CN110920089A - 聚乳酸筒状制品制备装置 - Google Patents

聚乳酸筒状制品制备装置 Download PDF

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CN110920089A
CN110920089A CN201911079994.XA CN201911079994A CN110920089A CN 110920089 A CN110920089 A CN 110920089A CN 201911079994 A CN201911079994 A CN 201911079994A CN 110920089 A CN110920089 A CN 110920089A
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polylactic acid
mould
pipe
tubular product
pipe blank
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曾广胜
江太君
尹琛
孟聪
陈一
胡灿
刘水长
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Hunan University of Technology
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Hunan University of Technology
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C69/00—Combinations of shaping techniques not provided for in a single one of main groups B29C39/00 - B29C67/00, e.g. associations of moulding and joining techniques; Apparatus therefore
    • B29C69/001—Combinations of shaping techniques not provided for in a single one of main groups B29C39/00 - B29C67/00, e.g. associations of moulding and joining techniques; Apparatus therefore a shaping technique combined with cutting, e.g. in parts or slices combined with rearranging and joining the cut parts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C44/00—Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles
    • B29C44/02—Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles for articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C44/00—Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles
    • B29C44/34—Auxiliary operations
    • B29C44/35—Component parts; Details or accessories
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/001—Combinations of extrusion moulding with other shaping operations
    • B29C48/0012—Combinations of extrusion moulding with other shaping operations combined with shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. foaming
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/001—Combinations of extrusion moulding with other shaping operations
    • B29C48/0022—Combinations of extrusion moulding with other shaping operations combined with cutting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
    • C08J9/04—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent
    • C08J9/12—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a physical blowing agent
    • C08J9/122—Hydrogen, oxygen, CO2, nitrogen or noble gases
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2022/00—Hollow articles
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2203/00—Foams characterized by the expanding agent
    • C08J2203/06—CO2, N2 or noble gases
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2203/00—Foams characterized by the expanding agent
    • C08J2203/08—Supercritical fluid
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2367/00—Characterised by the use of polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Derivatives of such polymers
    • C08J2367/04—Polyesters derived from hydroxy carboxylic acids, e.g. lactones
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/34—Silicon-containing compounds

Abstract

本发明涉及聚乳酸制品制备技术领域，公开一种聚乳酸筒状制品制备装置，包括塑化聚乳酸混合料的螺杆挤出机和与螺杆挤出机挤出端相接的发泡管材模具，螺杆挤出机中段部具有超临界气体进气口，发泡管材模具另一端连有供发泡管材模具出模物套设的管坯，管坯另一端设有筒状制品定型模，定型模可沿管坯轴线方向移动，管坯末端设有控制管坯上出模物前移并套至定型模上的第一导向牵引压辊，管坯与定型模之间设有在定型模前移远离管坯时落下切断筒状制品的切刀。熔体经由发泡管材模具挤出套设至管坯上并最终被送至定型模处，切刀在定型模脱离筒状制品时切断筒状制品，采用本申请的制备装置可使筒状制品壁厚可控，且成型流程简单，成型效率高。

Description

聚乳酸筒状制品制备装置
技术领域
本发明涉及聚乳酸制品制备技术领域，具体地，涉及一种聚乳酸筒状制品制备装置。
背景技术
聚乳酸是以各类淀粉为主要原料，经过发酵、提纯、化合而成的一种生物基全生物降解材料，因其优良的环保特性广泛应用于生活中的各个方面，且受到越来越多人们的认可。
针对筒状制品如一次性杯子，一般使用传统的石油基塑料制造会造成严重的环境污染，且因用量大而消耗大量的石化资源，在资源日益短缺的环境下迫切需要采用可降解的生物基材料来替代传统的石油基塑料，降低碳排放，实现绿色环保可持续发展。
生物基聚乳酸是一种优异的替代材料，但是聚酸不耐温且密度大。不耐温可以通过添加成核剂促进结晶，提升结晶度来解决，但是其较大的密度直接增加了最终制品的成本。通过注塑成型可以制备出具有发泡结构的杯子，但目前聚乳酸的注塑发泡技术还不成熟，稳定性较差，生产的制品壁厚较大，成本偏高。
发明内容
本发明解决的技术问题在于克服现有技术的缺陷，提供一种稳定性好、制品壁厚小且均匀的聚乳酸筒状制品制备装置。
本发明的目的通过以下技术方案实现：
一种聚乳酸筒状制品制备装置，包括塑化聚乳酸混合料的螺杆挤出机和与螺杆挤出机挤出端相接的发泡管材模具，螺杆挤出机中段部具有超临界气体进气口，发泡管材模具另一端连有供发泡管材模具出模物套设的管坯，管坯另一端设有筒状制品定型模，定型模可沿管坯轴线方向移动，管坯末端设有控制管坯上出模物前移并套至定型模上的第一导向牵引压辊，管坯与定型模之间设有在定型模前移远离管坯时落下切断筒状制品的切刀。
进一步地，定型模外周设有加速筒状制品物料前移至最终成型的第二导向牵引压辊。
进一步地，超临界气体为超临界二氧化碳。
进一步地，聚乳酸混合料的物料配比为：聚乳酸树脂90-99.5%，滑石粉0.5-10%。
更进一步地，聚乳酸混合料的物料配比为：聚乳酸树脂96%，滑石粉4%。
更进一步地，滑石粉目数为8000～28000。
再进一步地，滑石粉目数为20000。
与现有技术相比，本发明具有以下有益效果：
引入超细滑石粉作为成核剂，在螺杆挤出机螺杆的剪切作用下二氧化碳与聚乳酸混合料熔体混合形成均相体系，为最终筒状制品的稳定性提供有利基础，熔体经由发泡管材模具挤出套设至管坯上的聚乳酸发泡管材，发泡管材最终被送至套住定型模，而定型模沿管坯轴线方向移动，切刀可在定型模脱离筒状制品时切断筒状制品，完成筒状制品的定型周期，采用本申请的制备装置可使筒状制品壁厚可控，且成型流程简单，成型效率高。
附图说明
图1为实施例1所述的聚乳酸筒状制品制备装置的结构简图。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施方式对本发明作进一步的说明，其中，附图仅用于示例性说明，表示的仅是示意图，而非实物图，不能理解为对本专利的限制；为了更好地说明本发明的实施例，附图某些部件会有省略、放大或缩小，并不代表实际产品的尺寸；对本领域技术人员来说，附图中某些公知结构及其说明可能省略是可以理解的。
实施例1
如图1所示，一种聚乳酸筒状制品制备装置，包括塑化聚乳酸混合料的螺杆挤出机1和与螺杆挤出机挤出端相接的发泡管材模具2，螺杆挤出机1入料端设有料斗3供聚乳酸混合料放入，螺杆挤出机1中段部具有超临界气体进气口4，通过通入超临界气体使其与聚乳酸混合料熔体混合成均相体系，发泡管材模具2为挤出模头，可对聚乳酸混合料熔体分流、定型和冷却并最终挤出发泡管材，发泡管材模具2另一端连有供发泡管材模具出模物套设的管坯5，管坯5可对出模物结构进行规整，管坯5另一端设有筒状制品定型模6，定型模6可沿管坯5轴线方向来回移动，管坯5末端还设有控制管坯上出模物前移并套至定型模上的第一导向牵引压辊7，管坯5与定型模6之间设有在定型模前移远离管坯时贴合管坯端面落下切断筒状制品的切刀8。
采用本实施例制备装置制备聚乳酸筒状制品的聚乳酸混合料的物料质量配比为：聚乳酸树脂90-99.5%，滑石粉0.5-10%，优选地聚乳酸树脂为96%，滑石粉为4%，其中滑石粉目数为8000～28000，最优选择目数是20000。聚乳酸混合料利用超细滑石粉作为成核剂进行共混改性，在螺杆挤出机的熔融塑化作用下挤出聚乳酸复合料熔体，以超临界气体为发泡剂挤出成型套设在管坯上的空心发泡圆筒。
为进一步加快制备进度，还可在定型模6外周设置加速筒状制品物料前移至最终成型的第二导向牵引压辊9，第二导向牵引压辊可设置多组。
超临界气体为超临界二氧化碳。
本实施例的制备装置可根据用户需求设置对应结构的定型模，例如制作一次性水杯，则可将定型模设计为锥形，在锥形的筒状制品被切刀切下后，再采用市售或加工的聚乳酸发泡片材裁切成杯底，配合夹具采用高周波将杯底与锥形杯身粘合即可。
采用本申请的制备装置可使筒状制品壁厚可控，且成型流程简单，成型效率高。
显然，上述实施例仅仅是为清楚地说明本发明的技术方案所作的举例，而并非是对本发明的实施方式的限定。对于所属领域的普通技术人员来说，在上述说明的基础上还可以做出其它不同形式的变化或变动。这里无需也无法对所有的实施方式予以穷举。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等，均应包含在本发明权利要求的保护范围之内。

Claims (7)

1.一种聚乳酸筒状制品制备装置，其特征在于，包括塑化聚乳酸混合料的螺杆挤出机和与螺杆挤出机挤出端相接的发泡管材模具，螺杆挤出机中段部具有超临界气体进气口，发泡管材模具另一端连有供发泡管材模具出模物套设的管坯，管坯另一端设有筒状制品定型模，定型模可沿管坯轴线方向移动，管坯末端设有控制管坯上出模物前移并套至定型模上的第一导向牵引压辊，管坯与定型模之间设有在定型模前移远离管坯时落下切断筒状制品的切刀。
2.根据权利要求1所述的聚乳酸筒状制品制备装置，其特征在于，定型模外周设有加速筒状制品物料前移至最终成型的第二导向牵引压辊。
3.根据权利要求1所述的聚乳酸筒状制品制备装置，其特征在于，超临界气体为超临界二氧化碳。
4.根据权利要求1所述的聚乳酸筒状制品制备装置，其特征在于，聚乳酸混合料的物料配比为：聚乳酸树脂90-99.5%，滑石粉0.5-10%。
5.根据权利要求4所述的聚乳酸筒状制品制备装置，其特征在于，聚乳酸混合料的物料配比为：聚乳酸树脂96%，滑石粉4%。
6.根据权利要求4或5所述的聚乳酸筒状制品制备装置，其特征在于，滑石粉目数为8000～28000。
7.根据权利要求6所述的聚乳酸筒状制品制备装置，其特征在于，滑石粉目数为20000。
CN201911079994.XA 2019-11-07 2019-11-07 聚乳酸筒状制品制备装置 Pending CN110920089A (zh)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114986836A (zh) * 2022-06-20 2022-09-02 台州玉米环保科技有限公司 一种耐温pla吸管及其制备方法

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN201132378Y (zh) * 2007-06-28 2008-10-15 深圳市奔迪包装有限公司 挤出法制备发泡烯烃聚合物制品的装置
CN105235170A (zh) * 2015-10-27 2016-01-13 北京普利玛科技有限责任公司 一种用于制备聚乳酸微孔板材的生产装置
CN109955493A (zh) * 2019-01-30 2019-07-02 郑州大学 一种超临界流体挤出吹塑发泡成型装置及工艺

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN201132378Y (zh) * 2007-06-28 2008-10-15 深圳市奔迪包装有限公司 挤出法制备发泡烯烃聚合物制品的装置
CN105235170A (zh) * 2015-10-27 2016-01-13 北京普利玛科技有限责任公司 一种用于制备聚乳酸微孔板材的生产装置
CN109955493A (zh) * 2019-01-30 2019-07-02 郑州大学 一种超临界流体挤出吹塑发泡成型装置及工艺

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114986836A (zh) * 2022-06-20 2022-09-02 台州玉米环保科技有限公司 一种耐温pla吸管及其制备方法

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