CN110951964B - Skew rolling ball-milling steel ball heat treatment system capable of realizing waste heat utilization - Google Patents
Skew rolling ball-milling steel ball heat treatment system capable of realizing waste heat utilization Download PDFInfo
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- CN110951964B CN110951964B CN201911319249.8A CN201911319249A CN110951964B CN 110951964 B CN110951964 B CN 110951964B CN 201911319249 A CN201911319249 A CN 201911319249A CN 110951964 B CN110951964 B CN 110951964B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/36—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for balls; for rollers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/62—Quenching devices
- C21D1/63—Quenching devices for bath quenching
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/0062—Heat-treating apparatus with a cooling or quenching zone
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of metal plastic forming process and equipment, and provides a skew rolling ball-milling steel ball heat treatment system capable of realizing waste heat utilization, which is used for completing the heat treatment of waste heat utilization
The continuous heat treatment process of controlled cooling, quenching and tempering of the oblique milling ball-milling steel ball comprises a rotating cage type controlled cooling device, a rotating cage type quenching device and a spiral tempering device, wherein steel ball conveying belts are arranged among the devices, and a heat insulation pipeline is arranged between the controlled cooling device and the tempering device to realize the utilization of waste heat in the controlled cooling process; the cooling control device and the quenching device both adopt a rotating cage type structure, and the cooling control time and the quenching time are accurately controlled by controlling the rotating speed of the rotating cage. The invention can realize the whole heat treatment process of the ball-milling steel ball by controlling the cooling, quenching and tempering by utilizing the waste heat of the steel ball; the cooling process is accurately controlled; the heat released in the cooling control process is recycled, extra heating is not needed during tempering, energy is saved, the environment is protected, the whole heat treatment process can be automated, and manpower is saved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of metal plastic forming processes and equipment, in particular to a heat treatment system for skew-rolling ball-milling steel balls, which can realize waste heat utilization.
Background
The ball-milling steel ball is widely applied to grinding various ores and other materials, is widely applied to industries such as mineral separation, cement, thermal power generation and the like, and is an industrial consumable product. The consumption of the steel balls in the world is 500-800 ten thousand tons every year, the consumption of the steel balls in China is 300-400 ten thousand tons, and the ball milling steel ball consumption is a big country.
The oblique rolling ball milling steel ball process can produce 30-180 steel balls per minute, the material utilization rate is up to 98%, and the oblique rolling ball milling steel ball process also has the advantages of high dimensional precision, low production cost and the like. The skew-rolled ball-milled steel ball generally needs to be subjected to a series of processes such as controlled cooling, quenching and tempering to improve the hardness and wear resistance.
The existing skew rolling ball-milling steel ball heat treatment system has the defects of large occupied area, low automation degree, energy conservation and environmental protection, and the problem needs to be solved urgently.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art, and aims to solve the problems of large occupied area, low automation degree, energy conservation, environmental friendliness and the like of the conventional heat treatment system.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a can realize waste heat utilization's oblique milling ball-milling steel ball thermal treatment system, includes that the cage accuse cold charge is put, cage guenching unit and spiral tempering installation that connect gradually through the steel ball conveyer belt, cage accuse cold charge with install the heat preservation pipeline between the spiral tempering installation and be used for conveying the heat.
Further, the rotary cage type cold control device comprises a first speed reduction motor, a first main shaft, a cold control rotary cage, a ball inlet channel, a ball outlet channel, an axial flow fan, an air outlet, a cold control outer cover and a cold control machine frame;
the cooling control rotating cage is a polygonal rotating cage and is arranged on the cooling control rack through the first main shaft, and the cooling control rotating cage can rotate around the first main shaft; the inner wall of the cold control rotating cage is provided with a spiral track for the ball milling steel ball to roll, and the spiral track is a single line or a plurality of lines;
the ball inlet channel and the ball outlet channel are respectively arranged on two end faces of the cold control rotating cage;
the axial flow fan is arranged at the lower part of the ball inlet end of the cooling control outer cover, the air outlet is arranged at the upper part of the ball outlet end of the cooling control outer cover, and the air outlet is used for installing the heat preservation pipeline; the air blown by the axial flow fan enters from the ball inlet end of the cooling control rotating cage, and enters the heat preservation pipeline from the ball outlet end of the ball control rotating cage through the air outlet;
the first speed reducing motor provides rotary power for the cold control rotating cage through the first main shaft;
the first speed reduction motor, the first main shaft and the cooling control outer cover are all installed on the cooling control rack.
Furthermore, the rotating cage type cooling control device is used for multi-pass ball entering and ball exiting, and the corresponding cooling control rotating cage spiral track is multi-thread;
the cold control rotating cage comprises a plurality of angle steels, steel pipes and spokes;
the number of the angle steels is equal to the number of the polygonal edges of the cooling control rotating cage, and the arrangement directions of the angle steels are parallel to the first main shaft; the angle steel is welded on the spoke and is fixed on the first main shaft through the spoke;
a plurality of rows of parallel steel pipes which are arranged in an inclined way are arranged between the adjacent angle steels, and a spiral track for the ball milling steel ball to roll through is formed between the adjacent steel pipes; the steel pipe is connected with the angle steel through a connecting piece, and the included angle between the connecting piece and the angle steel is a spiral track lead angle;
ball-milling steel balls enter the cooling control rotating cage through the ball inlet channel, roll to a ball outlet end along the spiral track along with the rotation of the cooling control rotating cage, are gradually cooled by the air blowing of the axial flow fan to reach a set temperature in the rolling process, and enter the ball outlet channel at the tail end of the spiral track.
Furthermore, the rotating cage type cooling control device is suitable for cooling the skew-rolled ball-milled steel balls from 1000-1200 ℃ to 800-900 ℃, and the cooling control time is accurately controlled.
Further, the rotary cage type quenching device comprises a second speed reducing motor, a second main shaft, a quenching rotary cage, a water tank, a quenching outer cover, a quenching rack, a ball inlet cylinder and a ball outlet cylinder;
the quenching rotating cage is a polygonal rotating cage and is arranged on the quenching rack through the second main shaft, and the quenching rotating cage can rotate around the second main shaft; the quenching rotating cage is positioned above the water tank, and the lower part of the quenching rotating cage is immersed in water; the inner wall of the quenching rotating cage is provided with a spiral track for rolling the ball-milling steel ball, and the spiral track is a single line or a plurality of lines;
the ball inlet cylinder and the ball outlet cylinder are respectively arranged on two end faces of the quenching rotating cage;
the quenching outer cover is arranged at the upper part of the quenching rotating cage;
the second motor provides rotary power for the quenching rotating cage through the second main shaft;
the quenching rotating cage, the water tank, the second speed reducing motor and the quenching outer cover are all arranged on the quenching rack.
Furthermore, the rotating cage type quenching device adopts multi-pass ball inlet and ball outlet, and the corresponding quenching rotating cage spiral track adopts multi-thread;
the quenching rotating cage comprises a plurality of angle steels, steel pipes and spokes;
the number of the angle steels is equal to the number of the sides of the polygon, and the arrangement directions of the angle steels are all parallel to the main shaft; the angle steel is welded on the spoke and is fixed on the second main shaft through the spoke;
a plurality of rows of parallel steel pipes which are arranged in an inclined way are arranged between the adjacent angle steels, and a spiral track for the ball milling steel ball to roll through is formed between the adjacent steel pipes; the steel pipe is connected with the angle steel through a connecting piece, and the included angle between the connecting piece and the angle steel is a spiral track lead angle;
the ball-milling steel balls enter the quenching rotating cage through the ball inlet cylinder, roll to the ball outlet end along the spiral track along with the rotation of the quenching rotating cage and are quenched in water, the ball-milling steel balls enter the ball outlet cylinder at the tail end of the spiral track, and finally are discharged out of the rotating cage type quenching device to finish quenching.
Further, the connecting piece is a V-shaped connecting piece; through holes are arranged on the angle steel in parallel, and the interval of the central lines of the through holes is the same as that of the central lines of the steel pipes; the steel pipe is welded in a groove on the V-shaped connecting piece, the bottom of the V-shaped connecting piece extends out of the cylinder, and the cylinder is inserted into the through hole in the angle steel, so that the V-shaped connecting piece is installed on the angle steel.
Furthermore, the tail ends of the spiral tracks of the cooling control rotating cage and the quenching rotating cage are respectively provided with a ball outlet lifting plate for lifting the steel balls to a ball outlet channel or a ball outlet barrel, and each spiral corresponds to one ball outlet lifting plate.
Furthermore, the rotating cage type quenching device is suitable for rapidly cooling the skew rolling ball-milling steel balls from 800-900 ℃ to 100-300 ℃, the steel balls are sequentially rolled and quenched in the quenching device, the contact area with water is large, the heat exchange is sufficient, and the quenching effect is good.
Further, the spiral tempering device comprises a furnace shell, a ball inlet groove and a spiral ball storage unit;
the spiral ball storage unit comprises a ball inlet guide disc, a spiral ball storage track, a ball outlet control mechanism and a support frame;
the spiral ball storage track is a polygonal spiral track which is vertically arranged, the spiral track is a single line or a plurality of lines, and each line of spiral transverse array is provided with a plurality of tracks (namely each line of spiral is arranged in parallel for a plurality of times);
the ball inlet guide disc is positioned above the spiral ball storage track and is provided with a plurality of ball inlet ports corresponding to the inlets of the multi-line spiral;
the ball discharging control mechanism is used for controlling the ball discharging of the outlet of the spiral ball storage track;
the ball inlet guide disc, the spiral ball storage track and the ball outlet control mechanism are all supported by the support frame;
the ball inlet groove is used for guiding ball-milling steel balls into the ball inlet guide disc;
the furnace shell is used for preserving the heat of the ball-milling steel balls; the furnace shell is of a rectangular structure, and heat insulation materials are filled in the furnace wall; a push-pull type furnace door is arranged at the bottom of the furnace shell, and a steel ball conveyor belt is arranged below the furnace door;
and the heat insulation pipeline from the rotary cage type cooling control device is communicated with the side surface of the furnace shell, and the heat generated by the rotary cage type cooling control device is guided into the furnace shell of the spiral tempering device.
Furthermore, each spiral of the spiral ball storage track is formed by steel pipes arranged in parallel side by side, and the included angle between each steel pipe and the horizontal plane is the lead angle of the spiral track; a spiral track is formed in a gap between the adjacent steel pipes for the steel balls to roll through or stay; the steel pipes are all fixed on the support frame;
the support frame is formed by welding square tubes, the whole structure is cuboid, and the horizontal section is square;
the support frame is divided into an inner layer and an outer layer, a plurality of channel steel is arranged between the inner layer and the outer layer and used for mounting the spiral ball storage track, and the steel pipe is mounted on the channel steel through welding or bolts;
the ball discharging control mechanism is arranged below the support frame.
Further, the ball inlet guide disc is arranged on the top of the support frame; the ball inlet guide disc is provided with a plurality of ball inlet ports, the number of the ball inlet ports corresponds to the number of lines of the spiral ball storage track, and the positions of the ball inlet ports are sunken relative to the rest parts of the ball inlet guide disc, so that steel balls can conveniently enter the ball inlet ports; baffles are arranged on four sides of the ball inlet guide disc to prevent the steel balls from rolling out;
the ball outlet control mechanism comprises a rotary ball control rod, a ball outlet guide disc, a ball outlet groove and a brake;
the rotary ball control rod is arranged at the tail end of the spiral ball storage track; a plurality of ball control baffles are arranged on the rotary ball control rod in a surrounding manner along the axis, and the ball control baffles extend into the gap of the steel pipe at the tail end of the spiral track;
the rotary ball control rod is connected with the brake, when the brake works, the rotary ball outlet rod is static, and the ball control baffle plate blocks the steel balls from rolling out; when the brake is released, the rotating ball control rod rotates, and the steel balls roll out in order;
the ball outlet guide disc is arranged below the rotary ball control rod, inclines towards the center of the support frame and guides the steel ball to slide towards a ball outlet groove at the center of the bottom;
the ball outlet groove is funnel-shaped, is arranged at the center of the bottom of the support frame and is coaxially arranged with the geometric center of the ball inlet guide plate, and the bottom of the ball outlet groove is provided with a long hole for the rolling-out of the steel ball.
Furthermore, the rotating cage type cooling control device, the rotating cage type quenching device and the spiral tempering device are arranged on the same horizontal ground, and steel ball conveying belts are arranged among the 3 devices and used for conveying steel balls.
Furthermore, the spiral tempering device is suitable for keeping the temperature of the quenched steel balls at 160-300 ℃ for a certain time to ensure that the ball-milled steel balls obtain better structure performance.
Further, the system of the present invention is suitable for accomplishing
The continuous heat treatment process of controlled cooling, quenching and tempering is carried out on the skew rolling ball-milling steel ball.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the steel ball enters a cooling control device, is controlled and cooled under the assistance of an axial flow fan, then enters a quenching device through a steel ball conveyor belt, is conveyed into a tempering furnace after quenching is finished to finish the whole heat treatment process, and the heat released by cooling control during the quenching process is conveyed into the tempering furnace through a heat insulation pipeline to provide the heat required by the tempering process. The invention can utilize the waste heat of the steel ball to realize the whole heat treatment process of the ball-milling steel ball by controlling the cooling, quenching and tempering, realizes the recycling of the heat released in the cooling process in the heat treatment process, does not need to additionally provide heating in the tempering process, has the characteristics of energy saving, environmental protection and good working environment, and can realize automation and labor saving in the whole heat treatment process.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a skew-rolling ball-milling steel ball heat treatment system capable of realizing waste heat utilization according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the rotary cage type cold control device in the embodiment.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing the structure of a rotary cage type quenching apparatus according to an embodiment.
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a furnace shell of the spiral tempering device in the embodiment.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the spiral ball storage unit in the embodiment.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the steel ball conveyor belt in the embodiment.
In the figure: 1. a rotating cage type cold control device; 2. a heat-insulating pipeline; 3. a rotary cage type quenching device; 4. a steel ball conveyor belt; 5. a spiral tempering device; 6. a controlled-cooling ball outlet channel; 7. the upper half part of the cooling control outer cover; 8. a controlled-cooling ball inlet channel; 9. an axial flow fan; 10. the lower half part of the outer cover is controlled to be cooled; 11. quenching the ball inlet cylinder; 12. quenching and rotating the cage; 13. quenching to obtain a ball barrel; 14. a quenching machine frame; 15. a water tank; 16. a ball inlet groove; 17. a furnace housing; 18. a push-pull type furnace door; 19. a steel ball conveyor belt; 20. a ball-entering guide plate; 21. a support frame; 22. a spiral ball storage track; 23. a brake; 24. a ball-out guide plate; 25. the ball control rod is rotated.
Detailed Description
Specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that technical features or combinations of technical features described in the following embodiments should not be considered as being isolated, and they may be combined with each other to achieve better technical effects. In the drawings of the embodiments described below, the same reference numerals appearing in the respective drawings denote the same features or components, and may be applied to different embodiments.
As shown in FIG. 1, the heat treatment system for the skew-rolled ball-milled steel balls capable of realizing waste heat utilization in the embodiment of the invention is used for the diameter
The skew rolling ball milling steel ball controlled cooling, quenching and tempering and other continuous heat treatment processes. The system comprises a rotary cage type cooling control device 1, a rotary cage type quenching device 3 and a spiral tempering device 5, a steel ball conveyor belt 4 is arranged among the devices, a heat insulation pipeline 2 is arranged between the rotary cage type cooling control device 1 and the spiral tempering device 5 for transferring heat, and the outer layer of the heat insulation pipeline 2 is coated with a heat insulation material or an interlayer is filled with a heat insulation material.
It should be noted that the rotary cage type cooling control device 1, the rotary cage type quenching device 3 and the spiral tempering device 5 in the following embodiments are preferred embodiments, and in practical design and use, one of them may be selected to be matched with the prior art, 2 of them may be selected to be matched with the prior art, or 3 of them may be selected to constitute the whole system. The following examples are only for explaining in detail the preferred modes of the rotary cage type cooling control apparatus 1, the rotary cage type quenching apparatus 3 and the screw type tempering apparatus 5. The examples should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.
As shown in fig. 2, the rotary cage type cooling control device 1 includes a first gear motor, a first main shaft, a cooling control rotary cage, a ball inlet channel 8, a ball outlet channel 6, an axial flow fan 9, an air outlet, a cooling control outer cover (an upper half part 7 and a lower half part 10), and a cooling control frame;
the upper half part 7 of the cooling control outer cover is arranged on a cooling control rack, and a ball inlet and a ball outlet are respectively arranged on two end faces of the cooling control outer covers (7 and 10) and are respectively used for installing a ball inlet channel 8 and a ball outlet channel 6. Two end faces of the cooling control outer covers (7 and 10) are provided with grooves with the same shape as the bearing seats and are welded with the bearing seats into a whole; an air outlet is arranged on the ball outlet end face. The lower half part 10 of the cooling control outer cover is arranged on a cooling control rack, a conical air inlet is formed in the end face of the ball inlet, and an axial flow fan 9 is arranged on the air inlet, so that the cooling control efficiency is improved.
The size of the cold control rotating cage is designed according to the size of the steel ball and the cold control temperature requirement, preferably, the following formula is referred to:
distance l between center lines of adjacent steel pipes: 2(R + R) cos30 °;
the inclination angle α of the V-shaped block:
rotating cage working speed s:
total length L of the cage: l ═ N-1) L +2 a;
r is the radius of the skew-rolled ball-milled steel ball;
r is the radius of the steel pipe, the value of R is (0.5-0.8) R, and excessive thickness causes material waste and overlarge integral size; the poor rigidity of the rotating cage is caused by the excessive thinness;
d is the diameter of the circumscribed circle of the rotating cage;
p is the number of lines of the spiral track (i.e. the number of spiral tracks);
n is the number of steel pipes between two adjacent sides of the polygonal rotating cage, and the rotating speed needs to be matched with the actual production efficiency during design;
t is the controlled cooling time, and the value of t is measured according to the actual production requirement;
a is the length of the ball-lift plate.
As shown in fig. 3, the rotary cage type quenching device 3 comprises a second speed reduction motor, a second main shaft, a quenching rotary cage 12, a water tank 15, a quenching outer cover, a quenching frame 14, a ball inlet barrel 11 and a ball outlet barrel 13;
the water tank 15 is designed into a U shape and is arranged on the quenching rack 14, so that impurities such as oxide skin at the corners of the bottom can be conveniently cleaned;
the quenching rotating cage 12 is arranged above the U-shaped water tank 15, and the lower part of the quenching rotating cage is immersed in water. The quenching rotating cage 12 is polygonal and comprises angle steel, a V-shaped connecting piece, a steel pipe, an end face baffle and a ball outlet lifting plate. The quenching time and the related parameters of the designed rotating cage can be adjusted according to the diameter of the steel ball, and the related formula can be calculated by referring to the controlled cooling rotating cage.
In the embodiment, a steel ball with the diameter of 50mm is taken as an example, the cooling control time is required to be 90s, the number of thread lines of the cooling control rotating cage is 4, the number of thread tracks (N-1) is 72, the diameter of a steel pipe is 30mm, and the diameter of the circumscribed circle of the cooling control rotating cage is 1300 mm; and calculating to obtain the working rotating speed of the cooling control rotating cage of 12r/min, the inclination angle of the V-shaped connecting piece of 85.63 degrees and the total length of the cooling control rotating cage of 5200 mm. The quenching time is required to be 40s, the number of thread lines of the quenching rotating cage 12 is 4, the number of thread tracks is 48, the diameter of the steel pipe is 30mm, and the diameter of the circumcircle of the quenching rotating cage 12 is 1600 mm; the working speed of the quenching rotating cage 12 is 18r/min, the inclination angle of the V-shaped connecting piece is 86.45 degrees, and the total length of the quenching rotating cage 12 is 3650 mm.
As shown in FIG. 4, the shell 17 of the spiral tempering device 5 is made of section steel and steel plates, the lining material is refractory bricks, and the interlayer is filled with heat insulation material. The top of the furnace shell 17 is provided with a conical ball-entering groove 16, the bottom is provided with a push-pull furnace door 18, and the side surface is provided with an air inlet for receiving heat transferred by the rotary cage type cooling control device 1.
As shown in fig. 5, the spiral ball storage unit includes a ball inlet guide plate 20, a support bracket 21, a spiral ball storage rail 22, a stopper 23, a ball outlet guide plate 24, a rotary ball control lever 25, and a ball outlet groove. The spiral ball storage track 22 is fixed on the support frame 21, and the rotary ball control rod 25 controls the entry and exit of the steel balls under the action of the brake 23.
The ball inlet guide plate 20 is provided with 8 rectangular ball inlet ports (corresponding to 8 lines of the spiral ball storage rail), the ball inlet ports are recessed relative to the rest parts of the disc surface, the steel balls are guided to fall into the ball inlet ports, the ball outlet guide plate 24 is arranged below the rotary ball control rod 25 and inclines towards the ball outlet groove in the center of the bottom, and the steel balls are guided to slide towards the ball outlet groove.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a steel ball conveyor belt 4 between a rotary cage type quenching device 3 and a spiral tempering device 5, a transverse plate is arranged on the steel ball conveyor belt 4 to drive the steel balls to move, and the length and the inclination angle of the conveyor belt can be changed according to the requirements of field arrangement.
The working principle of the invention is as follows:
the steel ball enters the rotating cage type cooling control device 1 through the ball inlet channel 8, passes through the cooling control rotating cage under the assistance of the axial flow fan 9, enters the ball outlet channel 6 at the tail end of the rotating cage, and is discharged out of the rotating cage type cooling control device 1; the steel balls are conveyed into a rotary cage type quenching device 3 through the operation of a steel ball conveyor belt 4, the steel balls continuously roll in a quenching rotary cage 12 and fully exchange heat with water to finish a quenching process, and the steel balls are conveyed into a spiral tempering furnace 5; the spiral tempering furnace 5 and the rotary cage type cooling control device 1 are connected through a heat insulation pipeline 2, so that the tempering furnace 5 can utilize heat generated by cooling control, after a set tempering time, a brake 23 at the bottom of the spiral ball storage unit is released, the steel balls slide into a ball outlet groove through a rotary ball control rod 25 and roll out of the spiral tempering device 5, and finally the whole heat treatment process flow is completed.
The system of the invention is suitable for accomplishing
The continuous heat treatment process of controlled cooling, quenching and tempering is carried out on the skew rolling ball-milling steel ball; the rotary cage type cold control device 1 adopts a steel pipe to build a rotary cage type structure, is used for cooling the skew rolling ball-milling steel ball from 1000-1200 ℃ to 800-900 ℃, and accurately controls the cold control time; the rotary cage type quenching device 3 also adopts a rotary cage type structure, is used for rapidly cooling the skew rolling ball-milling steel balls from 800-900 ℃ to 100-300 ℃, and orderly rolling and quenching the steel balls in the quenching device, and has large contact area with water, sufficient heat exchange and good quenching effect; the spiral tempering device 5 is used for preserving the heat of the quenched steel balls at the temperature of 160-300 ℃ for a certain time so that the ball-milled steel balls obtain better structure performance.
While several embodiments of the present invention have been presented herein, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes may be made to the embodiments herein without departing from the spirit of the invention. The above examples are merely illustrative and should not be taken as limiting the scope of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. A skew rolling ball-milling steel ball heat treatment system capable of realizing waste heat utilization is characterized by comprising a rotary cage type cooling control device, a rotary cage type quenching device and a spiral tempering device which are sequentially connected through a steel ball conveyor belt, wherein a heat insulation pipeline is arranged between the rotary cage type cooling control device and the spiral tempering device and used for conveying heat;
the rotary cage type cold control device comprises a first speed reducing motor, a first main shaft, a cold control rotary cage, a ball inlet channel, a ball outlet channel, an axial flow fan, an air outlet, a cold control outer cover and a cold control machine frame;
the cooling control rotating cage is a polygonal rotating cage and is arranged on the cooling control rack through the first main shaft, and the cooling control rotating cage can rotate around the first main shaft; the inner wall of the cold control rotating cage is provided with a spiral track for the ball milling steel ball to roll, and the spiral track is a single line or a plurality of lines; the cold control rotating cage comprises a plurality of angle steels, steel pipes and spokes; the number of the angle steels is equal to the number of the polygonal edges of the cooling control rotating cage, and the arrangement directions of the angle steels are parallel to the first main shaft; the angle steel is welded on the spoke and is fixed on the first main shaft through the spoke; a plurality of rows of parallel steel pipes which are arranged in an inclined way are arranged between the adjacent angle steels, and a spiral track for the ball milling steel ball to roll through is formed between the adjacent steel pipes; the steel pipe is connected with the angle steel through a connecting piece, and the included angle between the connecting piece and the angle steel is a spiral track lead angle;
the ball inlet channel and the ball outlet channel are respectively arranged on two end faces of the cold control rotating cage;
the axial flow fan is arranged at the lower part of the ball inlet end of the cooling control outer cover, the air outlet is arranged at the upper part of the ball outlet end of the cooling control outer cover, and the air outlet is used for installing the heat preservation pipeline; the air blown by the axial flow fan enters from the ball inlet end of the cooling control rotating cage, and enters the heat preservation pipeline from the ball outlet end of the ball control rotating cage through the air outlet;
the first speed reducing motor provides rotary power for the cold control rotating cage through the first main shaft;
the first speed reduction motor, the first main shaft and the cooling control outer cover are all installed on the cooling control rack.
2. The oblique milling ball milling steel ball heat treatment system capable of realizing waste heat utilization according to claim 1, wherein the rotary cage type cooling control device is used for multi-pass ball inlet and outlet, and the corresponding cooling control rotary cage spiral track is a plurality of lines;
ball-milling steel balls enter the cooling control rotating cage through the ball inlet channel, roll to a ball outlet end along the spiral track along with the rotation of the cooling control rotating cage, are gradually cooled by the air blowing of the axial flow fan to reach a set temperature in the rolling process, and enter the ball outlet channel at the tail end of the spiral track.
3. The oblique milling ball-milling steel ball heat treatment system capable of realizing waste heat utilization according to claim 1, wherein the rotary cage type quenching device comprises a second speed reduction motor, a second main shaft, a quenching rotary cage, a water tank, a quenching outer cover, a quenching frame, a ball inlet cylinder and a ball outlet cylinder;
the quenching rotating cage is a polygonal rotating cage and is arranged on the quenching rack through the second main shaft, and the quenching rotating cage can rotate around the second main shaft; the quenching rotating cage is positioned above the water tank, and the lower part of the quenching rotating cage is immersed in water; the inner wall of the quenching rotating cage is provided with a spiral track for rolling the ball-milling steel ball, and the spiral track is a single line or a plurality of lines;
the ball inlet cylinder and the ball outlet cylinder are respectively arranged on two end faces of the quenching rotating cage;
the quenching outer cover is arranged at the upper part of the quenching rotating cage;
the second speed reducing motor provides rotary power for the quenching rotating cage through the second main shaft;
the quenching rotating cage, the water tank, the second speed reducing motor and the quenching outer cover are all arranged on the quenching rack.
4. The inclined milling ball milling steel ball heat treatment system capable of realizing waste heat utilization as claimed in claim 3, wherein the rotary cage type quenching device is multi-pass ball inlet and outlet, and the corresponding quenching rotary cage spiral track is multi-thread;
the quenching rotating cage comprises a plurality of angle steels, steel pipes and spokes;
the number of the angle steels is equal to the number of the sides of the polygon, and the arrangement directions of the angle steels are all parallel to the main shaft; the angle steel is welded on the spoke and is fixed on the second main shaft through the spoke;
a plurality of rows of parallel steel pipes which are arranged in an inclined way are arranged between the adjacent angle steels, and a spiral track for the ball milling steel ball to roll through is formed between the adjacent steel pipes; the steel pipe is connected with the angle steel through a connecting piece, and the included angle between the connecting piece and the angle steel is a spiral track lead angle;
the ball-milling steel balls enter the quenching rotating cage through the ball inlet cylinder, roll to the ball outlet end along the spiral track along with the rotation of the quenching rotating cage and are quenched in water, the ball-milling steel balls enter the ball outlet cylinder at the tail end of the spiral track, and finally are discharged out of the rotating cage type quenching device to finish quenching.
5. The inclined milling steel ball heat treatment system capable of realizing waste heat utilization according to claim 2 or 4, wherein the connecting piece is a V-shaped connecting piece; through holes are arranged on the angle steel in parallel, and the interval of the central lines of the through holes is the same as that of the central lines of the steel pipes; the steel pipe is welded in a groove on the V-shaped connecting piece, the bottom of the V-shaped connecting piece extends out of the cylinder, and the cylinder is inserted into the through hole in the angle steel, so that the V-shaped connecting piece is installed on the angle steel.
6. The oblique milling ball milling steel ball heat treatment system capable of realizing waste heat utilization according to claim 1, wherein the spiral tempering device comprises a furnace shell, a ball inlet groove and a spiral ball storage unit;
the spiral ball storage unit comprises a ball inlet guide disc, a spiral ball storage track, a ball outlet control mechanism and a support frame;
the spiral ball storage track is a polygonal spiral track which is vertically arranged, the spiral track is a single line or multiple lines, and each line of the spiral track is spirally and transversely arrayed with a plurality of tracks;
the ball inlet guide disc is positioned above the spiral ball storage track and is provided with a plurality of ball inlet ports corresponding to the inlets of the multi-line spiral;
the ball discharging control mechanism is used for controlling the ball discharging of the outlet of the spiral ball storage track;
the ball inlet guide disc, the spiral ball storage track and the ball outlet control mechanism are all supported by the support frame;
the ball inlet groove is used for guiding ball-milling steel balls into the ball inlet guide disc;
the furnace shell is used for preserving the heat of the ball-milling steel balls; the furnace shell is of a rectangular structure, and heat insulation materials are filled in the furnace wall; the furnace door is arranged at the bottom of the furnace shell, and a steel ball conveyor belt is arranged below the furnace door;
and the heat insulation pipeline from the rotary cage type cooling control device is communicated with the side surface of the furnace shell, and the heat generated by the rotary cage type cooling control device is guided into the furnace shell of the spiral tempering device.
7. The oblique milling ball milling steel ball heat treatment system capable of realizing waste heat utilization according to claim 6, wherein each line of spiral of the spiral ball storage track is formed by steel pipes arranged in parallel side by side, and the included angle between each steel pipe and the horizontal plane is the lead angle of the spiral track; a spiral track is formed in a gap between the adjacent steel pipes for the steel balls to roll through or stay; the steel pipes are all fixed on the support frame;
the support frame is formed by welding square tubes, the whole structure is cuboid, and the horizontal section is square;
the support frame is divided into an inner layer and an outer layer, a plurality of channel steel is arranged between the inner layer and the outer layer and used for mounting the spiral ball storage track, and the steel pipe is mounted on the channel steel through welding or bolts;
the ball discharging control mechanism is arranged below the support frame.
8. The inclined rolling ball milling steel ball heat treatment system capable of realizing waste heat utilization according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the ball inlet guide disc is installed at the top of the support frame; the ball inlet guide disc is provided with a plurality of ball inlet ports, the number of the ball inlet ports corresponds to the number of lines of the spiral ball storage track, and the ball inlet ports are positioned at the low concave parts of the ball inlet guide disc, so that steel balls can conveniently enter the ball inlet ports; baffles are arranged on four sides of the ball inlet guide disc to prevent the steel balls from rolling out;
the ball outlet control mechanism comprises a rotary ball control rod, a ball outlet guide disc, a ball outlet groove and a brake;
the rotary ball control rod is arranged at the tail end of the spiral ball storage track; a plurality of ball control baffles are arranged on the rotary ball control rod in a surrounding manner along the axis, and the ball control baffles extend into the gap of the steel pipe at the tail end of the spiral track;
the rotary ball control rod is connected with the brake, when the brake works, the rotary ball outlet rod is static, and the ball control baffle plate blocks the steel balls from rolling out; when the brake is released, the rotating ball control rod rotates, and the steel balls roll out in order;
the ball outlet guide disc is arranged below the rotary ball control rod, inclines towards the center of the support frame and guides the steel ball to slide towards a ball outlet groove at the center of the bottom;
the ball outlet groove is funnel-shaped, is arranged at the center of the bottom of the support frame and is coaxially arranged with the geometric center of the ball inlet guide plate, and the bottom of the ball outlet groove is provided with a long hole for the rolling-out of the steel ball.
9. The inclined milling ball-milling steel ball heat treatment system capable of realizing waste heat utilization as claimed in claim 1, wherein the rotary cage type cooling control device, the rotary cage type quenching device and the spiral tempering device are installed on the same horizontal ground, and steel ball conveying belts are arranged among 3 devices for conveying steel balls.
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| WO2022110161A1 (en) * | 2020-11-30 | 2022-06-02 | 苏州中门子工业炉科技有限公司 | Heat shifting apparatus for forging waste heat of wear-resistant steel ball |
| CN114292986B (en) * | 2022-01-19 | 2023-09-08 | 郭金福 | Temperature-control tempering container for wear-resistant steel balls |
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