CN110918049A - 一种甲烷吸附硅胶的制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明提供一种甲烷吸附硅胶的制备方法,通过改变硅胶的物理、化学性质以及比表面积,来改变硅胶对甲烷的吸附量,其解决了现有的吸附类硅胶产品对甲烷的吸附量有限,无法有效吸附甲烷气体的技术问题。本发明可广泛应用于甲烷吸附装置。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种吸附硅胶的制备方法,特别是涉及一种甲烷吸附硅胶的制备方法。
背景技术
环境保护是我国的基本国策,国家对环境保护越来越重视,要求所有生活垃圾、施工垃圾都进行了填埋处理,垃圾在填埋过程中,会产生甲烷气体,如果不进行有效处理,不仅污染环境还造成资源浪费。现有的吸附类硅胶产品对甲烷的吸附量有限,无法有效吸附甲烷气体。
发明内容
本发明针对现有的吸附类硅胶产品对甲烷的吸附量有限,无法有效吸附甲烷气体的技术问题,提供一种能够高效吸附甲烷气体,有效保护环境,减少资源浪费的甲烷吸附硅胶的制备方法。
为此,本发明的技术方案是,一种甲烷吸附硅胶的制备方法,通过改变硅胶物理、化学性质以及比表面积,来改变硅胶对甲烷的吸附量,具体步骤如下:
(1)将硅酸钠溶液与稀硫酸溶液,经强化混合,中和反应而生成水凝胶;
(2)老化水中加入降低老化水PH值的无机物,水凝胶进行老化;
(3)对老化后的凝胶进行一次水洗,一次水洗终点至含酸量比不添加所述无机物老化后,一次水洗终点含酸量降低一半;
(4)进行二次水洗,二次水洗终点至含酸量比不添加所述无机物老化后,二次水洗终点含酸量提高三分之一;
(5)对水凝胶进行一次干燥和二次干燥。
优选的,制备方法的具体操作为:
(1)将硅酸钠溶液与稀硫酸溶液,经强化混合,中和反应而生成水凝胶;
(2)老化水中加入降低老化水PH值的无机物,水凝胶进行老化,老化时间2—3分钟;
(3)经老化后的水凝胶进入4—6%的硫酸溶液中处理8—10h;
(4)对酸处理后的凝胶进行一次水洗,水洗温度30—45℃,一次水洗终点含酸量比不添加无机物老化后,一次水洗终点含酸量降低一半;
(5)一次水洗完成后,再加入2.5%的硫酸溶液二次处理8—10h;
(6)进行二次水洗,水洗温度30—45℃,二次水洗终点含酸量比不添加无机物老化后二次水洗含酸量提高三分之一;
(7)对水凝胶进行干燥,先在烘干隧道进行一次干燥,干燥温度80—130℃,时间是24h,然后在流化床内进行二次干燥,干燥温度130—150℃,时间是30分钟。
优选的,无机物为盐酸、硝酸或冰醋酸。
本发明有益效果如下:
(1)通过老化水中加无机物,可使PH达到1.5—2,老化时间2—3分钟,缩短了硅胶老化时间,从而改变了硅胶的物理性质:抗压强度增大,磨耗率降低,再通过调整两次的水洗终点含酸量,改变了硅胶的化学性质:孔径可由平均2.5nm降低到1.25nm、比表面积增大,由703m2/g增大到860m2/g,对甲烷的吸附性能由7.2ml/g提高到18ml/g,使硅胶内部微孔骨架结构更稳固、更均匀;
(2)通过改变水洗终点含酸量,第一次水洗终点含酸量低了,水洗时间长了,硅胶微孔内的盐类相对洗干净了,但最终含酸量不能降低,所以二次水洗终点提高,这样使硅胶内部微孔全部展开,进一步提高硅胶的比表面积,使其比表面积达到860m2/g,使得硅胶对甲烷的吸附量大大提高,可达到18.0ml/g。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明做进一步描述。
一种甲烷吸附硅胶的制备方法,通过改变硅胶物理、化学性质以及比表面积,来改变硅胶对甲烷的吸附量,具体步骤如下:
(1)将硅酸钠溶液与稀硫酸溶液,经强化混合,中和反应而生成水凝胶;
(2)老化水中加入降低老化水PH值的无机物,无机物为盐酸、硝酸、冰醋酸的任意一种均可,水凝胶进行老化,老化时间2—3分钟;
(3)经老化后的水凝胶进入4—6%的硫酸溶液中酸处理8—10h;
(4)对酸处理后的凝胶进行一次水洗,水洗温度30—45℃,一次水洗终点含酸量由不添加无机物老化的0.06%降低至0.03%;
(5)一次水洗完成后,再加入2.5%的硫酸溶液二次处理8—10h;
(6)进行二次水洗,水洗温度30—45℃,二次水洗终点含酸量比不添加无机物老化后二次水洗终点含酸量提高三分之一,不添加无机物老化后二次水洗终点含酸量为0.015%,添加无机物老化后二次水洗终点含酸量为0.020%;
(7)对水凝胶进行干燥,先在烘干隧道进行一次干燥,干燥温度80—130℃,时间是24h,然后在流化床内进行二次烘干,烘干温度130—150℃,时间是30分钟。
实施例1
制胶后老化水中不添加无机物,老化后进行水洗,一次水洗终点含酸量达到0.06%,进行二次水洗,二次水洗终点含酸量达到0.015%,可以实现硅胶比表面积703m2/g,甲烷气体吸附量达到7.2ml/g。
实施例2
制胶后老化水中添加PH2的盐酸、硝酸、冰醋酸的任意一种进行老化,老化时间3分钟,老化后进行水洗,一次水洗终点含酸量达到0.04%,进行二次水洗,二次水洗终点含酸量达到0.018%,可以实现硅胶比表面积780m2/g,甲烷气体吸附量达到13.5ml/g。
实施例3
制胶后老化水中添加PH1.5的盐酸、硝酸、冰醋酸的任意一种进行老化,老化时间2分钟,老化后进行水洗,一次水洗终点含酸量达到0.03%,进行二次水洗,二次水洗终点含酸量达到0.020%,可以实现硅胶比表面积860m2/g,甲烷气体吸附量达到18.0ml/g。
通过以上三个实施例可见,通过在制胶老化水中加入降低PH值的无机物,可以实现改变硅胶物理。化学性质,使硅胶内部结构更稳固、更均匀,再结合改变两次水洗终点含酸量,使硅胶内部微孔全部展开,提高硅胶比表面积,进而提升甲烷吸附量。
惟以上所述者,仅为本发明的具体实施例而已,当不能以此限定本发明实施的范围,故其等同组件的置换,或依本发明专利保护范围所作的等同变化与修改,皆应仍属本发明权利要求书涵盖之范畴。
Claims (3)
1.一种甲烷吸附硅胶的制备方法,其特征是,通过改变硅胶物理、化学性质以及比表面积,来改变硅胶对甲烷的吸附量,具体步骤如下:
(1)将硅酸钠溶液与稀硫酸溶液,经强化混合,中和反应而生成水凝胶;
(2)老化水中加入降低老化水PH值的无机物,水凝胶进行老化;
(3)对老化后的凝胶进行一次水洗,一次水洗终点至含酸量比不添加所述无机物老化后,一次水洗终点含酸量降低一半;
(4)进行二次水洗,二次水洗终点至含酸量比不添加所述无机物老化后,二次水洗终点含酸量提高三分之一;
(5)对水凝胶进行一次干燥和二次干燥。
2.根据权利要求1所述的甲烷吸附硅胶的制备方法,其特征在于,所述制备方法具体操作为:
(1)将硅酸钠溶液与稀硫酸溶液,经强化混合,中和反应而生成水凝胶;
(2)老化水中加入降低老化水PH值的无机物,水凝胶进行老化,老化时间2—3分钟;
(3)经老化后的水凝胶进入4—6%的硫酸溶液中处理8—10h;
(4)对酸处理后的凝胶进行一次水洗,水洗温度30—45℃,一次水洗终点含酸量比不添加无机物老化后,一次水洗终点含酸量降低一半;
(5)一次水洗完成后,再加入2.5%的硫酸溶液二次处理8—10h;
(6)进行二次水洗,水洗温度30—45℃,二次水洗终点含酸量比不添加无机物老化后二次水洗含酸量提高三分之一;
(7)对水凝胶进行干燥,先在烘干隧道进行一次干燥,干燥温度80—130℃,时间是24h,然后在流化床内进行二次干燥,干燥温度130—150℃,时间是30分钟。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的甲烷吸附硅胶的制备方法,其特征在于,所述无机物为盐酸、硝酸或冰醋酸。
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Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US4382070A (en) * | 1979-07-09 | 1983-05-03 | Ivan Novak | Process for producing xerogel of silicic acid with high volume of pores |
CN101053819A (zh) * | 2007-02-09 | 2007-10-17 | 孙月竹 | 变压吸附用硅胶的生产方法 |
CN104525099A (zh) * | 2014-12-19 | 2015-04-22 | 青岛美高集团有限公司 | 一种具有高吸附性能的硅胶及其制备方法和用途 |
CN106241820A (zh) * | 2016-08-12 | 2016-12-21 | 乳山市大洋硅胶厂 | 一种气凝胶原料及其制备方法 |
CN106276926A (zh) * | 2016-08-12 | 2017-01-04 | 乳山市大洋硅胶厂 | 改性变压吸附硅胶的生产方法 |
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Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4382070A (en) * | 1979-07-09 | 1983-05-03 | Ivan Novak | Process for producing xerogel of silicic acid with high volume of pores |
CN101053819A (zh) * | 2007-02-09 | 2007-10-17 | 孙月竹 | 变压吸附用硅胶的生产方法 |
CN104525099A (zh) * | 2014-12-19 | 2015-04-22 | 青岛美高集团有限公司 | 一种具有高吸附性能的硅胶及其制备方法和用途 |
CN106241820A (zh) * | 2016-08-12 | 2016-12-21 | 乳山市大洋硅胶厂 | 一种气凝胶原料及其制备方法 |
CN106276926A (zh) * | 2016-08-12 | 2017-01-04 | 乳山市大洋硅胶厂 | 改性变压吸附硅胶的生产方法 |
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