CN110959623A - Water hyacinth growth inhibition combined medicament - Google Patents
Water hyacinth growth inhibition combined medicament Download PDFInfo
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- CN110959623A CN110959623A CN201911330696.3A CN201911330696A CN110959623A CN 110959623 A CN110959623 A CN 110959623A CN 201911330696 A CN201911330696 A CN 201911330696A CN 110959623 A CN110959623 A CN 110959623A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/90—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having two or more relevant hetero rings, condensed among themselves or with a common carbocyclic ring system
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
- A01N25/30—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests characterised by the surfactants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N59/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds
- A01N59/02—Sulfur; Selenium; Tellurium; Compounds thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N59/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds
- A01N59/16—Heavy metals; Compounds thereof
- A01N59/20—Copper
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
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- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a water hyacinth growth inhibitor and a preparation method and application thereof. A water hyacinth growth inhibitor is characterized by comprising a medicament A and a medicament B; wherein the weight percentages are as follows: a drug A: the concentration of the methotrexate is 0.001mg-100g/L, the concentration of the alkalescent surfactant is 0.01-5%, and the concentration of sodium chloride and/or ammonium chloride is 1-15%; and (3) a medicament B: the copper sulfate solution with the concentration of 10 percent and the zinc sulfate solution with the concentration of 10 percent are mixed, wherein the copper sulfate solution with the concentration of 10 percent and the zinc sulfate solution with the concentration of 10 percent account for 0.01 to 5 percent of the mixed solution. And the time of application of the two to obtain the synergistic effect is preferably 8-10 hours, and the effective concentration of the methotrexate is obtained. According to the invention, through the compounding effect of the medicament A and the medicament B, the medicament A and the medicament B are cooperatively used for inhibiting the growth of the water hyacinth, so that the water body polluted by the water hyacinth can be cleaned and purified, and the growth of the water hyacinth can be quickly inhibited.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of biological herbicides, and particularly relates to a water hyacinth growth inhibitor, a preparation method and a use method thereof.
Background
The water hyacinth is originally produced in south America, is introduced into China as a flower in 1901, is popularized and planted as a plant for viewing and purifying water quality, and escapes to be wild. Due to the extremely high vegetative propagation speed, the plant has been widely distributed in 19 provinces and cities in North China, east China, south China and southwest China, and the invasion condition is serious. The water hyacinth can adsorb and clean heavy metal substances and various harmful elements in water, is a good plant for cleaning water quality, but is troublesome in that the water hyacinth is rapidly developed in rivers and lakes in south China due to extremely high propagation speed and almost no natural enemies and competitors, and becomes one of main foreign invasive species in fresh water bodies in China. In recent years, with the evolution of global warming and his natural selection, the hazard zone has a tendency to expand north.
At present, the known water hyacinth methods comprise mechanical fishing, biological control, chemical treatment and the like, the effect is limited, the most effective method is manual fishing, but the cost is huge. Therefore, the inhibition of the excessive growth of the water hyacinth has important significance for protecting the ecological environment.
The invention patents, CN1568699A water hyacinth killing agent and CN105746491A chemical method for preventing and killing water hyacinth and algae, both of which apply for herbicide, can cause secondary pollution to the environment and are not environment-friendly.
In the invention patent, CN10649961A methotrexate is used as a water hyacinth growth inhibitor, although the method is environment-friendly and nontoxic, because the methotrexate is insoluble in water and because of the hydrophobicity of the leaf surface of the water hyacinth, the drug effect of the methotrexate cannot reach the interior of the water hyacinth, and the exertion of the drug effect is limited.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the defects, the invention aims to provide a water hyacinth growth inhibitor which is safe, environment-friendly and high in drug effect, a preparation method and a use method thereof.
In order to achieve the purpose of the invention, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a water hyacinth growth inhibitor comprises:
a drug A: 0.001mg-100g/L of triamterene, 0.01-5% of surfactant and 1-15% of sodium chloride and/or ammonium chloride.
And (3) a medicament B: 0.01-5% of copper sulfate with the concentration of 10% and 0.01-5% of zinc sulfate with the concentration of 10%.
Wherein the surfactant is a weakly alkaline surfactant.
The invention provides a preparation method of a water hyacinth growth inhibitor, which comprises the following steps:
a drug A: dissolving surfactant according to the concentration requirement of 0.01-5%, adding triamterene, dissolving, and adding 1-15% sodium chloride and/or ammonium chloride;
and (3) a medicament B: respectively dissolving copper sulfate and zinc sulfate in water according to the mass ratio of 10%, and then mixing according to the mixture ratio requirement of 0.01-5%.
Preferably:
a drug A: dissolving 2% of surfactant, and dissolving the triamterene according to the proportion of 40 g/L;
and (3) a medicament B: respectively mixing and dissolving 10% copper sulfate and zinc sulfate according to a proportion of 4%.
Preferably, the surfactant may be a weakly basic surfactant, such as: sodium hexametaphosphate, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate and the like are used for solving the technical problems of insolubility of the triamterene in water and poor effect, and other medicaments can be easily attached to the leaf surface and easily permeate into the water hyacinth, so that the pesticide effect is fully exerted, and the pesticide effect exerting speed and the pesticide effect permeation degree are improved.
The invention also provides a using method of the water hyacinth growth inhibitor, which comprises the following steps:
the agent A is uniformly sprayed on the water hyacinth, and the agent B is sprayed on the water hyacinth within 2 days.
Preferably, the agent a is uniformly sprayed on the water hyacinth and the agent B is sprayed on the water hyacinth after 4-15 hours.
Preferably, the agent a is uniformly sprayed on the water hyacinth and the agent B is sprayed on the water hyacinth after 8 hours.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENT (S) OF INVENTION
The water hyacinth growth inhibitor is provided and comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
a drug A: 0.001mg-100g/L of methotrexate, 0.01-5% of surfactant and 1-15% of ammonium chloride.
And (3) a medicament B: 0.01-5% of copper sulfate with the concentration of 10% and 0.01-5% of zinc sulfate with the concentration of 10%.
It should be noted that the agent A is sprayed on the water hyacinth and the agent B is sprayed in one day.
Example 1, taking 100 water hyacinth plants as experimental subjects, the following were taken:
a drug A: 5g/L of methotrexate, 1% of surfactant and 1% of ammonium chloride;
and (3) a medicament B: 1 percent of copper sulfate with the concentration of 10 percent and 1 percent of zinc sulfate with the concentration of 10 percent;
firstly spraying the prepared medicament A on the water hyacinth, and spraying the medicament B ten hours after spraying the medicament A. Thereafter, 100 water hyacinth plants after spraying agent A and agent B were observed and the withered leaves and roots of the water hyacinth plants after spraying were recorded.
The obtained water hyacinth leaves are withered after being sprayed for 6 days, the water hyacinth parts are withered after 7 days, the leaf withering rate is 47.22 percent, the rhizome withering rate is 46.00 percent, the leaf withering rate is 55.32 percent after 10 days, the rhizome withering rate is 51.00 percent, the leaf withering rate of the water hyacinth reaches 82.40 percent after 15 days, and the rhizome withering rate reaches 81 percent; after 15 days, the withering rate of leaves reaches 90.42 percent, and the withering rate of rhizomes reaches 88 percent; the withering rate of the leaves of the water hyacinth reaches 92.30 percent after 17 days, the withering rate of the rhizomes is 90 percent, and the withering rates of the leaves and the rhizomes are not obviously changed any more after 18 to 19 days, which shows that the growth of the water hyacinth is inhibited by combining the medicament A and the medicament B with the above dosages, and the effect is obvious.
Embodiment 2, preferably, provides a water hyacinth growth inhibitor, comprising, by mass:
a drug A: 10g/L of methotrexate, 1% of surfactant and 5% of ammonium chloride;
and (3) a medicament B: 3 percent of copper sulfate with the concentration of 10 percent and 3 percent of zinc sulfate with the concentration of 10 percent;
firstly spraying the prepared medicament A on the water hyacinth, and spraying the medicament B ten hours after spraying the medicament A. Thereafter, 100 water hyacinth plants after spraying agent A and agent B were observed and the withered leaves and roots of the water hyacinth plants after spraying were recorded.
The obtained water hyacinth leaves are withered after being sprayed for 5 days, the withering rate of the water hyacinth leaves reaches 51.00 percent after 7 days, the withering rate of roots and stems reaches 49.00 percent, the withering rate of the leaves reaches 66.70 percent after 10 days, and the withering rate of the roots and stems is 65.00 percent; the withering rate of leaves is 90.37% after 12 days, and the withering rate of rhizomes is 89%; the leaf withering rate of the water hyacinth is 95.07 percent after 15 days, the rhizome withering rate is about 94 percent after the rhizome withering rate, and the leaf and rhizome withering rates are not changed after 16 days/17 days, which shows that the effect is more obvious when the medicament A and the medicament B are combined to inhibit the growth of the water hyacinth, compared with the low-concentration medicament in the previous embodiment.
Embodiment 3, preferably, provides a water hyacinth growth inhibitor, comprising, by mass:
a drug A: 50g/L of methotrexate, 1% of surfactant and 8% of ammonium chloride;
and (3) a medicament B: 3 percent of copper sulfate with the concentration of 10 percent and 3 percent of zinc sulfate with the concentration of 10 percent;
firstly spraying the prepared medicament A on the water hyacinth, and spraying the medicament B ten hours after spraying the medicament A. Thereafter, 100 water hyacinth plants after spraying agent A and agent B were observed and the withered leaves and roots of the water hyacinth plants after spraying were recorded.
After the water hyacinth is sprayed for 3 days, the leaf withering rate reaches 34%, the rhizome withering rate reaches 31%, the water hyacinth leaf withering rate reaches 51.20% after 5 days, the rhizome withering rate reaches 49.00%, the leaf withering rate reaches 68.45% after 7 days, and the rhizome withering rate reaches 65.00%; the leaf wilt rate of the water hyacinth is 89.22 percent after 10 days, the rhizome wilt rate is about 90 percent, the rhizome wilt rate is 100 percent after 12 days, the water hyacinth is completely killed, and the leaf and rhizome wilt rates are not changed after 13 days/14 days, which shows that the effect is more obvious when the medicament A and the medicament B are combined to inhibit the growth of the water hyacinth, compared with the low-concentration medicament in the previous embodiment.
Embodiment 4, preferably, provides a water hyacinth growth inhibitor, comprising, by mass:
a drug A: 100g/L of methotrexate, 1% of surfactant and 15% of ammonium chloride;
and (3) a medicament B: 5 percent of copper sulfate with the concentration of 10 percent and 5 percent of zinc sulfate with the concentration of 10 percent;
firstly spraying the prepared medicament A on the water hyacinth, and spraying the medicament B ten hours after spraying the medicament A. Thereafter, 100 water hyacinth plants after spraying agent A and agent B were observed and the withered leaves and roots of the water hyacinth plants after spraying were recorded.
The obtained water hyacinth leaves wither after being sprayed for 6 days, the water hyacinth parts wither after 8 days, the leaf withering rate is 56.37% after 10 days, the rhizome withering rate is 52.00%, the leaf withering rate reaches 69.20% after 12 days, and the rhizome withering rate reaches 67%; after 15 days, the withering rate of the leaves of the water hyacinth reaches 83.20 percent, and the withering rate of the roots reaches 81 percent; the leaf wilt rate of the water hyacinth reaches 92.31 percent after 17 days, the rhizome wilt rate is about 90 percent, and the leaf and rhizome wilt rates are not obviously changed any more after 18 days/19 days, which shows that the growth of the water hyacinth is inhibited by combining the medicament A and the medicament B with the above dosages, the effect is not better than that of the previous embodiment although the dosage is increased, and the effect is not better even if the dosage of the medicament is increased upwards, so that the effect of the embodiment is better.
Embodiment 5, preferably, provides a water hyacinth growth inhibitor, comprising, by mass:
a drug A: 50g/L of methotrexate, 1% of surfactant and 8% of ammonium chloride;
and (3) a medicament B: 3 percent of copper sulfate with the concentration of 10 percent and 3 percent of zinc sulfate with the concentration of 10 percent;
spraying the prepared medicament A on the water hyacinth at first, and spraying the medicament B immediately after spraying the medicament A. Thereafter, 100 water hyacinth plants after spraying agent A and agent B were observed and the withered leaves and roots of the water hyacinth plants after spraying were recorded.
The obtained water hyacinth leaf withering is observed 7 days after spraying, the leaf withering rate reaches 33.20%, the rhizome withering rate reaches 30%, the water hyacinth leaf withering rate reaches 50.10% after 15 days, the rhizome withering rate is 48.00%, the leaf withering rate reaches 67.15% after 17 days, and the rhizome withering rate is 64.00%; the withering rate of the water hyacinth is about 80 percent at the root and stem withering rate after 20 days, and the withering rate of the leaves and the roots is not changed after 21 days, which shows that the higher withering rate of the roots and the stems of the water hyacinth can be obtained by combining the medicament A and the medicament B with the above dosage to inhibit the growth of the water hyacinth, but the medicament B is directly sprayed after the medicament A is sprayed, so the effective speed is not particularly obvious, the withering effect can be generated after 7 days, the withering rate of the medicament B with the full effect of 80 percent needs about 20 days, and the withering effect of the medicament B sprayed immediately after the medicament A is sprayed is good without waiting for a period of time.
Embodiment 6, preferably, provides a water hyacinth growth inhibitor, comprising, by mass:
a drug A: 50g/L of methotrexate, 1% of surfactant and 8% of ammonium chloride;
and (3) a medicament B: 3 percent of copper sulfate with the concentration of 10 percent and 3 percent of zinc sulfate with the concentration of 10 percent;
spraying the prepared medicament A on the water hyacinth at first, and spraying the medicament B after 48 hours after spraying the medicament A. Thereafter, 100 water hyacinth plants after spraying agent A and agent B were observed and the withered leaves and roots of the water hyacinth plants after spraying were recorded.
The obtained water hyacinth leaf withering is observed 7 days after spraying, after 10 days, the leaf withering rate reaches 30.10%, the rhizome withering rate reaches 28%, the water hyacinth leaf withering rate reaches 50.21% after 15 days, the rhizome withering rate is 47.00%, the leaf withering rate reaches 66.44% after 17 days, and the rhizome withering rate is 63.00%; the withering rate of the water hyacinth is about 80 percent after 20 days, and the withering rate of the leaves and the roots is not changed after 21 days, which shows that the growth of the water hyacinth is inhibited by combining the medicament A and the medicament B with the dosage, can obtain higher water hyacinth rhizome withering rate, but because the medicament B is sprayed 2 days after the medicament A is sprayed, the medicament A cannot generate good synergistic effect with the medicament B in time, the acting speed of the water hyacinth withering is not obvious, and the withering rate and the withering speed of spraying the medicament B ten hours after spraying the medicament A are greatly reduced, the withering effect can be achieved after 7 days, and the withering rate that the drug effect fully exerts effect to 80% requires a time of about 20 days, which shows that the effect of spraying the drug B after long time interval after spraying the drug A is not good when the drug B is sprayed after waiting for a proper time.
TABLE 1
The leaf withering rate in table 1 is obtained by dividing the withering number of the leaves of the water hyacinth after spraying the chemical for several days by the approximate sum of all the leaves which survive before the test on 100 water hyacinth, wherein the withering of the leaves includes but is not limited to the withering of the leaves in a point shape, the withering of the edge of the leaves, the withering of the leaves in a sheet shape, etc., because the number of the new leaves grown from the water hyacinth during the test is not large, and the growth of the new leaves is inhibited after spraying the chemical, so the small number of the new leaves is not included in the range of the total leaves, the number of the total leaves mentioned in this embodiment is calculated and marked manually, and there may be several counting deviations, which are within the range of the test deviation, and thus are not considered. Wherein, the withering rate of the rhizome mainly refers to the withering number of the rhizome of the hyacinth.
As can be seen from Table 1, after the agent A and the agent B are independently sprayed according to requirements, the withering rate of leaves and the withering rate of roots of the water hyacinth are not obviously increased after 12 days, the situation of drug effect is presented, and according to subsequent observation, the withering rate of the water hyacinth only sprayed with the agent A or the agent B is respectively stopped at 40 percent and 25 percent and is not increased, the effect of the agent A and the agent B used independently is not good, the purpose of completely inhibiting the growth of the water hyacinth cannot be achieved, and the effect of the agent B used independently as an inhibitor for inhibiting the growth of the water hyacinth is low, the purpose of completely killing the water hyacinth cannot be achieved, and the required effect can not be achieved.
However, as can be seen from the above examples and table 1, the combination of the agent a and the agent B and the subsequent spraying of the combination on the water hyacinth are carried out in appropriate doses, and particularly in the case of the example 3, the mortality rate of the water hyacinth sprayed with the agent a and the agent B is highest after 12 days and all the water hyacinth is dead. And the mortality rate of the water hyacinth reaches 47 percent only in three days, which is close to half of the mortality rate, and the good effect of inhibiting the growth of the water hyacinth is achieved.
Through carrying out the comprehensive evaluation to multiunit experimental data, this kind of synergistic effect that water hyacinth after spraying medicament A and medicament B in proper order produced after whole spraying medicaments finishes is very obvious, and the suppression that carries out water hyacinth growth alone in medicament A or medicament B all is very outstanding in inhibition efficiency and suppression effect.
Based on the above description, those skilled in the art will appreciate that the present invention can be embodied in various specific forms without changing its technical spirit or essential characteristics. Therefore, it should be understood that the above embodiments are not restrictive but illustrative in all aspects. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the description, and all changes and modifications that fall within the metes and bounds of the claims, or equivalents of such metes and bounds are therefore intended to be embraced by the claims.
Claims (10)
1. A water hyacinth growth inhibitor is characterized by comprising a medicament A and a medicament B;
wherein the weight percentages are as follows:
a drug A: the concentration of the methotrexate is 0.001mg-100g/L, the concentration of the alkalescent surfactant is 0.01-5%, and the concentration of sodium chloride and/or ammonium chloride is 1-15%;
and (3) a medicament B: the copper sulfate solution with the concentration of 10 percent and the zinc sulfate solution with the concentration of 10 percent are mixed, wherein the copper sulfate solution with the concentration of 10 percent and the zinc sulfate solution with the concentration of 10 percent account for 0.01 to 5 percent of the mixed solution.
2. The water hyacinth growth inhibitor according to claim 1,
the concentration of the triamterene is 10-50 g/L;
the content of sodium chloride and/or ammonium chloride is 5-10%.
3. The water hyacinth growth inhibitor according to claim 2, wherein:
the content of the triamterene is 40 g/L;
the content of the sodium chloride and/or the ammonium chloride is 10 percent.
4. The water hyacinth growth inhibitor according to claim 1,
1-4% of copper sulfate with the concentration of 10%;
the concentration of the 10% zinc sulfate is 1-4%.
5. The water hyacinth growth inhibitor according to claim 4,
the copper sulfate with the concentration of 10 percent is 2 percent;
the concentration of the 10% zinc sulfate is 2%.
6. Inhibitor according to claim 1, characterized in that the weakly basic surfactant is sodium hexametaphosphate and/or sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate.
7. A process for the preparation of the inhibitor according to any one of claims 1 to 6,
dissolving a weakly alkaline surfactant according to the requirement of 0.01-5% by mass ratio, dissolving the methotrexate according to the requirement of 0.001-100 g/L, and dissolving sodium chloride andor ammonium chloride according to the requirement of 1-15% to obtain a medicament A;
respectively dissolving 10 percent of copper sulfate and 10 percent of zinc sulfate in water according to the requirement of 0.01-5 percent to obtain a medicament B.
8. The production method according to claim 7,
dissolving 4% of surfactant by mass percent, and dissolving 40g/L of methotrexate to obtain a medicament A;
and respectively dissolving 10% copper sulfate and zinc sulfate in water according to the mass percentage of 2% to obtain a medicament B.
9. A method for using the water hyacinth growth inhibitor according to any one of claims 1 to 6,
firstly, the agent A is sprayed on the water hyacinth, and the agent B is sprayed on the water hyacinth after 1 to 20 hours.
10. The use method of the water hyacinth growth inhibitor according to claim 9,
firstly, the agent A is sprayed on the water hyacinth, and the agent B is sprayed on the water hyacinth after 8 to 10 hours.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112521220A (en) * | 2020-12-24 | 2021-03-19 | 广西柳钢环保股份有限公司 | Metallurgical slag-based soil conditioner special for bamboo shoots and preparation method thereof |
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| CN106489961A (en) * | 2016-10-19 | 2017-03-15 | 广西大学 | Application of the dyrenium as common waaterrthacinth growth inhibitor |
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| CN101199286A (en) * | 2006-12-12 | 2008-06-18 | 孙龙清 | Common water hyacinthes scavenger |
| CN106489961A (en) * | 2016-10-19 | 2017-03-15 | 广西大学 | Application of the dyrenium as common waaterrthacinth growth inhibitor |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112521220A (en) * | 2020-12-24 | 2021-03-19 | 广西柳钢环保股份有限公司 | Metallurgical slag-based soil conditioner special for bamboo shoots and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20200407 |