CN110972621B - Single-seed sowing and ditching device for field nematode resistance identification test - Google Patents
Single-seed sowing and ditching device for field nematode resistance identification test Download PDFInfo
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- CN110972621B CN110972621B CN202010047458.8A CN202010047458A CN110972621B CN 110972621 B CN110972621 B CN 110972621B CN 202010047458 A CN202010047458 A CN 202010047458A CN 110972621 B CN110972621 B CN 110972621B
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- connecting rod
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C5/00—Making or covering furrows or holes for sowing, planting or manuring
- A01C5/06—Machines for making or covering drills or furrows for sowing or planting
- A01C5/062—Devices for making drills or furrows
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C7/00—Sowing
- A01C7/04—Single-grain seeders with or without suction devices
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Abstract
The invention relates to a single-seed sowing ditching device for a field nematode resistance identification test, which comprises a rack, a ditcher and rollers, wherein the ditcher comprises a connecting rod, a plurality of ditching mechanisms sleeved on the connecting rod, a limiting plate and a connecting rod mechanism, the limiting plate and the connecting rod mechanism are arranged above the connecting rod, a plurality of hinge pin shafts at the top of the connecting rod mechanism are arranged in a slide way arranged on the limiting plate in a sliding way, and a plurality of hinge pin shafts at the bottom of the connecting rod mechanism are respectively hinged with the tops of the corresponding ditching mechanisms; the top of the frame is also provided with a hinged support, and the hinged support is hinged with a pin shaft at the end part of the hand lever. The single-seed sowing device is simple in structure, is developed and designed aiming at the single-seed sowing requirement of the plant nematode field resistance identification experiment, and can efficiently and accurately meet the operation requirements on the ditching depth and the ditching width.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of plant nematode research, and particularly relates to a single-seed sowing and ditching device for a field nematode resistance identification test.
Background
The plant nematodes are various and seriously harmful, wherein root-knot nematodes, cyst nematodes, root rot nematodes and the like can cause irreversible root damage to crops such as tomatoes, soybeans, wheat, watermelons, tobacco, potatoes, carrots and the like, so that the yield of the crops is greatly reduced. Wherein the plant root-knot nematode is (A), (B), (C), (B), (C), (B), (C), (B), (C), (B), (C), (B), (C), (B), (C), (B), (C), (B), (C), (B), (C)Meloidogynespp.) is a type of nematode with the widest distribution, the most variety and the most serious harm among plant pathogenic nematodes, and the host plants of the nematode are more than 3000 (Jia tasting et al 2011); (iii) Soy bean cyst nematode: (Heterodera glycines) Is the most important plant disease of soybean, and is generated in soybean planting areas of 18 provinces in China, which generally causes the yield reduction of soybean by 5-10 percent, and 30-50 percent in serious cases, and even the soybean is completely harvested in individual yearsSeriously restricting the production safety of the bean crops (2019 such as Roning); the wheat cyst nematode is a worldwide important nematode disease which is harmful to cereal crops such as wheat, barley, oat and the like, and the pathogen is the cereal cyst nematode (Heterodera avenae) Heterodera filipjevi: (H. filipjevi) And thalassosporangium (1) (ii)H. latipons). At present, the wheat has been reported to occur in 16 provinces and cities in China, the wheat covers the main production area of all wheat in China, and the disease area reaches more than 6000 million mu (Cui et al 2015). Yuanyxia et al (2014) research reports that second-instar larvae of cyst nematodes invade wheat roots 2 weeks after wheat seedlings emerge in Henan, and when the content of cysts in soil is more than 10 eggs/g soil, the yield loss of wheat reaches 16-55% (Housheng et al, 2012), and similarly, the wheat root rot nematodes are one of the common nematode diseases of wheat.
When the plant nematodes are studied in an interaction manner, the identification of the plant nematodes through a field disease nursery is the most common primary screening method, the basic operation is to respectively sow a plurality of crop varieties after the disease nursery is tested to open a ditch, so that the planted crops are infected by the nematodes under the natural condition, the resistance phenotype of the variety crops to the nematodes is analyzed and identified after a specific time according to the infection condition, and finally, resistant varieties and excellent germplasm resources and genetic materials are obtained.
According to the existing plant nematode field resistance identification experiment, due to the fact that the involved land is small, the varieties of crops are multiple, the planting requirements among the varieties and the design requirements of the experiment and production planting, such as ditching depth, spacing and the like, are different, and different varieties of crops have different experimental requirements, such as seeding quantity and the like, the modern ditching machine in the prior art cannot be used in the experiment, only manual ditching can be conducted, but the operation efficiency of manual ditching is low, meanwhile, the use pertinence of corresponding tools, such as plows, rakes and other agricultural tools is poor, and the use is very inconvenient.
Disclosure of Invention
The single-seed sowing ditching device for the field nematode resistance identification experiment is simple in structure, is developed and designed aiming at the single-seed sowing requirement of the field nematode resistance identification experiment, and can efficiently and accurately meet the operation requirements on ditching depth and width.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the single-seed sowing ditching device for the field nematode resistance identification test comprises a rack, a ditcher arranged below the rack and rollers connected with shafts on two sides of the rack, wherein the ditcher comprises a connecting rod arranged at the bottom of the rack, a plurality of ditching mechanisms sleeved on the connecting rod, a limiting plate and a connecting rod mechanism arranged above the connecting rod, a plurality of hinge pin shafts at the top of the connecting rod mechanism are slidably arranged in a slide way arranged on the limiting plate, and a plurality of hinge pin shafts at the bottom of the connecting rod mechanism are respectively hinged with the tops of the corresponding ditching mechanisms;
the top of the limiting plate is provided with a vertical mounting plate, the mounting plate is provided with a first bearing, the first bearing is matched and connected with the bottom of a first adjusting bolt, and the top of the first adjusting bolt is connected with a first adjusting disc outside after being connected with a preset internal thread hole on the rack;
the top of the frame is also provided with a hinged support, and the hinged support is hinged with a pin shaft at the end part of the hand lever;
the ditching mechanism at the midpoint of the length of the connecting rod is fixedly connected with the connecting rod, the rest ditching mechanisms are connected with the connecting rod in a sliding manner, the connecting rod mechanism comprises a plurality of connecting rod components which are staggered along the length direction of the limiting plate, and the top or bottom of each two adjacent connecting rod components are hinged through a pin shaft.
Preferably, the ditching mechanism comprises an adjusting block sleeved on the connecting rod, a first hinge seat used for hinging the corresponding pin shaft of the connecting rod mechanism is arranged at the top of the adjusting block, and a second hinge seat used for hinging the pin shaft hinge claw is arranged at the bottom of the adjusting block.
Preferably, the claw comprises a disc and a claw part fixedly arranged at the edge of the disc in the radial direction, and a pin shaft hinged with the second hinge seat is fixedly arranged at the center of the disc.
Preferably, still be equipped with the regulation rack in the articulated seat of second above the disc, still be equipped with on the circumference of disc with the regulation tooth of regulation rack meshing, regulation rack tip top is equipped with the regulating plate perpendicularly, second adjusting bolt one end is equipped with second regulating disk, the other end and the internal thread hole threaded connection of predetermineeing on the regulating plate and pass behind the regulating plate with the regulating block on the second bearing cooperation be connected.
Preferably, the bottom surface of the second hinge seat and the bottom surface of the roller are positioned on the same plane.
Preferably, the length of the claw part is 3-15 cm.
Preferably, the hand lever is of a telescopic pipe structure with adjustable length.
The working process of the invention is as follows:
through pulling the hand lever, the hand lever drives the rack to move, the roller of the rack is contacted with the ground, so the second hinged seat of the claw tool is also contacted with the ground, and the claw part can be inserted into the ground and ditches the ground along with the movement of the rack. The hand lever is articulated with the articulated support in the frame, so people of different heights can adjust the angle of the relative frame of hand lever and stimulate the hand lever according to self needs and make the frame move forward can, in the ditching process of whole process, the position of the relative frame of ditching mechanism can not receive the influence of hand lever, and can not be like the plow harrow among the prior art, because the angle of its handle and ditch utensil is fixed, so the user of different heights can make the angle of plow harrow and soil can change, thereby make the degree of depth of ditching different.
The operation of adjusting before ditching includes the regulation of ditching interval, ditching quantity and ditching degree of depth, wherein, the ditching degree of depth is adjusted as follows: drive second adjusting bolt through the second adjusting disk and rotate, because second adjusting bolt tip and second bearing cooperation, so second adjusting bolt's turnover can not make the regulating block rotate but can make the regulating plate drive the regulation rack and remove to make and adjust the disc rotation of rack meshing, and then make the articulated seat of relative second of claw rotate, and realize that the claw exposes the vertical height realization change in the gyro wheel below, finally realize that the claw is adjusted the ditching degree of depth in soil.
The ditching quantity is adjusted as follows: according to the required ditching quantity, a plurality of ditching mechanisms are selected to carry out ditching depth adjustment, so that the bottom surfaces of the claws of the plurality of ditching mechanisms rotate to the position above the bottom surface of the second hinged seat or keep parallel to the bottom surface of the second hinged seat, namely the bottom surfaces of the claws are not contacted or only contacted with the ground, ditching operation cannot be realized, and ditching can be carried out by utilizing other ditching mechanisms.
The ditching spacing is adjusted as follows: drive first adjusting bolt through first adjusting disk and rotate, because first adjusting bolt tip and first bearing cooperation, so first adjusting bolt's turnover can not make the mounting panel rotate but can make the mounting panel drive the limiting plate, move down, thereby make the limiting plate drive link mechanism's top move down, because link mechanism bottom is articulated with corresponding claw utensil, add claw utensil and install on fixed connecting rod, so moving down of link mechanism top can make link mechanism's connecting rod bottom interval change, and drive corresponding claw utensil and realize the interval change, because claw utensil and connecting rod fixed connection of connecting rod midpoint department, so other claw utensils can realize the interval regulation of same displacement length, whole process is swift high-efficient. It should be noted that if the adjustment of the number of furrows is concerned, the adjustment of the furrowing spacing needs to take into account the corresponding degree of spacing adjustment.
It should be noted that the technical scheme of the application can be used for ditching operation in single-seed sowing experiments for field resistance identification of other field soil-borne diseases such as root rot, take-all and the like besides field resistance identification of nematodes.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages: the single-seed sowing device is simple in structure, is developed and designed aiming at the single-seed sowing requirement of the plant nematode field resistance identification experiment, and can efficiently and accurately meet the operation requirements on the ditching depth and the ditching width.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a single-seed sowing and ditching device for a field nematode resistance identification test in a specific embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a claw in accordance with an embodiment;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the meshing relationship between the claw part and the adjusting rack in the specific embodiment.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
A single seed sowing ditching device for field nematode resistance appraisal experiment, the device includes frame 1, sets up in furrow opener and the gyro wheel 11 of frame 1 both sides hub connection of frame 1 below frame 1, frame 1 top still is equipped with articulated support 12, and articulated support 12 is articulated with hand lever 13 tip round pin axle, and hand lever 13 is the telescopic tube structure with adjustable length.
The furrow opener is including setting up several ditching mechanism 5 of establishing on connecting rod 4, the connecting rod 4 of frame 1 bottom to and set up in limiting plate 2 and the link mechanism 3 of connecting rod 4 top, link mechanism 3 includes several link members along 2 length direction staggered arrangements of limiting plate, and the top or the bottom round pin axle of two adjacent link members are articulated. A plurality of hinge pins at the top of the connecting rod mechanism 3 are slidably arranged in a slide way 21 arranged on the limiting plate 2, and a plurality of hinge pins at the bottom of the connecting rod mechanism 3 are respectively hinged with the tops of the corresponding ditching mechanisms 5; the top of the limiting plate 2 is vertically provided with an installation plate 22, the installation plate 22 is provided with a first bearing 23, the first bearing 23 is connected with the bottom of a first adjusting bolt 24 in a matching manner, and the top of the first adjusting bolt 24 is connected with a first adjusting disc 25 outside after being connected with an internal thread hole preset on the rack 1;
the ditching mechanism at the middle point of the length of the connecting rod 4 is fixedly connected with the connecting rod 4, and the rest ditching mechanisms 5 are connected with the connecting rod 4 in a sliding way; the ditching mechanism 5 is including establishing the regulating block 51 on connecting rod 4, and regulating block 51 top is equipped with the first articulated seat 52 that is used for articulated link mechanism to correspond the round pin axle, and the bottom is equipped with the articulated seat 53 of second that is used for round pin axle articulated claw utensil, claw utensil includes disc 6 and the 6 edge of disc claw 62 that radially set firmly, and the 6 centre of a circle department of disc has set firmly the articulated round pin axle of the articulated seat 53 of second, still be equipped with in the articulated seat 53 of second above the disc 6 and adjust rack 57, still be equipped with on the circumference of disc 6 with adjust the tooth 61 of rack 57 meshing, adjust rack 57 tip top and be equipped with regulating plate 58 perpendicularly, second adjusting bolt 55 one end is equipped with second regulating disc 56, the other end and adjusting plate 58 on the internal thread hole threaded connection that predetermines and pass behind regulating plate 58 with the second bearing 54 cooperation on the regulating block 51 be connected. The bottom surface of the second hinge seat 53 and the bottom surface of the roller 11 are positioned on the same plane, and the length of the claw part 62 is 3-15 cm.
The working process of the invention is as follows:
through pulling the hand lever, the hand lever drives the rack to move, the roller of the rack is contacted with the ground, so the second hinged seat of the claw tool is also contacted with the ground, and the claw part can be inserted into the ground and ditches the ground along with the movement of the rack. The hand lever is articulated with the articulated support in the frame, so people of different heights can adjust the angle of the relative frame of hand lever and stimulate the hand lever according to self needs and make the frame move forward can, in the ditching process of whole process, the position of the relative frame of ditching mechanism can not receive the influence of hand lever, and can not be like the plow harrow among the prior art, because the angle of its handle and trench is fixed, so the user of different heights can make the angle of plow harrow and soil can change, thereby make the degree of depth and the target value of ditching have the deviation.
The operation of adjusting before ditching includes the regulation of ditching interval, ditching quantity and ditching degree of depth, wherein, the ditching degree of depth is adjusted as follows: drive second adjusting bolt through the second adjusting disk and rotate, because second adjusting bolt tip and second bearing cooperation, so second adjusting bolt's turnover can not make the regulating block rotate but can make the regulating plate drive the regulation rack and remove to make and adjust the disc rotation of rack meshing, and then make the articulated seat of relative second of claw rotate, and realize that the claw exposes the vertical height realization change in the gyro wheel below, finally realize that the claw is adjusted the ditching degree of depth in soil.
The ditching quantity is adjusted as follows: according to the required ditching quantity, a plurality of ditching mechanisms are selected to carry out ditching depth adjustment, so that the bottom surfaces of the claws of the plurality of ditching mechanisms rotate to the position above the bottom surface of the second hinged seat or keep parallel to the bottom surface of the second hinged seat, namely the bottom surfaces of the claws are not contacted or only contacted with the ground, ditching operation cannot be realized, and ditching can be carried out by utilizing other ditching mechanisms.
The ditching spacing is adjusted as follows: drive first adjusting bolt through first adjusting disk and rotate, because first adjusting bolt tip and first bearing cooperation, so first adjusting bolt's turnover can not make the mounting panel rotate but can make the mounting panel drive the limiting plate, move down, thereby make the limiting plate drive link mechanism's top move down, because link mechanism bottom is articulated with corresponding claw utensil, add claw utensil and install on fixed connecting rod, so moving down of link mechanism top can make link mechanism's connecting rod bottom interval change, and drive corresponding claw utensil and realize the interval change, because claw utensil and connecting rod fixed connection of connecting rod midpoint department, so other claw utensils can realize the interval regulation of same displacement length, whole process is swift high-efficient. It should be noted that if the adjustment of the number of furrows is concerned, the adjustment of the furrowing spacing needs to take into account the corresponding degree of spacing adjustment.
Claims (4)
1. The single-seed sowing ditching device for the field nematode resistance identification test is characterized by comprising a rack, a ditcher arranged below the rack and rollers connected with shafts on two sides of the rack, wherein the ditcher comprises a connecting rod arranged at the bottom of the rack, a plurality of ditching mechanisms sleeved on the connecting rod, a limiting plate and a connecting rod mechanism arranged above the connecting rod, a plurality of hinge pin shafts at the top of the connecting rod mechanism are slidably arranged in a slide way arranged on the limiting plate, and a plurality of hinge pin shafts at the bottom of the connecting rod mechanism are respectively hinged with the tops of the corresponding ditching mechanisms;
the top of the limiting plate is provided with a vertical mounting plate, the mounting plate is provided with a first bearing, the first bearing is matched and connected with the bottom of a first adjusting bolt, and the top of the first adjusting bolt is connected with a first adjusting disc outside after being connected with a preset internal thread hole on the rack;
the top of the frame is also provided with a hinged support, and the hinged support is hinged with a pin shaft at the end part of the hand lever;
the ditching mechanism at the midpoint of the length of the connecting rod is fixedly connected with the connecting rod, the rest ditching mechanisms are connected with the connecting rod in a sliding manner, the connecting rod mechanism comprises a plurality of connecting rod components which are staggered along the length direction of the limiting plate, and the top or bottom pin shafts of the two adjacent connecting rod components are hinged; the ditching mechanism comprises an adjusting block sleeved on the connecting rod, the top of the adjusting block is provided with a first hinge seat used for hinging the corresponding pin shaft of the connecting rod mechanism, and the bottom of the adjusting block is provided with a second hinge seat used for hinging the pin shaft hinge claw; the claw comprises a disc and a claw part fixedly arranged at the edge of the disc in the radial direction, and a pin shaft hinged with a second hinge seat is fixedly arranged at the center of the disc; still be equipped with the regulation rack in the articulated seat of second above the disc, still be equipped with on the circumference of disc with the regulation tooth of regulation rack meshing, regulation rack tip top is equipped with the regulating plate perpendicularly, second adjusting bolt one end is equipped with second regulating disk, the other end and the internal thread hole threaded connection who predetermines on the regulating plate and pass the regulating plate after be connected with the second bearing cooperation on the regulating block.
2. The single seed sowing trench digging device for the field nematode resistance identification test as claimed in claim 1, wherein the bottom surface of said second hinged seat and the bottom surface of said roller are positioned on the same plane.
3. The single seed drill ditching device for the identification test of the field nematode resistance according to claim 1 wherein the length of the claw part is 3-15 cm.
4. The single seed sowing trench digging device for the field nematode resistance identification test of claim 1, wherein said hand lever is a telescopic tube structure with adjustable length.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010047458.8A CN110972621B (en) | 2020-01-16 | 2020-01-16 | Single-seed sowing and ditching device for field nematode resistance identification test |
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| CN202010047458.8A CN110972621B (en) | 2020-01-16 | 2020-01-16 | Single-seed sowing and ditching device for field nematode resistance identification test |
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| CN110972621B true CN110972621B (en) | 2021-09-10 |
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| CN112056048A (en) * | 2020-09-08 | 2020-12-11 | 河北北方学院 | A ditching device for alfalfa plants |
| CN114868487A (en) * | 2022-04-05 | 2022-08-09 | 陈品尚 | Accurate ditching device for agricultural planting and use method thereof |
Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE4226987C2 (en) * | 1991-08-30 | 2003-08-07 | Niemeyer Gmbh & Co Kg Soehne | mounted plow |
| CN203691868U (en) * | 2014-02-07 | 2014-07-09 | 毕向荣 | Distance-controlled multi-row agricultural plough |
| CN203968628U (en) * | 2014-07-07 | 2014-12-03 | 四川农业大学 | Plough line-spacing adjusting device |
| CN107241925A (en) * | 2017-07-14 | 2017-10-13 | 赵南南 | A kind of soil loosening device |
| CN207767100U (en) * | 2017-12-28 | 2018-08-28 | 河南健特生物科技集团有限公司 | It is a kind of can adjust knife away from comb grass root cutter |
| CN207995669U (en) * | 2018-03-09 | 2018-10-23 | 榆林市农业科学研究院 | A kind of spacing and line number Adjustable planter |
| CN109757333A (en) * | 2019-03-29 | 2019-05-17 | 赵亚东 | A kind of afforestation plant feed unit |
| CN209134777U (en) * | 2018-11-28 | 2019-07-23 | 黄成莹 | A kind of agricultural plough |
-
2020
- 2020-01-16 CN CN202010047458.8A patent/CN110972621B/en active Active
Patent Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE4226987C2 (en) * | 1991-08-30 | 2003-08-07 | Niemeyer Gmbh & Co Kg Soehne | mounted plow |
| CN203691868U (en) * | 2014-02-07 | 2014-07-09 | 毕向荣 | Distance-controlled multi-row agricultural plough |
| CN203968628U (en) * | 2014-07-07 | 2014-12-03 | 四川农业大学 | Plough line-spacing adjusting device |
| CN107241925A (en) * | 2017-07-14 | 2017-10-13 | 赵南南 | A kind of soil loosening device |
| CN207767100U (en) * | 2017-12-28 | 2018-08-28 | 河南健特生物科技集团有限公司 | It is a kind of can adjust knife away from comb grass root cutter |
| CN207995669U (en) * | 2018-03-09 | 2018-10-23 | 榆林市农业科学研究院 | A kind of spacing and line number Adjustable planter |
| CN209134777U (en) * | 2018-11-28 | 2019-07-23 | 黄成莹 | A kind of agricultural plough |
| CN109757333A (en) * | 2019-03-29 | 2019-05-17 | 赵亚东 | A kind of afforestation plant feed unit |
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