CN104343441A - Bottom drilling parameter transmission system for ultra-deep well - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a bottom-hole drilling parameter transmission system for ultra-deep wells, which at least includes a drilling rig operating platform and a drilling tower arranged on the ground, as well as a drill string and a drill bit in the borehole, and the drill rod An outer tube is arranged between the column and the drill bit, and a data acquisition unit, an upper pressure ring and a lower pressure ring are arranged in the outer tube. The data acquisition unit at least includes an inner pipe, an upper water connector and a lower water connector, the upper water connector and the lower water connector are connected to the inner pipe through a threaded thread to form a closed space, and a battery pack is arranged in the closed space , a wireless signal transmitter and a measuring sub-section, the wireless signal transmitter is used to transmit the signal obtained by the measuring sub-section in a wireless manner after encoding, and the battery pack is used to supply power to the wireless signal transmitter and the measuring sub-section. There are deficiencies in the technology. The transmission system is not limited by the signal transmission distance, and can obtain the drilling parameters at the bottom of the well in time, and the obtained parameters are highly accurate.

Description

A bottom hole drilling parameter transmission system for ultra-deep wells

technical field

The invention relates to a drilling system, in particular to a bottom-hole drilling parameter transmission system for ultra-deep wells, which is mainly used in the fields of scientific ultra-deep drilling, oil drilling and the like, and belongs to the field of drilling.

Background technique

During ultra-deep well drilling, timely monitoring and mastering of bottom-hole drilling parameters, especially wellbore trajectory state parameters, is crucial. At present, there are mainly the following methods for monitoring and transmitting bottom-hole drilling parameters: (1) storage-type bottom-hole drilling parameter transmission system. The bottom hole drilling parameters are measured by the sensor and stored in the downhole measurement sub. After the drill is pulled out, the measurement sub is removed. After the memory is taken out, it is connected to the computer and the bottom hole drilling parameters are read through the computer. (2) Mud pulse measurement while drilling system. This method realizes two-way communication between the surface and the downhole by means of drilling fluid pressure pulses or continuous pressure waves. The disadvantage is that there are strict requirements on the gas and sand content of the drilling fluid. (3) Electromagnetic wave measurement system while drilling. In this method, the measured bottom-hole drilling parameters are coded by the transmitter and then transmitted to the surface in the form of wireless electromagnetic waves through the stratum. After the ground receiving system receives the signal, it is processed by amplification, filtering, and denoising, and then displayed on the computer in the form of charts and other forms. and save. It is characterized by fast data transmission speed and large data volume, but the quality of electromagnetic wave signal transmission is affected by the electromagnetic interference of drilling equipment, and the signal strength will gradually attenuate during the formation transmission process, and the speed of attenuation is closely related to factors such as formation resistivity.

Due to the long lifting time of ultra-deep wells, the storage bottomhole drilling parameter transmission system cannot transmit the bottomhole drilling parameters to the surface in time, and the bottomhole parameters can only be obtained after the drilling is lifted. Obviously, the stored bottom hole drilling parameter transmission system cannot meet the requirements of ultra-deep well drilling.

Mud pulse measurement-while-drilling system and electromagnetic wave measurement-while-drilling system are currently widely used in oil drilling, but because the signals of these two methods are interfered and affected by some factors during the transmission process, the distance of signal transmission is restricted. That is, the applicable well depth of these two methods, the maximum well depth used by these two methods is generally three or four thousand meters (the depth of use is closely related to factors such as formations and drilling conditions). As the well depth further increases, these two methods can no longer be used. At this stage, ultra-deep wells refer to wells with a depth of more than 6,000 meters. At present, some oil and gas wells in my country and wells drilled by the deep continental scientific drilling program being implemented by the country have a depth of more than 6,000 meters. For these ultra-deep wells, at present, there are still some difficulties in domestic monitoring and transmission of bottom-hole drilling parameters. Based on this, the patent of the present invention aims to propose a new method for transmission of bottom-hole drilling parameters for ultra-deep wells, so as to solve the problem of transmission of bottom-hole drilling parameters for ultra-deep wells.

Contents of the invention

The invention provides a bottom-hole drilling parameter transmission system for ultra-deep wells, which solves the deficiencies in the background technology. The parameter accuracy is high.

The technical scheme adopted to realize the above-mentioned purpose of the present invention is:

A bottom-hole drilling parameter transmission system for ultra-deep wells, at least including a drilling rig console and a drilling tower arranged on the ground, as well as a drill string and a drill bit in the borehole, and a water tap and a driving drill are arranged in the drilling tower The drill pipe string is connected with the active drill pipe through the drill pipe joint and rotates under the drive of the active drill pipe. The drill bit is installed at the bottom end of the drill pipe string. An outer pipe is arranged between the drill pipe string and the drill bit. The outer pipe The top end of the outer pipe is connected to the drill string through a different diameter joint, and the bottom end of the outer pipe is connected to the drill bit through a joint. The outer pipe is provided with a data acquisition unit, an upper pressure ring and a lower pressure ring, and the upper pressure ring and the lower pressure ring They are all connected to the outer tube through threaded fasteners, and are respectively located on the top and bottom of the data acquisition unit, so as to fix the data acquisition unit,

The data acquisition unit at least includes an inner pipe, an upper water connection joint and a lower water connection joint. Both the upper water connection joint and the lower water connection joint are provided with a water passage, and the two are slidingly fitted with the outer pipe. The water joint and the lower water joint are connected with the inner pipe through threads to form a closed space. The battery pack, wireless signal transmitter and measuring sub-section are installed in the closed space. Parameter high-precision three-axis gyroscope, pressure and temperature sensor, wireless signal transmitter is used to encode the signal obtained by the measurement sub-section and send it wirelessly, and the battery pack is used to supply power to the wireless signal transmitter and measurement sub-section;

The filtrate circulation unit is provided on the ground, and the filtrate circulation unit includes a mud pool, a water suction pipe, a mud pump and a high-pressure rubber hose. On the inlet and outlet of the mud pump, the other end of the suction pipe is located in the mud pool, and the other end of the high-pressure hose is connected to the faucet. The drilling fluid enters the bottom of the borehole through the faucet, the drill string, the reducing joint, and the outer pipe in sequence, and then It flows upward into the mud pool along the borehole, and then re-injects through the suction pipe, mud pump, high-pressure hose and faucet. The drilling fluid is distributed with micro-receivers with a density lower than that of the drilling fluid, and the micro-receptors flow with the drilling fluid. While moving, when the micro receiver moves to the outer tube, it can receive and store the signal transmitted by the wireless signal transmitter.

A filter screen for intercepting micro-receivers is arranged between the mud pool and the borehole, and the diameter of the micro-receptors is larger than the mesh diameter of the filter screen.

The ground is provided with a wireless card reader, and the wireless card reader reads the bottom-hole drilling parameter signal from the micro-receiver and then transmits it to the drilling rig console through wires.

Compared with the prior art, the bottom hole drilling parameter transmission system provided by the present invention has the following advantages: in this application, since the outer pipe below the drill string is provided with a data acquisition unit, the data acquisition unit can collect the bottom hole data. Drilling parameters, and then convert the parameters into electrical signals and send them to the micro-receiver near the outer pipe. After receiving the signal, the micro-receiver returns to the ground with the flow of drilling fluid. The receiver will float on the drilling fluid for easy collection. Due to the adoption of the above working mode in the present invention, it can overcome the limitation of the signal transmission distance and accurately collect the drilling data at the bottom of the well.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the overall structure schematic diagram of the bottom hole drilling parameter transmission system provided by the present invention;

In the figure: 1-drill tower, 2-faucet, 3-active drill pipe, 4-drill pipe joint, 5-drill pipe string, 6-wireless card reader, 7-wire, 8-reducing joint, 9-upper Pressure ring, 10-outer pipe, 11-upper water connector, 12-inner pipe, 13-battery pack, 14-micro-receiver, 15-drilling rig console, 16-wireless signal transmitter, 17-measurement nipple, 18-lower water joint, 19-lower pressure ring, 20-joint, 21-drill bit, 22-mud pool, 23-suction pipe, 24-mud pump, 25-high pressure hose, 26-filter.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.

The structure of the bottom hole drilling parameter transmission system for ultra-deep wells provided by the present invention is shown in Figure 1, including the drilling rig operating platform 15 and the drilling tower 1 arranged on the ground, and the drill string 5 and the drill string located in the borehole. Drill bit 21, a water tap 2 and a driving drill pipe 3 are arranged in the drilling tower 1, the drill pipe string 5 is connected with the driving drill pipe 3 through the drill pipe joint 4 and rotates driven by the driving drill pipe 3, the drill bit 21 is installed on the drill pipe string 5 bottom end.

An outer tube 10 is arranged between the drill string 5 and the drill bit 21, the top of the outer tube 10 is connected to the drill string 5 through a different-diameter joint 8, and the bottom end of the outer tube 10 is connected to the drill bit 21 through a joint 20. The outer tube 10 described above is provided with a data acquisition unit, an upper pressure ring 9 and a lower pressure ring 19, and the upper pressure ring 9 and the lower pressure ring 19 are all connected with the outer tube 10 by threads, and are located at the top of the data acquisition unit respectively. and the bottom to secure the data acquisition unit.

The data acquisition unit at least includes an inner pipe 12, an upper water connection 11 and a lower water connection 18, the upper water connection 11 and the lower water connection 18 are provided with a water passage, and between the two and the outer pipe is Sliding fit, the upper water connector 11 and the lower water connector 18 are connected with the inner pipe 12 through threads to form a closed space, and a battery pack 13, a wireless signal transmitter 16 and a measuring short joint 17 are arranged in the closed space, and the measurement The short joint 17 is installed with a high-precision three-axis gyroscope, pressure and temperature sensors for measuring bottom-hole drilling parameters. The wireless signal transmitter 16 is used to encode the signal obtained by the measurement joint 17 and send it wirelessly. The battery Group 13 is used to power the wireless signal transmitter and the measuring sub.

The filtrate circulation unit is provided on the ground, and the filtrate circulation unit includes a mud pool 22, a water suction pipe 23, a mud pump 24 and a high-pressure rubber hose 25. The mud pool 22 communicates with the borehole, and the mud pool 22 is connected to the A filter screen 26 for intercepting micro-receptors is arranged between the boreholes. One end of the water suction pipe 23 and the high pressure hose 25 are respectively connected to the inlet and outlet of the mud pump 24, the other end of the water suction pipe 23 is located in the mud pool 22, the other end of the high pressure hose 25 is connected to the faucet 2, and the drilling fluid passes through the faucet, The drill string, reducer, and outer pipe enter the bottom of the borehole, then flow upward along the borehole into the mud pool, and then re-inject through the suction pipe, mud pump, high-pressure rubber hose, and faucet.

Micro-receivers 14 with a density lower than that of the drilling fluid are distributed in the drilling fluid, and the micro-receivers 14 move with the flow of the drilling fluid. When the micro-receivers 14 move to the outer pipe, they can receive signal and store. The diameter of the micro-receiver is larger than the mesh diameter of the filter screen.

The ground is provided with a wireless card reader 6, and the wireless card reader 6 reads the bottom-hole drilling parameter signal from the micro receiver 14 and then transmits it to the drilling rig console 15 through the wire 8.

When the bottom-hole drilling parameter transmission system for ultra-deep wells provided by the present invention is in use, all the equipment is connected and installed as shown in Figure 1, and the bottom-hole drilling parameter measurement drilling tool is lowered to the bottom of the hole through the drill string. , the micro-receiver remains on the ground and does not go down into the well.

First turn on the mud pump. The mud pump sucks the drilling fluid from the mud pool through the suction pipe, then injects the drilling fluid into the inner cavity of the drill string through the high-pressure rubber hose and the faucet, and returns to the bottom of the hole through the annular gap between the drill string and the borehole. After the surface flows back into the mud pool, the flow direction of the flushing fluid is shown in Figure 1, and then it is injected into the inner pipe of the drill string through the mud pump, and the cycle is repeated to realize normal drilling.

When it is necessary to measure the bottom hole drilling parameters during the drilling process, you can open the screw thread between the active drill pipe and the drill pipe joint, put the micro receiver into the inner cavity of the drill pipe string, and connect the active drill pipe and the drill pipe joint , turn on the mud pump for normal drilling. At this time, the micro-receiver goes down the inner cavity of the drill string under the action of the flushing fluid. When the micro-receiver is close to the wireless signal transmitter, the wireless signal transmitter will measure the bottom hole measured by the pup joint through the wireless signal. The drilling parameters are transmitted to the micro receiver, which stores the bottom hole drilling parameters inside and returns to the ground along with the flushing fluid, and flows to the mud pool. There is a filter at the entrance of the mud pool, and the micro receiver is Standing in front of the filter screen, the micro-receiver will float on the surface of the drilling fluid because its density is slightly lower than that of the drilling fluid. The staff fishes out the micro-receiver and puts it on the wireless card reader. The wireless card reader reads the in-hole drilling parameters stored on the micro-receiver and transmits them to the drilling console through wires. By changing the drilling parameters, technical measures such as changing the drilling process can achieve the goals of improving drilling efficiency, improving drilling quality and reducing accidents in the hole.

Claims (3)

1. A bottom hole drilling parameter transmission system for ultra-deep wells, at least including a drilling rig console and a drilling tower arranged on the ground, and a drill string and a drill bit positioned in the borehole, and a water tap and a drilling tower are arranged in the drilling tower The active drill pipe, the drill pipe string is connected with the active drill pipe through the drill pipe joint and rotates under the drive of the active drill pipe. The drill bit is installed at the bottom end of the drill pipe string. There is an outer pipe, the top of the outer pipe is connected to the drill string through a different diameter joint, and the bottom end of the outer pipe is connected to the drill bit through a joint. The outer pipe is provided with a data acquisition unit, an upper pressure ring and a lower pressure ring. Both the pressure ring and the lower pressure ring are connected with the outer tube through threads, and are respectively located at the top and bottom of the data acquisition unit, thereby fixing the data acquisition unit, The data acquisition unit at least includes an inner pipe, an upper water connection joint and a lower water connection joint. Both the upper water connection joint and the lower water connection joint are provided with a water passage, and the two are slidingly fitted with the outer pipe. The water joint and the lower water joint are connected with the inner pipe through threads to form a closed space. The battery pack, wireless signal transmitter and measuring sub-section are installed in the closed space. Parameter high-precision three-axis gyroscope, pressure and temperature sensor, wireless signal transmitter is used to encode the signal obtained by the measurement sub-section and send it wirelessly, and the battery pack is used to supply power to the wireless signal transmitter and measurement sub-section; The filtrate circulation unit is provided on the ground, and the filtrate circulation unit includes a mud pool, a water suction pipe, a mud pump and a high-pressure rubber hose. On the inlet and outlet of the mud pump, the other end of the suction pipe is located in the mud pool, and the other end of the high-pressure hose is connected to the faucet. The drilling fluid enters the bottom of the borehole through the faucet, the drill string, the reducing joint, and the outer pipe in sequence, and then It flows upward into the mud pool along the borehole, and then re-injects through the suction pipe, mud pump, high-pressure hose and faucet. The drilling fluid is distributed with micro-receivers with a density lower than that of the drilling fluid, and the micro-receptors flow with the drilling fluid. While moving, when the micro receiver moves to the outer tube, it can receive and store the signal transmitted by the wireless signal transmitter. 2. The bottom-hole drilling parameter transmission system for ultra-deep wells according to claim 1, characterized in that: a filter screen for intercepting micro-receivers is arranged between the mud pool and the borehole, and the micro-receivers The diameter of the receiver is larger than the mesh diameter of the filter screen. 3. The bottom hole drilling parameter transmission system for ultra-deep wells according to claim 1, characterized in that: the ground is provided with a wireless card reader, and the wireless card reader reads the bottom hole from the micro receiver After the drilling parameter signal is transmitted to the drilling machine console through the wire.