CN110962881B - Contact method wheel diameter jump detection device and detection method - Google Patents
Contact method wheel diameter jump detection device and detection method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110962881B CN110962881B CN201811494936.9A CN201811494936A CN110962881B CN 110962881 B CN110962881 B CN 110962881B CN 201811494936 A CN201811494936 A CN 201811494936A CN 110962881 B CN110962881 B CN 110962881B
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- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 71
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 99
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000008093 supporting effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001976 improved effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 14
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 24
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 15
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003028 elevating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003137 locomotive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036316 preload Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004826 seaming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61K—AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR RAILWAYS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B61K9/00—Railway vehicle profile gauges; Detecting or indicating overheating of components; Apparatus on locomotives or cars to indicate bad track sections; General design of track recording vehicles
- B61K9/12—Measuring or surveying wheel-rims
Abstract
The invention discloses a contact-method wheel radial runout detection device and a detection method, and belongs to the technical field of rail transit. The invention relates to a contact method wheel diameter jump detection device which comprises a pedal assembly, a first sliding plate, a fixed plate assembly, a guide post and guide sleeve mechanism, a lifting driving mechanism and a lifting driving mechanism, wherein the pedal assembly, the first sliding plate and the fixed plate assembly are arranged on the inner side of a track and are parallel to each other; the pedal assembly is provided with a displacement sensing plate, and the first sliding plate is correspondingly provided with a displacement sensor. By adopting the technical scheme of the invention, the radial runout of the train can be dynamically detected in real time in a high-speed running state of the train, the detection precision is effectively improved compared with the existing detection mechanism, and the detection device has better structural stability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of rail transit, and particularly relates to a contact method wheel radial runout detection device and a detection method.
Background
In railway applications, the running part, in particular the running state of the wheel sets, has an important role in train safety. Wheel set parameters that play an important role in safety include: rim wear, circumferential wear, tread scuffing, and the like. When the wheel tread is scratched, stripped, radially jumped, rolled and piled and other faults occur, extra impact force can be generated on the steel rail in the running process of the train, so that the service life of the steel rail is reduced, and cracks and fractures can be caused when the service life of the steel rail is serious. The scratch fault also brings impact to the vehicle itself while striking the rail, generates vibration, and has damage to the vehicle bearings.
Therefore, the detection of the defects such as radial runout of the wheel tread has important significance for ensuring the driving safety of the train. In the prior art, the monitoring method of the wheel tread fault mainly comprises two kinds of static monitoring and dynamic monitoring, wherein the static monitoring method can be only carried out under the condition that a locomotive is stopped or wheels are disassembled, and has low efficiency and high labor intensity. The on-line dynamic monitoring is real-time on-line measurement performed when the train normally runs on the steel rail, and the on-line detection is increasingly valued at home and abroad due to the characteristics of high measurement automation degree, no occupation of rolling stock rotation time, convenience in storing wheel information data and the like. The existing dynamic monitoring method mainly comprises the following steps: (1) vibration acceleration monitoring; (2) image monitoring; (3) displacement monitoring; (4) contact monitoring method.
Among them, the existing contact measurement method generally adopts a parallelogram structure. For example, chinese patent No. 20162033667. X discloses a dynamic detection device for wheel tread scratch and out-of-roundness, the device comprises a base plate installed on the inner side of a steel rail, at least two sets of parallelogram mechanisms are installed on the base plate, the top of each parallelogram mechanism is hinged with a scratch rod contacting with the wheel tread, a first damping mechanism is installed between the scratch rod and the base plate, a second damping mechanism is installed between each parallelogram mechanism and the base plate, an induction plate is installed at the bottom of the scratch rod, and a displacement sensor for inducing the displacement of the induction plate is installed on the base plate. The impact resistance of the detection mechanism can be improved to a certain extent through the installation of the damping mechanism, but the detection precision and the structural stability of the detection mechanism still need to be further improved. Meanwhile, the device cannot control the height of the scratch rod of the parallelogram mechanism, and when the heights of the rims are different due to abrasion, the rims are not contacted with the scratch rod or are in excessive contact with the scratch rod, so that no measuring result is caused or large impact is caused to the mechanism, and the measuring is influenced, and even the mechanism is damaged due to impact.
Disclosure of Invention
1. Technical problem to be solved by the invention
The invention aims to overcome the problems of the existing train wheel tread defect detection and provides a contact method wheel radial runout detection device and a detection method. By adopting the technical scheme of the invention, the radial runout of the train can be dynamically detected in real time in a high-speed running state of the train, the detection precision is effectively improved compared with the existing detection mechanism, and the detection device has better structural stability.
2. Technical proposal
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
the invention relates to a contact method wheel diameter jump detection device which comprises a pedal assembly, a first sliding plate, a fixed plate assembly, a guide post and guide sleeve mechanism, a lifting driving mechanism and a lifting driving mechanism, wherein the pedal assembly, the first sliding plate and the fixed plate assembly are arranged on the inner side of a track and are parallel to each other; the pedal assembly is provided with a displacement sensing plate, and the first sliding plate is correspondingly provided with a displacement sensor.
Still further, still include the bottom plate assembly, bottom plate assembly fixed mounting is in the track below, and fixed plate assembly, lift actuating mechanism and guide pillar guide pin bushing mechanism are all fixed mounting on the bottom plate assembly.
Furthermore, the guide sleeve of the guide post and guide sleeve mechanism is fixedly arranged on the upper portion of the first sliding plate, the guide post penetrates through the guide sleeve and is provided with a lining with the guide sleeve, and the lining is provided with balls.
Still further, still be equipped with the second sliding plate between first sliding plate and the fixed plate assembly, the second sliding plate passes through the bearing with first sliding plate and links to each other, links to each other through slide rail mechanism between its and the fixed plate assembly, and displacement sensor corresponds to be installed on the second sliding plate.
Further, the lifting driving mechanism comprises a servo electric cylinder, the free end of a piston rod of the servo electric cylinder is fixedly connected with the connecting block, and the connecting block is fixedly connected with the first sliding plate.
Furthermore, a bearing is arranged in the connecting block, and a bearing pin is arranged in the second sliding plate and inserted into the bearing to be hinged with the connecting block.
Further, the sliding rail mechanism between the first sliding plate and the pedal assembly is obliquely arranged relative to the first sliding plate, and the sliding rail mechanism between the first sliding plate and the fixed plate assembly is vertically arranged relative to the first sliding plate.
Further, the fixing plate assembly comprises a main fixing plate, end fixing plates positioned at two ends of the main fixing plate and an upper sealing plate positioned at the top of the main fixing plate, and the main fixing plate, the end fixing plates and the upper sealing plate jointly surround to form a box-type structure; the first sliding plate is in sliding connection with the pedal assembly through a first sliding rail, is in sliding connection with the main fixing plate through a second sliding rail, and is in sliding connection with the end fixing plate through a third sliding rail; an intermediate fixing plate is further arranged between the first sliding plate and the pedal assembly, and the first sliding plate is connected with the intermediate fixing plate in a sliding mode through a fourth sliding rail.
Furthermore, the installation direction of the elastic element is parallel to the installation direction of the sliding rail mechanism between the first sliding plate and the pedal assembly, and the elastic element adopts a tension spring or a compression spring structure; the pedal assembly comprises a pedal and a pedal support plate, and the pedal is arranged on the pedal support plate; the displacement sensing plate and the first sliding rail are both arranged on the pedal supporting plate.
The invention relates to a contact method wheel diameter jump detection method, which adopts the online dynamic detection device and comprises the following steps:
step one, pedal assembly height adjustment: according to the rim height of the train wheels to be detected, the first sliding plate is driven to lift through the lifting driving mechanism, no relative movement exists among the pedal assembly, the first sliding plate and the second sliding plate, the pedal assembly and the second sliding plate synchronously lift along with the first sliding plate, and when the pedal assembly lifts to a specified position, the lifting driving mechanism stops working at the moment;
step two, a wheel detection process: when the pedal assembly is pressed by the wheel rim, the pedal assembly is pressed down by the wheel rim to generate downward displacement along the direction of the sliding rail, the first sliding plate and the second sliding plate are kept motionless by the fixed plate assembly in the descending process of the pedal assembly, at the moment, the displacement sensor generates relative displacement relative to the displacement sensing plate, and the displacement of the pedal assembly pressed down by the wheel rim when the wheel passes is obtained through conversion; the radial runout condition of the wheel tread of the train can be obtained by processing the data acquired by the displacement sensor in the circumference of the wheel tread;
step three, when the wheels leave, the pedal assembly is restored to the initial position under the action of the elastic element; at this time, the lifting driving mechanism continues to start to operate, and the pedal assembly is driven to descend to a specified position, and the wheel rim cannot be pressed to the pedal assembly no matter what the height of the rim of the passing wheel.
3. Advantageous effects
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme provided by the invention has the following remarkable effects:
(1) The invention relates to a contact method wheel radial runout detection device which comprises a pedal assembly, a first sliding plate and a fixed plate assembly, wherein the pedal assembly, the first sliding plate and the fixed plate assembly are arranged on the inner side of a track and are parallel to each other, when a train wheel presses the pedal assembly, the pedal assembly can generate a pressing motion relative to the first sliding plate along a sliding rail mechanism, when the train wheel leaves the pedal assembly, the pedal assembly returns upwards along the sliding rail mechanism under the action of an elastic element, so that a displacement sensing plate is driven to move relative to a displacement sensor, the radial runout of the train wheel tread can be dynamically measured on line through the change of the distance between the displacement sensing plate and the displacement sensor measured by the whole wheel tread circumference, the measurement efficiency is greatly improved, and the measurement accuracy and the structural stability of the whole measurement device are obviously improved relative to the existing parallelogram measurement mechanism. Simultaneously, first sliding plate links to each other with lift actuating mechanism, carries out elevating movement through lift actuating mechanism drive first sliding plate, and under the effect of elastic element, the footboard assembly can carry out synchronous elevating movement for the fixed plate assembly together with first sliding plate to realized the altitude mixture control of footboard assembly, can satisfy the detection of different rim high train wheels, be favorable to reducing the impact effect of wheel to the footboard assembly.
(2) The contact method wheel diameter jump detection device further comprises the guide post and guide sleeve mechanism, the first sliding plate penetrates through the guide post and guide sleeve mechanism, and the movement of the first sliding plate can be guided through the arrangement of the guide post and guide sleeve mechanism, so that the first sliding plate can only generate displacement along the direction of the guide post and guide sleeve mechanism, the first sliding plate is prevented from tilting when the wheel presses the pedal assembly, and the accuracy of a detection result is improved.
(3) According to the wheel radial runout detection device for the contact method, the lining is further arranged between the guide sleeve of the guide post and guide sleeve mechanism and the guide post, and the balls are arranged on the lining, so that the full play of the function of the guide post and guide sleeve mechanism is further guaranteed, and the first sliding plate is prevented from moving downwards along with the pedal assembly in the detection process.
(4) According to the contact method wheel radial runout detection device, the first sliding plate can be prevented from moving downwards under the rolling action of the wheels to a certain extent through the arrangement of the guide sleeve guide pillar mechanism, but the first sliding plate can not avoid slight inclination.
(5) According to the wheel radial runout detection device for the contact method, the sliding rail mechanism between the first sliding plate and the fixed plate assembly is vertically installed relative to the first sliding plate, and the sliding rail mechanism between the first sliding plate and the pedal assembly is obliquely installed relative to the first sliding plate, so that the stability of the structure and operation of the whole measurement device is improved, the impact of the wheel on the detection device is reduced effectively, and the accuracy of a measurement result is guaranteed.
(6) The invention relates to a contact method wheel radial runout detection device, which comprises a main fixing plate, end fixing plates positioned at two ends of the main fixing plate and an upper sealing plate positioned at the top of the main fixing plate, wherein the main fixing plate, the end fixing plates and the upper sealing plate jointly surround to form a box-type structure, a first sliding plate is connected with the main fixing plate in a sliding manner through a second sliding rail, and is connected with the end fixing plate in a sliding manner through a third sliding rail; meanwhile, an intermediate fixing plate is further arranged between the first sliding plate and the pedal assembly, and the first sliding plate and the intermediate fixing plate are connected through a fourth sliding rail in a sliding mode, namely, the first sliding plate and the second sliding plate are arranged inside the box-type fixing plate assembly, so that stability of movement between the first sliding plate and the second sliding plate and stability of the whole detection device structure are improved.
(7) According to the contact method wheel radial runout detection method, the structure of the online dynamic detection device is optimally designed, so that real-time online dynamic detection can be carried out on the wheel radial runout, and the detection efficiency and the detection precision are improved compared with those of the existing detection device. In addition, by adopting the method, the initial height of the pedal assembly can be adjusted according to the rim heights of the wheels of the train, so that the detection requirements of wheels with different rims and heights are met, and the impact effect generated when the wheels of the train are pressed is effectively reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a contact wheel runout detection device according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a fixed plate assembly of the on-line dynamic detection device of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram (I) of a split structure of the on-line dynamic detection device according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a split structure of the on-line dynamic detection device according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a split structure of the on-line dynamic detection device according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a split structure of the on-line dynamic detection device according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a split structure of the on-line dynamic detection device according to the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the mounting structure of the first sliding plate of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic structural view of the floor assembly of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of a lifting driving mechanism according to the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic view of the independent guide post and guide sleeve mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a schematic view of the construction of the tension spring of the present invention;
fig. 13 is a schematic view of the structure of the spring pin of the present invention.
Reference numerals in the schematic drawings illustrate:
1. a track; 2. a pedal assembly; 201. a pedal; 202. a pedal support plate; 301. a first sliding plate; 302. a second sliding plate; 4. a fixed plate assembly; 401. a main fixing plate; 402. an end fixing plate; 403. an upper sealing plate; 404. a middle fixing plate; 5. a base plate assembly; 501. a bottom support plate; 502. a first rail pressure plate; 503. a press plate bolt; 504. a press plate nut; 505. a pull rod bolt; 506. a fixed ear; 507. reinforcing ribs; 508. a second rail pressing plate; 6. a lifting driving mechanism; 601. a servo electric cylinder; 602. a piston rod; 603. a coupling nut; 604. a connecting block; 605. a bearing; 701. a first slide rail; 702. a second slide rail; 703. a third slide rail; 704. a fourth slide rail; 705. a fifth slide rail; 8. an elastic element; 801. an elastic element support; 802. an elastic element adjusting plate; 803. an elastic element support plate; 804. a spring pin; 805. a hooking groove; 901. a displacement sensing plate; 10. a displacement sensor mounting plate; 11. the guide post and guide sleeve mechanism; 1101. a base; 1102. guide sleeve; 1103. a lining; 1104. and (5) a guide post.
Detailed Description
For a further understanding of the present invention, the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the drawings and specific examples.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1-8, a contact method wheel diameter jump detection device of the present embodiment includes a pedal assembly 2, a first sliding plate 301 and a fixed plate assembly 4 mounted on the inner side of a track 1 and parallel to each other, and further includes a guide post and guide sleeve mechanism 11, wherein the first sliding plate 301 passes through the guide post and guide sleeve mechanism 11 and is slidably connected with the pedal assembly 2 and the fixed plate assembly 4 through a slide rail mechanism, and the first sliding plate 301 is connected with a lifting driving mechanism 6 and is provided with an elastic element 8 between the first sliding plate 301 and the pedal assembly 2; the pedal assembly 2 is provided with a displacement sensing plate 901, and the first sliding plate 301 is correspondingly provided with a displacement sensor.
The train wheel comprises a tread part and a rim part, wherein the tread is out of round due to long-term contact wear of the tread and the rail, and the rim is not contacted with other objects and is still a standard circle. Therefore, when different positions of the tread of the wheel contact with the steel rail, the distances from the top point of the rim to the top surface of the steel rail are different. According to the embodiment, the pedal assembly 2 is arranged on the rail, when the wheel passes through, the top surface of the pedal assembly 2 always keeps contact with the top point of the wheel rim, the pedal assembly 2 generates downward displacement under the action of the pressing of the wheel rim, the displacement changes along with the difference of contact points of the tread and the rail, and the change of the displacement of the pedal assembly 2 in the process that the wheel passes through the pedal assembly 2 is collected, so that the radial runout of the wheel can be detected.
In actual use, the wheel rims of all wheels on a train are different, and the pedal assembly 2 is higher than the wheel rims by a certain value to serve as a pre-pressing amount when in measurement, the pre-pressing amount cannot be too large, otherwise, the wheels can seriously strike the pedal assembly 2, so that the pedal assembly 2 is damaged, and the measurement accuracy is reduced; the amount of pre-load must not be too small either, or the wheel rim will not press against the pedal assembly 2, resulting in no data being detected. In this embodiment, through the split type structural design of the pedal assembly 2, the first sliding plate 301 and the fixed plate assembly 4, the function of the lifting driving mechanism 6 is matched, so that the measurement of the tread defect of the wheel can be realized, and the initial height of the pedal assembly 2 can be adjusted, so that the measurement requirements of wheels with different rims and high wheels are met, the larger impact of the wheels on the pedal assembly 2 is reduced, and the measurement accuracy is ensured. Specifically, before the train arrives, according to the rim height of the wheel of the train to be tested, the lifting driving mechanism 6 drives the first sliding plate 301 to lift relative to the fixed plate assembly 4, and at this time, the pedal assembly 2 and the first sliding plate 301 lift synchronously together, so that the initial height of the pedal assembly 2 is adjusted. When the height of the pedal assembly 2 reaches the set value, the lifting drive mechanism 6 stops working.
When the pedal assembly 2 is pressed on the wheels of the train, the pedal assembly 2 moves downwards relative to the first sliding plate 301 along the sliding rail mechanism under the rolling action of the wheels, and at the moment, the first sliding plate 301 does not slide relative to the fixed plate assembly 4 under the supporting action of the lifting driving mechanism 6, so that the distance between the displacement sensing plate 901 and the displacement sensor is changed; when the train wheels leave the pedal assembly 2, the pedal assembly 2 gradually returns upwards relative to the first sliding plate 301 along the sliding rail mechanism under the action of the restoring force of the elastic element 8, and radial runout, tread scratch and abrasion data of the train wheel treads can be obtained by processing the distance change data between the displacement sensing plate 901 and the displacement sensor, so that on-line dynamic measurement of train wheel defects is realized, and the measurement efficiency is greatly improved. According to the embodiment, through the structural optimization design of the detection device, the movement of the pedal assembly 2 is guided by means of the sliding rail mechanism, and the pedal assembly is enabled to return to the motion through the action of the elastic element 8, so that the structural stability and the measurement precision of the measurement device are improved effectively relative to the existing parallelogram measurement mechanism.
Specifically, if the tread of the wheel is not scratched, the vertical position of the tread relative to the steel rail is unchanged in the whole circumference of the tread, and the measured value of the corresponding displacement sensor is also unchanged relatively; if the tread of the wheel is scratched or is unevenly worn, the relative height from the tread to the top of the rim changes, the vertical position of the pedal assembly 2 and the steel rail also changes relatively, and the change of the measured value of the displacement sensor is the magnitude of the scratch. And meanwhile, comparing the measured value with a new wheel without abrasion to obtain the abrasion loss of the tread of the wheel.
The first sliding plate 301 generates vertical displacement only when the height of the pedal assembly 2 needs to be adjusted, that is, the lifting driving mechanism 6 works, when the wheel presses the pedal assembly 2, the first sliding plate 301 keeps still, and the pedal assembly 2 displaces relative to the first sliding plate 301. The first sliding plate 301 is supported by the intermediate lifting driving mechanism 6, and the limitation of the movement direction depends on the sliding rail between the first sliding plate 301 and the fixed plate assembly 4. Because of processing and assembly errors, it is difficult to ensure that the displacement of the first sliding plate 301 during lifting is strictly vertical, and it is also difficult to ensure that the first sliding plate 301 does not displace when the wheel is pressed onto the pedal assembly 2, therefore, in this embodiment, by adding two guide post and guide sleeve mechanisms 11 on the first sliding plate 301, the first sliding plate 301 can be effectively limited to displace only along the direction constrained by the guide post and guide sleeve mechanisms 11, thereby reducing measurement errors and improving measurement accuracy.
Example 2
The device for detecting wheel runout by a contact method in this embodiment has a structure substantially the same as that in embodiment 1, and is mainly different in that: the embodiment also comprises a bottom plate assembly 5, wherein the bottom plate assembly 5 is fixedly arranged below the track 1, and the fixed plate assembly 4, the lifting driving mechanism 6 and the guide post and guide sleeve mechanism 11 are fixedly arranged on the bottom plate assembly 5. As shown in fig. 11, the guide post and guide sleeve mechanism 11 of the present embodiment includes a base 1101, a guide sleeve 1102 and a guide post 1104, wherein the base 1101 is fixedly mounted on the bottom plate assembly 5, the guide sleeve 1102 is fixedly mounted on the upper portion of the first sliding plate 301, the bottom of the guide post 1104 is fixedly mounted on the base 1101, the upper portion of the guide post 1104 passes through the guide sleeve 1102, a liner 1103 is further disposed between the guide sleeve 1102 and the guide post 1104, and balls are disposed on the liner 1103.
Example 3
The device for detecting wheel runout by a contact method in this embodiment is basically the same as embodiment 2 in structure, and mainly differs in that: as shown in fig. 9, the bottom plate assembly 5 of the present embodiment includes a bottom support plate 501, a first rail pressing plate 502 and a second rail pressing plate 508 are disposed on the bottom support plate 501, the first rail pressing plate 502 is fixedly connected with the bottom support plate 501 through a pressing plate bolt 503, and two sides of the bottom of the rail 1 are respectively pressed and fastened between the first rail pressing plate 502, the second rail pressing plate 508 and the bottom support plate 501; the bottom supporting plate 501 is also provided with a pressing plate nut 504, the pressing plate nut 504 is provided with a seaming profiling with the side edge of the bottom of the track 1, and the pressing plate nut 504 is fixedly connected with a fixing lug 506 at the bottom of the bottom supporting plate 501 through a pull rod bolt 505. When the pull rod bolts 505 fasten the clamp plate nuts 504 through the fixing lugs 506, the nip distance between the clamp plate nuts 504 and the second rail clamp plate 508 is reduced, so that the bottom plate assembly 5 and the steel rail are tightly fixed together; the bottom support plate 501 is then further secured to the rail by means of the clamp bolts 503 and the first rail clamp 502. In this embodiment, the two sides of the bottom supporting plate 501 are further provided with reinforcing ribs 507, and the bottom supporting plate 501 and the reinforcing ribs 507 are integrated, and can be cast or welded to ensure the overall rigidity of the mechanism, so as to meet the measurement accuracy requirement of the whole mechanism.
The sliding rail mechanisms comprise sliding blocks and guide rails which are matched with each other, the pedal assembly 2 and the fixed plate assembly 4 are respectively and fixedly provided with the sliding blocks, the first sliding plate 301 is correspondingly provided with the guide rails which are in sliding fit with the sliding blocks, the sliding rail mechanisms between the first sliding plate 301 and the fixed plate assembly 4 are vertically arranged relative to the first sliding plate 301, and the sliding rail mechanisms between the first sliding plate 301 and the pedal assembly 2 are obliquely arranged relative to the first sliding plate 301, so that the structural stability of the whole device is improved, and the impact effect of the wheel pair measuring device is effectively reduced.
Example 4
The device for detecting wheel runout by a contact method in this embodiment has a structure substantially the same as that in embodiment 3, and is mainly different in that: in this embodiment, a second sliding plate 302 is further disposed between the first sliding plate 301 and the fixed plate assembly 4, the second sliding plate 302 is connected with the first sliding plate 301 through a bearing, and is connected with the fixed plate assembly 4 through a sliding rail mechanism, and the displacement sensor is correspondingly mounted on the second sliding plate 302. Specifically, a displacement sensor mounting plate 10 (an avoidance hole corresponding to the guide post is machined on the displacement sensor mounting plate 10) is fixedly installed above the second sliding plate 302, and the displacement sensor is fixedly connected with the displacement sensor mounting plate 10 and is located above the displacement sensing plate 901.
Although the clearance of the guide post and guide sleeve mechanism 11 is small, there is still a clearance, and when the pedal assembly 2 is pressed on by the wheel, the first sliding plate 301 still generates a small inclination, which is small enough to influence the measurement accuracy of the device. Based on the above, in the present embodiment, the second sliding plate 302 is added between the first sliding plate 301 and the fixed plate assembly 4, and the displacement sensor is connected to the second sliding plate 302, and the second sliding plate 302 is connected to the first sliding plate 301 through the bearing, so that when the first sliding plate 301 is tilted due to the wheel pressing pedal assembly 2, the second sliding plate 302 is not tilted, thereby not affecting the accuracy of data measurement.
Example 5
The device for detecting wheel runout by a contact method in this embodiment is basically the same as that in embodiment 4, and is mainly different in that: as shown in fig. 10, the lifting driving mechanism 6 of the present embodiment includes a servo motor cylinder 601, the servo motor cylinder 601 includes a servo motor and a cylinder body, a liftable piston rod is provided in the cylinder body, the cylinder body of the servo motor cylinder 601 is fixedly mounted on the bottom plate assembly, the free end of the piston rod 602 is fixedly connected with a connecting block 604, and the connecting block 604 is fixedly connected with the first sliding plate 301. The piston rod is driven to rise and fall by a transmission member in the cylinder body, thereby driving the first slide plate 301 to move up and down.
Specifically, in this embodiment, the free end of the piston rod 602 is screwed with the connection block 604 and locked by the connection nut 603, the connection block 604 is processed into an L-shaped structure, and the first sliding plate 301 is supported and mounted on the connection block 604 and fastened by a bolt. The connecting nut 603 is pre-installed on the piston rod 602, and when the piston rod 602 is connected with the connecting block 604, the connecting nut 603 is screwed upwards, so that the piston rod 602 and the connecting block 604 are tightly fixed.
The inventor adopts the existing servo motor-lead screw nut mechanism as a lifting driving mechanism, drives the lead screw to rotate through the servo motor, and enables the lead screw nut to move up and down along the axial direction of the lead screw, so that the sliding plate is driven to lift through the lead screw nut. However, the lifting driving mechanism is easily limited by motor torque, when the motor drives the sliding plate to lift, the overload alarm of the servo motor is not easy to be caused due to the torque of the servo motor, and a sliding plate braking (external band-type brake) system is additionally arranged. In this embodiment, the servo motor is replaced by the servo motor cylinder 601, so that the sliding plate can be directly driven to lift by lifting the piston rod of the servo motor cylinder 601, and a sliding plate braking (external band-type brake) system is not required to be additionally arranged.
Example 6
The device for detecting wheel runout by a contact method in this embodiment is basically the same as embodiment 5 in structure, and is mainly different in that: in this embodiment, the vertical plate of the connecting block 604 is internally provided with a step hole, the large hole diameter of the step hole is just matched with the bearing outer ring, and the small hole diameter is smaller than the diameter of the bearing outer ring, so that the connecting block is used as a bearing retainer ring. A bearing 605 is installed in the stepped hole, and a bearing pin is arranged in the second sliding plate 302 and inserted into the bearing 605 to be hinged with the connecting block 604.
When the first slide plate 301 is tilted, the connection block 604 is brought together to tilt, but the articulation of the bearing 605 may be such that the second slide plate 302 is not tilted. The second sliding plate 302 is provided with a fifth sliding rail 705 at both ends, a sliding block part of the fifth sliding rail 705 is connected with the second sliding plate 302, and a guide rail part thereof is connected with the fixed plate assembly. Therefore, when the servo motor cylinder is lifted, the second slide plate 302 can be driven to lift together.
The contact method wheel diameter jump detection method of the embodiment comprises the following steps:
step one, pedal assembly height adjustment: according to the rim height of the train wheels to be detected, the first sliding plate 301 is driven to lift by the lifting driving mechanism 6, at the moment, no relative motion exists between the pedal assembly 2 and the first sliding plate 301 and between the pedal assembly 2 and the second sliding plate 302, the pedal assembly 2 and the second sliding plate 302 are lifted synchronously along with the first sliding plate 301, and when the pedal assembly 2 is lifted to a specified position, the lifting driving mechanism 6 stops working at the moment;
step two, a wheel detection process: when the pedal assembly 2 is pressed by the wheel, the pedal assembly 2 is pressed by the wheel rim to generate displacement obliquely downwards along the direction of the sliding rail, and in the descending process of the pedal assembly 2, the first sliding plate 301 and the second sliding plate 302 are kept motionless relative to the fixed plate assembly 4, at the moment, the displacement sensor generates relative displacement relative to the displacement sensing plate 901, and the displacement of the pedal assembly 2 pressed by the wheel rim when the wheel passes is obtained through conversion; the radial runout condition of the wheel tread of the train can be obtained by processing the data acquired by the displacement sensor in the circumference of the wheel tread;
step three, when the wheels leave, the pedal assembly 2 is restored to the initial position under the action of the elastic element 8; at this time, the lifting drive mechanism 6 continues to start to operate, and the pedal assembly 2 is driven to descend to a specified position, in which the wheel rim cannot be pressed against the pedal assembly 2 regardless of the rim height of the passing wheel.
Example 7
The wheel radial runout detection device according to the present embodiment has a structure substantially the same as that of embodiment 6, and is mainly different in that: referring to fig. 1-7, the fixing plate assembly 4 of this embodiment includes a main fixing plate 401, end fixing plates 402 located at two ends of the main fixing plate 401, and an upper sealing plate 403 located at the top of the main fixing plate 401, where the main fixing plate 401, the end fixing plates 402, and the upper sealing plate 403 jointly surround to form a box structure. The first sliding plate 301 is slidably connected with the pedal assembly 2 through the first sliding rail 701, is slidably connected with the main fixing plate 401 through the second sliding rail 702, and is slidably connected with the end fixing plate 402 through the third sliding rail 703, and the second sliding plate 302 is located between the first sliding plate 301 and the main fixing plate 401, so that the stability of the whole device structure and the stability of the sliding plate in the up-and-down motion process can be further improved, and the measurement accuracy is guaranteed (the guide pillar is fixedly installed between the bottom plate assembly and the upper sealing plate 403). More preferably, in this embodiment, an intermediate fixing plate 404 is further disposed between the first sliding plate 301 and the pedal assembly 2, and the first sliding plate 301 and the intermediate fixing plate 404 are slidably connected through a fourth sliding rail 704, so that the main fixing plate 401, the end fixing plate 402, the upper sealing plate 403 and the intermediate fixing plate 404 together surround to form a relatively closed box-type structure, and the first sliding plate 301 is installed inside the box-type fixing plate assembly.
Example 8
The device for detecting wheel runout by a contact method in this embodiment is basically the same as embodiment 7 in structure, and is mainly different in that: the two ends of the elastic element 8 are fixedly connected with the first sliding plate 301 and the pedal assembly 2 respectively, and the installation direction of the elastic element 8 is parallel to the installation direction of the sliding rail mechanism between the first sliding plate 301 and the pedal assembly 2. Specifically, as shown in fig. 12 and 13, the elastic element 8 in this embodiment adopts a tension spring, two ends of the tension spring are respectively provided with a spring hook, the pedal assembly 2 and the first sliding plate 301 are respectively provided with a spring pin 804 (the height of the spring pin on the pedal assembly 2 is lower than that of the spring pin on the first sliding plate 301), the spring pins 804 are respectively provided with a hook groove 805 corresponding to the spring hook, and two ends of the tension spring are respectively mounted in the spring hook grooves through the spring hook. When the wheel rolls the pedal assembly 2, the pedal assembly 2 moves downwards, thereby stretching the elastic element 8 downwards, and when the wheel gradually leaves the pedal, the pedal assembly 2 gradually returns under the action of the elastic element 8.
Example 9
The device for detecting wheel runout by a contact method in this embodiment is basically the same as embodiment 8 in structure, and is mainly different in that: as shown in fig. 7, the elastic element 8 of this embodiment adopts a compression spring, one end of the compression spring is fixedly mounted on the first sliding plate 301 through an elastic element support 801, an elastic element support plate 803 corresponding to the other end of the compression spring is disposed on the pedal assembly 2 (the height of the elastic element support plate 803 is greater than that of the elastic element support 801), an elastic element adjusting plate 802 is correspondingly disposed above the elastic element support plate 803 on the first sliding plate 301, a threaded hole is machined on the elastic element adjusting plate 802, a jackscrew passes through the threaded hole and abuts against the elastic element support plate 803, that is, the adjustment of the pre-compression force of the spring is realized by using the jackscrew, and after the adjustment is performed to a predetermined position, the jackscrew is fastened by using a nut (omitted in the drawing). When the wheel rolls the pedal assembly 2, the pedal assembly 2 drives the elastic element support plate 803 to move downwards, so that the elastic element 8 is further compressed, and when the wheel gradually leaves the pedal, the pedal assembly 2 gradually returns under the action of the elastic element 8.
Example 10
The wheel radial runout detection device according to the present embodiment has a structure substantially the same as that of embodiment 9, and is mainly different in that: as shown in fig. 3, the pedal assembly 2 of the present embodiment includes a pedal 201 and a pedal support plate 202, the pedal 201 being mounted on the pedal support plate 202; the displacement sensing plate 901, the first sliding rail 701, the elastic element supporting plate 803 and the spring pin 804 are all mounted on the pedal supporting plate 202. The pedal is in a strip shape, the length of the pedal is determined to be arranged in a segmented mode according to the number of actually arranged measuring mechanisms, and the total length of the pedals of the plurality of detecting mechanisms is not smaller than the circumference of the tread of the wheel.
The invention and its embodiments have been described above by way of illustration and not limitation, and the invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings and described in the drawings in which the actual structure is not limited thereto. Therefore, if one of ordinary skill in the art is informed by this disclosure, the structural mode and the embodiments similar to the technical scheme are not creatively designed without departing from the gist of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a contact method wheel footpath detection device which characterized in that: the pedal assembly (2), the first sliding plate (301) and the fixed plate assembly (4) are arranged on the inner side of the track (1) and are parallel to each other, and the pedal assembly further comprises a guide post and guide sleeve mechanism (11), wherein the first sliding plate (301) passes through the guide post and guide sleeve mechanism (11) and is connected with the pedal assembly (2) and the fixed plate assembly (4) in a sliding way through a sliding rail mechanism, and an elastic element (8) is arranged between the first sliding plate (301) and the lifting driving mechanism (6) and between the first sliding plate and the pedal assembly (2); the pedal assembly (2) is provided with a displacement sensing plate (901), and the first sliding plate (301) is correspondingly provided with a displacement sensor.
2. The contact wheel radial runout detection device according to claim 1, wherein: the lifting device further comprises a bottom plate assembly (5), the bottom plate assembly (5) is fixedly arranged below the track (1), and the fixed plate assembly (4), the lifting driving mechanism (6) and the guide pillar and guide sleeve mechanism (11) are fixedly arranged on the bottom plate assembly (5).
3. The contact wheel radial runout detection device according to claim 1, wherein: guide sleeve (1102) of guide pillar and guide sleeve mechanism (11) is fixedly mounted on the upper portion of first sliding plate (301), guide pillar (1104) passes guide sleeve (1102) and is equipped with inside lining (1103) with between guide sleeve (1102), be equipped with the ball on inside lining (1103).
4. A contact wheel runout detection device according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein: a second sliding plate (302) is further arranged between the first sliding plate (301) and the fixed plate assembly (4), the second sliding plate (302) is connected with the first sliding plate (301) through a bearing, the second sliding plate is connected with the fixed plate assembly (4) through a sliding rail mechanism, and the displacement sensor is correspondingly arranged on the second sliding plate (302).
5. The contact wheel radial runout detection device according to claim 4, wherein: the lifting driving mechanism (6) comprises a servo electric cylinder (601), the free end of a piston rod (602) of the servo electric cylinder (601) is fixedly connected with a connecting block (604), and the connecting block (604) is fixedly connected with the first sliding plate (301).
6. The contact wheel radial runout detection device according to claim 5, wherein: and a bearing (605) is arranged in the connecting block (604), and a bearing pin is arranged in the second sliding plate (302), and is inserted into the bearing (605) to be hinged with the connecting block (604).
7. A contact wheel runout detection device according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein: the sliding rail mechanism between the first sliding plate (301) and the pedal assembly (2) is obliquely arranged relative to the first sliding plate (301), and the sliding rail mechanism between the first sliding plate (301) and the fixed plate assembly (4) is vertically arranged relative to the first sliding plate (301).
8. A contact wheel runout detection device according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein: the fixing plate assembly (4) comprises a main fixing plate (401), end fixing plates (402) positioned at two ends of the main fixing plate (401) and an upper sealing plate (403) positioned at the top of the main fixing plate (401), and the main fixing plate (401), the end fixing plates (402) and the upper sealing plate (403) jointly surround to form a box-type structure; the first sliding plate (301) is connected with the pedal assembly (2) in a sliding way through a first sliding rail (701), is connected with the main fixing plate (401) in a sliding way through a second sliding rail (702), and is connected with the end fixing plate (402) in a sliding way through a third sliding rail (703); an intermediate fixing plate (404) is further arranged between the first sliding plate (301) and the pedal assembly (2), and the first sliding plate (301) and the intermediate fixing plate (404) are connected in a sliding mode through a fourth sliding rail (704).
9. A contact wheel runout detection device according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein: the installation direction of the elastic element (8) is parallel to the installation direction of the sliding rail mechanism between the first sliding plate (301) and the pedal assembly (2), and the elastic element adopts a tension spring or compression spring structure; the pedal assembly (2) comprises a pedal (201) and a pedal support plate (202), wherein the pedal (201) is arranged on the pedal support plate (202); the displacement sensing plate (901) and the first sliding rail (701) are both arranged on the pedal supporting plate (202).
10. A contact method wheel diameter jump detection method is characterized in that: the wheel radial runout detection device adopting the contact method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising the following steps:
step one, pedal assembly height adjustment: according to the rim height of the train wheels to be detected, the first sliding plate (301) is driven to ascend and descend through the lifting driving mechanism (6), at the moment, no relative motion exists between the pedal assembly (2) and the first sliding plate (301) and between the pedal assembly and the second sliding plate (302), the pedal assembly (2) and the second sliding plate (302) synchronously ascend and descend along with the first sliding plate (301), and when the pedal assembly (2) ascends and descends to a specified position, the lifting driving mechanism (6) stops working at the moment;
step two, a wheel detection process: when the pedal assembly (2) is pressed by the wheel, the pedal assembly (2) is pressed by the wheel rim to generate displacement obliquely downwards along the direction of the sliding rail, the first sliding plate (301) and the second sliding plate (302) are kept motionless relative to the fixed plate assembly (4) in the descending process of the pedal assembly (2), at the moment, the displacement sensor generates relative displacement relative to the displacement sensing plate (901), and the displacement of the pedal assembly (2) pressed by the wheel rim when the wheel passes through is obtained through conversion; the radial runout condition of the wheel tread of the train can be obtained by processing the data acquired by the displacement sensor in the circumference of the wheel tread;
step three, when the wheels leave, the pedal assembly (2) is restored to the initial position under the action of the elastic element (8); at this time, the lifting driving mechanism (6) continues to start to work, and the pedal assembly (2) is driven to descend to a specified position, and the wheel rim cannot be pressed to the pedal assembly (2) no matter what the rim height of the passing wheel is.
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| CN201811494936.9A CN110962881B (en) | 2018-12-07 | 2018-12-07 | Contact method wheel diameter jump detection device and detection method |
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| CN201811494936.9A CN110962881B (en) | 2018-12-07 | 2018-12-07 | Contact method wheel diameter jump detection device and detection method |
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| CN214084265U (en) * | 2018-12-07 | 2021-08-31 | 马鞍山市雷狮轨道交通装备有限公司 | Contact method wheel diameter is jumped detection device |
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| CN103587548A (en) * | 2013-11-11 | 2014-02-19 | 南京理工大学 | Device and method for detecting wheel out-of-roundness of urban rail vehicle through sensor direct measurement |
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