 passes through the ring-shaped structure, a plurality of friction rods which are radially arranged are arranged around the ring-shaped structure, and the ends of the friction rods are fixedly connected with the inner wall of the peeling chamber 2. In this example, the movement trend of the green walnuts entering the peeling chamber 2 is divided into two parts, one part is the rotation and rolling movement driven by the peeling rotary disk 5 and the extended peeling rotary rod 15, the other part is the movement stopping trend of the green walnuts by the fixed friction rod 17, the friction layer 18 and the friction block 19, the two movement trends conflict, so that the green husks of the green walnuts are easier to tear, and the conflict of the movement trends does not relate to the change of the size of the green walnuts. Compared with a drum-type structure, the main transmission shaft 6 can be set to work at a higher rotating speed, such as a rotating speed of 950-2000 rpm, and can be adjusted according to different walnut varieties. In the embodiment, the peeling is mainly realized by using friction force instead of the knocking effect of the peeling screw rod 4 or the extended peeling rotating rod 15 on the surface of the green walnut, so that the breakage rate of the walnut can be greatly reduced.

In a preferred scheme, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, a plurality of peeling chambers 2 are arranged on a frame 12, and a motor 11 is connected with a main transmission shaft 6 in each peeling chamber 2 through a plurality of transmission mechanisms; with this structure, the driving efficiency is improved.

The bottom of the frame 12 is provided with a roller; with this structure, the movement of the entire apparatus is facilitated.

And a control cabinet 13 is also arranged and used for controlling the operation of the motor 11, the opening and closing of the discharging door 3 and the work of the automatic water spraying device 14.

Taking an optimal scheme as an example, when the peeling machine is used, green walnuts are placed into the feed hopper 1, the green walnuts enter the peeling chamber 2 from the feed hopper 1, the control cabinet 13 sends out a control command, the motor 11 drives the main transmission shaft 6 to rotate through the motor belt wheel 10, the transmission belt 9 and the transmission belt wheel 8, the peeling screw 4 of the peeling rotary disc 5 and the striking head extending the peeling rotary rod 15 push the green walnuts to rotate, and in the process of rubbing with the inner wall, green husks on the surfaces of the green walnuts are torn off, and the friction rod 17, the friction layer 18 in the peeling chamber 2 and the friction block 19 of the discharge door 3 are fixed in a structure, so that the green walnuts are prevented from rolling, and the peeling efficiency is improved. When the walnut skin is completely removed, a valve of the automatic water spraying device 14 is opened, purified water is sprayed onto peeled walnuts in the peeling chamber 2, toxic phosphorus and the like on the surfaces of the peeled walnuts are washed off, water spraying time is 5 seconds, water spraying is stopped, rotation is continued, water drops on the surfaces of the walnuts are dried by centrifugal force, and drying time is 3 seconds. The water and green peel removed are discharged from the gap between the peeling rotary disc 5 and the peeling chamber 2 and discharged from the green peel outlet 7. After about 1 minute and a half, the discharging door 3 is opened, the walnut with the green husk removed is discharged from the discharging door 3, and the control cabinet 13 controls the motor 11 to rotate at a low speed, for example, at a speed of 50 rpm, during the discharging process of the walnut. After the green husks and the walnuts flow out of the huller, the walnuts are conveyed to a dryer for drying, the green husks are conveyed to a sediment tank, coarse husks are filtered out through a filter screen, sewage is circularly precipitated through a precipitation tank, and finally, sewage treatment liquid is added, and the sewage is filtered through a filter to reach the sewage discharge standard. When the green seedcase is removed by the equipment, the peeling rate is more than 99 percent, and the breakage rate of walnuts is less than 0.1 percent. The labor intensity of workers is reduced, the production cost is reduced, and meanwhile, the automatic production is realized. The green walnut peeling machine only needs one person to operate, the automation degree is high, the machine has single cylinders, double cylinders, four cylinders and the like according to different requirements of customers, and small single cylinders are provided, so that the machine is convenient for small-scale walnut dealers to use, and the equipment can be used only by a 220V single-phase power supply. Compact structure, scientific design, simple operation and convenient maintenance. The invention has no requirements on the size and the maturity of the green walnuts, and is also suitable for the unraveled walnuts which are difficult to be peeled completely by manual peeling. When in use, the device does not need any technical operation and does not need to adjust the clearance.

The above-described embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and features in the embodiments and examples in the present application may be arbitrarily combined with each other without conflict. The protection scope of the present invention is defined by the claims, and includes equivalents of technical features of the claims. I.e., equivalent alterations and modifications within the scope hereof, are also intended to be within the scope of the invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a full-automatic blue or green walnut decorticator, it is equipped with feeder hopper (1), characterized by including setting up peeling chamber (2) in frame (12) above peeling chamber (2): a peeling rotary disc (5) driven by a driving device to rotate is arranged at the bottom of the peeling chamber (2), and a plurality of peeling screws (4) approximately vertical to the peeling rotary disc (5) are arranged on the peeling rotary disc (5);

an automatic water spraying device (14) is arranged below the feed hopper (1).

2. The full-automatic green walnut peeling machine as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: a discharge door (3) is arranged at one side of the peeling chamber (2);

a friction layer (18) is arranged on the inner wall of the peeling chamber (2);

the inner wall of the discharging door (3) is provided with a friction block (19).

3. The full-automatic green walnut peeling machine as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that: the friction layer (18) and the friction block (19) are made of rubber.

4. The full-automatic green walnut peeling machine as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that: the discharge door (3) is connected with the air cylinder or the hydraulic cylinder and is used for driving the opening and closing of the discharge door (3).

5. The full-automatic green walnut peeling machine as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the peeling rotary disc (5) is fixedly connected with the vertical main transmission shaft (6), the peeling screw (4) is fixedly arranged on the peeling rotary disc (5), and a gap is formed between the peeling rotary disc (5) and the bottom of the peeling chamber (2) for discharging green husks and cleaning water.

6. The full-automatic green walnut peeling machine as claimed in claim 5, which is characterized in that: an end cover (61) is fixedly arranged at the top end of the main transmission shaft (6);

an inclined green husk discharging port (7) is arranged at the bottom of the peeling turntable (5), and bearing seats are arranged in the middle of the main transmission shaft (6) and at a position close to the bottom of the frame (12) and used for supporting the main transmission shaft (6);

the bottom end of the main transmission shaft (6) is provided with a transmission belt wheel (8), and the transmission belt wheel (8) is connected with a motor (11) through a transmission belt (9).

7. The full-automatic green walnut peeling machine as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the peeling turntables (5) adopt a two-layer turntable structure, a plurality of peeling screws (4) penetrate through the turntables positioned at the upper layer, and part of peeling screws (4) penetrate through the two layers of turntables and are fixedly connected to fix the peeling screws (4);

the two layers of turntable structures are connected with a main transmission shaft (6) through flanges.

8. The full-automatic green walnut peeling machine as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the main transmission shaft (6) is fixedly connected with the extension shaft (16), the end of the extension shaft (16) is provided with an extension peeling rotating rod (15), and the extension peeling rotating rod (15) is provided with a plurality of beating heads.

9. The full-automatic green walnut peeling machine as claimed in claim 8, which is characterized in that: a fixed friction rod (17) is arranged between the extended peeling rotating rod (15) and the peeling rotary disk (5), the fixed friction rod (17) is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the peeling chamber (2), and a plurality of friction heads are arranged on the fixed friction rod (17);

the middle of the fixed friction rod (17) is provided with an annular structure, the extension shaft (16) penetrates through the annular structure, a plurality of friction rods which are radially arranged are arranged around the annular structure, and the end heads of the friction rods are fixedly connected with the inner wall of the peeling chamber (2).

10. The full-automatic green walnut peeling machine as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the machine frame (12) is provided with a plurality of peeling chambers (2), and one motor (11) is connected with the main transmission shafts (6) in the peeling chambers (2) through a plurality of transmission mechanisms;

the bottom of the frame (12) is provided with a roller;

and a control cabinet (13) is also arranged and used for controlling the operation of the motor (11), the opening and closing of the discharge door (3) and the work of the automatic water spraying device (14).