CN110983622A - 一种竹炭纤维棕生产工艺 - Google Patents

一种竹炭纤维棕生产工艺 Download PDF

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CN110983622A
CN110983622A CN201911367080.3A CN201911367080A CN110983622A CN 110983622 A CN110983622 A CN 110983622A CN 201911367080 A CN201911367080 A CN 201911367080A CN 110983622 A CN110983622 A CN 110983622A
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张光林
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种竹炭纤维棕生产工艺，包括以下步骤：步骤一，取多年生毛竹为原料，经剪切后由竹子粉碎机破碎成竹粉；步骤二，将步骤一得到竹粉送入真空炭化炉中加热至完全炭化成为竹炭粉；步骤三，将步骤二中得到竹炭粉真空冷却后送入球磨机中球磨至直径不超过0.5um，并经除水程序后得到纳米级竹炭粉末；步骤四，将步骤三中得到的纳米级竹炭粉加入聚酯纤维原液中经喷丝板喷丝制成竹炭纤维；步骤五，将上一步骤得到的竹炭纤维与低熔点纤维混合后经开松、梳理、气流成网、针刺定型和烘烤粘合后成为竹炭纤维棕成品。通过上述方式，本发明能够减少加工总时长，提高生产效率，最终产品符合环保要求。

Description

一种竹炭纤维棕生产工艺
技术领域
本发明涉及竹炭纤维领域，特别是涉及一种竹炭纤维棕生产工艺。
背景技术
竹炭因为具有独特的蜂窝状微孔结构，因此相比普通的木炭具有更好的吸附性能，因而被称之为“黑钻石”，而使用竹炭作为原料制作的竹炭纤维兼具纤维的丝状可加工特点和竹炭的优良吸附特性，与常规的纤维相比，在吸湿透气、抑菌抗菌方面更具优势，而且绿色环保，对环境没有危害。但是现在常规的竹炭纤维一般是先制取出块状竹炭然后再研磨，而且研磨效率较低，时间久，最终适合竹炭纤维使用的炭粉收率较低，而且制作竹炭纤维棕产品时一般使用粘合材料，具有一定的小分子物质挥发性。
发明内容
本发明主要解决的技术问题是提供一种竹炭纤维棕生产工艺，能够提高生产效率适应环保要求。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明采用的一个技术方案是：提供一种竹炭纤维棕生产工艺，所述竹炭纤维棕生产工艺包括以下步骤：
步骤一，取多年生毛竹为原料，经剪切后由竹子粉碎机破碎成竹粉；
步骤二，将步骤一得到竹粉送入真空炭化炉中加热至完全炭化成为竹炭粉；
步骤三，将步骤二中得到竹炭粉真空冷却后送入球磨机中球磨至直径不超过0.5um，并经除水程序后得到纳米级竹炭粉末；
步骤四，将步骤三中得到的纳米级竹炭粉加入聚酯纤维原液中经喷丝板喷丝制成竹炭纤维；
步骤五，将上一步骤得到的竹炭纤维与低熔点纤维混合后经开松、梳理、气流成网、针刺定型和烘烤粘合后成为竹炭纤维棕成品。
在本发明一个较佳实施例中，所述步骤1中竹炭粉的粒度不超过40目。
在本发明一个较佳实施例中，所述步骤三中球磨剂使用纯净水作为研磨介质。
在本发明一个较佳实施例中，所述纯净水中添加有聚氨酯或丙烯酸酯类有机分散剂。
在本发明一个较佳实施例中，所述研磨介质中还添加有2%~3%的除虫聚酯。
在本发明一个较佳实施例中，所述步骤三中除水程序包括离心分离和真空干燥两步。
在本发明一个较佳实施例中，所述步骤四中竹炭粉的加入量为15%~20%。
在本发明一个较佳实施例中，所述低熔点聚酯的添加量为10%~15%。
在本发明一个较佳实施例中，所述烘烤定型温度为180℃~220℃。
本发明的有益效果是：本发明的技术方案是预先对竹材进行加工，使之成为粉状，方便后续加工中可以在真空成炭炉中快速除去内含水分提高成炭速度，并且由于成炭的原料为竹粉，显著的提高了球磨的效率，而且在竹炭纤维棕制品的制作流程中使用低熔点聚酯纤维作为胶合材料烘烤定型，整个过程没有任何外源性添加材料，无毒无害，符号了环保的时代要求。
具体实施方式
下面对本发明的较佳实施例进行详细阐述，以使本发明的优点和特征能更易于被本领域技术人员理解，从而对本发明的保护范围做出更为清楚明确的界定。
本发明实施例的内容包括：
一种竹炭纤维棕生产工艺，所述竹炭纤维棕生产工艺包括以下步骤：
步骤一，取多年生毛竹为原料，经剪切后由竹子粉碎机破碎成竹粉，将竹粉过筛，所述筛子的筛孔大于40目，通过筛孔筛选出的竹粉粒度小于40目，比表面积较大，水分和小分子挥发性物质易于挥发，可以降低炭化加工时间；
步骤二，将步骤一得到竹粉送入真空炭化炉中加热至完全炭化成为竹炭粉；采用真空碳化炉可以隔绝炭化过程中空气的影响，在真空条件下，一方面可以根据工艺，降低炭化温度仍然能取得较好的炭化结果，另一方面也可以根据工艺需要提高炭化温度，缩短炭化时间，而整天收率不受影响；
步骤三，将步骤二中得到竹炭粉真空冷却后送入球磨机中球磨至直径不超过0.5um，并经除水程序后得到纳米级竹炭粉末，其中球磨使用纯净水作为研磨介质，减少杂质的引入，研磨过程中添加聚氨酯或丙烯酸酯类有机分散剂提高研磨过程中竹炭粉末的聚合，之所以选用聚氨酯或丙烯酸酯类有机分散剂是因为竹炭粉末本身是无机物，但是其颗粒边界却又同时具备一部分有机物的特征，因此只有选用空间受阻胺类分散剂才能得到合适的分散效果，而在研磨过程中添加有2%~3%的除虫菊酯，此时添加除虫菊酯的目的是利用竹炭本身的吸附特性在研磨过程中将除虫菊酯吸附到竹炭颗粒内并均匀分散，使竹炭粉兼具驱虫效果，当竹炭粉研磨到微米以下后将所有竹炭粉转移到离心分离机内，通过离心分离机实现对固液分离，然后使用真空干燥器进行干燥，去除竹炭颗粒中的水分，使用上述两部联合干燥的目的是一方面可以快速去除大量的研磨介质，另一方面可以实现对竹炭粉末的深度除水，整体效率较高。
步骤四，将步骤三中得到的纳米级竹炭粉加入聚酯纤维原液中经喷丝板喷丝制成竹炭纤维，其中步骤三中得到的纳米级竹炭粉的加入量为15%~20%，一方面可以通过填料的方式调整聚酯纤维的刚性，使其具有更好的拉伸强度，另一方面使纤维具有良好的吸湿透过性能，而且纤维的加工性能不受影响，得到的产品更适合用作床垫或者坐垫；
步骤五，将上一步骤得到的竹炭纤维与低熔点聚酯纤维混合后经开松、梳理、气流成网、针刺定型和烘烤后定型成为竹炭纤维棕成品，选用低熔点聚酯纤维4080的原因是竹炭纤维的基材也是聚酯材料，二者之间相容性更好，而所述低熔点聚酯纤维4080的添加量为10%~15%，可以保证整个混合体系在均匀状态下不会出现脱丝现象，所述烘烤定型温度为180℃~220℃，所述烘烤温度可以根据烘烤定型的时间决定，其中180℃一般只能满足低熔点聚酯纤维的表层融化要求，但是胶合用纤维的整体性较好，而220℃时已经可以满足低熔点聚酯纤维整体融化的要求，因此加工时间不能过长。
以上所述仅为本发明的实施例，并非因此限制本发明的专利范围，凡是利用本发明说明书内容所作的等效结构或等效流程变换，或直接或间接运用在其他相关的技术领域，均同理包括在本发明的专利保护范围内。

Claims (9)

1.一种竹炭纤维棕生产工艺，其特征在于，包括：所述竹炭纤维棕生产工艺包括以下步骤：
步骤一，取多年生毛竹为原料，经剪切后由竹子粉碎机破碎成竹粉；
步骤二，将步骤一得到竹粉送入真空炭化炉中加热至完全炭化成为竹炭粉；
步骤三，将步骤二中得到竹炭粉真空冷却后送入球磨机中球磨至直径不超过0.5um，并经除水程序后得到纳米级竹炭粉末；
步骤四，将步骤三中得到的纳米级竹炭粉加入聚酯纤维原液中经喷丝板喷丝制成竹炭纤维；
步骤五，将上一步骤得到的竹炭纤维与低熔点纤维混合后经开松、梳理、气流成网、针刺定型和烘烤粘合后成为竹炭纤维棕成品。
2.根据权利要求1所述的竹炭纤维棕生产工艺，其特征在于，所述步骤1中竹炭粉的粒度不超过40目。
3.根据权利要求1所述的竹炭纤维棕生产工艺，其特征在于，所述步骤三中球磨剂使用纯净水作为研磨介质。
4.根据权利要求3所述的竹炭纤维棕生产工艺，其特征在于，所述纯净水中添加有聚氨酯或丙烯酸酯类有机分散剂。
5.根据权利要求3所述的竹炭纤维棕生产工艺，其特征在于，所述研磨介质中还添加有2%~3%的除虫聚酯。
6.根据权利要求1所述的竹炭纤维棕生产工艺，其特征在于，所述步骤三中除水程序包括离心分离和真空干燥两步。
7.根据权利要求1所述的竹炭纤维棕生产工艺，其特征在于，所述步骤四中竹炭粉的加入量为15%~20%。
8.根据权利要求1所述的竹炭纤维棕生产工艺，其特征在于，所述低熔点聚酯的添加量为10%~15%。
9.根据权利要求1所述的竹炭纤维棕生产工艺，其特征在于，所述烘烤定型温度为180℃~220℃。
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CN114888914A (zh) * 2022-04-07 2022-08-12 江苏苏林木业有限公司 一种中高密度板中添加竹炭的方法

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