CN110939856B - 用于充填加压气罐的装置和方法 - Google Patents
用于充填加压气罐的装置和方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN110939856B CN110939856B CN201910869642.8A CN201910869642A CN110939856B CN 110939856 B CN110939856 B CN 110939856B CN 201910869642 A CN201910869642 A CN 201910869642A CN 110939856 B CN110939856 B CN 110939856B
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- flow rate
- tank
- gas
- transfer line
- gas flow
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 94
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims description 66
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C5/00—Methods or apparatus for filling containers with liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases under pressures
- F17C5/06—Methods or apparatus for filling containers with liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases under pressures for filling with compressed gases
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B67—OPENING, CLOSING OR CLEANING BOTTLES, JARS OR SIMILAR CONTAINERS; LIQUID HANDLING
- B67D—DISPENSING, DELIVERING OR TRANSFERRING LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B67D7/00—Apparatus or devices for transferring liquids from bulk storage containers or reservoirs into vehicles or into portable containers, e.g. for retail sale purposes
- B67D7/06—Details or accessories
- B67D7/74—Devices for mixing two or more different liquids to be transferred
- B67D7/743—Devices for mixing two or more different liquids to be transferred electrically or electro-mechanically operated
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B67—OPENING, CLOSING OR CLEANING BOTTLES, JARS OR SIMILAR CONTAINERS; LIQUID HANDLING
- B67D—DISPENSING, DELIVERING OR TRANSFERRING LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B67D7/00—Apparatus or devices for transferring liquids from bulk storage containers or reservoirs into vehicles or into portable containers, e.g. for retail sale purposes
- B67D7/06—Details or accessories
- B67D7/36—Arrangements of flow- or pressure-control valves
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B67D—DISPENSING, DELIVERING OR TRANSFERRING LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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- B67D7/78—Arrangements of storage tanks, reservoirs or pipe-lines
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种用于充填加压气罐、特别是车辆加压氢罐的装置和方法,该装置包括液化气体源(2)和输送回路,该输送回路包括两条平行的输送管线,每条输送管线具有连结到液化气体源(2)的上游端,以及用于各自可拆卸地连接到待充填的罐(22)的至少两个单独的下游端(4),所述两条输送管线中的每一条都包括:泵(5);用于蒸发被泵送的流体的单元(6);用于绕过蒸发单元(6)的旁通支管(13);和分配阀组,其配置成控制被泵送并在蒸发单元(6)与旁通支管(13)之间分配的流体的流量,装置(1)还包括缓冲储存器组,该缓冲储存器经由阀组与所述两条输送管线中的每一条并联连接。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于充填加压气罐的装置。
更具体地,本发明涉及一种用于充填加压气罐、特别是车辆加压氢罐的装置,该装置包括液化气体源和输送回路,该输送回路包括两条平行输送管线,每条输送管线具有连结到液化气体源的上游端,每条输送管线都包括下游端,所述下游端用于可拆卸地连接到待充填的罐。
背景技术
使用液态氢源的氢气再加注站是已知的。这些已知的装置使得可以使用来自液态氢的冷来产生用于快速充填的预冷却的加压气体,而不会在充填期间过度升高罐中气体的温度。
参考例如US5934081或V Raman、D.Farese和J Hansel的文章“Arapid fillhydrogen fuel station for fuel cell buses(用于燃料电池公共汽车的快速充填氢燃料站)”(12th World Energy conference Hydrogen energy Progress 2p.1629-1642)。还参考D.E.Daney等人的文章“Hydrogen vehicle fueling station(氢动力车辆加注站)”(Advances in Cryogenic Engineering Vol.41,1996)。
这些已知的布置既不能保证设施的令人满意的性能,也不能保证其模块化。
发明内容
本发明的一个目的是克服全部或一部分上述现有技术的缺点。
为此,根据本发明而且按照以上前序部分给出的通用定义的装置的基本特征在于,两条输送管线中的每一条都包括:泵;用于蒸发泵送流体的单元;用于绕过蒸发单元的支管;和分配阀组,其构造成控制泵送并在蒸发单元与旁通支管之间分配的流体的流量,该装置还包括缓冲储存器组,该(这些)缓冲储存器经由阀组与两条输送管线中的每一条并联连接。
此外,本发明的实施例可包括以下特征中的一个或多个:
-缓冲储存器组在蒸发单元与已经通过蒸发单元的流体和已经通过旁通支管的流体之间的混合点之间连接到每条输送管线,
-缓冲储存器组经由相应的膨胀阀连接到每条输送管线,
-每条输送管线的分配阀组包括位于蒸发单元下游和与已经通过旁通支管的流体的混合点的上游的第一分配阀,分配阀组包括在旁通支管中的第二分配阀,
-缓冲储存器组包括两个或多于两个并联连接到每条输送管线的缓冲储存器,每个缓冲储存器经由相应的隔离阀连接到每条输送管线,
-输送回路包括连接管道,该连接管道在两个泵的出口处连结两条输送管线,所述连接管道包括隔离阀,
-两条输送管线包括至少一个绝热部分,
-两条输送管线包括分别测量特别是在下游端附近的压力和温度的至少一个压力传感器和/或至少一个温度传感器,
-在充填操作的至少一部分期间,特别是当确定的气体流速小于或等于泵的最大流速时,输送到罐中的气体流速仅由通过泵提供并分布在蒸发单元与旁通支管之间的气体流速形成,
-对充填罐确定的流速在0至100克/秒之间、特别是在10克/秒至60克/秒之间变化,
-泵是变速泵,并且通过控制泵的速度和可能的由缓冲储存器组提供的气体量来控制在充填期间输送到罐中的气体流速,
-通过管理通过蒸发单元的相对较热的气体与通过旁通支管的相对较冷的气体之间的相对分布以及可能的来自缓冲储存器组的相对较热的气体的量来控制在充填期间输送到罐中的加压气体温度,
-响应于在输送管线下游端测得的压力信号来控制由缓冲储存器组提供的附加气体流速,
-缓冲储存器组包括多个缓冲储存器,这些缓冲储存器并联连接到每条输送管线,并且根据级联过程相继使用,以便向一条或多条输送管线提供气体。
本发明还涉及一种在确定的温度下以确定的气体流速充填至少一个加压气罐以在罐中建立充填确定的梯度的方法,其中该方法使用根据任何一个上述或下述特征的充填装置。
根据其它可能的特征:
-气体流速是可变的并随时间变动,
-在充填操作的至少一部分期间,特别是当确定的气体流速大于泵的最大流速时,输送到罐中的气体流速是首先的通过泵提供并在蒸发单元与旁通支管之间分配的气体流速与其次的通过缓冲储存器组提供的附加气体流速之和,
-该方法包括为罐充填气体流的步骤,该气体流包括由两条输送管线的泵通过将气体流从一条输送管线输送到另一条输送管线中而提供的气体流之和,
-该方法包括,在开始充填罐之前或在开始充填罐时,冷却所述输送管线的步骤,该步骤包括在通过管理通过蒸发单元的相对较热的气体与通过旁通支管的相对较冷的气体之间的相对分布以及可能的来自缓冲储存器组的相对较热的气体的量而控制的确定温度下输送气体,
-通过控制蒸发单元与旁通支管之间的分配阀的开度以及可能的由缓冲储存器组根据“开环”(“前馈”)类型控制和/或根据基于在输送管线处测定的温度的控制环提供的附加气体流速来执行冷却所述输送管线的步骤,
-冷却所述输送管线的步骤包括朝外部或朝用于回收在待冷却的输送管线中控制的确定温度下输送的气体的单元冲洗的步骤。
本发明还可以涉及包括在权利要求范围内的上述或下述特征的任何组合的任何替代装置或方法。
附图说明
在阅读以下参考附图的描述后,其它特征和优点将显现,在附图中:
-图1示出了说明根据本发明的装置示例的结构和操作示例的示意性局部视图,
-图2示出了根据本发明的根据可能的充填示例的参数展开图。
具体实施方式
图1中所示的用于充填加压气罐(特别是车辆加压氢罐)的装置1包括液化气体源2。液化气体源至少包括例如真空绝热的液化气体储存器和/或液化气体源(液化器或任何其它合适的装置)。
应当指出的是,在气体是氢气(H2)的情况下,为了简单起见,流体的状态将由习惯使用的术语“气体”或“液体”指定,但是,取决于流体的压力,后者实际上是超临界流体。
装置1包括输送回路3,该输送回路3包括两条平行的流体输送管线,每条管线具有连结到液化气体源2以便从其中抽取液化气体的上游端3。每条输送管线具有相应的下游端4,其用于各自可拆卸地连接到待充填的罐22(例如,在需要的情况下经由设置有合适的快速连接器和舌阀(flap)的柔性部分而可拆卸地连接到待充填的罐22)。
应当指出的是,图1的示例具有两条输送管线,但可以具有多于两条的输送管线。
两条输送管线中的每一条包括泵5、用于蒸发泵送流体的单元6和用于选择性地绕过蒸发单元6的支管13。
此外,管线各自包括分配阀7、8组,其构造成控制泵送并在蒸发单元6(其中液体被加热和蒸发,因此相对较热并处于相对高的压力下)与旁通支管13(其中液体基本上处于离开泵5时的热力学条件;因此相对较冷)之间分配的流体的流量。
在蒸发单元6的下游,两个平行部分在相对较热和较冷的两种流体的混合点处交汇。
每条输送管线的分配阀7、8组包括例如第一分配阀7,其优选地位于蒸发单元6的下游和与通过旁通支管13的流体的混合点的上游。分配阀7、8组可进一步包括在旁通支管13中(在混合点的上游)的第二分配阀8。
当然,可以设想任何其它分配系统,特别是三通阀系统。
由于分配阀7位于加热单元6的下游和混合点的上游,这使得可以使用在环境温度(非低温)下工作并且管理相对较低的流速的阀。这提高了设施的可靠性并且限制了其成本。
该回路还优选地在每条输送管线中包括位于泵5的出口下游/之后并且在蒸发支管和旁通支管的上游/之前的上游阀23。
通常,充填枪出口(端部4)处的流体温度也可经由该混合来控制,以便保持在例如特别是在-33℃与-40℃之间确定的温度下。
这使得可以获得处于确定的压力和温度下的气体流,提供该气体流以在限制罐22中的加热的同时充填罐22。
蒸发单元6例如是加热器热交换器,其提供液态氢与热源(空气或另一加热元件)的热交换。
装置1还包括一个或多个加压气体缓冲储存器9、10,其经由相应的阀11-16组并联连接到每条输送管线。
这种为每条输送管线(为每条用于充填罐22的管线)提供泵5的架构相对于已知系统具有许多优点。它允许站点的良好模块化(几种可能的同时充填操作,在不影响其它管线的性能的情况下增加或移除输送管线的可能性,等等)。
此外,该解决方案改善了装置的性能。实际上,根据这种布置,每条输送管线的泵5因此特别是在低压下具有更好的体积和能量效率。
实际上,每条输送管线(“分配器”)专用一个泵5的事实使得可以通过限制性能损失、泵5的磨损和焦耳-汤普森膨胀损失来在待充填的罐22所需的压力下提供氢。
因此,每个泵5可以完全用于使用区域中,从而在200巴与900巴(而不是当单个泵直接连接到缓冲储存器并用于多条输送管线时在700与900巴之间的范围)之间的相对较低的压力下提供其最佳能量和容积效率。本发明所允许的这种低压操作使得可以将泵的能量消耗降低多达50%。
如图1所示,缓冲储存器9、10优选地在蒸发单元6与已经通过蒸发单元6的流体和已经通过旁通支管13的流体之间的混合点之间连接到每条输送管线。
例如,缓冲储存器9、10可以经由相应的膨胀阀15、16并联连接到每条输送管线。此外,每个缓冲储存器9、10可以包括位于储存器9、10的入口/出口与每个膨胀阀15、16之间的相应的隔离阀11、12。
针对每条分配器输送管线分开的这些储存器隔离阀11、12、25、14使得可以共享缓冲储存器,同时保持输送管线独立。
如图1所示,输送回路3可以有利地包括至少一个连接管道17,其连结泵5的出口处的两条输送管线(或更多)。连接管道17包括例如隔离阀18。该连接管道17及其阀18在适用的情况下允许在需要时共享(添加)泵送的流体(例如,当充填大型罐时和/或当一个泵已经破损时)。
如图1的图所示,每条输送管线的至少一个部分19可以是绝热的(不一定在真空下和/或经冷却)。此外,每条管线可以包括特别是在用于连接到罐22的下游端附近测量其中的压力/温度的至少一个压力传感器20和/或至少一个温度传感器21。
所有或一部分阀可以是例如由包括微处理器和/或设置有数据获取、存储和处理系统的计算机的电子控制器24管理的阀。控制器24可以连结到装置的传感器和各种其它单元(特别是泵5)以获取数据、控制和管理这些单元。
如图2中通过非限制性示例所示,优选地根据充填(预)定义的梯度来产生罐的充填。例如,管理泵5和一组阀,以便在罐中提供确定的升压速度(P22=罐中的压力),该升压速度例如主要是线性的。例如,在输送管道4中测定(并且表示罐22中的压力P22)的压力P4被控制成随时间线性升高。这可以通过控制随着时间T而在储器22中存在的质量M22并因此控制随时间输送的气体的流速Q来实现。该流速是根据充填条件(数量、罐的容积,温度等)定义的。
所需的气体流速的输送可以由泵5提供,并且可以由一个或多个缓冲储存器9、10提供的额外的气体流速补充。
在标称充填的情况下,必须根据由充填协议限定的充填梯度在15℃的环境温度下在几分钟(例如3分钟)内为罐填充5kg至7kg的氢气。
例如,在充填开始时,泵5单独就足以提供充填车辆所需的流速。取决于压力梯度,该流速从充填开始时的零上升至该泵的最大流速。
例如通过调节泵5的速度来管理(获得)压力梯度。由泵5提供的压力是由待充填的罐22在输送管线的端部/末端所需的压力。该压力通常可以是约50巴至300巴,这取决于罐22的初始压力。
氢通过加热的蒸发单元6,而旁通支管13使得可以在其出口温度下从泵5输送低温氢。
可以管理两个阀7、8的开度以达到适当的分布,以便达到下游端4处的目标气体温度。
如果管线太热(测定温度21高于目标温度),则“热”侧的阀7可以特别彻底地关闭,而“冷”侧的阀8可以例如完全打开,以便允许通过100%的冷流速来冷却管线。
如果管线是冷的,则冷流速/热流速比率可以取决于泵5的性能和/或环境温度而由阀7、8例如在30%和50%之间调节。
当罐22充满时,充填流速可以升高并且特别是可以超过泵5的容量。
控制器可以检测20管线处相对于目标压力的压力不足,并且为了克服这一点,可以打开缓冲储存器的一个或多个阀11、15。
这意味着可以控制泵的流速和由缓冲储存器提供的流速,以便提供在输送管线(特别是在下游端)测量的压力设定点。
在此构型中,泵5可以处于其最大流速(最大速度),并且压力梯度由膨胀阀15管理。
由泵5提供的压力(与输送管线处的压力一样)升高,直至达到充填结束压力(例如700巴至850巴)。在适用的情况下,储存器9、10可以用作级联(与储存器相关联的阀11,12;25,14允许从一个储存器切换到另一个储存器)。
由缓冲储存器9、10提供的氢在已于相应的阀15、16中膨胀之后加入来自泵5的流速。阀7、8始终控制所提供的气体的温度。
在该第二充填阶段中提供的流速更大,例如约25-45g/s,其峰值例如可以达到60g/s。
在由一个或多个缓冲储存器9、10提供的热气体流速也是可变的并且大,由泵5提供的冷气体和热气体之间的比率大于充填开始期间的该比率。该比率可以取决于充填总流速而例如在30%和100%之间变化。
当充填完成时,泵5可用于将一个或多个储存器9、10充填至其标称压力。所有泵送的氢都可以被加热至储存压力(对于中压缓冲储存器为400-500巴,而对于高压缓冲储存器为700-1000巴)。
在某些情况下,充填仅需要低流速,其足够低以完全由泵5提供(例如容量小于4kg氢的小罐)。当环境温度(极)高(例如高于30℃或40℃)时,也可以提供低流速充填。
在这种情况下,膨胀阀15、16在充填期间可以保持关闭。压力梯度可以通过泵5的速度完全控制。冷流速/热流速比率由相应的阀7、8调节,并且可以例如在30%与50%之间变化,如上所述冷却管线除外。
在充填大型罐22(例如储存超过10kg氢的公共汽车罐)所需的大流速的情况下,所需的流速和必要的冷却功率相对较大。通过在输送管线处提供高充填流速,始终可以实现这种快速充填。这可以通过使用两个泵5并控制适当的阀并且特别是通过打开连接管道17的阀18来实现。
因此,这种布局可以使输送管线的容量加倍并使站点1具有使用灵活性。
如上所述,该布置还允许输送管线的有效冷却。
实际上,在很长的待机时间之后,一条或多条输送管线可能会升温。冷却可能会导致现有技术站点的问题。
根据所提出的架构,输送管线可以以多种方式容易地冷却。
例如,可以使用所谓的“直接”冷却来冷却管线,其中冷流体在充填刚好开始时被输送到罐22中。实际上,在开始充填时,可以存在容许时间窗口(通常约30秒),在此期间罐22可以被充填未充分冷却的气体(高于目标温度)。如果输送管线足够短(例如小于三十或二十米),则在容限窗口期间冷却管线之后,泵5出口处的低温氢可以被直接送入罐22中。
管线温度的温度控制可以使用开环(“前馈”)类型校正或“级联”校正来实现,这取决于管线的测定温度21(例如,管线中的气体的温度)。这意味着阀7、8的开度设定点特别是自动控制的或针对下游测定的温度值强制控制。
根据另一种可能的冷却模式(所谓的“冷冲洗”),管线可以通过专用的冷气流冷却,该冷气流不用于充填罐22。
实际上,对于更长的输送管线,“直接冷却”可能证明是不够的。然后可以设想增加冲洗管线。因此,在充填罐22之前,可以用由泵5提供的冷氢冲洗所述管线,并通过所述冲洗管线(为简单起见未示出)送回缓冲储存器9、10。
一旦罐连接到输送管线的下游端并且在用户在实际充填之前操纵界面的状态下,就可以执行该冲洗阶段。这甚至可以通过检测客户/用户/车辆的到达来预先执行。该冲洗阶段可能需要几十秒,这取决于管线的长度和环境温度。
Claims (25)
1.一种用于充填加压气罐的装置,该装置包括液化气体源(2)和输送回路,所述输送回路包括两条平行的输送管线,每条输送管线具有连结到所述液化气体源(2)的上游端(3),每条输送管线包括用于可拆卸地连接到待充填的罐(22)的下游端(4),两条所述输送管线中的每一条都包括:泵(5);用于蒸发被泵送的流体的蒸发单元(6);用于绕过所述蒸发单元(6)的旁通支管(13);和分配阀(7,8)组,所述分配阀组配置成控制被泵送并在所述蒸发单元(6)与所述旁通支管(13)之间分配的流体的流量,所述装置还包括缓冲储存器(9,10)组,所述缓冲储存器经由阀(11-16)组与所述两条平行的输送管线中的每一条并联连接。
2.根据权利要求1所述的装置,其特征在于,所述缓冲储存器(9,10)组在所述蒸发单元(6)与已经通过所述蒸发单元(6)的流体和已经通过所述旁通支管(13)的流体的混合点之间连接到每条输送管线。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的装置,其特征在于,所述缓冲储存器(9,10)组经由相应的膨胀阀(15,16)连接到每条输送管线。
4.根据权利要求1或2所述的装置,其特征在于,每条输送管线的分配阀(7,8)组包括位于所述蒸发单元(6)下游和与已经通过所述旁通支管(13)的流体的混合点的上游的第一分配阀(7),所述分配阀(7,8)组包括所述旁通支管(13)中的第二分配阀(8)。
5.根据权利要求1或2所述的装置,其特征在于,所述缓冲储存器(9,10)组包括并联连接到每条输送管线的两个或多于两个的缓冲储存器,每个缓冲储存器(9,10)都经由相应的第一隔离阀(11,12)连接到每条输送管线。
6.根据权利要求1或2所述的装置,其特征在于,所述输送回路包括连接管道(17),所述连接管道(17)在两个所述泵(5)的出口处连结两条输送管线,所述连接管道(17)包括第二隔离阀(18)。
7.根据权利要求1或2所述的装置,其特征在于,所述两条输送管线包括至少一个绝热部分(19)。
8.根据权利要求1或2所述的装置,其特征在于,所述两条输送管线包括测量压力的至少一个压力传感器(20)和/或测量温度的至少一个温度传感器(21)。
9.根据权利要求8所述的装置,其特征在于,所述至少一个压力传感器(20)用于测量在所述下游端(4)附近的压力。
10.根据权利要求8所述的装置,其特征在于,所述至少一个温度传感器(21)用于测量在所述下游端(4)附近的温度。
11.根据权利要求1-2和9-10中任一项所述的装置,其特征在于,所述加压气罐是车辆加压氢罐。
12.一种在确定的温度下以确定的气体流速充填至少一个加压气罐以在罐中建立充填确定的梯度的方法,其中该方法使用根据权利要求1-11中任一项所述的装置。
13.根据权利要求12所述的方法,其特征在于,所述气体流速是可变的并且随时间变动。
14.根据权利要求12或13所述的方法,其特征在于,在充填操作的至少一部分期间,输送到所述罐中的气体流速是首先的由所述泵(5)提供并在所述蒸发单元(6)和旁通支管(13)之间分配的气体流速与其次的由所述缓冲储存器(9,10)组提供的额外气体流速之和。
15.根据权利要求12或13所述的方法,其特征在于,在充填操作的至少一部分期间,输送到所述罐中的气体流速仅由通过所述泵(5)提供并在所述蒸发单元(6)和所述旁通支管(13)之间分配的气体流速形成。
16.根据权利要求12或13所述的方法,其特征在于,当确定的气体流速大于所述泵(5)的最大流速时,输送到所述罐中的气体流速是首先的由所述泵(5)提供并在所述蒸发单元(6)和旁通支管(13)之间分配的气体流速与其次的由所述缓冲储存器(9,10)组提供的额外气体流速之和。
17.根据权利要求12或13所述的方法,其特征在于,当所确定的气体流速小于或等于所述泵(5)的最大流速时,输送到所述罐中的气体流速仅由通过所述泵(5)提供并在所述蒸发单元(6)和所述旁通支管(13)之间分配的气体流速形成。
18.根据权利要求12或13所述的方法,其特征在于,所述方法包括为罐充填气体流的步骤,所述气体流包括由两条输送管线的泵(5)通过将气体从一条输送管线输送到另一条输送管线中而提供的气体流的总和。
19.根据权利要求12所述的方法,其特征在于,所述方法包括在开始充填罐(22)之前或当开始充填罐(22)时执行的冷却输送管线的步骤,所述冷却输送管线的步骤包括在确定温度下输送气体,所述确定温度通过管理通过所述蒸发单元(6)的相对较热的气体与通过所述旁通支管(13)的相对较冷的气体之间的相对分布来控制。
20.根据权利要求12所述的方法,其特征在于,所述方法包括在开始充填罐(22)之前或当开始充填罐(22)时执行的冷却输送管线的步骤,所述冷却输送管线的步骤包括在确定温度下输送气体,所述确定温度通过管理通过所述蒸发单元(6)的相对较热的气体与通过所述旁通支管(13)的相对较冷的气体之间的相对分布以及来自所述缓冲储存器(9,10)组的相对较热的气体的量来控制。
21.根据权利要求19或20 所述的方法,其特征在于,所述冷却输送管线的步骤通过控制所述蒸发单元(6)与所述旁通支管(13)之间的分配阀的开度来执行,其中,所述缓冲储存器(9,10)组根据开环类型控制和/或根据基于在所述输送管线处测定的温度的控制环来提供附加气体流速。
22.根据权利要求19或20所述的方法,其特征在于,所述冷却输送管线的步骤通过控制所述蒸发单元(6)与所述旁通支管(13)之间的分配阀的开度以及由所述缓冲储存器(9,10)组提供的附加气体流速来执行,其中,所述缓冲储存器(9,10)组根据开环类型控制和/或根据基于在所述输送管线处测定的温度的控制环来提供所述附加气体流速。
23.根据权利要求19或20所述的方法,其特征在于,所述冷却输送管线的步骤包括朝外部或朝用于回收在待冷却的输送管线中控制的确定温度下输送的气体的单元冲洗的步骤。
24.根据权利要求21所述的方法,其特征在于,所述冷却输送管线的步骤包括朝外部或朝用于回收在待冷却的输送管线中控制的确定温度下输送的气体的单元冲洗的步骤。
25.根据权利要求22所述的方法,其特征在于,所述冷却输送管线的步骤包括朝外部或朝用于回收在待冷却的输送管线中控制的确定温度下输送的气体的单元冲洗的步骤。
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JP6708505B2 (ja) * | 2016-07-14 | 2020-06-10 | 株式会社日立プラントメカニクス | 高圧水素の膨張タービン式充填システム |
DE102016009672A1 (de) * | 2016-08-09 | 2018-02-15 | Linde Aktiengesellschaft | Wasserstofftankstelle |
JP2018084329A (ja) | 2016-11-11 | 2018-05-31 | Jxtgエネルギー株式会社 | 水素燃料の供給方法及び水素供給システム |
JP2018105507A (ja) * | 2018-04-02 | 2018-07-05 | 北海道エア・ウォーター株式会社 | 炭酸ガス発生装置 |
FR3086367B1 (fr) | 2018-09-25 | 2020-09-11 | Air Liquide | Dispositif et procede de remplissage de reservoirs de gaz sous pression |
-
2018
- 2018-09-25 FR FR1858700A patent/FR3086367B1/fr active Active
-
2019
- 2019-07-16 EP EP19186415.6A patent/EP3628911B1/fr active Active
- 2019-07-16 DK DK19186415.6T patent/DK3628911T3/da active
- 2019-09-16 CN CN201910869642.8A patent/CN110939856B/zh active Active
- 2019-09-18 JP JP2019169196A patent/JP7399656B2/ja active Active
- 2019-09-24 US US16/580,730 patent/US11155459B2/en active Active
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2021
- 2021-09-29 US US17/488,605 patent/US20220017358A1/en not_active Abandoned
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JP2020051619A (ja) | 2020-04-02 |
FR3086367B1 (fr) | 2020-09-11 |
JP7399656B2 (ja) | 2023-12-18 |
EP3628911B1 (fr) | 2021-03-31 |
DK3628911T3 (da) | 2021-06-21 |
US11155459B2 (en) | 2021-10-26 |
FR3086367A1 (fr) | 2020-03-27 |
EP3628911A1 (fr) | 2020-04-01 |
US20220017358A1 (en) | 2022-01-20 |
US20200095113A1 (en) | 2020-03-26 |
CN110939856A (zh) | 2020-03-31 |
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