CN110940264A - Landslide deep displacement monitoring device and method based on low-frequency magnetic induction communication - Google Patents
Landslide deep displacement monitoring device and method based on low-frequency magnetic induction communication Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a landslide deep displacement monitoring device and a landslide deep displacement monitoring method based on low-frequency magnetic induction communication, wherein the device comprises detection equipment, a remote transmission unit and an upper computer which are vertically buried underground, the detection equipment comprises a plurality of sections of PVC pipes, a strip-shaped rigid body is vertically embedded in the inner walls of the PVC pipes, and two ends of the rigid body are flush with two ends of each PVC pipe; the bottom of the inner wall of the PVC pipe is respectively provided with an inclinometry node, the bottom of the PVC pipe positioned at the lowest end is sealed by a bottom plate, and the PVC pipe is filled with medium sand; the inclinometer node is in magnetic induction communication with the remote transmission unit. The invention also adopts the transmission node to transmit the wake-up signal, thereby not only effectively avoiding the problems of hole blocking, large reading error, easy breakage of a pull wire and the like in the traditional monitoring device, but also overcoming the defects of high path loss, unstable channel, large antenna size, large power consumption, short underground transmission distance and the like in a wireless radio frequency transmission mode.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a displacement monitoring device and a displacement monitoring method, in particular to a landslide deep displacement monitoring device and a landslide deep displacement monitoring method based on low-frequency magnetic induction communication.
Background
The landslide is a natural phenomenon that soil or rock mass on a slope slides downwards along the slope integrally or dispersedly under the action of gravity along a certain weak surface or a weak zone under the influence of factors such as river scouring, underground water activity, rainwater immersion, earthquake, artificial slope cutting and the like. According to the indication of a national geological disaster notice 2016, the gross landslide of 2016 is totally generated in the whole country, and accounts for 76.2 percent of the total mass of disasters, which poses a great threat to the life and property safety of people. Monitoring of the landslide becomes very important.
According to literature research, in the conventional measurement method for monitoring displacement at deep parts of landslide, a fixed inclinometer or a sliding inclinometer is often used for monitoring deformation at deep parts of side slopes, and in recent years, a method for measuring displacement by using the principle of electromagnetic mutual inductance is also used (for example, chinese patent ZL 201310140231.8, a three-dimensional measurement method and a measurement system for underground deformation).
A fixed inclinometer connects a plurality of sensors together, each sensor measures an angle value, and then a displacement value is obtained according to conversion. The fixed inclinometer mainly adopts a wired transmission mode, or adopts a wired and overground wireless communication mode underground, for example, Chinese patent ZL 201210588526.7, a fixed inclinometer system easily causes signal lines to be pulled and broken along with the continuous increase of displacement of a sliding mass, and further causes the incapability of transmitting data. In recent years, the inventor also tries to perform underground wireless transmission in ISM free frequency band (such as 433MHz), and experimental results show that 433MHz communication device can only transmit 1.2 m in soil, but landslide depth displacement monitoring is usually 10 m or more, so that the requirement of landslide depth displacement monitoring can not be met. Research teams led by professor Ian F. Akyildiz of the national institute of georgia also prove that in underground complex environments, such as transmission in composite media of soil, sand and water, the ISM free frequency band (such as 433MHz) has the problems of high path loss, unstable channel, large antenna size and the like, so that the method is not suitable for monitoring inside a landslide body.
The sliding inclinometer is arranged inside the inclinometer tube, and the inclined displacement inside the drill hole is measured by the hand-pulling sliding inclinometer at fixed length and fixed point above and below the guide rail of the inclinometer tube. Although the sliding type drilling inclinometer can monitor the horizontal displacement of the whole hole, the inclinometer in the drilling hole is broken or extruded and deformed along with the continuous evolution and deformation of the landslide, so that the inclinometer cannot be measured in the hole deeply, and the landslide body cannot be monitored continuously. Further, this approach generally requires manual in-situ measurement, where there are reading errors in manually determining depth, and in-situ measurement at a disaster, there is a potential risk to personnel safety.
Therefore, the existing landslide deep displacement monitoring instrument and the mode of carrying out wireless data transmission underground by utilizing electromagnetic waves have many problems, cannot well meet the long-term monitoring requirement of deep displacement, and the device capable of meeting the long-term monitoring requirement of landslide deep displacement is very important.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems, and provides a landslide deep displacement monitoring device and a monitoring method based on low-frequency magnetic induction communication, which can realize long-term monitoring of landslide body deep displacement, are easy to install, do not need manual intervention, have stable transmission signals and small path loss.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a landslide deep displacement monitoring device based on low-frequency magnetic induction communication comprises detection equipment, a remote transmission unit and an upper computer which are vertically buried underground, wherein the detection equipment comprises a plurality of sections of PVC pipes which are coaxially arranged from top to bottom and detachably connected, a strip-shaped rigid body is vertically embedded in the inner wall of each PVC pipe, and two ends of the rigid body are flush with two ends of each PVC pipe;
the bottom of the inner wall of the PVC pipe is respectively provided with an inclinometry node, the bottom of the PVC pipe positioned at the lowest end is sealed by a bottom plate, and the PVC pipe is filled with medium sand;
the inclination measuring node comprises a first MCU, an angle sensor, a first magnetic induction receiving module and a first magnetic induction transmitting module, wherein the angle sensor, the first magnetic induction receiving module and the first magnetic induction transmitting module are respectively connected with the first MCU;
the first magnetic induction receiving module is used for receiving magnetic induction signals and demodulating the magnetic induction signals into electric signals;
the first MCU is used for acquiring angle data of the angle sensor and/or electric signals demodulated by the first magnetic induction receiving module and modulating the angle data and/or the electric signals into low-frequency electric signals;
the first magnetic induction transmitting module is used for converting the low-frequency electric signal into a magnetic induction signal to be transmitted;
the remote transmission unit comprises a second MCU, a remote transmission module, a second magnetic induction receiving module and a second magnetic induction transmitting module which are respectively connected with the second MCU;
the second magnetic induction receiving module is used for receiving the magnetic induction signals and demodulating the magnetic induction signals into electric signals;
the second MCU is used for generating a wake-up signal, modulating the wake-up signal into a low-frequency electric signal, receiving the electric signal demodulated by the second magnetic induction receiving module and transmitting the electric signal to the upper computer through the remote transmission module;
and the second magnetic induction transmitting module is used for converting the low-frequency electric signal into a magnetic induction signal to be transmitted.
Preferably, the method comprises the following steps: all rigid bodies of the PVC pipes are positioned on the same straight line.
Preferably, the method comprises the following steps: STM32 series microcontrollers are selected for the first MCU and the second MCU, and the angle sensor adopts an SCA100T chip.
Preferably, the method comprises the following steps: the first magnetic induction receiving module and the second magnetic induction receiving module have the same structure and comprise an AS3933 chip and a magnetic induction signal 3D receiving antenna; the first magnetic induction transmitting module and the second magnetic induction transmitting module are identical in structure and comprise a driving circuit and a magnetic induction signal transmitting antenna, wherein the driving circuit is composed of an MOS (metal oxide semiconductor) tube driver TC4426 and an MOS tube IRF7389 and is used for providing working current of the magnetic induction signal transmitting antenna.
A monitoring method of a landslide deep displacement monitoring device based on low-frequency magnetic induction communication comprises the following steps:
(1) drilling a hole on a deep displacement monitoring site, wherein the aperture of the drilled hole is larger than the diameter of the PVC pipe;
(2) establishing a landslide deep displacement monitoring device based on low-frequency magnetic induction communication, wherein an inclination measuring node is arranged in each PVC pipe, all the PVC pipes are detachably connected into a whole, the bottom of the PVC pipe at the lowest end is sealed through a bottom plate to form a detection device, and a remote transmission unit and an upper computer are arranged;
(3) vertically sinking the detection equipment into the drill hole, enabling the top of the detection equipment to be parallel to the ground surface, filling the PVC pipe and the gaps between the detection equipment and the drill hole with medium sand, and at the moment, setting the inclinometer node from bottom to top to be the 1 st to the N th in sequence, wherein the PVC pipe at the inclinometer node is L in sequence1-LN；
(4) A second MCU of the remote transmission unit generates a wake-up signal to wake up the first MCU, and the first MCU acquires initial angle data delta 1 '-delta N' of the corresponding angle sensor and sends the initial angle data delta 1 '-delta N' to the second MCU;
(5) setting interval time, generating a wake-up signal again by a second MCU of the remote transmission unit, waking up the first MCU, acquiring secondary angle data delta 1 '-delta N' of the corresponding angle sensor by the first MCU, and sending the secondary angle data delta 1 '-delta N' to the second MCU;
(6) the second MCU obtains the displacement change L of the whole deep part of the landslide body according to the following formula;
Δi＝Δi”-Δi'
wherein i is the ith inclinometer node, and i is 1-N;
(7) and the second MCU sends the L value to the upper computer through the remote transmission unit.
Preferably, the method comprises the following steps: the step (4) is specifically as follows:
(41) the wake-up signal is converted into a magnetic induction signal through a second magnetic induction transmitting module to be transmitted;
(42) awakening all inclinometer nodes:
the length of the PVC pipe is L in sequence1-LNAnd the distance from the Nth inclinometry node to the earth surface is
The distance between the second magnetic induction transmitting module and the ground surface is LHair-like devicePresetting the awakening distance of the remote transmission unit to be P meters;
if (S)N+LHair-like device) The ratio of/P is less than or equal to 1: the first magnetic induction receiving module of each inclinometer node receives the magnetic induction signals, demodulates the magnetic induction signals into wakeup signals and sends the wakeup signals to the first MCU, and the first MCU is awakened;
if 1<(SN+LHair-like device) T is not more than/P, T is an integer:
(a1) determining a transfer node: dividing the detection equipment into T transmission sections, wherein the lengths of the first T-1 transmission sections are P, each transmission section comprises a plurality of inclinometer nodes, and the lowermost inclinometer node of each transmission section is taken as a transmission node, so that the transmission nodes of the first T-1 transmission sections are respectively the 1 st to the T-1 st transmission nodes;
(a2) awakening all inclinometer nodes in the first transmission section: the first magnetic induction receiving modules of all the inclinometer nodes in the first transmission section receive the magnetic induction signals, demodulate the magnetic induction signals into awakening signals and send the awakening signals to the first MCU, and the first MCU is awakened;
(a3) awakening all inclinometer nodes in the rest sections: the first transmission node converts the awakening signal into a magnetic induction signal through a first magnetic induction transmitting module for transmitting, the magnetic induction signal is received by first magnetic induction receiving modules of all the inclinometer nodes in the second transmission section, the magnetic induction signal is demodulated into the awakening signal and is sent to a corresponding first MCU (microprogrammed control unit), the first MCU in the transmission section is awakened, the second transmission node sequentially transmits the awakening signal downwards, and all the inclinometer nodes in the other transmission sections are awakened sequentially;
(43) the method comprises the steps that a first MCU acquires initial angle data delta 1 '-delta N' of a corresponding angle sensor, and modulates the initial angle data into low-frequency electric signals respectively;
(44) the first magnetic induction transmitting module converts the low-frequency electric signal into a magnetic induction signal;
(45) the magnetic induction signal is sent to a second magnetic induction receiving module;
if (S)N+LHair-like device) The ratio of/P is less than or equal to 1: the first magnetic induction transmitting module directly transmits magnetic induction signals to the second magnetic induction receiving module;
if 1 is less than or equal to (S)N+LHair-like device)/P≤T：
The transmission node receives magnetic induction signals of all the inclinometer nodes in the transmission section below the transmission node, and forms a transmission node signal together with the magnetic induction signals of the transmission node;
directly sending the transmission node signals in the first transmission section and the magnetic induction signals of the other inclinometer nodes to a second magnetic induction receiving module;
(46) the second magnetic induction transmitting module receives the magnetic induction signals of all the inclinometer nodes and demodulates initial angle data delta 1 '-delta N'.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
(1) the detection device comprises a plurality of sections of PVC pipes which are coaxially arranged from top to bottom and are detachably connected, so that the PVC pipes can be assembled on site according to the actual monitoring depth, and the PVC pipes are more flexible.
(2) The rigid body of a bar is vertically inlayed to the PVC inside pipe wall, and rigid body both ends and PVC pipe both ends parallel and level have guaranteed the intensity of PVC pipe, avoid PVC pipe pressurized deformation etc. lead to the emergence of the condition such as measured data are inaccurate. The invention also fills the middlings in the PVC pipe, and fills the middlings in the clearance between the detection equipment and the drill hole when the PVC pipe is installed, thereby ensuring that the whole PVC pipe is uniformly stressed.
(3) According to the invention, a magnetic induction communication mode is adopted, the wake-up signal and angle data acquired by an angle sensor are electric signals, and in order to reduce loss in transmission, a magnetic induction receiving and generating circuit is designed; the first magnetic induction transmitting module and the second magnetic induction receiving module are used for demodulating the received magnetic induction signals into electric signals and sending the electric signals into the corresponding MCU;
and because the wake-up signal has distance limitation, the detection device is divided into a plurality of detection sections, the wake-up node is defined, the transmission node is utilized to transmit the wake-up signal to wake up the inclinometer node below the transmission node, and when the data of each inclinometer node is collected, the data of the inclinometer node below is transmitted through the transmission node and is sequentially transmitted upwards. By using the method, the problems of hole blocking, large reading error, easy breakage of a pull wire and the like of the traditional monitoring device can be effectively avoided, and the defects of high path loss, unstable channel, large antenna size, large power consumption, short underground transmission distance and the like of a wireless radio frequency transmission mode can be overcome.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the present invention in its initial installation configuration;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a modified embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a diagram of a mathematical model of the distance measurement of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic block circuit diagram of a remote transmission unit;
FIG. 5 is a schematic block circuit diagram of an inclinometer node;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing the structure in the initial installation of embodiment 2;
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of example 2 after modification;
FIG. 8 is a practical circuit diagram of a remote transmission unit;
FIG. 9 is a diagram of one practical circuit for an inclinometer node.
In the figure: 1. PVC pipes; 2. a rigid body; 3. carrying out medium sand; 4. an inclinometer node; 5. a solar cell panel.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings.
Example 1: referring to fig. 1 to 5, a landslide deep displacement monitoring devices based on low frequency magnetic induction communication, includes vertical detection equipment, teletransmission unit and the host computer of burying underground, its characterized in that: the detection equipment comprises a plurality of sections of PVC pipes 1 which are coaxially arranged from top to bottom and are detachably connected, a strip-shaped rigid body 2 is vertically embedded in the inner wall of each PVC pipe 1, and two ends of each rigid body 2 are flush with two ends of each PVC pipe 1;
the bottom of the inner wall of the PVC pipe 1 is respectively provided with an inclinometry node 4, the bottom of the PVC pipe 1 at the lowest end is sealed by a bottom plate, and the PVC pipe 1 is filled with medium sand 3;
the inclinometer node 4 comprises a first MCU, an angle sensor, a first magnetic induction receiving module and a first magnetic induction transmitting module which are respectively connected with the first MCU;
the first magnetic induction receiving module is used for receiving magnetic induction signals and demodulating the magnetic induction signals into electric signals;
the first MCU is used for acquiring angle data of the angle sensor and/or electric signals demodulated by the first magnetic induction receiving module and modulating the angle data and/or the electric signals into low-frequency electric signals;
the first magnetic induction transmitting module is used for converting the low-frequency electric signal into a magnetic induction signal to be transmitted;
the remote transmission unit comprises a second MCU, a remote transmission module, a second magnetic induction receiving module and a second magnetic induction transmitting module which are respectively connected with the second MCU;
the second magnetic induction receiving module is used for receiving the magnetic induction signals and demodulating the magnetic induction signals into electric signals;
the second MCU is used for generating a wake-up signal, modulating the wake-up signal into a low-frequency electric signal, receiving the electric signal demodulated by the second magnetic induction receiving module and transmitting the electric signal to the upper computer through the remote transmission module;
and the second magnetic induction transmitting module is used for converting the low-frequency electric signal into a magnetic induction signal to be transmitted.
In this embodiment: all rigid bodies 2 of the PVC pipe 1 are positioned on the same straight line. STM32 series microcontrollers are selected for the first MCU and the second MCU, and the angle sensor adopts an SCA100T chip. The first magnetic induction receiving module and the second magnetic induction receiving module have the same structure and comprise an AS3933 chip and a magnetic induction signal 3D receiving antenna; the first magnetic induction transmitting module and the second magnetic induction transmitting module are identical in structure and comprise a driving circuit and a magnetic induction signal transmitting antenna, wherein the driving circuit is composed of an MOS (metal oxide semiconductor) tube driver TC4426 and an MOS tube IRF7389 and is used for providing working current of the magnetic induction signal transmitting antenna.
A monitoring method of a landslide deep displacement monitoring device based on low-frequency magnetic induction communication comprises the following steps:
(1) drilling a hole on a deep displacement monitoring site, wherein the aperture of the drilled hole is larger than the diameter of the PVC pipe 1;
(2) establishing a landslide deep displacement monitoring device based on low-frequency magnetic induction communication, wherein an inclinometer node 4 is installed in each PVC pipe 1, all the PVC pipes 1 are detachably connected into a whole, the bottom of the PVC pipe 1 at the lowest end is sealed through a bottom plate to form a detection device, and a remote transmission unit and an upper computer are installed;
(3) vertically sinking the detection equipment into the drill hole, enabling the top of the detection equipment to be parallel and level with the earth surface, filling the middlings 3 in the PVC pipe 1 and between the detection equipment and the drill hole, and at the moment, setting the inclinometer joint 4 from bottom to top to be the 1 st to the N th in sequence, wherein the length of the PVC pipe 1 where the inclinometer joint is located is L in sequence1-LN；
(4) A second MCU of the remote transmission unit generates a wake-up signal to wake up the first MCU, and the first MCU acquires initial angle data delta 1 '-delta N' of the corresponding angle sensor and sends the initial angle data delta 1 '-delta N' to the second MCU;
(5) setting interval time, generating a wake-up signal again by a second MCU of the remote transmission unit, waking up the first MCU, acquiring secondary angle data delta 1 '-delta N' of the corresponding angle sensor by the first MCU, and sending the secondary angle data delta 1 '-delta N' to the second MCU;
(6) the second MCU obtains the displacement change L of the whole deep part of the landslide body according to the following formula;
Δi＝Δi”-Δi'
wherein i is the ith inclinometer node 4, and i is 1-N;
(7) and the second MCU sends the L value to the upper computer through the remote transmission unit.
In this embodiment, the step (4) specifically includes:
(41) the wake-up signal is converted into a magnetic induction signal through a second magnetic induction transmitting module to be transmitted;
(42) awakening all inclinometer nodes 4:
the length of the PVC pipe 1 is L in sequence1-LNIf the distance from the Nth inclinometry node 4 to the earth surface is
The distance between the second magnetic induction transmitting module and the ground surface is LHair-like devicePresetting the awakening distance of the remote transmission unit to be P meters;
if (S)N+LHair-like device) The ratio of/P is less than or equal to 1: the first magnetic induction receiving module of each inclinometer node 4 receives the magnetic induction signal, demodulates the magnetic induction signal into an awakening signal and sends the awakening signal to the first MCU, and the first MCU is awakened;
if 1<(SN+LHair-like device) T is not more than/P, T is an integer:
(a1) determining a transfer node: dividing the detection equipment into T transmission sections, wherein the lengths of the first T-1 transmission sections are P, each transmission section comprises a plurality of inclinometer nodes 4, and the lowermost inclinometer node 4 of each transmission section is taken as a transmission node, so that the transmission nodes of the first T-1 transmission sections are respectively the 1 st to the T-1 st transmission nodes;
(a2) awakening all inclinometer nodes 4 in the first transmission segment: the first magnetic induction receiving modules of all the inclinometer nodes 4 in the first transmission section receive the magnetic induction signals, demodulate the magnetic induction signals into wakeup signals, and send the wakeup signals to the first MCU, wherein the first MCU is awakened;
(a3) awakening all the inclinometer nodes 4 in the rest sections: the first transmission node converts the wake-up signal into a magnetic induction signal through a first magnetic induction transmitting module for transmitting, the magnetic induction signal is received by first magnetic induction receiving modules of all the inclinometer nodes 4 in the second transmission section, the magnetic induction signal is demodulated into the wake-up signal and is sent to a corresponding first MCU, the first MCU in the transmission section is awakened, the second transmission node sequentially transmits the wake-up signal downwards, and all the inclinometer nodes 4 in the other transmission sections are awakened sequentially;
(43) the method comprises the steps that a first MCU acquires initial angle data delta 1 '-delta N' of a corresponding angle sensor, and modulates the initial angle data into low-frequency electric signals respectively;
(44) the first magnetic induction transmitting module converts the low-frequency electric signal into a magnetic induction signal;
(45) the magnetic induction signal is sent to a second magnetic induction receiving module;
if (S)N+LHair-like device) The ratio of/P is less than or equal to 1: the first magnetic induction transmitting module directly transmits magnetic induction signals to the second magnetic induction receiving module;
if 1 is less than or equal to (S)N+LHair-like device)/P≤T：
The transmission node receives the magnetic induction signals of all the inclinometer nodes 4 in the transmission section below the transmission node and forms a transmission node signal together with the magnetic induction signals of the transmission node;
directly sending the transmission node signals in the first transmission section and the magnetic induction signals of the other inclinometer nodes 4 to a second magnetic induction receiving module;
(46) the second magnetic induction transmitting module receives the magnetic induction signals of all the inclinometer nodes 4 and demodulates initial angle data delta 1 '-delta N'.
It should be noted that: in this embodiment, the length L of the PVC pipe 11-LN(ii) a The length of each section of PVC pipe 1 can be the same or different. In this embodiment, the remote transmission power source may be powered by the solar panel 5.
Example 2: referring to fig. 6-9, a monitoring method of a landslide deep displacement monitoring device based on low-frequency magnetic induction communication comprises the following steps:
(1) and drilling a hole on the deep displacement monitoring site, wherein the aperture of the drilled hole is larger than the diameter of the PVC pipe 1, and generally, the drilled hole only needs to be slightly larger.
(2) Establishing a landslide deep displacement monitoring device based on low-frequency magnetic induction communication, determining the length and the number of PVC pipes 1 according to the measured actual depth, assuming that five PVC pipes 1 are adopted in the embodiment, installing an inclinometry node 4 in each PVC pipe 1, and totally five inclinometry nodes 4, wherein circuits of the inclinometry nodes 4 refer to a figure 9, all the PVC pipes 1 are detachably connected into a whole, and are sealed at the bottom of the PVC pipe 1 at the lowest end through a bottom plate to form a detection device, and a remote transmission unit and an upper computer are installed; the circuitry of the remote transmission unit is shown in fig. 8;
in the design of an actual circuit, we also need to design the power supply unit, so:
the power supply unit of the inclination measuring node 4 adopts a 19Ah industrial battery D type ER34615, the first MCU adopts an STM32 single chip microcomputer, the angle sensor adopts a chip SCA100T, the driving circuit of the first magnetic induction signal transmitting module is composed of an MOS tube driver TC4426 and an MOS tube IRF7389, and the magnetic induction signal transmitting antenna adopts an antenna with the frequency of 125 KH; the first magnetic induction signal receiving module selects AS3933 AS a magnetic induction signal demodulating module.
The power supply unit of the remote transmission unit adopts a 12Ah square polymer rechargeable lithium battery, the second MCU adopts an STM32 single chip microcomputer, a second magnetic induction signal transmitting module and a second magnetic induction signal receiving module and is connected with the inclinometer node 4.
(3) Vertically sinking the detection equipment into the drill hole, enabling the top of the detection equipment to be parallel and level with the ground surface, filling the middlings 3 in the PVC pipe 1 and between the detection equipment and the drill hole, and at the moment, setting the inclinometer joint 4 from bottom to top sequentially from 1 st to 5 th, wherein the length of the PVC pipe 1 where the inclinometer joint is located is L sequentially1＝50cm，L2＝50cm，L3＝50cm，L4＝50cm，L5＝100cm。
(4) The second MCU of the remote transmission unit generates a wake-up signal to wake up the first MCU, the first MCU acquires initial angle data delta 1 '-delta 5' of the corresponding angle sensor and sends the initial angle data delta 1 '-delta 5' to the second MCU, and the method comprises the following steps:
(41) the wake-up signal is converted into a magnetic induction signal through the second magnetic induction transmitting module for transmission
(42) Wake up all inclinometer nodes 4, we assume that wake up distance P is 5 meters, which is satisfied (S)N+LHair-like device) the/P is less than or equal to 1, at the moment, the awakening distance is equivalent to the time that all the inclinometer nodes 4 are covered, signal transmission is not needed through transmission nodes, and then only the first magnetic induction receiving module of each inclinometer node 4 receives the magnetic induction signals, demodulates the magnetic induction signals into awakening signals and sends the awakening signals to the first MCU, and the first MCU is awakened;
(43) the first MCUs acquire initial angle data Δ 1'- Δ N' of corresponding angle sensors, and assume that the initial angles are all 0 °, that is, Δ 1 ═ 0 °, Δ 2 ═ 0 °, …, and Δ 5 ═ 0 °, and each first MCU modulates the corresponding initial angle data into low-frequency electrical signals, that is, 5 low-frequency electrical signals;
(44) the first magnetic induction transmitting module converts the low-frequency electric signals into magnetic induction signals, namely 5 magnetic induction signals;
(45) the magnetic induction signal is sent to a second magnetic induction receiving module;
(46) the second magnetic induction transmitting module receives the magnetic induction signals of all the inclinometer nodes 4, and demodulates the initial angle data Δ 1 ═ 0 °, Δ 2 ═ 0 °, …, and Δ 5 ═ 0 °.
(5) We set the interval time of acquisition, and assuming that acquisition is performed once every 1 hour, then after 1 hour, we follow the method of step (4) again to obtain the secondary angle data Δ 1 "- Δ 5", and we assume that Δ 1 ″ -1 °, Δ 2 ″ -2 °, Δ 3 ″ -3 °, Δ 4 ″ -4 °, and Δ 5 ″ -5 °.
(6) Using a formula
The calculation was carried out to obtain L of 17.438 cm.
(7) And the second MCU sends the L value to the upper computer through the remote transmission unit.
Example 3: a monitoring method of a landslide deep displacement monitoring device based on low-frequency magnetic induction communication comprises the following steps:
(1) same as example 2, step (1);
(2) same as example 2, step (2)
(3) Vertically sinking the detection equipment into the drill hole, enabling the top of the detection equipment to be parallel and level with the ground surface, filling the middlings 3 in the PVC pipe 1 and between the detection equipment and the drill hole, and at the moment, setting the inclinometer joint 4 from bottom to top sequentially from 1 st to 8 th, wherein the length of the PVC pipe 1 where the inclinometer joint is located is L sequentially1＝100cm，L2＝100cm，L3＝100cm，L4＝100cm，L5＝100cm，L6＝100cm，L7＝100cm，L8＝100cm。
(4) The second MCU of the remote transmission unit generates a wake-up signal to wake up the first MCU, the first MCU acquires initial angle data delta 1 '-delta 8' of the corresponding angle sensor and sends the initial angle data delta 1 '-delta 8' to the second MCU, and the method comprises the following steps:
(41) the wake-up signal is converted into a magnetic induction signal through a second magnetic induction transmitting module to be transmitted;
(42) awakening all inclinometer nodes 4: let us assume that the wake-up distance P is 6 meters, LHair-like device80cm, the wake-up distance satisfies 1<(SN+LHair-like device) the/P is less than or equal to 2, that is, the detection device needs to be divided into 2 transmission sections and 1 transmission node is arranged, wherein the first transmission section comprises the 6 th to 8 th inclinometer nodes 4, the second transmission section comprises the 1 st to 5 th inclinometer nodes 4, and the 6 th inclinometer node 4 is located at the lowest part of the first transmission section and is a transmission node which is used for sending out a wake-up signal to wake up the inclinometer node 4 in the second transmission section.
(43) The first MCU acquires initial angle data Δ 1'- Δ 8' of the corresponding angle sensor, and we assume that Δ 1 ═ 0 °, Δ 2 ═ 0 °, Δ 3 ═ 0 ° …, Δ 6 ═ 0 °, Δ 7 ═ 0 °, Δ 8 ═ 0 °, and each modulates the initial angle data into a low-frequency electrical signal;
(44) the first magnetic induction transmitting module converts the low-frequency electric signal into a magnetic induction signal;
(45) the transmission node receives the magnetic induction signals of all the inclinometer nodes 4 in the transmission section below the transmission node and forms a transmission node signal together with the magnetic induction signals of the transmission node;
directly sending the transmission node signals in the first transmission section and the magnetic induction signals of the other inclinometer nodes 4 to a second magnetic induction receiving module;
(46) the second magnetic induction transmitting module receives the magnetic induction signals of all the inclinometer nodes 4, and demodulates the initial angle data Δ 1'- Δ 8', namely: Δ 1 ═ 0 °, Δ 2 ═ 0 °, Δ 3 ═ 0 ° …, Δ 6 ═ 0 °, Δ 7 ═ 0 °, Δ 8 ═ 0.
(5) We set the interval time of acquisition, and assuming that acquisition is performed once every 1 hour, then after 1 hour, we follow the method of step (4) again to obtain the secondary angle data Δ 1 "- Δ 8", and we assume that Δ 1 ″, Δ 2 ″, Δ 3 ″, Δ 4 ″, Δ 5 ″, Δ 6 ″, Δ 7 ″, Δ 8 ″, and 3 ″, Δ 4 ″, Δ 5 ″, Δ 6 ″, Δ 7 ″, and 8 ″.
(6) Using a formula
The calculation was carried out to obtain L of 62.717 cm.
(7) And the second MCU sends the L value to the upper computer through the remote transmission unit.
This embodiment gives a scheme that requires setting of a transfer node.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a landslide deep displacement monitoring devices based on low frequency magnetic induction communication, includes vertical detection equipment, teletransmission unit and the host computer buried underground, its characterized in that: the detection equipment comprises a plurality of sections of PVC pipes which are coaxially arranged from top to bottom and are detachably connected, a strip-shaped rigid body is vertically embedded in the inner wall of each PVC pipe, and two ends of the rigid body are flush with two ends of each PVC pipe;
the bottom of the inner wall of the PVC pipe is respectively provided with an inclinometry node, the bottom of the PVC pipe positioned at the lowest end is sealed by a bottom plate, and the PVC pipe is filled with medium sand;
the inclination measuring node comprises a first MCU, an angle sensor, a first magnetic induction receiving module and a first magnetic induction transmitting module, wherein the angle sensor, the first magnetic induction receiving module and the first magnetic induction transmitting module are respectively connected with the first MCU;
the first magnetic induction receiving module is used for receiving magnetic induction signals and demodulating the magnetic induction signals into electric signals;
the first MCU is used for acquiring angle data of the angle sensor and/or electric signals demodulated by the first magnetic induction receiving module and modulating the angle data and/or the electric signals into low-frequency electric signals;
the first magnetic induction transmitting module is used for converting the low-frequency electric signal into a magnetic induction signal to be transmitted;
the remote transmission unit comprises a second MCU, a remote transmission module, a second magnetic induction receiving module and a second magnetic induction transmitting module which are respectively connected with the second MCU;
the second magnetic induction receiving module is used for receiving the magnetic induction signals and demodulating the magnetic induction signals into electric signals;
the second MCU is used for generating a wake-up signal, modulating the wake-up signal into a low-frequency electric signal, receiving the electric signal demodulated by the second magnetic induction receiving module and transmitting the electric signal to the upper computer through the remote transmission module;
and the second magnetic induction transmitting module is used for converting the low-frequency electric signal into a magnetic induction signal to be transmitted.
2. The landslide deep displacement monitoring device based on low frequency magnetic induction communication of claim 1, wherein: all rigid bodies of the PVC pipes are positioned on the same straight line.
3. The landslide deep displacement monitoring device based on low frequency magnetic induction communication of claim 1, wherein: STM32 series microcontrollers are selected for the first MCU and the second MCU, and the angle sensor adopts an SCA100T chip.
4. The landslide deep displacement monitoring device based on low frequency magnetic induction communication of claim 1, wherein: the first magnetic induction receiving module and the second magnetic induction receiving module have the same structure and comprise an AS3933 chip and a magnetic induction signal 3D receiving antenna; the first magnetic induction transmitting module and the second magnetic induction transmitting module are identical in structure and comprise a driving circuit and a magnetic induction signal transmitting antenna, wherein the driving circuit is composed of an MOS (metal oxide semiconductor) tube driver TC4426 and an MOS tube IRF7389 and is used for providing working current of the magnetic induction signal transmitting antenna.
5. The monitoring method of the landslide deep displacement monitoring device based on the low-frequency magnetic induction communication as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) drilling a hole on a deep displacement monitoring site, wherein the aperture of the drilled hole is larger than the diameter of the PVC pipe;
(2) establishing a landslide deep displacement monitoring device based on low-frequency magnetic induction communication, wherein an inclination measuring node is arranged in each PVC pipe, all the PVC pipes are detachably connected into a whole, the bottom of the PVC pipe at the lowest end is sealed through a bottom plate to form a detection device, and a remote transmission unit and an upper computer are arranged;
(3) vertically sinking the detection equipment into the drill hole, enabling the top of the detection equipment to be parallel to the ground surface, filling the PVC pipe and the gaps between the detection equipment and the drill hole with medium sand, and at the moment, setting the inclinometer node from bottom to top to be the 1 st to the N th in sequence, wherein the PVC pipe at the inclinometer node is L in sequence1-LN；
(4) A second MCU of the remote transmission unit generates a wake-up signal to wake up the first MCU, and the first MCU acquires initial angle data delta 1 '-delta N' of the corresponding angle sensor and sends the initial angle data delta 1 '-delta N' to the second MCU;
(5) setting interval time, generating a wake-up signal again by a second MCU of the remote transmission unit, waking up the first MCU, acquiring secondary angle data delta 1 '-delta N' of the corresponding angle sensor by the first MCU, and sending the secondary angle data delta 1 '-delta N' to the second MCU;
(6) the second MCU obtains the displacement change L of the whole deep part of the landslide body according to the following formula;
Δi＝Δi”-Δi'
wherein i is the ith inclinometer node, and i is 1-N;
(7) and the second MCU sends the L value to the upper computer through the remote transmission unit.
6. The monitoring method of the landslide deep displacement monitoring device based on the low-frequency magnetic induction communication is characterized in that: the step (4) is specifically as follows:
(41) the wake-up signal is converted into a magnetic induction signal through a second magnetic induction transmitting module to be transmitted;
(42) awakening all inclinometer nodes:
the length of the PVC pipe is L in sequence1-LNAnd the distance from the Nth inclinometry node to the earth surface is
The distance between the second magnetic induction transmitting module and the ground surface is LHair-like devicePresetting the awakening distance of the remote transmission unit to be P meters;
if (S)N+LHair-like device) The ratio of/P is less than or equal to 1: the first magnetic induction receiving module of each inclinometer node receives the magnetic induction signals, demodulates the magnetic induction signals into wakeup signals and sends the wakeup signals to the first MCU, and the first MCU is awakened;
if 1<(SN+LHair-like device) T is not more than/P, T is an integer:
(a1) determining a transfer node: dividing the detection equipment into T transmission sections, wherein the lengths of the first T-1 transmission sections are P, each transmission section comprises a plurality of inclinometer nodes, and the lowermost inclinometer node of each transmission section is taken as a transmission node, so that the transmission nodes of the first T-1 transmission sections are respectively the 1 st to the T-1 st transmission nodes;
(a2) awakening all inclinometer nodes in the first transmission section: the first magnetic induction receiving modules of all the inclinometer nodes in the first transmission section receive the magnetic induction signals, demodulate the magnetic induction signals into awakening signals and send the awakening signals to the first MCU, and the first MCU is awakened;
(a3) awakening all inclinometer nodes in the rest sections: the first transmission node converts the awakening signal into a magnetic induction signal through a first magnetic induction transmitting module for transmitting, the magnetic induction signal is received by first magnetic induction receiving modules of all the inclinometer nodes in the second transmission section, the magnetic induction signal is demodulated into the awakening signal and is sent to a corresponding first MCU (microprogrammed control unit), the first MCU in the transmission section is awakened, the second transmission node sequentially transmits the awakening signal downwards, and all the inclinometer nodes in the other transmission sections are awakened sequentially;
(43) the method comprises the steps that a first MCU acquires initial angle data delta 1 '-delta N' of a corresponding angle sensor, and modulates the initial angle data into low-frequency electric signals respectively;
(44) the first magnetic induction transmitting module converts the low-frequency electric signal into a magnetic induction signal;
(45) the magnetic induction signal is sent to a second magnetic induction receiving module;
if (S)N+LHair-like device) The ratio of/P is less than or equal to 1: the first magnetic induction transmitting module directly transmits a magnetic induction signal to the second magnetic inductionA receiving module;
if 1 is less than or equal to (S)N+LHair-like device)/P≤T：
The transmission node receives magnetic induction signals of all the inclinometer nodes in the transmission section below the transmission node, and forms a transmission node signal together with the magnetic induction signals of the transmission node;
directly sending the transmission node signals in the first transmission section and the magnetic induction signals of the other inclinometer nodes to a second magnetic induction receiving module;
(46) the second magnetic induction transmitting module receives the magnetic induction signals of all the inclinometer nodes and demodulates initial angle data delta 1 '-delta N'.
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