CN110928735A - Power down arbitration bus transceiver and bus system - Google Patents
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- G06F11/2205—Detection or location of defective computer hardware by testing during standby operation or during idle time, e.g. start-up testing using arrangements specific to the hardware being tested
- G06F11/221—Detection or location of defective computer hardware by testing during standby operation or during idle time, e.g. start-up testing using arrangements specific to the hardware being tested to test buses, lines or interfaces, e.g. stuck-at or open line faults
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Abstract
The invention discloses a power failure arbitration bus transceiver and a bus system, wherein the power failure arbitration bus transceiver comprises: the power failure detection circuit comprises a one-way rectifier, an electric power storage circuit, a power failure detection circuit, a controller and a transceiver; the positive end of the unidirectional rectifier is connected with an external power supply, and the negative end of the unidirectional rectifier is connected with the electric storage circuit; the power storage circuit is used for supplying power to the power failure detection circuit, the controller and the transceiver under the condition that an external power supply is disconnected; and the controller is communicated with the power failure detection circuit and the transceiver respectively, and is used for generating power failure information according to the power failure trigger signal transmitted by the power failure detection circuit and transmitting the power failure information to the bus through the transceiver. The power failure arbitration bus transceiver provided by the invention can realize the instant active report of the node power failure event, so that a bus system can find and mark the power failure node on the bus in time, and the arbitration bus enters a power failure abnormal working state.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of bus communication, in particular to a power failure arbitration bus transceiver and a bus system.
Background
This section is intended to provide a background or context to the embodiments of the invention that are recited in the claims. The description herein is not admitted to be prior art by inclusion in this section.
As is known, when a plurality of node devices on a bus communicate, only one node device can send data to the bus, and all other node devices on the bus receive the data. Each node device on the bus needs to be connected with the bus transceiver to send or receive data, so that the data transmission of the node device is influenced by the power failure of the bus transceiver.
The conventional bus transceiver cannot detect whether the bus is powered down or not, so that a bus formed by the bus transceiver needs a master node to directly access each node on the bus to acquire the working state of each node, and thus, the node with a communication fault is identified. The node with communication failure may be caused by the power failure of the node or the failure of the node itself.
Therefore, the functions of power failure detection and active reporting of power failure nodes cannot be realized by the conventional bus transceiver, so that the power failure nodes on the bus are difficult to discover by a bus system.
In view of the above problems, no effective solution has been proposed.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a power failure arbitration bus transceiver, which is used for solving the technical problem that a bus system is difficult to find power failure nodes on a bus because the conventional bus transceiver cannot realize the functions of power failure detection and active reporting of the power failure nodes, and comprises the following components: the power failure detection circuit comprises a one-way rectifier, an electric power storage circuit, a power failure detection circuit, a controller and a transceiver; the positive end of the unidirectional rectifier is connected with an external power supply, and the negative end of the unidirectional rectifier is connected with the electric storage circuit; the power storage circuit is used for supplying power to the power failure detection circuit, the controller and the transceiver under the condition that an external power supply is disconnected; and the controller is communicated with the power failure detection circuit and the transceiver respectively, and is used for generating power failure information according to the power failure trigger signal transmitted by the power failure detection circuit and transmitting the power failure information to the bus through the transceiver.
The embodiment of the present invention further provides a bus system, which is used for solving the technical problem that the bus system is difficult to find a power-down node on a bus because the existing bus transceiver cannot realize the functions of power-down detection and active reporting of the power-down node, and the bus system includes: the power down arbitration bus transceiver is described above.
In the embodiment of the invention, the power supply outside the bus transceiver and the electric storage circuit inside the bus transceiver are isolated by the one-way rectifier, so that under the condition of power failure of the bus transceiver, the electric storage circuit supplies power, the power failure detection circuit triggers the controller to generate power failure information, and the power failure information is sent to the bus through the transceiver.
The power failure arbitration bus transceiver provided by the embodiment of the invention can realize the instant active report of the node power failure event, so that a bus system can discover and mark the power failure node on the bus in time and enter a common data working mode.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts. In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a power down arbitration bus transceiver provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a bus system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the embodiments of the present invention are further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The exemplary embodiments and descriptions of the present invention are provided to explain the present invention, but not to limit the present invention.
In the description of the present specification, the terms "comprising," "including," "having," "containing," and the like are used in an open-ended fashion, i.e., to mean including, but not limited to. Reference to the description of the terms "one embodiment," "a particular embodiment," "some embodiments," "for example," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the application. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. The sequence of steps involved in the embodiments is for illustrative purposes to illustrate the implementation of the present application, and the sequence of steps is not limited and can be adjusted as needed.
The embodiment of the present invention provides a power down arbitration bus transceiver, fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a power down arbitration bus transceiver provided in the embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 1, the power down arbitration bus transceiver includes: a one-way rectifier 10, a power storage circuit 20, a power failure detection circuit 30, a controller 40, and a transceiver 50;
wherein, the positive terminal of the unidirectional rectifier 10 is connected with the external power supply, the negative terminal of the unidirectional rectifier 10 is connected with the electric storage circuit 20; the power storage circuit 20 is used for the power failure detection circuit 30, the controller 40, and the transceiver 50 in the case where the external power supply is turned off; the controller 40 is in communication with the power down detection circuit 30 and the transceiver 50, respectively, and is configured to generate power down information according to the power down trigger signal transmitted by the power down detection circuit, and transmit the power down information to the bus through the transceiver 50.
It should be noted that the unidirectional rectifier 10 in the embodiment of the present invention may be any device capable of realizing unidirectional current conduction, and the unidirectional rectifier may be an asynchronous rectifier or a synchronous rectifier with a controlled end. The controller 40 in the embodiment of the present invention is configured to detect and process a power-down signal, thereby implementing communication control and bus arbitration control. In practice, the controller may comprise logic circuitry, such as a processor, programmable logic device, or ASIC circuitry plus peripheral interface circuitry. The transceiver 50 in the embodiment of the present invention may be an existing bus transceiver, or may be a data transceiver module for transceiving bus data. When the power down detection circuit 30 converts and processes the power signal, the power down trigger signal is sent to the logic input pin of the controller.
In an alternative embodiment, in the power down arbitration bus transceiver provided in the embodiment of the present invention, the power storage circuit 20 includes: an electric storage device, which may be a capacitor or an equivalent device (e.g., a battery); preferably, a super capacitor may be employed for implementation. Since the positive terminal of the unidirectional rectifier 10 is connected to the external power supply, the negative terminal of the unidirectional rectifier 10 is connected to the electric storage circuit 20; when the external power supply normally supplies power, the external power supply charges the capacitor while supplying power to the bus transceiver; when the external power supply is disconnected, the capacitor starts to discharge, and the unidirectional rectifier can only be conducted in a unidirectional mode, so that charges on the capacitor cannot flow to the external power supply and only power is supplied to the interior of the bus transceiver. The capacitance of the capacitor can be selected by one skilled in the art according to the actual application scenario, which is not limited by the invention.
Optionally, the power-down information generated by the controller 40 may include at least node information of a node where the power-down transceiver is located. Because the power failure information contains the node information of the node where the power failure transceiver is located, all nodes on the bus can know the power failure event of the node where the power failure transceiver is located through the power failure information transmitted on the bus.
As can be seen from the above, the power-down arbitration bus transceiver provided in the embodiment of the present invention isolates the power supply outside the bus transceiver from the power storage circuit inside the bus transceiver through the unidirectional rectifier, so that when the bus transceiver is powered down, the power storage circuit supplies power, the power-down detection circuit triggers the controller to generate power-down information, and the power-down information is sent to the bus through the transceiver.
The power failure arbitration bus transceiver provided by the embodiment of the invention can realize the instant active report of the node power failure event, so that a bus system can discover the power failure node on the bus in time.
As an alternative embodiment, in the power down arbitration bus transceiver provided in the embodiment of the present invention, the power down detection circuit 30 generates a power down trigger signal (e.g., an effective level signal) and transmits the power down trigger signal to the controller when detecting that the power supply signal is lower than the preset threshold. When a power down event occurs, the power signal drops to a preset threshold value, the power down detection circuit 30 transforms and processes the power signal, outputs an effective level signal, triggers the controller 40 to enter a power down mode, processes and marks the power down event, and transmits power down information (for example, declares a data stream with a node disconnected) to a bus where the power down event is located with a high bus occupation priority, and the bus transceiver of each node on the bus enters a corresponding working mode according to a preset node power down arbitration mechanism. Optionally, after the controller 40 is triggered, the power down exception status word may be updated, and the parameter register and the memory may be updated to record the power down event.
When data communication is performed on each node device on the bus, an occupation request for the bus is randomly issued, so that the problem of bus contention is caused. In order to enable a bus system to discover a power-down node in time, the priority level occupied by the bus of the power-down declaration data stream is set as a high priority level in the embodiment of the invention, so that when the bus transceiver of any node on the bus is powered down, the data transmission of the node is stopped, and the power-down information of the power-down node is transmitted preferentially.
Because a certain node is powered down, other nodes on the bus cannot know the node, and the bus channel can be seized only if the power-down node sends a high-priority bus occupation data code stream. Therefore, as an optional implementation manner, in the power down arbitration bus transceiver provided in the embodiment of the present invention, the transceiver 50 sends the power down information to the bus through the high-priority bus occupied data stream.
Further, it is prevented that the power down information of the power down node is not notified to all nodes on the bus, and in an optional implementation manner, in the power down arbitration bus transceiver provided in the embodiment of the present invention, the transceiver 50 may send the power down information to the bus through the high-priority bus occupied data code stream in a cyclic manner as much as possible before the power consumption of the power storage circuit is completed.
It should be noted that, in a multi-node serial bus system sharing a channel, a communication protocol specifies that node communication needs to have priority, and is generally implemented by defining codes, and the more explicit codes are specified on a data frame control word, the higher priority a node transmitting the data stream has. The bus arbitration mechanism of the embodiment of the invention specifies one or more groups of codes aiming at the power-down nodes, so that the power-down nodes effectively occupy channels and buses when sending data frames, exclude and inform other nodes that the power-down nodes appear on the current buses and need to be switched to a power-down interception mode. Furthermore, the bus arbitration mechanism of the embodiment of the invention can be preset, and before the electric energy of the electric storage circuit is exhausted, the power-down node needs to circularly send power-down events and power-down node information as much as possible, so that other nodes on the bus are effectively informed to enter a power-down abnormal working state of the bus node. Furthermore, the bus arbitration mechanism of the embodiment of the invention can also be preset, after the bus enters the node power-down abnormal working state, the active node prohibits sending commands and data under the condition of all nodes of the bus, and only ordinary data communication can be carried out.
Thus, as an alternative implementation, in the power down arbitration bus transceiver provided in the embodiment of the present invention, the transceiver 50 may have, but is not limited to, any one or more of the following operation modes: a normal mode, a power-down interception mode and a common data communication mode; the normal mode is a mode in which the transceiver and each node of the bus where the transceiver is located work normally under the condition of not powering down; the power-down mode is a mode that the transceiver sends power-down information to the bus under the condition of power-down; the power failure monitoring mode is a mode that the transceiver monitors and marks other power failure node transceivers on the bus to send power failure information; the common data communication mode is a mode in which the transceiver of the node without power failure on the bus performs data communication. It should be noted that in the normal data communication mode, both command interaction and data interaction in the full node condition on the bus are disabled. It should be noted that the working states in the power-down mode, the power-down interception mode and the normal data communication mode belong to the abnormal working state of power-down.
When the operating mode of the transceiver 50 is the normal mode, the data sent by the transceiver 50 is sent to all node devices on the bus through the bus; when the operating mode of the transceiver 50 is the power-down mode, the transceiver 50 transmits power-down information through the bus; when the working mode of the transceiver 50 is the power-down monitoring mode, the transceiver 50 monitors and marks power-down information sent by other power-down transceivers on the bus; when the operating mode of the transceiver 50 is the normal data communication mode, the transceiver 50 only transmits data or broadcasts data to the transceiver without power down through the bus, and only receives data transmitted by other transceivers without power down on the bus to the transceiver without power down, when the marked power down node receives the data again, the abnormal event is immediately marked, and the abnormal event is broadcasted opportunistically to inquire whether the abnormal event is marked by other nodes.
As a preferred implementation manner, in the power down arbitration bus transceiver provided in the embodiment of the present invention, the transceiver 50 may listen to data transmitted on the bus while transmitting data to the bus, and stop transmitting data and retransmit data opportunistically according to the bus occupation priority when detecting that the transmitted data is inconsistent with the listened data.
Through the above embodiment, in the process of communication of each bus transceiver on the bus, if the transceiver of each bus transceiver can listen to the data transmitted on the bus while transmitting the data, it can detect whether the data transmitted by itself is consistent with the received data, and if not, it indicates that the information of other nodes is being transmitted on the bus, the data transmission is stopped, and the data is retransmitted opportunistically. For a power-down node, when the power-down node transmits a power-down declaration data stream or power-down information (for example, a low-priority control word and a large data length value) through a bus, if the low-priority control word and the large data length value transmitted on the bus are sensed, explicit coded data transmission can be started, the data transmission node is forced to end normal data transmission, and then retransmission power-down event information of the power-down node is started. And for the normal nodes, when data is sent, the data transmission is stopped when the power failure declaration data flow or the power failure information of the power failure node is transmitted on the bus is monitored, and the data is transmitted after the power failure information on the bus is transmitted.
After the transceiver of any bus transceiver on the bus receives the power-down event sent by other bus transceivers, the bus enters a power-down listening mode (i.e. listening to power-down information sent by other power-down transceivers on the bus). When a transceiver of a certain bus transceiver is in a power-down monitoring mode, if the transceiver is in a non-power-down state, after other power-down transceivers on the bus finish sending power-down information, switching from the power-down monitoring mode to a common data communication mode; and if the transceiver is in a power-down state, switching from the power-down monitoring mode to the power-down mode after other power-down transceivers on the bus send power-down information.
It should be noted that the existing bus transceiver can neither detect a power down nor actively declare a power down event at the node where it is located. Therefore, the main node of the bus consisting of the transceiver monitors the working state of the node through bus cycle pulse data transmission and direct access, and if the power failure of any node occurs, the main node cannot receive normal reply, thereby identifying the node failure. Therefore, a bus system formed by the conventional bus transceiver cannot detect that the node is powered down if the node is not directly accessed to the power-down node, and even cannot identify whether the node is disconnected due to power failure or transceiver failure. The power failure arbitration bus transceiver provided by the embodiment of the invention can detect, process, transmit and arbitrate power failure events in real time, a bus system introduced into the bus transceiver can monitor the power failure fault of the arbitration node in time and guide the bus transceiver to enter a power failure abnormal working state, and the bus fault and the electric system fault caused by abnormal power failure of the node in the bus can be solved. In addition, the existing bus transceiver does not have the functions of isolating a power supply system and detecting power failure, and does not have a power failure arbitration protocol and mechanism, when nodes on a bus are powered down, the nodes can only be detected and discovered in a passive mode, and the bus system is difficult to enter a power failure abnormal working state immediately.
Embodiments of the present invention also provide a bus system, which may include any one of the optional or preferred power down arbitration bus transceivers described above.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a bus system provided in an embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 2, a bus of the bus system includes a plurality of nodes, and a bus transceiver of each node may adopt the power down arbitration bus transceiver provided in the embodiment of the present invention.
It should be noted that the bus arbitration mechanism provided in the embodiment of the present invention may also preset one or more groups of codes for a power-down node, where when a node on a bus is powered down, a bus transceiver on the power-down node preferentially occupies a bus channel, sends a power-down declaration data stream through the bus, notifies other nodes on the bus that there is a power-down node on the current bus, and needs to switch to a power-down listening mode, and the bus transceiver on the power-down node listens to data transmitted on the bus while sending data. When a plurality of nodes on a bus are powered down simultaneously, the power down nodes with priority codes occupy bus channels and send power down declaration data streams through the bus, other power down nodes on the bus monitor power down information like normal nodes and mark power down events, and different from the normal nodes, the power down nodes are switched to a power down mode instead of a common data communication mode after monitoring that the power down information of the power down nodes which send the power down information preferentially is sent, and once no data on the bus is monitored, the reporting of the power down events of the power down nodes is started immediately, and the power down declaration data streams of the power down nodes are sent through the bus.
Therefore, the power-down arbitration bus transceiver provided by the embodiment of the invention is applied to a bus system, so that any node on the bus can report the power-down event immediately after power down, which is particularly critical to important applications or safety-related applications.
It should be noted that, the present invention provides a bus transceiver capable of reporting power failure information immediately after power failure through a unidirectional rectifier and a power storage circuit, and a bus arbitration protocol related in the embodiment of the present invention may be specifically set according to practical applications, and is not limited to the arbitration protocol proposed in the embodiment of the present invention.
In summary, the embodiments of the present invention provide a power down arbitration bus transceiver and a bus system, and introduce a new and simple node power down detection and arbitration mechanism, which can quickly detect a power down node and arbitrate the subsequent operating mode of the bus. The power failure arbitration bus transceiver and the bus system provided by the embodiment of the invention can realize the instant active report of the node power failure event, so that the bus system can find and mark the power failure node on the bus in time and arbitrate the bus to enter a power failure abnormal working state.
The above-mentioned embodiments are intended to illustrate the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention in further detail, and it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are only exemplary embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A power down arbitration bus transceiver, comprising: the power failure detection circuit comprises a one-way rectifier, an electric power storage circuit, a power failure detection circuit, a controller and a transceiver;
the positive end of the unidirectional rectifier is connected with an external power supply, and the negative end of the unidirectional rectifier is connected with the electric storage circuit; the power storage circuit is used for supplying power to the power failure detection circuit, the controller and the transceiver under the condition that the external power supply is disconnected;
the controller is respectively communicated with the power failure detection circuit and the transceiver, and is used for generating power failure information according to the power failure trigger signal transmitted by the power failure detection circuit and transmitting the power failure information to a bus through the transceiver.
2. The power down arbitration bus transceiver of claim 1, wherein the power storage circuit comprises: the power storage device is a capacitor or a storage battery.
3. The power down arbitration bus transceiver of claim 1, wherein said power down detection circuit generates and transmits a power down trigger signal to said controller upon detecting a power supply signal below a preset threshold.
4. The power down arbitration bus transceiver of claim 1, wherein said transceiver transmits said power down information to a bus via a high priority bus occupancy data stream.
5. The power down arbitration bus transceiver of claim 4, wherein said transceiver transmits said power down information to a bus via a high priority bus occupancy data stream in a round robin fashion before said power storage circuit is depleted of power.
6. The powered down arbitration bus transceiver of claim 1, wherein said powered down information comprises at least node information of a node at which the powered down transceiver is located.
7. The power down arbitration bus transceiver of claim 1, wherein said transceiver listens for data transmitted on the bus while transmitting data to the bus, and upon detecting that the transmitted data does not match the snooped data, stops transmitting data and opportunistically retransmits data according to bus occupancy priority.
8. The power down arbitration bus transceiver of any of claims 1 to 7, wherein the transceiver's mode of operation comprises at least one of: a normal mode, a power-down interception mode and a common data communication mode;
the normal mode is a mode in which the transceiver and each node of the bus in which the transceiver is located work normally under the condition of no power failure; the power-down mode is a mode that the transceiver sends power-down information to a bus under the condition of power down; the power failure interception mode is a mode that the transceiver intercepts and marks other power failure node transceivers on the bus to send power failure information; the common data communication mode is a mode in which the transceiver of the node without power failure on the bus performs data communication.
9. The power down arbitration bus transceiver of claim 8, wherein when said transceiver is in a power down snoop mode, if said transceiver is not in a power down state, then after other power down transceivers on the bus have sent power down information, switching from the power down snoop mode to a normal data communication mode; and if the transceiver is in a power-down state, switching from the power-down monitoring mode to the power-down mode after other power-down transceivers on the bus send power-down information.
10. A bus system, comprising: the power down arbitration bus transceiver of any one of claims 1 to 9.
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