CN110999585A - Soil improvement method for large-scale fruit planting - Google Patents

Soil improvement method for large-scale fruit planting Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110999585A
CN110999585A CN201911210748.3A CN201911210748A CN110999585A CN 110999585 A CN110999585 A CN 110999585A CN 201911210748 A CN201911210748 A CN 201911210748A CN 110999585 A CN110999585 A CN 110999585A
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China
Prior art keywords
parts
soil
drip irrigation
mixed soil
powder
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CN201911210748.3A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
李林林
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Jiangsu Kaidi Agricultural Technology Development Co Ltd
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Jiangsu Kaidi Agricultural Technology Development Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201911210748.3A priority Critical patent/CN110999585A/en
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01BSOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
    • A01B79/00Methods for working soil
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09KMATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K17/00Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
    • C09K17/40Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing mixtures of inorganic and organic compounds
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09KMATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K2101/00Agricultural use
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09KMATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K2109/00MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE pH regulation

Abstract

The invention provides a soil improvement method for planting fruits on a large scale, and relates to the technical field of soil improvement. The invention provides a soil improvement method for planting fruits on a large scale, which aims to solve the technical problems that the soil structure is difficult to improve in a short time and the pH value and the heavy metal content of a saline-alkali soil are difficult to reduce in the existing soil improvement method.

Description

Soil improvement method for large-scale fruit planting
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of soil improvement, in particular to a soil improvement method for planting fruits on a large scale.
Background
With the improvement of living standard, people pay more and more attention to food safety and pay attention to body health. Daily people can often eat some fruits, the fruits are fruits which can be directly eaten, and juicy and sweet plant fruits, so that the fruit not only contains rich nutrition and can help digestion, but also has the health-care effects of reducing blood pressure, slowing down aging, losing weight, improving eyesight, resisting cancer, supplementing vitamins and the like.
At present, due to unreasonable utilization of chemical fertilizers of agricultural facilities, use of simultaneously decomposed chicken manure, pig manure, cattle and sheep manure and the like without economization, reduction of use and obstacles and frequent irrigation of a large number of continuous cropping for a long time, physicochemical property of fruit planting soil is reduced, large gaps in the soil are reduced, air permeability is poor, stickiness and hardening are caused, the soil gradually tends to salinization, and the situations of serious pesticide residue, rampant soil-borne diseases, reduction of water retention capacity of soil quality, poor air permeability and reduction capability are more and more serious; further leading to serious contamination of the present soil.
Therefore, soil improvement plays a very critical role in vegetable and fruit planting, and provides a necessary nutrient environment for the growth of crops. However, the capacity of the soil is large, the total porosity of the soil is small, the granular structure of the soil is unstable, and the soil structure is difficult to improve in a short time and the pH value of the saline-alkali soil and the content of heavy metals are difficult to reduce.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a soil improvement method for planting fruits on a large scale, and aims to solve the technical problems that the existing soil improvement method is difficult to improve the soil structure in a short time and reduce the pH value and the heavy metal content of saline-alkali soil.
In order to realize the purpose, the soil improvement method for planting the fruits on a large scale provided by the invention comprises the following steps: firstly, deeply ploughing soil to be restored to a depth of 60cm, and backfilling the mixed soil A after deeply ploughing to a backfill depth of 20 cm; then covering a layer of mixed soil B with the thickness of 20cm on the surface of the mixed soil A; and covering a layer of mixed soil C with the thickness of 20cm on the surface of the mixed soil B, and finally laying a layer of drip irrigation tape on the surface layer of the mixed soil C for drip irrigation.
Further, the mixed soil A is formed by mixing 30-50 parts of medical stone powder, 80-100 parts of tourmaline powder and 100-200 parts of soil in parts by weight.
Further, the mixed soil B is prepared by mixing 15-40 parts of chitosan, 20-30 parts of sodium alginate, 5-10 parts of ammonia nitrogen removal microbial inoculum, 15-20 parts of avicennia marina and 50-100 parts of soil according to parts by weight.
Further, the mixed soil C is prepared by mixing 20-40 parts of sargassum fusiforme powder, 50-70 parts of rye grass powder, 35-60 parts of pennisetum purpureum powder, 2-5 parts of sulfate reducing bacteria agent and 30-60 parts of soil according to parts by weight.
Further, the specific drip irrigation steps are as follows: after the drip irrigation tape is paved, continuously carrying out drip irrigation for 5 days by using water with the temperature of 18-20 ℃, carrying out drip irrigation for 15h every day, wherein the drip speed is 20-30 drops per minute; then drip irrigation is carried out once every 3 days at the drip speed of 30-40 drops per minute for 10 hours each time for 5 times.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the soil improvement method for planting fruits on a large scale can improve the soil structure, increase the soil ventilation, supplement organic matters, improve the improvement efficiency, has obvious improvement effect and simple and convenient operation, effectively reduces the pH value of the soil and the content of heavy metals, and is a method for integrally improving the soil activity and repairing the soil. Through detection, the soil improvement method of the invention improves the saline-alkali soil for 100 days, the soil is looser than before, the air permeability is improved, and the salt content is reduced from 0.29 to 0.011; the indexes of various heavy metals such as cadmium, copper, lead and the like are all reduced, the pH value of the soil is also in a required range, and the total porosity of the soil is 57.1%.
2. The soil improvement method for planting fruits on a large scale provided by the invention improves the soil all-around through a trinity, and firstly adds mineral powder, such as: the soil improvement is completed by adding the medical stone powder and the tourmaline powder, adding the chitosan, the sodium alginate, the ammonia nitrogen removal microbial inoculum and the avicennia marina, and finally adding the sargassum fusiforme powder, the black wheat grass powder, the sulfate reducing microbial inoculum and the pennisetum schneideri powder. Firstly, after soil is deeply ploughed, tourmaline and medical stone are added into the soil to be repaired, the tourmaline releases heat after meeting water, and the tourmaline is excited to generate heat when water reaches a lower layer under the action of drip irrigation and gravity, so that the temperature of the soil to be repaired is raised; then chitosan, sodium alginate, a deaminium nitrogen microbial inoculum and avicennia marina are added in the upper layer; because the pH value of the soil to be repaired is higher and alkaline, the ammonia radical ions on the surface of the chitosan are combined with the carboxylic acid ions in the sodium alginate, and a compact film is easy to form, on one hand, micropores exist on the compact film and are convenient to be fully contacted with the added nitrogen deamination bacteria, so that a good immobilization effect on the nitrogen deamination bacteria is achieved, when the saline alkali substances on the surface layer of the soil are moved downwards along with the water in drip irrigation under the action of gravity and are contacted with the compact film, the nitrogen deamination bacteria agent fixed on the compact film can carry out 'accurate' decomposition on the saline alkali substances in the water, the efficiency of the nitrogen deamination is improved compared with the traditional added microbial preparation, on the other hand, when the heat of the tourmaline reaches the compact film through upward evaporation, the surface temperature of the compact film is increased, the environment of the soil at the moment belongs to a warm and moist environment, the propagation speed of the nitrogen deamination bacteria is, therefore, the saline-alkali substances in the soil are decomposed all around from top to bottom, the pH value of the soil is reduced, the soil improvement time is greatly shortened, soil organic matters are increased in a short time, the fertility is recovered, meanwhile, pathogenic bacteria in the soil are killed, the soil-borne harm of the planted fruits is greatly reduced, and the yield and the quality of the fruits are improved.
3. The pH value of the soil is reduced, the heavy metal content in the soil is reduced, and in the lower layer of the laid drip irrigation zone, the hizikia fusiforme powder, the rye grass powder, the pennisetum purpureum powder and the sulfate reducing bacteria agent are added into the shallow soil; the ryegrass has good enrichment capacity on the composite heavy metals in the soil, and the utilization efficiency of the ryegrass for repairing the heavy metals can be greatly improved; the cell walls of the sargassum fusiforme and the puccoon have porous structures consisting of multiple layers of microfibrils such as cellulose and the like, contain a large number of functional groups such as amino groups, carboxyl groups, sulfenyl groups and the like which can be combined with metal ions, can adsorb the metal ions by virtue of electrostatic attraction, and can also form coordinate bonds with the metal ions to complex the metal ions.
In addition to the objects, features and advantages described above, other objects, features and advantages of the present invention are also provided. The present invention will be described in further detail below.
Detailed Description
The following is a detailed description of embodiments of the invention, but the invention can be implemented in many different ways, as defined and covered by the claims.
Example 1
The soil improvement method for planting fruits on a large scale comprises the following steps: firstly, deeply ploughing soil for planting dragon fruits to a depth of 60cm, and backfilling mixed soil A after deeply ploughing to a backfill depth of 20 cm; then covering a layer of mixed soil B with the thickness of 20cm on the surface of the mixed soil A; covering a layer of mixed soil C with the thickness of 20cm on the surface of the mixed soil B, and finally laying a layer of drip irrigation tape on the surface layer of the mixed soil C for drip irrigation; the specific drip irrigation steps are as follows: after the drip irrigation tape is paved, continuously carrying out drip irrigation for 5 days by using water with the temperature of 18 ℃, carrying out drip irrigation for 15h every day, wherein the drip speed is 20 drops per minute; then carrying out drip irrigation once every 3 days at the drip speed of 30 drops per minute for 10 hours each time for 5 times; the mixed soil A is prepared by mixing 30 parts of medical stone powder, 80 parts of tourmaline powder and 100 parts of soil according to parts by weight; the mixed soil B is prepared by mixing 15 parts of chitosan, 20 parts of sodium alginate, 5 parts of ammonia nitrogen removal microbial inoculum, 15 parts of avicennia marina, 50 parts of soil and the like according to parts by weight; the mixed soil C is prepared by mixing 20 parts of sargassum fusiforme powder, 50 parts of rye grass powder, 2 parts of sulfate reducing bacteria agent, 35 parts of pennisetum schneideri powder and 30 parts of soil in parts by weight.
Treating the dragon fruit planting soil according to the method of the embodiment 1 for 100 days, wherein the soil is loose compared with the prior soil, the air permeability is improved, and the salt content is reduced from 0.25 to 0.021; the indexes of various heavy metals such as cadmium, copper, lead and the like are all reduced, the pH value of the soil is also in a required range, and the total porosity of the soil is 56.5%.
Example 2
The soil improvement method for planting fruits on a large scale comprises the following steps: firstly, deeply ploughing soil for planting grapes to a depth of 60cm, and backfilling mixed soil A after deeply ploughing to a backfill depth of 20 cm; then covering a layer of mixed soil B with the thickness of 20cm on the surface of the mixed soil A; covering a layer of mixed soil C with the thickness of 20cm on the surface of the mixed soil B, and finally laying a layer of drip irrigation tape on the surface layer of the mixed soil C for drip irrigation; the specific drip irrigation steps are as follows: after the drip irrigation tape is laid, continuously carrying out drip irrigation for 5 days by using water with the temperature of 20 ℃, carrying out drip irrigation for 15h every day, wherein the drip speed is 30 drops per minute; then carrying out drip irrigation once every 3 days at the drip speed of 40 drops per minute for 10 hours each time for 5 times; the mixed soil A is formed by mixing 50 parts of medical stone powder, 100 parts of tourmaline powder and 200 parts of soil according to parts by weight; the mixed soil B is prepared by mixing 40 parts of chitosan, 30 parts of sodium alginate, 10 parts of ammonia nitrogen removal microbial inoculum, 20 parts of avicennia marina and 100 parts of soil in parts by weight; the mixed soil C is prepared by mixing 40 parts of sargassum fusiforme powder, 70 parts of rye grass powder, 5 parts of sulfate reducing bacteria agent, 60 parts of pennisetum schneideri powder and 60 parts of soil in parts by weight.
The soil for planting the grapes is treated according to the method of the example 2 for 100 days, the soil is loose compared with the former soil, the air permeability is improved, and the salt content is reduced from 0.23 to 0.018; the indexes of various heavy metals such as cadmium, copper, lead and the like are all reduced, the pH value of the soil is also in a required range, and the total porosity of the soil is 56.9%.
Example 3
The soil improvement method for planting fruits on a large scale comprises the following steps: firstly, deeply ploughing soil for planting pineapples to a depth of 60cm, and backfilling the mixed soil A after deeply ploughing to a backfill depth of 20 cm; then covering a layer of mixed soil B with the thickness of 20cm on the surface of the mixed soil A; covering a layer of mixed soil C with the thickness of 20cm on the surface of the mixed soil B, and finally laying a layer of drip irrigation tape on the surface layer of the mixed soil C for drip irrigation; the specific drip irrigation steps are as follows: after the drip irrigation tape is paved, continuously carrying out drip irrigation for 5 days by using water with the temperature of 19 ℃, carrying out drip irrigation for 15h every day, wherein the drip speed is 25 drops per minute; then carrying out drip irrigation once every 3 days at the drip speed of 35 drops per minute for 10 hours each time for 5 times; the mixed soil A is prepared by mixing 30-50 parts of medical stone powder, 90 parts of tourmaline powder and 150 parts of soil in parts by weight; the mixed soil B is prepared by mixing 35 parts of chitosan, 25 parts of sodium alginate, 8 parts of ammonia nitrogen removal microbial inoculum, 17 parts of avicennia marina and 75 parts of soil in parts by weight; the mixed soil C is prepared by mixing 30 parts of sargassum fusiforme powder, 60 parts of rye grass powder, 50 parts of pennisetum purpureum powder, 3.5 parts of sulfate reducing bacteria agent and 50 parts of soil according to parts by weight.
The soil for planting pineapples is treated according to the method of the embodiment 3 for 100 days, the soil is loose compared with the prior soil, the air permeability is improved, and the salt content is reduced from 0.29 to 0.011; the indexes of various heavy metals such as cadmium, copper, lead and the like are all reduced, the pH value of the soil is also in a required range, and the total porosity of the soil is 57.1%.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (2)

1. The soil improvement method for planting fruits on a large scale is characterized by comprising the following steps: firstly, deeply ploughing soil to be restored to a depth of 60cm, and backfilling the mixed soil A after deeply ploughing to a backfill depth of 20 cm; then covering a layer of mixed soil B with the thickness of 20cm on the surface of the mixed soil A; covering a layer of mixed soil C with the thickness of 20cm on the surface of the mixed soil B, and finally laying a layer of drip irrigation tape on the surface layer of the mixed soil C for drip irrigation; the mixed soil A is formed by mixing 30-50 parts of medical stone powder, 80-100 parts of tourmaline powder and 100-200 parts of restored soil in parts by weight; the mixed soil B is prepared by mixing 15-40 parts of chitosan, 20-30 parts of sodium alginate, 5-10 parts of deamination nitrogen bacteria agent, 15-20 parts of avicennia marina and 50-100 parts of soil to be repaired according to parts by weight; the mixed soil C is prepared by mixing 20-40 parts of sargassum fusiforme powder, 50-70 parts of rye grass powder, 35-60 parts of pennisetum purpureum powder and 3-8 parts of sulfate reducing bacteria agent in parts by weight.
2. The soil improvement method for scale planting of fruit according to claim 1, wherein: the specific drip irrigation steps are as follows: after the drip irrigation tape is paved, continuously carrying out drip irrigation for 5 days by using water with the temperature of 18-20 ℃, carrying out drip irrigation for 15h every day, wherein the drip speed is 20-30 drops per minute; then drip irrigation is carried out once every 3 days at the drip speed of 30-40 drops per minute for 10 hours each time for 5 times.
CN201911210748.3A 2019-12-02 2019-12-02 Soil improvement method for large-scale fruit planting Pending CN110999585A (en)

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