CN110928735B - Power-down arbitration bus transceiver and bus system - Google Patents
Power-down arbitration bus transceiver and bus system Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F11/00—Error detection; Error correction; Monitoring
- G06F11/22—Detection or location of defective computer hardware by testing during standby operation or during idle time, e.g. start-up testing
- G06F11/2205—Detection or location of defective computer hardware by testing during standby operation or during idle time, e.g. start-up testing using arrangements specific to the hardware being tested
- G06F11/221—Detection or location of defective computer hardware by testing during standby operation or during idle time, e.g. start-up testing using arrangements specific to the hardware being tested to test buses, lines or interfaces, e.g. stuck-at or open line faults
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F11/00—Error detection; Error correction; Monitoring
- G06F11/22—Detection or location of defective computer hardware by testing during standby operation or during idle time, e.g. start-up testing
- G06F11/26—Functional testing
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Abstract
The invention discloses a power-down arbitration bus transceiver and a bus system, wherein the power-down arbitration bus transceiver comprises: the device comprises a unidirectional rectifier, an electric storage circuit, a power failure detection circuit, a controller and a transceiver; the positive end of the unidirectional rectifier is connected with an external power supply, and the negative end of the unidirectional rectifier is connected with the power storage circuit; the power storage circuit is used for supplying power to the power failure detection circuit, the controller and the transceiver under the condition that an external power supply is disconnected; and the controller is respectively communicated with the power-down detection circuit and the transceiver, and is used for generating power-down information according to the power-down trigger signal transmitted by the power-down detection circuit and transmitting the power-down information to the bus through the transceiver. The power-down arbitration bus transceiver provided by the invention can realize the instant active reporting of the power-down event of the node, so that the bus system can timely find and mark the power-down node on the bus, and the arbitration bus enters the abnormal power-down working state.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of bus communications, and in particular, to a power down arbitration bus transceiver and a bus system.
Background
This section is intended to provide a background or context to the embodiments of the invention that are recited in the claims. The description herein is not admitted to be prior art by inclusion in this section.
It is well known that when multiple node devices on a bus communicate, typically only one node device can send data to the bus, and that other node devices on the bus can receive data. Each node device on the bus needs to be connected to the bus transceiver to transmit or receive data, and thus, power failure of the bus transceiver may affect data transmission of the node device.
The traditional bus transceiver can not detect whether the bus transceiver is powered down or not, so that a bus formed by the bus transceiver needs a main node to directly access each node on the bus to acquire the working state of each node, and the node with communication failure is identified. The node with communication fault may be caused by power failure of the node or may be caused by fault of the node itself.
It can be seen that the existing bus transceiver cannot realize the functions of power-down detection and active reporting of the power-down node, so that it is difficult for the bus system to find the power-down node on the bus.
In view of the above problems, no effective solution has been proposed at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a power-down arbitration bus transceiver, which is used for solving the technical problem that a bus system is difficult to find a power-down node on a bus because the existing bus transceiver cannot realize the functions of power-down detection and active reporting of the power-down node, and comprises the following components: the device comprises a unidirectional rectifier, an electric storage circuit, a power failure detection circuit, a controller and a transceiver; the positive end of the unidirectional rectifier is connected with an external power supply, and the negative end of the unidirectional rectifier is connected with the power storage circuit; the power storage circuit is used for supplying power to the power failure detection circuit, the controller and the transceiver under the condition that an external power supply is disconnected; and the controller is respectively communicated with the power-down detection circuit and the transceiver, and is used for generating power-down information according to the power-down trigger signal transmitted by the power-down detection circuit and transmitting the power-down information to the bus through the transceiver.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a bus system for solving the technical problem that the bus system is difficult to find the power-down node on the bus because the existing bus transceiver cannot realize the functions of power-down detection and active reporting of the power-down node, and the bus system comprises: the power down arbitration bus transceiver described above.
In the embodiment of the invention, the power supply outside the bus transceiver is isolated from the power storage circuit inside the bus transceiver through the unidirectional rectifier, so that the power storage circuit supplies power when the bus transceiver is powered down, and the power failure detection circuit triggers the controller to generate power failure information and sends the power failure information to the bus through the transceiver.
The power-down arbitration bus transceiver provided by the embodiment of the invention can realize the instant active reporting of the power-down event of the node, so that the bus system can timely discover and mark the power-down node on the bus and enter the common data working mode.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a power down arbitration bus transceiver according to an embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a bus system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions herein are for the purpose of explaining the present invention, but are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
In the description of the present specification, the terms "comprising," "including," "having," "containing," and the like are open-ended terms, meaning including, but not limited to. The description of the reference terms "one embodiment," "a particular embodiment," "some embodiments," "for example," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the application. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. The order of steps involved in the embodiments is illustrative of the practice of the application, and is not limited and may be suitably modified as desired.
In an embodiment of the present invention, a power-down arbitration bus transceiver is provided, and fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a power-down arbitration bus transceiver provided in an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, where the power-down arbitration bus transceiver includes: unidirectional rectifier 10, power storage circuit 20, power loss detection circuit 30, controller 40, and transceiver 50;
Wherein the positive terminal of the unidirectional rectifier 10 is connected with an external power source, and the negative terminal of the unidirectional rectifier 10 is connected with the power storage circuit 20; the power storage circuit 20 is configured to be the power-down detection circuit 30, the controller 40, and the transceiver 50 in the case where the external power supply is turned off; the controller 40 is respectively in communication with the power-down detection circuit 30 and the transceiver 50, and is configured to generate power-down information according to the power-down trigger signal transmitted by the power-down detection circuit, and send the power-down information to the bus through the transceiver 50.
It should be noted that, the unidirectional rectifier 10 in the embodiment of the present invention may be any device capable of achieving unidirectional current conduction, and the unidirectional rectifier may be an asynchronous rectifier or a synchronous rectifier with a controlled end. The controller 40 in the embodiment of the present invention is configured to detect and process the power-down signal, and implement communication control and bus arbitration control. In practice, the controller may comprise logic circuitry, such as a processor, programmable logic device or ASIC circuitry plus peripheral interface circuitry, or the like. The transceiver 50 in the embodiment of the present invention may be an existing bus transceiver, or may be a data transceiver module with a function of receiving and transmitting bus data. After the power-down detection circuit 30 transforms and processes the power signal, a power-down trigger signal is sent to a logic input pin of the controller.
In an alternative embodiment, in the power down arbitration bus transceiver provided in the embodiment of the present invention, the power storage circuit 20 includes: an electrical storage device, which may be a capacitor or an equivalent device (e.g., a battery); preferably, this can be achieved with super capacitors. Since the positive terminal of the unidirectional rectifier 10 is connected to an external power source, the negative terminal of the unidirectional rectifier 10 is connected to the power storage circuit 20; when the external power supply supplies power to the bus transceiver normally, the external power supply charges the capacitor; when the external power supply is disconnected, the capacitor starts to discharge, and the unidirectional rectifier can only conduct unidirectionally, so that the charges on the capacitor cannot flow to the external power supply and only supply power to the inside of the bus transceiver. The capacity of the capacitor can be selected by those skilled in the art according to the practical application, and the present invention is not limited thereto.
Alternatively, the power-down information generated by the controller 40 may at least include node information of the node where the power-down transceiver is located. Because the power-down information comprises node information of the node where the power-down transceiver is located, all nodes on the bus can acquire that the power-down event occurs to the node where the power-down bus transceiver is located through the power-down information transmitted on the bus.
As can be seen from the above, the power-down arbitration bus transceiver provided by the embodiment of the invention isolates the power supply outside the bus transceiver from the power storage circuit inside the bus transceiver through the unidirectional rectifier, so that the power storage circuit supplies power to the bus transceiver when the power of the bus transceiver is lost, and the power-down detection circuit triggers the controller to generate power-down information and sends the power-down information to the bus through the transceiver.
The power-down arbitration bus transceiver provided by the embodiment of the invention can realize the instant active reporting of the power-down event of the node, so that the bus system can timely find the power-down node on the bus.
Since the external power source of the bus transceiver is disconnected, the power signal (voltage signal or current signal) of the bus transceiver will drop rapidly, as an alternative embodiment, in the power-down arbitration bus transceiver provided in the embodiments of the present invention, the power-down detection circuit 30 generates a power-down trigger signal (for example, an active level signal) when detecting that the power signal is lower than the preset threshold, and transmits the power-down trigger signal to the controller. When a power down event occurs, the power supply signal falls to a preset threshold, the power down detection circuit 30 transforms and processes the power supply signal, outputs a valid level signal, triggers the controller 40 to enter a power down mode, processes and marks the power down event, and transmits power down information (e.g., a data stream stating that a node is off) to the bus where the power down event is located with a high bus occupation priority, and the bus transceiver of each node on the bus enters a corresponding working mode according to a preset node power down arbitration mechanism. Optionally, after the controller 40 is triggered, the power down exception status word may also be updated, the parameter registers updated and the memory records the power down event.
Because each node device on the bus randomly puts forward an occupation request for the bus during data communication, the bus competition problem is caused. In order to enable the bus system to find out the power-down node in time, in the embodiment of the invention, the bus occupation priority of the power-down transparent data stream is set to be high priority, so that the power-down of the bus transceiver of any node on the bus can stop the node data transmission, and the power-down information of the power-down node is preferentially transmitted.
Because a certain node is powered down, other nodes on the bus cannot know that the bus channel can be preempted only if the powered down node sends a high-priority bus occupation data code stream. Thus, as an alternative implementation, in the power down arbitration bus transceiver provided in the embodiment of the present invention, the transceiver 50 sends power down information to the bus through the high priority bus occupation data code stream.
Further, in an alternative implementation, in the power down arbitration bus transceiver provided in the embodiment of the present invention, the transceiver 50 may send the power down information to the bus in a cyclic manner by occupying the data stream by the high-priority bus before the power of the power storage circuit is consumed.
In general, in a multi-node serial bus system of a shared channel, a communication protocol specifies that node communication needs priority, and is generally implemented by defining codes, and the more explicit codes, the more explicit codes are specified in a data frame control word, the higher the priority is possessed by a node transmitting the data stream. The bus arbitration mechanism of the embodiment of the invention prescribes one or more groups of codes aiming at the power-down node, so that the power-down node effectively occupies channels and buses when transmitting data frames, and excludes and informs other nodes that the power-down node appears on the current bus and needs to be switched to a power-down interception mode. Furthermore, the bus arbitration mechanism of the embodiment of the invention can be preset, and before the electric energy of the electric storage circuit is exhausted, the power-down nodes need to circularly send power-down events and power-down node information as much as possible, so that other nodes on the bus are effectively informed of entering the abnormal power-down working state of the bus nodes. Furthermore, the bus arbitration mechanism in the embodiment of the invention can be preset, and after the bus enters the abnormal working state of power failure of the node, the active node can prohibit sending of commands and data under the condition of all nodes of the bus, and only ordinary data communication can be performed.
Thus, as an alternative implementation, in the power down arbitration bus transceiver provided by the embodiments of the present invention, the transceiver 50 may have, but is not limited to, any one or more of the following operating modes including: a normal mode, a power-down listening mode, and a normal data communication mode; the normal mode is a mode that each node of the transceiver and the bus normally works under the condition that power is not lost; the power-down mode is a mode that the transceiver transmits power-down information to the bus under the power-down condition; the power-down interception mode is a mode that transceivers intercept and mark other power-down node transceivers on a bus to send power-down information; the common data communication mode is a mode that the node transceiver is not powered down on the bus to conduct data communication. It should be noted that in the normal data communication mode, both command interaction and data interaction on the bus under the condition of full nodes are prohibited. It should be noted that the working states in the power-down mode, the power-down interception mode and the normal data communication mode belong to abnormal power-down working states.
When the working mode of the transceiver 50 is the normal mode, the data sent by the transceiver 50 is sent to all node devices on the bus through the bus; when the operation mode of the transceiver 50 is the power-down mode, the transceiver 50 transmits power-down information through the bus; when the working mode of the transceiver 50 is the power-down monitoring mode, the transceiver 50 monitors and marks the power-down information sent by other power-down transceivers on the bus; when the operation mode of the transceiver 50 is the normal data communication mode, the transceiver 50 only transmits data or broadcast data to the non-powered down transceiver through the bus, and also only receives data transmitted by other non-powered down transceivers on the bus to the non-powered down transceiver on the bus, and when the marked power down node retransmits the data, the abnormal event is immediately marked and the abnormal inquiry is broadcast to ask other nodes whether the abnormal event is marked by omission or not.
In a preferred embodiment, in the power-down arbitration bus transceiver provided by the embodiment of the present invention, the transceiver 50 may listen to data transmitted on the bus while transmitting data to the bus, stop transmitting data when detecting that the transmitted data is inconsistent with the intercepted data, and opportunistically retransmit data according to the bus occupation priority.
By the above embodiment, in the process of communication of each bus transceiver on the bus, if each transceiver of each bus transceiver can listen to the data transmitted on the bus while transmitting the data, whether the data transmitted by itself is consistent with the received data can be detected, if not, the data transmission is stopped and opportunistic retransmission is performed if the data is inconsistent, which indicates that information of other nodes is transmitted on the bus. For a power down node, when the power down node transmits a power down declaration data stream or power down information (e.g., a low priority control word and a large data length value) through the bus, if the low priority control word and the large data length value transmitted on the bus are detected, dominant coded data transmission can be started, the data transmission node is forced to end normal data transmission, and then retransmission power down event information of the power down node is started. For normal nodes, when data is sent, the data sending of the normal nodes is stopped when the power-down data flow or the power-down information of the power-down nodes transmitted on the bus is monitored, and the data is sent after the power-down information on the bus is sent.
Because the transceivers of any one of the bus transceivers on the bus enter a power down snoop mode (i.e., snoop power down information sent by other power down transceivers on the bus) after receiving power down events sent by other bus transceivers. When a transceiver of a certain bus transceiver is in a power-down interception mode, if the transceiver is in a non-power-down state, after other power-down transceivers on the bus send power-down information, switching from the power-down interception mode to a common data communication mode; if the transceiver is in a power-down state, after other power-down transceivers on the bus send power-down information, the power-down monitoring mode is switched to a power-down mode.
It should be noted that existing bus transceivers are not capable of detecting power down nor actively declaring a power down event at the node. Therefore, the bus formed by the transceiver monitors the working state of the node through the bus periodic pulse data transmission and direct access modes, and if the power of the node is lost, the main node cannot receive normal replies, so that the node fault is identified. It can be seen that the bus system formed by the existing bus transceiver cannot detect that the power-down node is powered down, and even cannot identify whether the node disconnection is caused by power down or transceiver failure. The power-down arbitration bus transceiver provided by the embodiment of the invention can detect, process, transmit and arbitrate power-down events in real time, and a bus system introduced into the bus transceiver can monitor and arbitrate power-down faults of nodes in time, guide the bus system to enter a power-down abnormal working state, and can solve bus faults and electrical system faults caused by abnormal power-down of the nodes in a bus. In addition, the existing bus transceiver does not have the functions of isolating a power supply system and detecting power failure, does not have a power failure arbitration protocol and mechanism, and can only be detected and found in a passive mode when a node on the bus is powered down, so that the bus system is difficult to enter a power failure abnormal working state in real time.
Embodiments of the present invention also provide a bus system that may include any of the optional or preferred power down arbitration bus transceivers described above.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a bus system provided in an embodiment of the present invention, where, as shown in fig. 2, a bus of the bus system includes a plurality of nodes, and a bus transceiver of each node may use the power-down arbitration bus transceiver provided in the embodiment of the present invention.
It should be noted that, the bus arbitration mechanism provided in the embodiment of the present invention may further preset a group or groups of codes for a power-down node, and when a certain node on the bus is powered down, the bus transceiver on the power-down node preferentially occupies a bus channel, sends a power-down transparent data stream through the bus, informs other nodes on the bus that the current power-down node exists on the bus, and needs to switch to a power-down interception mode, and the bus transceiver on the power-down node intercepts data transmitted on the bus while sending the data. When a plurality of nodes on the bus are powered down simultaneously, the power-down node with priority coding occupies a bus channel and transmits power-down bright data stream through the bus, other power-down nodes on the bus monitor power-down information like normal nodes and mark power-down events, and the power-down nodes are not switched to a common data communication mode but switched to a power-down mode after the power-down information transmission of the power-down node with priority transmission of the power-down information is monitored, and immediately start the report of the power-down event once no data is monitored on the bus, and transmit the power-down bright data stream of the power-down node through the bus.
It can be seen from the above that, when the power-down arbitration bus transceiver provided by the embodiment of the present invention is applied to a bus system, any node on the bus can report its power-down event immediately after power-down, which is particularly critical for important applications or security-related applications.
It should be noted that, the present invention provides a bus transceiver capable of reporting power failure information immediately after power failure through a unidirectional rectifier and an electric storage circuit, and the bus arbitration protocol involved in the embodiment of the present invention may be specifically set according to practical applications, and is not limited to the arbitration protocol proposed in the embodiment of the present invention.
In summary, the embodiments of the present invention provide a power-down arbitration bus transceiver and a bus system, and introduce a new and simple node power-down detection and arbitration mechanism, which can quickly detect a power-down node and arbitrate a subsequent working mode of a bus. By the power-down arbitration bus transceiver and the bus system provided by the embodiment of the invention, the instant active reporting of the node power-down event can be realized, so that the bus system can timely discover and mark the power-down node on the bus, and the arbitration bus enters a power-down abnormal working state.
The foregoing description of the embodiments has been provided for the purpose of illustrating the general principles of the invention, and is not meant to limit the scope of the invention, but to limit the invention to the particular embodiments, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements, etc. that fall within the spirit and principles of the invention are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. A power down arbitration bus transceiver, comprising: the device comprises a unidirectional rectifier, an electric storage circuit, a power failure detection circuit, a controller and a transceiver;
the positive terminal of the unidirectional rectifier is connected with an external power supply, and the negative terminal of the unidirectional rectifier is connected with the power storage circuit; the power storage circuit is used for supplying power to the power failure detection circuit, the controller and the transceiver under the condition that the external power supply is disconnected; the unidirectional rectifier is used for realizing unidirectional current conduction;
The controller is respectively communicated with the power-down detection circuit and the transceiver, and is used for generating power-down information according to a power-down trigger signal transmitted by the power-down detection circuit and transmitting the power-down information to a bus through the transceiver;
the working modes of the transceiver comprise: a normal mode, a power-down listening mode, and a normal data communication mode;
The normal mode is a mode in which each node of the transceiver and the bus is in normal operation under the condition of no power failure; the power-down mode is a mode that the transceiver transmits power-down information to a bus under the power-down condition; the power-down interception mode is a mode that the transceiver intercepts and marks other power-down node transceivers on a bus to send power-down information; the common data communication mode is a mode of data communication of a node transceiver which is not powered down on a bus;
The transceiver monitors the data transmitted on the bus while transmitting the data to the bus, detects whether the data transmitted by the transceiver is consistent with the received data, and if the data is inconsistent, the transceiver stops transmitting the data and resends the data opportunistically when the data is inconsistent, indicating that the information of other nodes is transmitted on the bus; for a power-down node, when the power-down node transmits a power-down declaration data stream or power-down information through a bus, if a low-priority control word and a large data length value transmitted on the bus are detected, starting dominant coded data transmission, forcing the data transmission node to end normal data transmission, and then starting retransmission power-down event information of the power-down node; for normal nodes, when data are sent, the data sending is stopped when the power-down data flow or power-down information of the power-down nodes transmitted on the bus is monitored, and the data are sent after the power-down information on the bus is sent;
When the transceiver is in a power-down interception mode, if the transceiver is in a non-power-down state, after other power-down transceivers on the bus send power-down information, switching from the power-down interception mode to a common data communication mode; and if the transceiver is in a power-down state, switching from a power-down interception mode to a power-down mode after other power-down transceivers on the bus send power-down information.
2. The power down arbitration bus transceiver of claim 1, wherein said power storage circuit comprises: and the electric storage device is a capacitor or a storage battery.
3. The power down arbitration bus transceiver of claim 1, wherein said power down detection circuit generates a power down trigger signal and transmits to said controller if the detected power signal is below a preset threshold.
4. The power down arbitration bus transceiver of claim 1, wherein said transceiver transmits said power down information to the bus via a high priority bus occupancy data stream.
5. The power down arbitration bus transceiver as recited in claim 4, wherein said transceiver transmits said power down information to the bus via a high priority bus occupancy data stream in a round robin fashion before said power storage circuitry has been depleted.
6. The power down arbitration bus transceiver as recited in claim 1, wherein said power down information comprises node information of a node at which the power down transceiver is located.
7. The power down arbitration bus transceiver as recited in claim 1, wherein the transceiver listens to data transmitted on the bus while transmitting data to the bus, and in the event that a discrepancy between the transmitted data and the intercepted data is detected, stops transmitting data, and opportunistically resends data based on bus occupancy priority.
8. A bus system, comprising: the power down arbitration bus transceiver of any of claims 1 to 7.
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