CN110972961A - System for experimental animal environment simulation - Google Patents
System for experimental animal environment simulation Download PDFInfo
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- CN110972961A CN110972961A CN201911408738.0A CN201911408738A CN110972961A CN 110972961 A CN110972961 A CN 110972961A CN 201911408738 A CN201911408738 A CN 201911408738A CN 110972961 A CN110972961 A CN 110972961A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K1/00—Housing animals; Equipment therefor
- A01K1/02—Pigsties; Dog-kennels; Rabbit-hutches or the like
- A01K1/03—Housing for domestic or laboratory animals
- A01K1/031—Cages for laboratory animals; Cages for measuring metabolism of animals
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K1/00—Housing animals; Equipment therefor
- A01K1/0047—Air-conditioning, e.g. ventilation, of animal housings
- A01K1/0058—Construction of air inlets or outlets in roofs
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K29/00—Other apparatus for animal husbandry
- A01K29/005—Monitoring or measuring activity, e.g. detecting heat or mating
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- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a system for simulating the environment of experimental animals, which comprises: at least one independent cage for feeding experimental animals; the independent ventilation cage IVC device is used for supplying air to the at least one independent cage and discharging waste gas in the at least one independent cage, and comprises a cage air supply channel, an air supply filtering system, a cage air exhaust channel and an air exhaust filtering system; and the gas blending equipment comprises a mixing device and a plurality of gas transmission pipelines, wherein the gas transmission pipelines are respectively used for inputting different gases, each gas outlet end of the gas transmission pipeline is connected with the gas inlet end of the mixing device, and the gas outlet end of the mixing device is connected with the IVC equipment. According to the system disclosed by the invention, the environmental simulation experiment of long-term exposure can be carried out on the experimental animal in a clean facility.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention generally relates to the field of animal testing techniques. And more particularly to a system for environmental simulation of laboratory animals.
Background
With the development of the human industrial technology, the emission amount of greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide, toxic and harmful gases, inhalable particles, dust and the like is increasing, the living environment of human beings is changing, and the influence of the composition and quality of air, the intensity of ultraviolet rays and the like on human beings is difficult to count and predict. Animal experiments are often involved in medical experiments to predict the extent of human impact based on the results of the experiments. Therefore, it is a hot spot of research today to study the degree of tolerance of the experimental animal to environmental changes and physiological changes of the experimental animal, which is of reference significance for studying the degree of tolerance of human beings to environmental changes and physiological changes of human beings, and also for drug development, biological research, etc., and there is a lack of a device or system suitable for the research, especially an environmental experimental device or system suitable for long-term exposure of the experimental animal, which can be arranged in a clean facility (e.g., an animal room). If the experimental animal is taken out from the original clean breeding environment (such as an animal house) and then is tested, the unicity of the simulation condition cannot be ensured, thereby influencing the accuracy and reliability of the experimental result.
Disclosure of Invention
To address at least the deficiencies of the prior art described in the background section above, the present invention provides a system for environmental simulation of laboratory animals, comprising: at least one independent cage for feeding experimental animals; the independent ventilation cage IVC device is used for supplying air into the at least one independent cage and discharging waste gas in the at least one independent cage, and comprises a cage air supply channel, an air supply filtering system, a cage air exhaust channel and an air exhaust filtering system, wherein the cage air supply channel is connected with an inlet of the at least one independent cage, the air supply filtering system is connected with the cage air supply channel, the cage air exhaust channel is connected with an outlet of the at least one independent cage, and the air exhaust filtering system is connected with the cage air exhaust channel so as to filter the discharged waste gas; and the gas blending equipment comprises a mixing device and a plurality of gas transmission pipelines, wherein the gas transmission pipelines are respectively used for inputting different gases, each gas outlet end of the gas transmission pipeline is connected with the gas inlet end of the mixing device, and the gas outlet end of the mixing device is connected with the IVC equipment.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the supply air filtration system comprises a primary filter, a secondary filter and a high efficiency filter, wherein the secondary filter is arranged between the primary filter and the high efficiency filter; the high-efficiency filter is arranged between the medium-efficiency filter and the cage box air supply channel; the air outlet end of the mixing device is connected to at least one of the positions between the high-efficiency filter and the cage box air supply channel and between the primary filter and the intermediate filter.
According to another embodiment of the present invention, further comprising a humidifier and a temperature controller, at least one of the humidifier and the temperature controller being arranged between the primary filter and the secondary filter or before the primary filter.
According to a further embodiment of the invention, the mixing device comprises a multi-stage mixer.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the multistage mixers are connected in sequence, the air inlet end of the first stage mixer in the multistage mixers is connected with the air outlet ends of the plurality of air conveying pipelines, and the air outlet end of the last stage mixer in the multistage mixers is connected with the IVC equipment.
According to another embodiment of the invention, one or more gas sensors and an automatic control valve are arranged at the gas outlet end of each stage of mixer in the multi-stage mixer, and the one or more gas sensors are used for sensing the gas composition at the gas outlet end of each stage of mixer; and the automatic control valve is used for automatically controlling the gas at the gas outlet end of the mixer to enter the next mixer or return to the mixer according to the gas composition.
According to still another embodiment of the present invention, the multistage mixer comprises a primary mixer, a secondary mixer and a final mixer, the inlet end of the primary mixer is connected with the outlet end of the gas pipeline, and the outlet end of the primary mixer is connected with the inlet end of the secondary mixer; the gas outlet end of the secondary mixer is connected with the gas inlet end of the primary mixer and the gas inlet end of the final mixer, and one or more gas sensors and automatic control valves are arranged at the gas outlet end of the secondary mixer; and the air outlet end of the final-stage mixer is connected with the IVC equipment.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, further comprising an environment sensing device arranged within the at least one independent cage to sense the environmental parameter within the at least one independent cage when environmental parameter sensing is performed; the data acquisition device is arranged on the experimental animal body in the at least one independent cage box during data acquisition and is used for acquiring physiological parameters of the experimental animal; and the general control device is connected with the environment sensing device, the data acquisition device, the IVC equipment and the gas allocation equipment, is used for receiving the environment parameters fed back by the environment sensing device and the physiological parameters fed back by the data acquisition device, and changes the environmental conditions in the at least one independent cage box by controlling the IVC equipment and the gas allocation equipment so as to monitor or analyze the change condition of the physiological parameters of the experimental animal under different environmental conditions.
According to another embodiment of the present invention, further comprising: a cage for holding the at least one independent cage box; a lighting device arranged on the cage for changing lighting conditions within the at least one individual cage on the cage; the master control device is further connected with the lighting equipment to control the illumination conditions in the at least one independent cage box.
According to yet another embodiment of the present invention, the data acquisition device is a patch-type or wearable acquisition device, wherein the wearable acquisition device has a leg clearance hole.
Through the above description of the solution of the present invention and its embodiments, those skilled in the art can understand that the system of the present invention can allocate the required simulated gas components sent into at least one independent cage through the gas allocating equipment, and filter through the IVC equipment or mix with the clean air filtered through the IVC equipment, so as to ensure the singleness of the simulated conditions in the cage and the accuracy of the experimental results. According to the system, the experimental animal can be subjected to the long-term exposed environment simulation experiment without taking out the experimental animal from an independent cage or an animal house, and the monitoring of chronic and long-term influence under the simulated environment condition is facilitated.
Drawings
The above and other objects, features and advantages of exemplary embodiments of the present invention will become readily apparent from the following detailed description read in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In the accompanying drawings, several embodiments of the present invention are illustrated by way of example and not by way of limitation, and like reference numerals designate like or corresponding parts throughout the several views, in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram generally illustrating a system for environmental simulation of an experimental animal in accordance with the present invention;
2-3 are diagrams illustrating various embodiments of an IVC apparatus according to the present invention;
4-6 are diagrams illustrating various embodiments of a gas dispensing device according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram illustrating a system according to an embodiment of the invention; and
fig. 8a and 8b are schematic diagrams illustrating various embodiments of a data acquisition device according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
Embodiments will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. It will be appreciated that for simplicity and clarity of illustration, where considered appropriate, reference numerals may be repeated among the figures to indicate corresponding or analogous elements. In addition, this application sets forth numerous specific details in order to provide a thorough understanding of the embodiments described herein. However, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that the embodiments described herein may be practiced without these specific details. In other instances, well-known methods, procedures, and components have not been described in detail so as not to obscure the embodiments described herein. Moreover, this description is not to be taken as limiting the scope of the embodiments described herein.
The invention generally provides a system for experimental animal environment simulation, which maintains a clean feeding environment of experimental animals through IVC equipment, regulates required gas environment conditions through a gas regulating device and the like, can be sent into at least one independent cage through the IVC equipment, can simulate the living environment of the experimental animals according to requirements, and can ensure the singleness of experimental conditions, thereby ensuring the accuracy and reliability of experimental results. Through the following description, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention can further improve the uniformity of the mixed gas by the arrangement of the multistage mixer of the gas blending device, and can continuously provide the required gas to meet the requirements of the environmental simulation experiment on the long-term exposure of the experimental animal.
Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram generally illustrating a system for environmental simulation of an experimental animal according to the present invention. As shown in fig. 1, there is provided a system for environmental simulation of an experimental animal, comprising: at least one independent cage 100 for feeding experimental animals; an independent aeration cage IVC device 200 (shown in dashed outline) for feeding air into the at least one independent cage 100 and exhausting exhaust air from the at least one independent cage 100, the IVC device 200 comprising a cage air feed channel 210, an air feed filter system 220, a cage air exhaust channel 230, and an air exhaust filter system 240, wherein the cage air feed channel 210 is connected to the inlet 110 of the at least one independent cage 100, the air feed filter system 220 is connected to the cage air feed channel 210, the cage air exhaust channel 230 is connected to the outlet 120 of the at least one independent cage 100, and the air exhaust filter system 240 is connected to the cage air exhaust channel 230 for filtering the exhaust air exhausted; and a gas blending apparatus 300 (shown by a dashed box), comprising a mixing device 310 and a plurality of gas transmission pipelines 320-1, 320-2, 320-3, 320-4, wherein the plurality of gas transmission pipelines 320-1, 320-2, 320-3, 320-4 are respectively used for inputting different gases, the gas outlet end of each gas transmission pipeline is connected with the gas inlet end of the mixing device 310, and the gas outlet end of the mixing device 310 is connected with the IVC apparatus 200.
The at least one individual cage 100 described hereinabove may be closed and may have at least one inlet 110 and at least one outlet 120 for ventilation from the outside. The at least one individual cage 100 may comprise one or more to house one or more laboratory animals. At least one individual cage 100 according to the invention can be used for environmental simulation experiments while feeding laboratory animals. The independent ventilation cage IVC device 200 can send clean air flow into at least one independent cage 100, discharge waste gas generated by at least one independent cage 100, and effectively prevent infection among animals, so that an environment simulation experiment can be performed under the condition of ensuring the survival of experimental animals, and other interference factors which may influence physiological parameters of the experimental animals in the experiment process are eliminated. Further, the gas pressure within the at least one individual cage 100 may be controlled by controlling the amount of gas that the IVC apparatus 200 feeds into the at least one individual cage 100 and the amount of exhaust gas that is exhausted from the at least one individual cage 100.
The cage air supply channel 210 of the IVC device 200 is used to supply air into at least one individual cage 100 and may be connected directly or indirectly to the inlet 110 of the at least one individual cage 100. The cage exhaust passage 230 of the IVC device 200 is for receiving exhaust air from at least one individual cage 100 and may be directly or indirectly connected to the outlet 120 of the at least one individual cage 100. For example, in one embodiment, the system according to the present invention may further comprise a cage for housing the at least one individual cage 100 and having thereon a supply manifold connected to an inlet of each individual cage, an exhaust manifold connected to an outlet of each individual cage, and a supply manifold connected to the at least one supply manifold and an exhaust manifold connected to the at least one exhaust manifold; the cage air supply channel 210 of the IVC device 200 can be connected to an air supply manifold, thereby indirectly connecting with the inlet of at least one individual cage; the cage exhaust channel 230 of the IVC device 200 can be connected to an exhaust manifold, and thus indirectly to the outlet of at least one individual cage.
The air supply filtering system 220 is connected to the cage air supply passage 210 to filter the outside air and supply the filtered air to the cage air supply passage 210. Filters may be included within the supply air filtration system 220. In one embodiment, the supply air filtration system 220 includes a primary filter, a mid-stage filter, and a high-stage filter. In another embodiment, the supply air filtration system 220 includes a mid-stage filter and a high-stage filter. The supply air filtration system 220 may further include an air inlet for receiving ambient air, which in one embodiment may be disposed before the primary filter so that incoming air may flow through the primary filter, the intermediate filter, and the high-stage filter in sequence into the cage supply air passage 210. In another embodiment, the air inlet may be disposed before the mid-stage filter so that the incoming air may flow through the mid-stage filter and the high-stage filter in sequence into the cage supply air passage 210. The supply air filter system 220 may or may not be connected to the discharge air filter system 240. The exhaust filter system 240 is connected to the cage exhaust duct 230 for receiving exhaust air discharged through the cage exhaust duct 230, filtering it, and discharging it to, for example, the external environment. The exhaust filtration system 240 may include one or more filters. The exhaust filter system 240 may further include a gas exhaust for exhausting the filtered exhaust gas to the ambient environment.
The mixing device 310 of the gas blending apparatus 300 described above may be directly or indirectly connected to the plurality of gas lines 320-1, 320-2, 320-3, 320-4, and the outlet ends of the plurality of gas lines 320-1, 320-2, 320-3, 320-4 may be connected to a plurality of inlet ends of the mixing device 310 or may be connected to one inlet end of the mixing device 310. In one embodiment, the mixing device 310 may include multiple inlet ends for connecting to the outlet ends of multiple gas lines 320-1, 320-2, 320-3, 320-4, respectively. In another embodiment, the mixing device 310 may have an inlet end, and the outlet ends of the plurality of gas lines 320-1, 320-2, 320-3, 320-4 are connected to a gas delivery manifold, which is connected to the inlet end of the mixing device 310 to mix the plurality of gases and send the mixed gases to the mixing device 310 for further mixing.
The air inlet ends of the air delivery lines 320-1, 320-2, 320-3, 320-4 can be connected to different air sources for respectively delivering different kinds of air. The plurality of gas lines 320-1, 320-2, 320-3, 320-4 may be used to input gases such as oxygen, nitrogen, carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide, dust-containing gases, particulate matter-containing gases, microorganism-containing gases, aerosols, or other toxic and harmful gases, respectively. The gas transmission pipelines 320-1, 320-2, 320-3 and 320-4 can be respectively provided with a valve, so that the gas input of the gas transmission pipelines can be opened or closed, and the flow rate of the gas transmitted by the gas transmission pipelines can be adjusted, thereby controlling the proportion of the gas transmission pipelines and preparing the mixed gas meeting the requirements.
The mixing device 310 described above is used to mix the gas delivered to each gas line to make it uniform, and then deliver the mixed gas to the IVC apparatus 200 to enter at least one individual cage 100. The outlet end of the mixing device 310 may be directly connected to the IVC apparatus 200 or indirectly connected thereto. The location at which the outlet end of the mixing device 310 is connected to the IVC apparatus 200 can be adjusted as desired. In one embodiment, the gas outlet end of the mixing device 310 is connected to the air inlet of the IVC apparatus 200, so that the mixed gas output by the mixing device 310 is filtered by the IVC apparatus 200 and then sent to at least one independent cage 100. In another embodiment, the gas outlet end of the mixing device 310 is connected to the cage air supply channel 210 of the IVC apparatus 200, so that the mixed gas output by the mixing device 310 directly enters at least one independent cage 100 without being filtered by the IVC apparatus 200.
While the system according to the present invention is generally described above in connection with fig. 1, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the system shown in fig. 1 is exemplary and not limiting, and that those skilled in the art may make modifications as needed, for example, the structure of the mixing device 310 is not limited to that shown in the figures, and in one embodiment, the mixing device 310 may comprise a multi-stage mixer. The number of the plurality of gas lines 320-1, 320-2, 320-3, 320-4 is not limited to four as shown in the drawings, and may be more or less as needed. The arrangement of the IVC apparatus 200 is not limited to that shown in FIG. 1, for example, in one embodiment, one or more gas sensors may also be arranged on the cage supply air passage 210 for sensing the composition of the mixed gas supplied into at least one individual cage 100. The structure of the IVC device 200 will now be described in an exemplary manner with reference to FIG. 2.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating a system according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 2, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the supply air filtering system 220 may include a primary filter 221, a middle filter 222, and a high efficiency filter 223, wherein the middle filter 222 is disposed between the primary filter 221 and the high efficiency filter 223; the high efficiency filter 223 is disposed between the middle efficiency filter 222 and the cage box air supply passage 210; the air outlet end of the mixing device 310 is connected to at least one of the space between the high efficiency filter 223 and the cage air supply passage 210 and the space between the primary filter 221 and the intermediate filter 222.
As shown in FIG. 2, the cage box air supply channel 210 of the IVC device of the system is connected with the inlet 110 of at least one independent cage box 100, the cage box air exhaust channel 230 is connected between the exhaust filtering system 240 and the outlet 120 of at least one independent cage box 100, and the at least one independent cage box 100, the plurality of air pipelines 320-1, 320-2, 320-3, 320-4 and the like are the same as or similar to those shown in FIG. 1, and are explained in detail in the foregoing, and are not repeated herein. One embodiment of the supply air filtration system 220 and the manner in which the mixing apparatus 310 is connected thereto will now be described by way of example with reference to fig. 2.
The primary filter 221, the intermediate filter 222, and the high efficiency filter 223 described above may be used to filter particulate matter, dust, etc. from the gas flowing therethrough. The air outlet end of the mixing device 310 is connected to at least one of the space between the high efficiency filter 223 and the cage air supply passage 210 and the space between the primary filter 221 and the intermediate filter 222. For example, in one embodiment, the outlet of the mixing device 310 is connected between the high efficiency filter 223 and the cage supply air passage 210, and can be used to introduce air containing dust, particulate matter, microorganisms, aerosols, etc. to avoid the filtering action of the supply air filtering system 220. In another embodiment, the gas outlet end of the mixing device 310 is connected between the primary filter 221 and the middle filter 222, and can be used for inputting toxic and harmful gases containing carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide, formaldehyde and the like, and the toxic and harmful gases are sequentially filtered by the middle filter 222 and the high efficiency filter 223, so as to eliminate the influence of undesirable simulation factors such as particles in the gases. In yet another embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the air outlet of the mixing device 310 is connected between the high efficiency filter 223 and the cage box air supply channel 210 and between the primary filter 221 and the middle efficiency filter 222, and can be used for inputting the gas containing dust, particles, microorganisms, aerosol, etc. and the poisonous and harmful gas containing carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide, formaldehyde, etc. from different positions of the air supply filtering system 220.
While the above description of the present invention is provided with reference to fig. 2 for illustrating an embodiment of the present invention in which the supply air filtering system 220 and the mixing device 310 are connected, those skilled in the art may adjust the system structure shown in fig. 2 as needed, for example, the connection position of the mixing device 310 and the supply air filtering system 220 may be adjusted as needed. The number of filters in the supply air filtering system 220 may be more or less according to the requirement, for example, according to a modification of the present embodiment, the supply air filtering system 220 may include a middle-effect filter 222 and a high-effect filter 223, wherein the high-effect filter 223 is disposed between the middle-effect filter 222 and the cage supply air passage 210; the air outlet end of the mixing device 310 is connected to at least one of between the high efficiency filter 223 and the cage box air supply passage 210 and in front of the middle efficiency filter 222. The position before the middle-effect filter 222 refers to the position before the gas flows through the middle-effect filter 222 and the high-effect filter 223. In one embodiment, the supply air filtration system 220 has an air inlet, and the middle filter 222 is preceded by a position between the middle filter 222 and the air inlet. The construction and arrangement of the supply air filter system 220 is not limited to that shown in fig. 2 and will be described below in conjunction with fig. 3.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating a system according to an embodiment of the present invention. The system shown in fig. 3 is different from the system shown in fig. 2 in that a humidifier 224 and a temperature controller 225 may be further included, and at least one of the humidifier 224 and the temperature controller 225 may be disposed between the primary filter 221 and the intermediate filter 222 or before the primary filter 221. The at least one individual cage 100 and its inlet 110 and outlet 120, the cage supply air channel 210, the supply air filter system 220, the exhaust air filter system 240, the cage exhaust air channel 230, the mixing device 310, and the plurality of air lines 320-1, 320-2, 320-3, 320-4, etc., shown in fig. 3, have been described in detail above in connection with fig. 2 and will not be described again here.
The system according to the embodiment of the present invention is described above with reference to fig. 3, and can be adjusted as needed by those skilled in the art, for example, the arrangement positions of the humidifier 224 and the temperature controller 225 can be adjusted as needed. In one embodiment, the temperature controller 225 and the humidifier 224 may be coupled to a mixing device 310. In another embodiment, the temperature controller 225 and the humidifier 224 may be disposed within at least one separate cage 100. The structure, size, etc. of the mixing device 310 may be arranged as desired, and various embodiments of the mixing device 310 according to the present invention will be described below with reference to fig. 4 to 6.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the mixing device 310 may include a multi-stage mixer. Each stage of mixers may comprise at least one mixer. The mixing times can be increased and the volume of each mixer can be reduced by arranging a plurality of mixers, the mixing times are more uniform, and the volume of each mixer is reduced, so that the mixers can be placed in a limited space (such as an animal house). With respect to the arrangement and connection relationship of the multi-stage mixers, there may be various arrangements, for example, as shown in fig. 4, the multi-stage mixers (e.g., 311, 312, 313, etc. in the figure) may be connected in sequence, the air inlet end of the first stage mixer (e.g., 311) of the multi-stage mixers 311, 312, 313 is connected to the air outlet ends of the plurality of air transmission pipelines 320-1, 320-2, 320-3, 320-4, and the air outlet end of the last stage mixer (e.g., 313) of the multi-stage mixers 311, 312, 313 is connected to the IVC device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in FIG. 4, the mixing device 310 (shown in phantom) may include a plurality of mixers (311, 312, 313, etc.) connected in series to enable the gases input from the plurality of gas lines 320-1, 320-2, 320-3, 320-4 to be mixed thoroughly. The first stage mixer (e.g., 311) is a vessel for receiving and initially mixing the gas from multiple gas sources. The last mixer (e.g., 313) is a container for storing the mixed gas that has been mixed and is capable of continuously providing the mixed gas to the IVC device. In another embodiment, the gas inlet end of one or more mixers (e.g., 312) between the first mixer and the last mixer may also be connected to one or more gas lines to provide for gradual mixing of the gases in the multi-stage mixers 311, 312, 313, which may be useful, for example, in situations where a complex mixture of gases is desired.
While the structure of the mixing device in which the multi-stage mixers are sequentially connected has been described above with reference to fig. 4, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the structure of the mixing device 310 shown in fig. 4 is exemplary and not limiting, and for example, the connection of the plurality of gas lines 320-1, 320-2, 320-3, 320-4 to the first-stage mixer 311 is not limited to the separate connection shown in the drawing, but may be connected to one of the gas inlets of the first-stage mixer 311. The number of multistage mixers is not limited to three in the drawing, and may be more or less as needed. Another arrangement of the multi-stage mixer will be described with reference to fig. 5.
According to another embodiment of the invention, one or more gas sensors and an automatic control valve are arranged at the gas outlet end of each stage of mixer in the multi-stage mixer, and the one or more gas sensors are used for sensing the gas composition at the gas outlet end of each stage of mixer; and the automatic control valve is used for automatically controlling the gas at the gas outlet end of the mixer to enter the next mixer or return to the mixer according to the gas composition. As shown in FIG. 5, the gas blending apparatus may include a mixing device 310 and a plurality of gas lines 320-1, 320-2, 320-3, 320-4, the arrangement of the mixing device 310 being described in detail below with reference to the figures.
The mixing apparatus 310 (shown by a dotted line block) shown in fig. 5 may include multi-stage mixers 311, 312, 313, etc., wherein a gas sensor 330-1 and an automatic control valve 340-1 are disposed at the gas outlet of the first-stage mixer 311, and the gas sensor 330-1 is used for sensing the gas composition at the gas outlet of the first-stage mixer 311; the gas outlet end of the second-stage mixer 312 is provided with a gas sensor 330-2 and an automatic control valve 340-2, wherein the gas sensor 330-2 is used for sensing the gas composition at the gas outlet end of the second-stage mixer 312; the gas outlet end of the third-stage mixer 313 is provided with a gas sensor 330-3 and an automatic control valve 340-3, and the gas sensor 330-3 is used for sensing the gas composition at the gas outlet end of the third-stage mixer 313.
The gas sensor at the gas outlet end of each mixer is connected with the automatic control valve at the gas outlet end of the mixer in a wired or wireless mode, and the automatic control valve is respectively connected with the gas outlet end and the gas inlet end of the mixer in the current stage and the gas inlet end of the mixer in the next stage. The automatic control valve receives gas composition data fed back by the gas sensor and judges the data so as to automatically control the gas at the gas outlet end of the mixer of the current stage to enter the next mixer or return to the mixer of the current stage. For example, in one embodiment, the automatic control valve determines that the received gas composition data is within a predetermined gas composition range, and automatically controls the flow of gas through the next mixer stage. In another embodiment, the automatic control valve determines that the received gas composition data exceeds or does not reach the preset gas composition range, and automatically controls the gas flowing through the automatic control valve to return to the mixer of the stage for re-mixing. The mixer of this stage is the mixer in which the automatic control valve and the gas sensor connected thereto are arranged.
As shown in fig. 5, the automatic control valve 340-1 may determine whether the gas composition range satisfies a predetermined gas composition range according to the gas composition of the mixed gas at the gas outlet end of the first-stage mixer 311 fed back by the gas sensor 330-1, so as to automatically control the mixed gas output by the first-stage mixer 311 to enter the second-stage mixer 312 or return to the first-stage mixer 311; the automatic control valve 340-2 can judge whether a preset gas composition range is met according to the gas composition of the mixed gas at the gas outlet end of the second-stage mixer 312 fed back by the gas sensor 330-2, so as to automatically control the mixed gas output by the second-stage mixer 312 to enter the third-stage mixer 313 or return to the second-stage mixer 312; the automatic control valve 340-3 may determine whether the gas composition range satisfies a predetermined gas composition range according to the gas composition of the gas mixture at the gas outlet end of the third-stage mixer 313 fed back by the gas sensor 330-3, so as to automatically control the gas mixture output by the third-stage mixer 313 to enter the next-stage mixer or return to the third-stage mixer 313. In another embodiment, the third mixer 313 is the last mixer, so that if the automatic control valve determines that the composition of the mixed gas output from the gas outlet of the third mixer 313 meets the requirement, the flow of the gas can be automatically controlled to enter the IVC device connected with the automatic control valve.
According to such setting, can the accurate composition of the gas mixture in the monitoring blender to through control step by step, can predetermine gaseous composition scope through for example the adjustment, adjust multistage blender's the mixed precision step by step, with the meticulous ratio flow that forms coarse mixing, fine mixing, qualified gas mixture, thereby guarantee the accuracy of experimental conditions. Furthermore, the technicians in the field can set the series of the multistage mixers according to the needs, so that the last stage of mixer can be used for storing qualified mixed gas, continuous gas supply can be ensured, the requirement of long-term exposure environment simulation experiments of experimental animals is met, and the stability and the reliability of experimental conditions are ensured.
While one arrangement of the mixing device 310 according to the present invention is described above with reference to fig. 5, it can be set as required by those skilled in the art, for example, the number of multi-stage mixers is not limited to three as shown in fig. 5, and more or less mixers can be set as required. The number of the gas sensors may not be limited to one shown in the drawings, and may be more as needed, for example, different gas sensors may be provided according to the kind of gas to be detected. The arrangement position of the gas sensor is not limited to the outside of the mixer in the drawing, and may be provided inside the mixer as needed. Still another embodiment of the mixing device 310 is described below in conjunction with fig. 6.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the multistage mixer comprises a primary mixer, a secondary mixer and a final mixer, wherein the air inlet end of the primary mixer is connected with the air outlet end of the air conveying pipeline, and the air outlet end of the primary mixer is connected with the air inlet end of the secondary mixer; the gas outlet end of the secondary mixer is connected with the gas inlet end of the primary mixer and the gas inlet end of the final mixer, and one or more gas sensors and automatic control valves are arranged at the gas outlet end of the secondary mixer; and the air outlet end of the final-stage mixer is connected with the IVC equipment. The following description is made with reference to fig. 6.
As shown in FIG. 6, the gas blending apparatus may include a mixing device 310 and a plurality of gas lines 320-1, 320-2, 320-3, 320-4, where mixing device 310 (shown in phantom) may include multiple stages of mixers 311, 312, 313, where mixer 311 may be provided as a primary mixer, mixer 312 may be provided as a secondary mixer, and mixer 313 may be provided as a final mixer. The primary mixer 311 may include a plurality of inlet ports respectively connected to the outlet ports of the gas lines 320-1, 320-2, 320-3, 320-4, the outlet port of the primary mixer 311 may be connected to the inlet port of the secondary mixer 312 (as indicated by the arrows in the figure), and the primary mixer 311 may be used to primarily mix the gas input from the gas lines.
The secondary mixer 312 may be used to finely mix the mixed gas mixed by the primary mixer 311. The outlet end of the secondary mixer 312 is connected to the inlet end of the primary mixer 311 and the inlet end of the final mixer 313, respectively, and one or more gas sensors 330 and an automatic control valve 340 are disposed at the outlet end of the secondary mixer 312. The gas sensor 330 is used to sense the gas composition at the gas outlet end of the secondary mixer 312. The automatic control valve 340 is used to automatically control the gas at the outlet of the secondary mixer 312 to enter the final mixer 313 or to return to the primary mixer 311 (as indicated by the arrows in the figure). The manner of controlling the automatic control valve 340 is the same as or similar to the automatic control valves 340-1, 340-2, 340-3 described above in connection with fig. 5, and will not be described again here. The outlet end of the final mixer 313 may be connected to an IVC device. The final mixer 313 may be used to store the desired mixed gas to enable continuous gas supply to at least one individual cage to meet experimental requirements.
The annular connection of the primary mixer 311 and the secondary mixer 312 allows for multiple mixing cycles to achieve uniform mixing of the gases, and ensures that the supply of gas to the IVC device and at least one of the individual cage boxes meets experimental requirements by controlling the composition of the mixed gas entering the next mixer (final mixer 313). In one embodiment, the outlet ends of some of the plurality of gas lines 320-1, 320-2, 320-3, 320-4 are connected to the inlet end of the secondary mixer 312 for staged and staged mixing to facilitate thorough mixing of the component gases. In another embodiment, the primary mixer 311 and the secondary mixer 312 may include a plurality of sets of circulating mixers, each of the annularly connected primary mixer 311 and secondary mixer 312 as illustrated, and a plurality of sets of circulating mixers connected and finally connected to the final mixer 313, and according to such a configuration, a plurality of circulating mixes may be formed, facilitating further uniform mixing of the mixed gas.
While a further embodiment of a mixing device 310 according to the present invention has been described above in connection with fig. 6, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the arrangement shown in fig. 6 is exemplary and not limiting, and may be adjusted as desired, e.g., the number of multi-stage mixers is not limited to three as shown, and more or less may be provided as desired. The number of the gas sensors 330 may not be limited to one shown in the drawings, and may be more as needed, for example, different gas sensors may be provided according to the kind of gas to be detected. The arrangement position of the gas sensor is not limited to the outside of the mixer in the drawing, and may be provided inside the mixer as needed.
Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram showing one embodiment of a system including an overall control device according to the present invention. As shown in fig. 7, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the system according to the present invention may further comprise an environment sensing device 500 which may be arranged within the at least one independent cage 100 when performing an environment parameter sensing to sense the environment parameter within the at least one independent cage 100; the data acquisition device 400 can be arranged on the experimental animal in the at least one independent cage box 100 when data acquisition is carried out, and is used for acquiring physiological parameters of the experimental animal; and a general control device 600, connected to the environment sensing device 500, the data collecting device 400, the IVC apparatus 200 (shown by dashed line box) and the gas preparing apparatus 300 (shown by dashed line box), for receiving the environmental parameters fed back by the environment sensing device 500 and the physiological parameters fed back by the data collecting device 400, and changing the environmental conditions in the at least one independent cage 100 by controlling the IVC apparatus 200, the gas preparing apparatus 300, etc. to monitor or analyze the change of the physiological parameters of the experimental animal under different environmental conditions.
The connection between the general control device 600 and the environment sensing device 500, the IVC device 200, the gas blending device 300 and the data collecting device 400 can be performed through wireless or wired connection. The general control device 600 can control the IVC device 200 and the gas blending device 300 to change the environmental conditions in at least one independent cage 100 according to the received environmental parameter change and physiological parameter change. The environmental conditions may include temperature, humidity, air, light, and the like, which are conditions associated with a biological living environment. The master control device 600 can also store and analyze the received data, for example, count and analyze the physiological parameter changes of the experimental animals under different environmental conditions, and draw a relevant curve for research by researchers. The general control device 600 may further be provided with an alarm device, for example, when the environmental parameter change or the physiological parameter change of the experimental animal reaches a certain limit value, an audible or visual alarm signal is sent out to remind the operator. The general control device 600 may further be provided with an interface for interacting with an operator, so as to facilitate the operator to monitor the variation of each parameter in at least one independent cage 100 in real time.
The environment sensing device 500 described hereinabove, which is arranged within the at least one independent cage 100 upon environmental parameter sensing to sense an environmental parameter within the at least one independent cage 100. The connection of the environment sensing device 500 to at least one independent cage 100 may be a detachable connection. The environment sensing device 500 is disposed in at least one independent cage 100, for example, may be disposed on an inner wall of the at least one independent cage 100, or may be disposed in the at least one independent cage 100 in a suspended manner, and the disposition position may be selected according to the requirement of the environment parameter to be sensed by the environment sensing device 500. The environment sensing device 500 is disposed in at least one independent cage 100, either with the environment sensing device disposed entirely in the at least one independent cage 100 or with a portion of the environment sensing device disposed in the at least one independent cage 100. In one embodiment, the probe of the environment sensing device 500 extends into at least one of the individual cage 100, and the connection of the environment sensing device (e.g., a conductive wire for connecting the probe, etc.) to the at least one individual cage 100 is sealable. The environmental parameter may be an environmental parameter related to the environmental condition to be controlled and changed, so that the environmental sensing device 500 can function as a feedback to facilitate further control of the environmental condition. In one embodiment, the environmental parameter may include at least one of temperature, humidity, barometric pressure, light intensity, air composition, and the like; the environment sensing device 500 may include at least one of a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, a light sensor, an air pressure sensor, an air composition detector, and the like.
According to another embodiment of the invention, the system according to the invention may further comprise: a cage for holding the at least one independent cage box; a lighting device arranged on the cage for changing lighting conditions within the at least one individual cage on the cage; the general control device 600 is also connected with the lighting apparatus to control the lighting conditions inside the at least one independent cage 100. By such an arrangement, the overall control device 600 can control the brightness and the selection of the illumination light in at least one independent cage 100. For example, the lighting device may have an illumination setting including light with different wavelengths such as ultraviolet light, infrared light, etc., and the general control device 600 may selectively turn on the light illumination with ultraviolet light, infrared light, etc. by controlling the lighting device, so as to monitor the reaction of the experimental animal to the light with different wavelengths.
The data acquisition device 400 is disposed on the experimental animal in at least one independent cage 100 for acquiring physiological parameters of the experimental animal. The device can be not arranged on the body of the experimental animal when the data acquisition is not carried out; or can be arranged on the experimental animal for a long time to adapt the experimental animal whether data acquisition is carried out or not. The data acquisition device 400 can be arranged on the body of the experimental animal in various ways, such as patch type or wearable type, and the like, and can also be implanted into the body of the experimental animal in an implanted manner, so that the arrangement mode can be selected according to the type and the requirement of the physiological parameter to be monitored. By arranging the data acquisition device 400 on the body of the experimental animal, the physiological changes of the experimental animal can be monitored in real time, thereby providing reliable research data and value. The monitoring of the physiological parameters may be selected according to experimental requirements, and the acquisition devices in the data acquisition device 400 may be selected and positioned according to the type of physiological parameter desired. In one embodiment, the physiological parameter may include at least one of heart rate, body temperature, activity frequency, etc., and thus the data acquisition apparatus 400 may include at least one of a heart rate acquisition device, a body temperature acquisition device, a step number acquisition device, etc., and may be disposed, for example, in a position where the heart rate acquisition device is disposed near the heart of the laboratory animal and the step number acquisition device may be disposed on at least one leg of the laboratory animal to monitor leg activity frequency.
The inlet 110 and the outlet 120 of the at least one individual cage 100, the cage air supply channel 210, the air supply filter system 220, the cage air exhaust channel 230, the air exhaust filter system 240 of the IVC device 200, and the mixing device 310 and the plurality of air lines 320-1, 320-2, 320-3, 320-4 shown in fig. 7 are all described in detail above in connection with a number of embodiments and are not described again here.
Although the technical solution and the embodiments of the system of the present invention are exemplarily described in conjunction with fig. 1 to fig. 7, those skilled in the art may adjust the arrangement of the devices in the above embodiments according to actual needs, and still be within the protection scope of the present invention. In order to make the detailed implementation of the data acquisition device according to the present invention more clear to those skilled in the art, a plurality of embodiments of the data acquisition device 400 will be described below with reference to fig. 8a and 8 b.
The experimental animal according to the present invention is exemplified by a mouse, and fig. 8a and 8b are schematic views showing various embodiments of the data collecting device according to the present invention. According to one embodiment of the invention, the data acquisition device may be a patch-type or wearable acquisition device, wherein the wearable acquisition device has a leg clearance hole. As shown in fig. 8a, the data acquisition device may be a patch type acquisition device 410, that is, a plurality of patches may be respectively fixed on different parts of the mouse body to acquire different physiological parameters. Acquisition devices that sense respective physiological parameters, such as a heart rate acquisition (or sensing) device, a body temperature acquisition (or sensing) device, a step number acquisition (or sensing) device, and the like, may be included in each patch. In one embodiment, the patch of the heart rate acquisition device is fixed near the heart of the white mouse, the patch of the body temperature acquisition device is fixed at the neck or oral cavity of the white mouse, and the patch of the step number acquisition device is fixed at the limbs of the white mouse. The patch type collecting device 410 is small in area, and can reduce the discomfort of the mice. In one embodiment, each physiological parameter acquisition device can communicate with the master control device in a wireless mode.
As shown in fig. 8b, the data acquisition device may be a wearable acquisition device 420, wherein the wearable acquisition device 420 has a leg clearance hole. The wearable acquisition device 420 can be worn on the body of a white mouse like clothes, and the legs of the white mouse can freely penetrate through the wearable acquisition device by arranging the leg avoiding holes, so that the motion of the legs is not limited. Meanwhile, the wearable acquisition device 420 can be made of soft materials and fit the body of a white mouse, so that the comfort is improved. An acquisition device for sensing physiological parameters can be arranged in the wearable acquisition device 420 at a corresponding position, for example, the heart rate acquisition device 421 is arranged at the chest position of the wearable acquisition device 420, the body temperature acquisition device 422 is arranged at the back or neck position of the wearable acquisition device 420, and the step number acquisition device 423 is arranged at the sleeve or trouser-leg portion of the wearable acquisition device 420 to acquire the number of times of the leg movement of the white mouse, thereby helping to count the frequency of the leg movement of the white mouse. The reaction of the white mouse to the environment can be judged by collecting the heart rate, the body temperature, the activity frequency and the like of the white mouse, for example, the heart rate is accelerated and the body temperature is increased due to tension, and the activity is frequent due to anxiety.
Fig. 8a and 8b illustrate various embodiments of the data acquisition device by way of example, but the above-described embodiments are illustrative and not limiting, and it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the data acquisition device embodiments are not limited thereto, e.g., the wearable acquisition device 420 may be arranged to be rear-leg wearable rather than front-leg wearable as illustrated in fig. 8 b. In one embodiment, the wearable capture device 420 may be placed on the neck or head of a white mouse to capture head activity frequencies, etc. For example, the data acquisition device may be a band-like device that is wrapped around the body of the mouse only at the position to be acquired.
The technical solution of the system of the present invention and the arrangement and connection manner of the devices are described in detail above, and those skilled in the art can understand that the system of the present invention can be used to monitor the influence of the environmental parameter changes, such as temperature, humidity, harmful gas, particle dust pollution, light, and air pressure, on the physiological parameters of the experimental animal. The system can be arranged in a clean facility to prevent experimental animals from being polluted, and the influence of single factor of experimental conditions is ensured, so that the accuracy of experimental results is ensured. The invention can further improve the uniformity of the mixed gas by arranging the multistage mixers of the gas blending device, and can continuously provide the required gas so as to meet the requirement of the environmental simulation experiment on the long-term exposure of the experimental animals. Therefore, the system provides a completely new and reliable solution for the experiment of researching the environmental influence by utilizing the experimental animal, and provides support and guarantee for further medical research and scientific research.
It should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments illustrate rather than limit the invention, and that those skilled in the art will be able to design alternative embodiments without departing from the scope of the appended claims. In the claims, any reference signs placed between parentheses shall not be construed as limiting the claim.
Claims (10)
1. A system for environmental simulation of a laboratory animal, comprising:
at least one independent cage for feeding experimental animals;
the independent ventilation cage box IVC device is used for supplying air into the at least one independent cage box and discharging waste gas in the at least one independent cage box, and comprises a cage box air supply channel, an air supply filtering system, a cage box air exhaust channel and an air exhaust filtering system, wherein the independent ventilation cage box IVC device is used for supplying air into the at least one independent cage box and exhausting waste gas in the at least one independent cage box
The cage box air supply channel is connected with the inlet of the at least one independent cage box, the air supply filtering system is connected with the cage box air supply channel, the cage box air exhaust channel is connected with the outlet of the at least one independent cage box, and the air exhaust filtering system is connected with the cage box air exhaust channel so as to filter the exhausted waste gas; and
the gas blending equipment comprises a mixing device and a plurality of gas transmission pipelines, wherein the gas transmission pipelines are respectively used for inputting different gases, each gas output end of the gas transmission pipeline is connected with the gas input end of the mixing device, and the gas output end of the mixing device is connected with the IVC equipment.
2. The system of claim 1, wherein the supply air filtration system comprises a primary filter, a secondary filter, and a high efficiency filter, wherein
The medium-efficiency filter is arranged between the primary-efficiency filter and the high-efficiency filter;
the high-efficiency filter is arranged between the medium-efficiency filter and the cage box air supply channel;
the air outlet end of the mixing device is connected to at least one of the positions between the high-efficiency filter and the cage box air supply channel and between the primary filter and the intermediate filter.
3. The system of claim 2, further comprising a humidifier and a temperature controller, at least one of the humidifier and the temperature controller being disposed between or before the primary filter and the secondary filter.
4. The system of claim 1, wherein the mixing device comprises a multi-stage mixer.
5. The system of claim 4, wherein the multi-stage mixers are connected in sequence, the inlet end of a first stage mixer of the multi-stage mixers is connected with the outlet ends of the plurality of gas delivery pipelines, and the outlet end of a last stage mixer of the multi-stage mixers is connected with the IVC equipment.
6. The system of claim 5, wherein the gas outlet end of each mixer in the multi-stage mixer is provided with one or more gas sensors and an automatic control valve,
the one or more gas sensors are used for sensing the gas composition of the gas outlet end of each stage of mixer;
and the automatic control valve is used for automatically controlling the gas at the gas outlet end of the mixer to enter the next mixer or return to the mixer according to the gas composition.
7. The system of claim 4, wherein the multi-stage mixer comprises a primary mixer, a secondary mixer, and a final mixer,
the air inlet end of the primary mixer is connected with the air outlet end of the air conveying pipeline, and the air outlet end of the primary mixer is connected with the air inlet end of the secondary mixer;
the gas outlet end of the secondary mixer is connected with the gas inlet end of the primary mixer and the gas inlet end of the final mixer, and one or more gas sensors and automatic control valves are arranged at the gas outlet end of the secondary mixer;
and the air outlet end of the final-stage mixer is connected with the IVC equipment.
8. The system of claim 1, further comprising,
an environment sensing device disposed within the at least one independent cage to sense the environmental parameter within the at least one independent cage when environmental parameter sensing is performed;
the data acquisition device is arranged on the experimental animal body in the at least one independent cage box during data acquisition and is used for acquiring physiological parameters of the experimental animal; and
and the general control device is connected with the environment sensing device, the data acquisition device, the IVC equipment and the gas allocation equipment, is used for receiving the environment parameters fed back by the environment sensing device and the physiological parameters fed back by the data acquisition device, and changes the environmental conditions in the at least one independent cage box by controlling the IVC equipment and the gas allocation equipment so as to monitor or analyze the change condition of the physiological parameters of the experimental animal under different environmental conditions.
9. The system of claim 8, further comprising:
a cage for holding the at least one independent cage box;
a lighting device arranged on the cage for changing lighting conditions within the at least one individual cage on the cage;
the master control device is further connected with the lighting equipment to control the illumination conditions in the at least one independent cage box.
10. The system of claim 8, wherein the data acquisition device is a patch-type or wearable acquisition device,
wherein the wearable acquisition device is provided with a leg avoiding hole.
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