CN110981637A - Humic acid fertilizer capable of promoting plants to absorb nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a humic acid fertilizer capable of promoting plants to absorb nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, which is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by weight: 13-28% of humic acid powder, 16-30% of chitosan, 2-5% of boric acid, 2.5-4.5% of organic chelated titanium, 3-5% of KOM oil, 10-15% of urea, 4-6% of magnesium oxide, 10-13% of monopotassium phosphate, 5-7% of ammonium phosphate, 5-7% of potassium nitrate, 1.5-4% of citric acid, 1-2% of calcium acetate and 0.5-2% of EDDHA. The fertilizer further meets the requirements of the plants on trace elements and nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium elements in the whole growth period, has extremely high nutrient balanced absorption efficiency, simple preparation process, short period and quick response, and is suitable for batch production.

Description

Humic acid fertilizer capable of promoting plants to absorb nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium and preparation method thereof

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of agriculture, and particularly relates to a humic acid fertilizer capable of promoting plants to absorb nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium and a preparation method thereof.

Background

With the rapid development of society, the cultivated land area in China is gradually reduced, and due to a long-term unreasonable fertilization mode, soil hardening, soil poisoning, soil-borne diseases, soil acidification, soil salinization and the like in China are increasingly serious, the yield and the quality of crops are gradually reduced, and potential food safety hazards exist. The traditional compound fertilizer in the market is nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, the utilization rate is only about 30%, and residual nutrient components are lost, so that water eutrophication and other hazards are caused.

CN102086141B discloses a rhizosphere fertilizer for promoting crop root system absorption, which comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 43-47% of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, 10-14% of novel sulfur energy activating substance, 3-7% of humic acid, 4.5-5.5% of trace element, 3.5% of polyaspartic acid or urea formaldehyde and the balance of SO4^2-、H⁺、NH₄ ⁺The trace elements are a mixture of Zn, B, Mn, Mo, Fe, Ca and Mg, and a certain amount of novel sulfur energy activating substances (thioether) and medium and trace elements such as calcium, magnesium, iron, zinc, boron and the like which are necessary for crops are added, so that crop plants can be robust, physiological diseases are reduced, and the quality of agricultural products is improved; different from the technique employed in the present invention.

CN106007927A discloses an easily absorbable nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30-33 parts of potash feldspar, 30-33 parts of phosphorite, 130-135 parts of 65% phosphoric acid solution, a proper amount of concentrated ammonia water, 1-1.1 parts of baking soda, 10-11 parts of tea, 14-15 parts of coal gangue, 20-22 parts of cake meal, 8-9 parts of anise, 10-11 parts of momordica grosvenori residue, 7-8 parts of silkworm excrement, 14-15 parts of bentonite, 6-7 parts of carboxymethyl chitosan, 5-6 parts of isopropanol, 10-11 parts of 40% sodium hydroxide solution, 22-24 parts of 50% 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride aqueous solution, a proper amount of 10% hydrochloric acid solution, a proper amount of 80% methanol solution, a proper amount of absolute ethyl alcohol, 3-4 parts of polyvinyl alcohol and 1-1.2 parts of microbial powder. The soluble phosphorus and potassium component is obtained by soaking a reaction product of potassium feldspar, phosphorite and phosphoric acid in water, and ions with different charges dissolved out of the fertilizer core are adsorbed by the carboxymethyl chitosan through electrostatic force after reaction, so that the slow release performance of the fertilizer is enhanced, and the fertilizer is easy to absorb. The method for producing the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer by using the potassium feldspar is relatively complex in preparation method and long in preparation period.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides the humic acid fertilizer capable of promoting the absorption of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium by plants and the preparation method thereof, the requirements of the plants on trace elements, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium elements in the whole growth period are further met, the balanced nutrient absorption efficiency is extremely high, the preparation process is simple, the period is short, the effect is fast, and the humic acid fertilizer is suitable for batch production.

The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provides a humic acid fertilizer capable of promoting plants to absorb nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, which comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 13-28% of humic acid powder, 16-30% of chitosan, 2-5% of boric acid, 2.5-4.5% of organic chelated titanium, 3-5% of KOM oil, 10-15% of urea, 4-6% of magnesium oxide, 10-13% of monopotassium phosphate, 5-7% of ammonium phosphate, 5-7% of potassium nitrate, 1.5-4% of citric acid, 1-2% of calcium acetate and 0.5-2% of EDDHA.

Preferably, the particle size of the humic acid powder is 80-120 meshes, and the content of humic acid is 45% -65%.

Preferably, the chitosan comprises chitosan with a molecular weight of 30 ten thousand and chitosan with a molecular weight of 2000.

Further, the ratio of chitosan with molecular weight of 30 ten thousand to chitosan with molecular weight of 2000 is 5: 1.

Preferably, the organic chelated titanium comprises the following components in percentage by weight: TiO2 is more than or equal to 15 percent, organic chelate organic matter is more than or equal to 33 percent, and ammonium nitrogen is more than or equal to 12 percent.

In addition, the invention also provides a preparation method of the humic acid fertilizer capable of promoting plants to absorb nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, which comprises the following steps:

(1) adding 500 parts of water into a reaction kettle, adding organic chelated titanium and chitosan, stirring uniformly, adding calcium acetate, dissolving, adding EDDHA, stirring uniformly, heating to 40-65 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 1-2 hours;

(2) after the reaction is completed, adding humic acid powder, boric acid, KOM oil and citric acid, heating to 50-80 ℃, and reacting for 0.5-1 h;

(3) adding urea, magnesium oxide, monopotassium phosphate, ammonium phosphate and potassium nitrate into a reaction kettle, keeping the temperature at 50-80 ℃, and reacting for 0.5-1 h;

(4) and cooling and filtering the materials in the reaction kettle to obtain filtrate, namely the humic acid fertilizer for promoting the absorption of the plant on the nitrogen, the phosphorus and the potassium.

The humic acid is matched with chitosan, KOM oil and organic chelated titanium for use, the humic acid contains functional groups such as carboxyl, phenolic hydroxyl and the like, has stronger complexing, chelating and surface adsorption capacities, can reduce the loss of ammonium nitrogen, increase the movement distance of phosphorus in soil, inhibit the fixation of soil to water-soluble phosphorus, convert ineffective phosphorus into effective phosphorus, promote the absorption of root systems to phosphorus, can absorb and store potassium ions, and improve the content of effective potassium, particularly has obvious synergism to potassium fertilizers; the chitosan quaternary ammonium group with positive charges and the carboxyl group with negative charges can adsorb ions with different charges dissolved out of the fertilizer core through electrostatic attraction acting force, and the adsorbed ions can be released after the adsorbed ions are desorbed by overcoming the electrostatic attraction acting force, so that the release speed is reduced, the slow release effect and the good water retention effect of the fertilizer are enhanced, pathogenic bacteria are killed, and the micro-ecological environment of soil is optimized; the KOM oil contains a synergist, so that the utilization rate of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium can be improved by more than 30-40%, and contains phosphorus increasing, potassium dissolving and phytoalexin factors, so that the solidification of phosphorus and potassium in soil can be relieved, crops can be fully absorbed and utilized, and the surface resistance of the crops can be improved; meanwhile, the organic chelated titanium containing extremely high organic matters and ammonium nitrogen is used in a matching manner, the titanium is a beneficial element capable of enhancing the physiological activity of plants, the photosynthesis can be enhanced, the chlorophyll content and the peroxidase activity are improved, and the absorption and the operation of the plants on nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and other trace elements are promoted, so that the organic chelated titanium can supplement the nutrition of the plants and greatly promote the absorption and the utilization of the plants on the nutrient components.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be further described with reference to specific examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.

Example 1

The humic acid fertilizer capable of promoting plants to absorb nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 13g of humic acid powder, 29g of chitosan, 3g of boric acid, 4g of organic chelated titanium, 3g of KOM oil, 14g of urea, 5g of magnesium oxide, 12g of monopotassium phosphate, 6g of ammonium phosphate, 5g of potassium nitrate, 3g of citric acid, 1.5g of calcium acetate and 1.5g of EDDHA1.

The humic acid fertilizer capable of promoting the absorption of plants on nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium is prepared according to the following method:

(1) adding 500 parts of water into a reaction kettle, adding organic chelated titanium and chitosan, stirring uniformly, adding calcium acetate, dissolving, adding EDDHA, stirring uniformly, heating to 40-65 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 1-2 hours;

(2) after the reaction is completed, adding humic acid powder, boric acid, KOM oil and citric acid, heating to 50-80 ℃, and reacting for 0.5-1 h;

(3) adding urea, magnesium oxide, monopotassium phosphate, ammonium phosphate and potassium nitrate into a reaction kettle, keeping the temperature at 50-80 ℃, and reacting for 0.5-1 h;

(4) and cooling and filtering the materials in the reaction kettle to obtain filtrate, namely the humic acid fertilizer for promoting the absorption of the plant on the nitrogen, the phosphorus and the potassium.

Example 2

The humic acid fertilizer capable of promoting plants to absorb nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 18g of humic acid powder, 25g of chitosan, 4g of boric acid, 3g of organic chelated titanium, 4g of KOM oil, 11g of urea, 6g of magnesium oxide, 10g of monopotassium phosphate, 7g of ammonium phosphate, 6g of potassium nitrate, 3g of citric acid, 2g of calcium acetate and EDDHA1 g.

The humic acid fertilizer capable of promoting the absorption of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium by plants is prepared according to the method of the embodiment 1.

Example 3

The humic acid fertilizer capable of promoting plants to absorb nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 25g of humic acid powder, 18g of chitosan, 5g of boric acid, 2.5g of organic chelated titanium, 4g of KOM oil, 11g of urea, 6g of magnesium oxide, 10g of monopotassium phosphate, 7g of ammonium phosphate, 7g of potassium nitrate, 2g of citric acid, 2g of calcium acetate and 0.5g of EDDHA0.

The humic acid fertilizer capable of promoting the absorption of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium by plants is prepared according to the method of the embodiment 1.

Example 4

The humic acid fertilizer capable of promoting plants to absorb nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 28g of humic acid powder, 16g of chitosan, 2g of boric acid, 2.5g of organic chelated titanium, 5g of KOM oil, 10g of urea, 6g of magnesium oxide, 11g of monopotassium phosphate, 7g of ammonium phosphate, 7g of potassium nitrate, 4g of citric acid, 1g of calcium acetate and 0.5g of EDDHA0.

The humic acid fertilizer capable of promoting the absorption of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium by plants is prepared according to the method of the embodiment 1.

The humic acid fertilizer capable of promoting the absorption of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium by plants is respectively used for planting experiments of corn, radish and rice, 1 mu of planting bases are respectively selected, wherein 0.5 mu of the planting bases adopts compound fertilizer produced by Zhongxianhui red square fertilizer industry ltd as a control group, and the rest 0.5 mu of the planting bases adopts the humic acid fertilizer capable of promoting the absorption of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium by plants.

TABLE 1 Experimental results for maize

	Control group	Example 1	Example 2	Example 3	Example 4
						Application amount of kg/mu	40	30	30	30	30
Yield kg/mu	572.4	687.7	693.5	679.3	683.7

TABLE 2 radish test results

TABLE 3 Experimental results for Rice

	Control group	Example 1	Example 2	Example 3	Example 4
						Application amount of kg/mu	50	35	35	35	35
Yield kg/mu	3541.4	3786.3	3789.4	3742.6	3753.8

The experimental results in the table show that the humic acid fertilizer capable of promoting the absorption of the plants on nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium can reduce the application amount of the fertilizer, promote the absorption and utilization of the plants on nutrient components and improve the yield, and meanwhile, the humic acid fertilizer has the advantages of easily available raw materials, low raw material cost, simple preparation process, short period and quick response, and is suitable for batch production.

Although the present application has been described with reference to a few embodiments, it should be understood that various changes, substitutions and alterations can be made herein without departing from the spirit and scope of the application as defined by the appended claims.

Claims (6)

1. A humic acid fertilizer capable of promoting plants to absorb nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by weight: 13-28% of humic acid powder, 16-30% of chitosan, 2-5% of boric acid, 2.5-4.5% of organic chelated titanium, 3-5% of KOM oil, 10-15% of urea, 4-6% of magnesium oxide, 10-13% of monopotassium phosphate, 5-7% of ammonium phosphate, 5-7% of potassium nitrate, 1.5-4% of citric acid, 1-2% of calcium acetate and 0.5-2% of EDDHA.

2. The humic acid fertilizer capable of promoting plants to absorb nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium according to claim 1, wherein the particle size of the humic acid powder is 80-120 meshes, and the content of humic acid is 45% -65%.

3. The humic acid fertilizer capable of promoting plants to absorb nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium according to claim 1, wherein the chitosan comprises chitosan with molecular weight of 30 ten thousand and chitosan with molecular weight of 2000.

4. The humic acid fertilizer capable of promoting plants to absorb nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium according to claim 3, wherein the ratio of the chitosan with the molecular weight of 30 ten thousand to the chitosan with the molecular weight of 2000 is 5: 1.

5. The humic acid fertilizer capable of promoting plants to absorb nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium according to claim 1, wherein the organic chelated titanium comprises the following components in percentage by weight: TiO2₂Not less than 15%, organic chelating agent not less than 33% and ammonium nitrogen not less than 12%.

6. A process for preparing a humic acid fertilizer capable of promoting the absorption of NPK by plants as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5 which comprises the steps of:

(1) adding 500 parts of water into a reaction kettle, adding organic chelated titanium and chitosan, stirring uniformly, adding calcium acetate, dissolving, adding EDDHA, stirring uniformly, heating to 40-65 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 1-2 hours;

(2) after the reaction is completed, adding humic acid powder, boric acid, KOM oil and citric acid, heating to 50-80 ℃, and reacting for 0.5-1 h;

(3) adding urea, magnesium oxide, monopotassium phosphate, ammonium phosphate and potassium nitrate into a reaction kettle, keeping the temperature at 50-80 ℃, and reacting for 0.5-1 h;

(4) and cooling and filtering the materials in the reaction kettle to obtain filtrate, namely the humic acid fertilizer for promoting the absorption of the plant on the nitrogen, the phosphorus and the potassium.