CN110914607B - Refrigeration cycle device - Google Patents
Refrigeration cycle device Download PDFInfo
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- CN110914607B CN110914607B CN201780090746.8A CN201780090746A CN110914607B CN 110914607 B CN110914607 B CN 110914607B CN 201780090746 A CN201780090746 A CN 201780090746A CN 110914607 B CN110914607 B CN 110914607B
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- oil
- refrigeration cycle
- oil return
- circuit
- return circuit
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B1/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with non-reversible cycle
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B1/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with non-reversible cycle
- F25B1/04—Compression machines, plants or systems with non-reversible cycle with compressor of rotary type
Abstract
A scroll compressor constituting a refrigeration cycle device is provided with a displacement pump which supplies oil in an oil reservoir at the bottom of a container to a sliding portion of a rotating shaft via an in-shaft flow path formed in the rotating shaft. The refrigeration cycle apparatus further includes an oil return circuit for returning the oil separated in the oil separator to the scroll compressor, wherein the downstream side of the oil return circuit is branched into two, an outlet of one first oil return circuit communicates with the displacement pump, and an outlet of the other second oil return circuit communicates with the injection circuit.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to a refrigeration cycle apparatus including a scroll compressor.
Background
A scroll compressor constituting a refrigeration cycle device includes, in a container, a compression mechanism for compressing a refrigerant in a compression chamber formed by combining a fixed scroll and an oscillating scroll, an electric mechanism, and a rotary shaft for transmitting a rotational force of the electric mechanism to the compression mechanism. In such a scroll compressor, oil is mixed into refrigerant in order to lubricate a sliding portion such as a bearing of a rotary shaft or seal an appropriate position of a compression mechanism, and the refrigerant mixed with the oil is circulated in a pipe of a refrigeration cycle apparatus.
During operation of the scroll compressor, the oil flows out to the outside of the scroll compressor together with the refrigerant. Therefore, in the refrigeration cycle apparatus, an oil separator is provided downstream of the scroll compressor, and the oil separated in the oil separator is returned to an oil reservoir at the bottom of the tank of the scroll compressor via an oil return circuit (see, for example, patent document 1).
In addition, under operating conditions requiring a high compression ratio, such as a cold region, the discharge temperature of the refrigerant discharged from the scroll compressor tends to increase. Therefore, in patent document 1, an injection pipe is connected from the outside of the scroll compressor container, and the liquid refrigerant is injected into the compression mechanism through the injection pipe, thereby reducing the discharge temperature.
In the scroll compressor that performs such injection, since the liquid refrigerant is injected into the compression mechanism, oil in the compression mechanism is diluted with the liquid refrigerant, and the sealing performance of the compression mechanism may be deteriorated. In contrast, in patent document 1, an oil return circuit for returning oil separated in an oil separator to a scroll compressor is branched into two, one of which returns the oil to an oil reservoir as described above, and the other of which supplies the oil to an injection pipe, mixes the oil with a liquid refrigerant in the injection pipe, and supplies the oil to a compression mechanism. By supplying the oil to the compression mechanism in this way, the sealability of the compression mechanism is improved.
Prior art documents
Patent document
Patent document 1: japanese laid-open patent publication No. 6-229634
Disclosure of Invention
Problems to be solved by the invention
In patent document 1, as described above, the oil separated in the oil separator is returned to the oil reservoir and the compression mechanism separately, but the oil returned to the compression mechanism is likely to flow out again to the outside of the scroll compressor together with the refrigerant compressed by the compression mechanism. Therefore, the amount of oil flowing out of the compression mechanism increases and the oil in the oil reservoir runs out particularly at high-speed operation, and therefore there is a problem as follows: the oil supply to the sliding part such as the bearing is insufficient, and the reliability of the scroll compressor is lowered.
The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and an object thereof is to provide a refrigeration cycle apparatus capable of suppressing oil outflow to the outside of a compressor during high-speed operation.
Means for solving the problems
The refrigeration cycle device of the present invention includes: a main circuit including a scroll compressor, a condenser, a pressure reducing device, and an evaporator, and through which a refrigerant containing oil circulates; an injection circuit branched from between the condenser and the pressure reducing device and connected to the scroll compressor; an oil separator provided in the main circuit and separating oil from the refrigerant discharged from the scroll compressor; and an oil return circuit that returns oil separated in the oil separator to the scroll compressor, the scroll compressor including: a container, the bottom of which is an oil reservoir; an electric mechanism housed in the container; a compression mechanism that is housed in the container and compresses a refrigerant in a compression chamber formed by combining the orbiting scroll and the fixed scroll; a rotating shaft that connects the electric mechanism and the compression mechanism and transmits a rotational force of the electric mechanism to the compression mechanism; and a displacement pump for supplying the oil in the oil reservoir to a sliding portion of the rotary shaft via an in-shaft flow path formed in the rotary shaft, wherein the downstream side of the oil return circuit is branched into two, an outlet of one first oil return circuit communicates with the displacement pump, and an outlet of the other second oil return circuit communicates with the injection circuit.
Effects of the invention
According to the present invention, the following structure is provided: the oil separated in the oil separator is returned to the scroll compressor and is branched into two at the downstream side of an oil return circuit, the outlet of one first oil return circuit is communicated with the displacement pump, and the outlet of the other second oil return circuit is communicated with the injection circuit. By configuring the first oil return circuit so that the oil separated in the oil separator is directly returned to the displacement pump instead of the oil reservoir as described above, the amount of oil returned from the oil separator to the in-shaft flow passage of the rotary shaft via the first oil return circuit can be relatively increased during high-speed operation as compared to during low-speed operation. As a result, oil outflow to the outside of the compressor during high-speed operation can be suppressed.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view of the overall configuration of a scroll compressor constituting a refrigeration cycle apparatus according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a refrigerant circuit diagram of the refrigeration cycle apparatus according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic vertical cross-sectional view of the overall configuration of a scroll compressor constituting a refrigeration cycle apparatus according to embodiment 2 of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a horizontal schematic sectional view of the compression mechanism of fig. 3.
Fig. 5 is a schematic vertical cross-sectional view of the overall configuration of a scroll compressor constituting a refrigeration cycle apparatus according to embodiment 3 of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a filter element as an example of a baffle member of a scroll compressor constituting a refrigeration cycle apparatus according to embodiment 3 of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic view of an orifice serving as an example of a baffle member of a scroll compressor constituting a refrigeration cycle apparatus according to embodiment 3 of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a schematic vertical cross-sectional view of the entire configuration of a modification of the scroll compressor constituting the refrigeration cycle apparatus according to embodiment 3 of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a schematic vertical cross-sectional view of the overall configuration of a scroll compressor constituting a refrigeration cycle apparatus according to embodiment 4 of the present invention.
Fig. 10 is a schematic vertical cross-sectional view of the overall configuration of a scroll compressor constituting a refrigeration cycle apparatus according to embodiment 5 of the present invention.
Fig. 11 is a schematic vertical cross-sectional view of the overall configuration of a scroll compressor constituting a refrigeration cycle apparatus according to embodiment 6 of the present invention.
Fig. 12 is a schematic vertical cross-sectional view of the entire configuration of a modification of the scroll compressor constituting the refrigeration cycle apparatus according to embodiment 6 of the present invention.
Fig. 13 is a schematic vertical cross-sectional view of the overall configuration of a scroll compressor constituting a refrigeration cycle apparatus according to embodiment 7 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
A refrigeration cycle apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. In the drawings, including fig. 1, the same or corresponding portions are denoted by the same reference numerals and are used in common throughout the embodiments described below. The embodiments of the constituent elements appearing throughout the specification are merely examples, and are not limited to the embodiments described in the specification. The pressure and the compression ratio are not particularly specified in relation to absolute values, but are relatively specified in states, operations, and the like of the system, the device, and the like.
Fig. 1 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view of the overall configuration of a scroll compressor constituting a refrigeration cycle apparatus according to embodiment 1 of the present invention. In fig. 1, arrows show the flow of refrigerant and oil. This is also true in the later-described figures.
The scroll compressor 100 includes the compression mechanism 3, the electric mechanism 110, and other components. The scroll compressor 100 has a structure in which these components are housed inside a container 100a constituting an outer contour. The compression mechanism 3 and the electric mechanism 110 are coupled via the rotary shaft 6, and the rotational force generated by the electric mechanism 110 is transmitted to the compression mechanism 3 via the rotary shaft 6, and the refrigerant is compressed in the compression mechanism 3 by the rotational force.
The container 100a is provided with a suction pipe 101 for sucking the refrigerant, a discharge pipe 102 for discharging the refrigerant, and an injection pipe 103 for sucking an injection refrigerant described later into the compression mechanism 3. The injection pipe 103 is used for introducing the refrigerant into the compression mechanism 3 in the container 100a separately from the suction pipe 101. The injection pipe 103 is connected to an injection port 7a formed in a frame 7 described later.
Inside the container 100a, a frame 7 and a sub-frame 9 for fixing the compression mechanism 3 to the container 100a are disposed. The frame 7 is disposed above the electric mechanism 110 and below the compression mechanism 3, and is fixed to the inner peripheral surface of the container 100a by shrink fitting, welding, or the like. The frame 7 is provided with a communication passage 7c for guiding the refrigerant flowing in from the suction pipe 101 into the compression mechanism 3.
The sub-frame 9 is disposed below the electric mechanism 110, and is fixed to the inner peripheral surface of the container 100a by shrink fitting, welding, or the like via a sub-frame plate 9 a. A positive displacement pump 111 is mounted below the sub-frame 9 so as to axially support the rotary shaft 6 at an upper end surface.
The rotating shaft 6 is provided with an in-shaft flow path 6 d. The in-shaft flow path 6d has an oil hole 6da extending in the axial direction at the center of the rotary shaft 6 and a plurality of oil supply holes 6db communicating with the oil hole 6da and extending in the radial direction. The oil supply hole 6db is formed at a position facing each of the rocking bearing 2c, the main bearing 7b, and the sub-bearing 10, and supplies oil supplied from the positive displacement pump 111 to each of the bearings as a sliding portion of the rotary shaft 6. The oil supplied to the rocking bearing 2c and the like is returned from the bearing working space 73 described later to the oil reservoir 100b through the return oil pipe 113.
One end of the suction pipe 111a is connected to the displacement pump 111, and the other end of the suction pipe 111a is immersed in the oil reservoir 100b, and sucks the oil in the oil reservoir 100b and supplies the oil to the in-shaft flow path 6d of the rotary shaft 6.
The compression mechanism 3 has a fixed scroll 1 and an oscillating scroll 2. The fixed scroll 1 is fixedly disposed with respect to the frame 7. The orbiting scroll 2 is disposed below the fixed scroll 1, and is supported to be swingable by an eccentric shaft portion 6a, described later, of the rotary shaft 6.
The fixed scroll 1 includes a fixed platen 1a and a fixed scroll 1b provided upright on one surface of the fixed platen 1 a. The oscillating scroll 2 includes an oscillating base plate 2a and an oscillating scroll 2b provided upright on one surface of the oscillating base plate 2 a. The fixed scroll 1 and the oscillating scroll 2 are disposed in the container 100a in a symmetrical scroll shape in which the fixed scroll 1b and the oscillating scroll 2b are meshed with each other in opposite phases with respect to the rotation center of the rotation shaft 6. A compression chamber 8 whose volume decreases from the radially outer side toward the radially inner side as the rotating shaft 6 rotates is formed between the fixed scroll 1b and the orbiting scroll 2 b. Hereinafter, in the compression mechanism 3 including the orbiting scroll 2 and the fixed scroll 1, a symmetric scroll-shaped structural portion in which the orbiting scroll 2b and the fixed scroll 1b are combined is referred to as a scroll portion 3 a.
A discharge port 1c communicating with the compression chamber 8 is formed through the fixed platen 1a of the fixed scroll 1, and a discharge valve 11 is provided at the discharge port 1 c. A discharge muffler 12 is attached so as to cover the discharge port 1 c.
A cylindrical boss portion 2d is formed substantially at the center of a surface (hereinafter referred to as a back surface) of the oscillating platen 2a of the oscillating scroll 2 opposite to the surface on which the oscillating scroll 2b is formed. A rocking bearing 2c is disposed inside the boss portion 2d, and an eccentric shaft portion 6a formed at the upper end of the rotating shaft 6 is fitted inside the rocking bearing 2 c.
The rotary shaft 6 includes an eccentric shaft portion 6a and a main shaft portion 6b on the upper portion of the rotary shaft 6, and an auxiliary shaft portion 6c on the lower portion of the rotary shaft 6. The eccentric shaft portion 6a is rotatably fitted to the boss portion 2d of the orbiting scroll 2 via the orbiting bearing 2c, and slides with respect to the orbiting bearing 2c via an oil film formed of oil. The rocking bearing 2c is fixed in the boss portion 2d by press-fitting or the like of a bearing material such as copper-lead alloy used for the sliding bearing. Then, the orbiting scroll 2 is made to perform an orbiting motion by the rotation of the rotary shaft 6. The main shaft portion 6b is rotatably fitted to a main bearing 7b provided in the frame 7, and slides with respect to the main bearing 7b via an oil film formed of oil. The main bearing 7b is fixed to the frame 7 by press fitting or the like of a bearing material such as copper-lead alloy used for the sliding bearing.
The sub-frame 9 includes a sub-bearing 10 formed of a ball bearing at a central portion thereof, and supports the rotary shaft 6 in a radial direction below the electric mechanism 110. The sub-bearing 10 may have a bearing structure other than a ball bearing. The auxiliary shaft portion 6c of the rotary shaft 6 is fitted in the auxiliary bearing 10 and slides with respect to the auxiliary bearing 10. The axial centers of the main shaft portion 6b and the auxiliary shaft portion 6c coincide with the axial center of the rotary shaft 6.
Here, the space inside the container 100a is defined in the following manner. A space formed by an inner wall of a recess formed in the upper surface of the frame 7 and the outermost circumferential surface of a structural portion in which the orbiting scroll 2b of the compression mechanism 3 and the fixed scroll 1b are meshed, in the internal space of the container 100a, is referred to as a scroll installation space 70. A space below the frame 7 in the internal space of the container 100a is referred to as a casing suction space 71. The casing suction space 71 is a low-pressure space filled with the suction refrigerant flowing in from the suction pipe 101. Further, a space on the discharge pipe 102 side of the fixed platen 1a of the compression mechanism 3 in the internal space of the container 100a is referred to as a casing discharge space 72. Further, a space formed in the frame 7 for accommodating the rocking bearing 2c and for allowing the rocking bearing 2c to perform a rotating operation, of the internal space of the container 100a, is referred to as a bearing operating space 73. A space between the upper end of the rotary shaft 6 and the oscillating platen 2a of the oscillating scroll 2 and inside the boss portion 2d is referred to as a boss portion internal space 74.
The electric mechanism 110 has a motor stator 110a and a motor rotor 110 b. To receive electric power from the outside, the motor stator 110a is connected to a glass terminal, not shown, which is present between the frame 7 and the motor stator 110a, by a lead wire, not shown. Further, the motor rotor 110b is fixed to the rotary shaft 6 by shrink fitting or the like. In order to balance the entire rotation system of the scroll compressor 100, a first balance weight 60 is fixed to the rotation shaft 6, and a second balance weight 61 is fixed to the motor rotor 110 b.
The oil flows into the scroll compressor 100 configured as described above from the suction pipe 101 together with the refrigerant. Oil is used for the purpose of improving the lubricity of the sliding portion and a sealing function for suppressing the gap leakage of the compression chamber 8. Further, an oil separator 202 is disposed downstream of the scroll compressor 100, and the oil separator 202 separates oil from the refrigerant discharged from the scroll compressor 100. A refrigeration cycle apparatus 300 including the scroll compressor 100 and the oil separator 202 will be described below.
Fig. 2 is a refrigerant circuit diagram of the refrigeration cycle apparatus according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.
The refrigeration cycle apparatus 300 includes a main circuit 300a in which the scroll compressor 100, the oil separator 202, the condenser 301, the pressure reducing device 302 including an expansion valve, a capillary tube, or the like, and the evaporator 303 are connected in this order by refrigerant pipes to circulate a refrigerant.
The refrigeration cycle apparatus 300 further includes an injection circuit 305, and the injection circuit 305 is separated from between the condenser 301 and the decompression device 302 and connected to the injection pipe 103 of the scroll compressor 100. The injection circuit 305 is provided with an expansion valve 304 as a flow rate adjustment valve, and the flow rate of injection can be adjusted. The oil separator 202 is connected to the discharge tube 102 of the scroll compressor 100 by a circuit 201. The opening degree of the decompressor 302, the opening degree of the expansion valve 304, and the rotation speed of the scroll compressor 100 are controlled by a control device, not shown.
Further, the refrigeration cycle apparatus 300 may be further provided with a four-way valve, not shown, to switch the flow direction of the refrigerant to the opposite direction. In this case, if the condenser 301 provided on the downstream side of the scroll compressor 100 is set to the indoor side and the evaporator 303 is set to the outdoor side, the heating operation is performed, and if the condenser 301 is set to the outdoor side and the evaporator 303 is set to the indoor side, the cooling operation is performed.
Further, embodiment 1 is characterized by the following configuration: the oil in the oil separator 202 is returned to the downstream of the oil return circuit 206 of the scroll compressor 100, and the outlet of one oil return circuit 204 is directly communicated with the displacement pump 111, not directly communicated with the oil reservoir 100b at the bottom of the container 100 a. The outlet of the other oil return circuit 205 is configured to communicate with the injection circuit 305. Further, the oil returned from the oil return circuit 204 mainly lubricates bearings, and the oil returned from the oil return circuit 205 improves the sealing performance of the compression mechanism 3. Here, the oil return circuit 204 corresponds to a first oil return circuit of the present invention, and the oil return circuit 205 corresponds to a second oil return circuit of the present invention.
When the rotation speed of the rotary shaft 6 increases, the amount of oil sucked into the pump from the oil return circuit 204 and discharged to the in-shaft flow path 6d by the displacement pump 111 increases. In addition, the amount of oil sucked into the pump from the suction pipe 111a also increases. Therefore, during high-speed operation, the amount of oil returned from the oil separator 202 to the in-shaft flow path 6d via the oil return circuit 204 can be relatively increased as compared to during low-speed operation. Therefore, during high-speed operation, oil is actively returned to the in-axis flow path 6d, and the amount of oil returned from the injection circuit 305 to the compression mechanism 3 is suppressed. As a result, the outflow of oil from the compression mechanism 3 to the outside of the compressor can be suppressed.
Further, during low speed operation, the oil is positively supplied from the oil separator 202 to the injection circuit 305, whereby the sealing performance of the compression mechanism 3 can be improved.
Here, as a specific configuration of the oil return circuit 206, a pipe constituting the oil return circuit 204 extends upstream of a branch point between the oil return circuit 204 and the oil return circuit 205, and is connected to the bottom of the oil separator 202. Further, the following structure is provided: the downstream end of the pipe constituting the oil return circuit 204 penetrates the container 100a and is connected to the suction port of the displacement pump 111. As a specific configuration of the oil return circuit 205, the following configuration is adopted: the upstream end of the pipe constituting the oil return circuit 205 is connected to the pipe of the oil return circuit 204, and the downstream end is connected to the pipe of the injection circuit 305.
In the displacement pump 111, the following configuration is possible in order to introduce oil into the displacement pump 111 from a plurality of supply sources having different introduction pressures, such as the suction pipe 111a and the oil return circuit 204. That is, for example, a pump chamber (not shown) in the displacement pump 111 is first connected to the low-pressure suction pipe 111a, and the volume is expanded as the pump chamber rotates to suck oil from the suction pipe 111a, and then the connection with the suction pipe 111a is closed. Next, the pump chamber (not shown) is connected to the pipe of the high-pressure oil return circuit 204, the capacity is further increased, the oil in the oil return circuit 204 is sucked, and then the connection to the pipe of the oil return circuit 204 is closed. Then, the pump chamber (not shown) is connected to the in-shaft flow path 6d, and the volume thereof is reduced to discharge the sucked oil to the in-shaft flow path 6d, and the connection with the in-shaft flow path 6d is closed to return to the first stage. The displacement pump 111 can be a displacement pump having a structure that operates in this manner.
Next, the flow of the refrigerant will be described.
In the main circuit 300a, the refrigerant discharged from the scroll compressor 100 flows into the oil separator 202. In the oil separator 202, the refrigerant and oil mixed in the refrigerant are separated, and the separated refrigerant is cooled in the condenser 301. The refrigerant cooled in the condenser 301 is decompressed by the decompression device 302, and then heated in the evaporator 303 to become a refrigerant gas. The refrigerant gas flowing out of the evaporator 303 is returned to the scroll compressor 100. The refrigerant returned to the scroll compressor 100 flows into the container 100a through the suction pipe 101.
The low-pressure refrigerant flowing into the casing suction space 71 in the container 100a from the suction pipe 101 passes through the communication flow path 7c formed in the frame 7 and flows into the scroll disposing space 70. The refrigerant flowing into the scroll space 70 is mixed with the refrigerant flowing from the injection pipe 103 through the injection port 7 a. Then, the mixed refrigerant is sucked into the compression chamber 8 as the fixed scroll 1b of the fixed scroll 1 and the orbiting scroll 2b of the orbiting scroll 2 oscillate relative to each other. The refrigerant sucked in is increased in pressure from a low pressure to a high pressure by a geometric volume change of the compression chamber 8 accompanying the operation of the orbiting scroll 2.
When the pressure of the refrigerant in the compression chamber 8 becomes higher than the pressure in the casing discharge space 72, the discharge valve 11 opens, and the refrigerant is discharged from the discharge port 1c provided in the fixed scroll 1 into the casing discharge space 72. Thereafter, the discharged refrigerant is discharged as a high-pressure refrigerant from the discharge pipe 102 to the circuit 201 outside the compressor via the casing discharge space 72. The refrigerant in the circuit 201 discharged from the scroll compressor flows into the oil separator 202, separates oil contained in the refrigerant, and then flows out to the circuit 203 flowing to the condenser 301.
A part of the refrigerant cooled in the condenser 301 flows into the injection circuit 305, and flows into the injection pipe 103 of the scroll compressor 100 via the expansion valve 304. The liquid or two-phase injection refrigerant flowing into the injection pipe 103 passes through the scroll space 70 and flows into the suction chamber in the compression mechanism 3.
Next, the flow of oil is described.
The oil flowing out of the scroll compressor 100 is separated in the oil separator 202, and is supplied to the scroll compressor 100 through the oil return circuit 206. In the oil return circuit 206, the oil return circuit 204 is connected to the suction port of the displacement pump 111. Therefore, the oil accumulated in the oil separator 202 is supplied from the suction port of the displacement pump 111 to the in-shaft flow path 6d of the rotary shaft 6. Then, the oil supplied to the in-shaft flow path 6d is supplied to sliding portions such as the rocking bearing 2c, the main bearing 7b, and the sub bearing 10.
Part of the oil supplied to the sliding portion is supplied to the bearing work space 73 provided on the downstream side of the rocking bearing 2c and the main bearing 7 b. Then, the oil supplied to the bearing working space 73 passes through the return pipe 113 and is stored in the oil reservoir 100b of the container 100 a. By operating the displacement pump 111 by the rotation of the rotary shaft 6, a part of the oil stored in the oil reservoir 100b is sucked from the suction pipe 111a and supplied to the sliding portion again. Further, a part of the oil stored in the oil reservoir 100b is swirled up by the flow of the refrigerant flowing in from the suction pipe 101, passes through the communication flow passage 7c, flows into the compression mechanism 3, and then flows out of the scroll compressor 100.
Further, the downstream side of the oil return circuit 205 is connected to the injection circuit 305. Therefore, the oil accumulated in the oil separator 202 flows from the oil return circuit 205 to the injection refrigerant of the injection circuit 305, and flows into the scroll installation space 70 of the compression mechanism 3 together with the injection refrigerant. The oil that has flowed into the scroll installation space 70 flows into the compression chamber 8 and flows out to the outside of the scroll compressor 100.
As described above, embodiment 1 has the following configuration: the oil return circuit 206 from the oil separator 202 is branched into two, one oil return circuit 204 communicates with the displacement pump 111 constituted by the displacement pump instead of the oil reservoir 100b, and the other oil return circuit 205 communicates with the injection circuit 305. Since the displacement pump increases the amount of oil discharged as the rotation speed increases, the amount of oil returning from the oil separator 202 to the in-shaft flow path 6d via the oil returning circuit 204 can be relatively increased during high-speed operation as compared to during low-speed operation. Therefore, during high-speed operation in which the oil outflow rate to the outside of the scroll compressor 100 tends to increase, oil is positively returned to the axial flow passage 6d, and the amount of oil returned from the injection circuit 305 to the compression mechanism 3 is suppressed. As a result, the outflow of oil from the compression mechanism 3 to the outside of the compressor can be suppressed.
Further, during low-speed operation in which the contribution of the leakage loss is large, the sealing performance of the compression mechanism 3 can be improved by actively returning oil from the oil separator 202 to the injection circuit 305.
As described above, it is possible to provide a scroll compressor which can ensure the sealing performance of the compression mechanism 3 during low-speed operation while suppressing oil outflow to the outside of the compressor during high-speed operation and which is excellent in performance and reliability.
Fig. 3 is a schematic vertical cross-sectional view of the overall configuration of a scroll compressor constituting a refrigeration cycle apparatus according to embodiment 2 of the present invention. Fig. 4 is a horizontal schematic sectional view of the compression mechanism of fig. 3. In addition, each phase of 0deg, 90deg, 180deg, and 270deg shown in fig. 4 shows the rotational phase of the compression mechanism.
In embodiment 2, the injection pipe 103 penetrates the container 100a from the outside and is inserted into the container, and is connected to an injection port 207 formed in the fixed platen 1 a. Further, the following structure is provided: the outlet 103a of the injection pipe 103 communicates with the interior of the compression mechanism 3, and the injection refrigerant flows into the compression chamber 8 in the middle of the compression process, in other words, into the intermediate-pressure space 75, the interior of which has an intermediate pressure. Here, the intermediate pressure refers to a pressure between the suction pressure and the discharge pressure.
In the structure in which the injection pipe 103 is communicated with the intermediate pressure space 75 in this manner, the amount of oil flowing from the oil separator 202 to the injection pipe 103 can be suppressed as compared with embodiment 1 described above. This is because of the following reason. That is, in the structure in which the injection pipe 103 communicates with the intermediate pressure space 75, the pressure difference between the oil separator 202 and the outlet 103a of the injection pipe 103 is smaller than in the case where the injection pipe 103 communicates with the low pressure space as in embodiment 1. Therefore, even if the flow rate of the injection refrigerant is the same, the amount of oil flowing from the oil separator 202 to the injection pipe 103 can be suppressed.
Therefore, embodiment 2 can suppress excessive oil supply from the injection pipe 103 to the compression mechanism 3 and reduce the oil outflow amount even under the operating conditions where the high-low pressure difference is large, as compared with embodiment 1. Therefore, a scroll compressor having high performance and reliability over a wide operating range can be provided.
In fig. 4, although the injection port 207 is shown as one portion, a plurality of portions may be provided to communicate the injection pipe 103 with the interior of the compression mechanism 3 at a plurality of portions. In this case, the same effect can be obtained.
Fig. 5 is a schematic vertical cross-sectional view of the overall configuration of a scroll compressor constituting a refrigeration cycle apparatus according to embodiment 3 of the present invention.
According to embodiment 3, the same effects as those of embodiment 1 can be obtained, and the following effects can be obtained by providing the capillary tube 210 downstream of the connection 205a with the oil return circuit 205 in the injection circuit 305. That is, the flow rate of the injected refrigerant flowing into the scroll compressor 100 can be reduced after the capillary tube 210 is provided, compared to before the capillary tube 210 is provided. Therefore, as in the case of embodiment 2, excessive oil supply to the compression mechanism 3 can be suppressed.
In addition, when the capillary tube 210 is used as the dam member, the flow velocity increases in the capillary tube 210 portion, and therefore the refrigerant passing through the injection circuit 305 and the oil flowing into the injection circuit 305 from the oil return circuit 205 can be stirred by convection. Therefore, the refrigerant and the oil can be mixed in a more uniform mixed state and then supplied to the scroll portion 3a of the compression mechanism 3. As a result, in embodiment 3, the sealing performance of the compression mechanism 3 can be further improved as compared with the cases of embodiment 1 and embodiment 2. Therefore, embodiment 3 can provide the scroll compressor 100 having higher performance than the cases of embodiment 1 and embodiment 2.
Note that, although the capillary tube 210 is described as an example of the stopper member, a fixed stopper such as the filter 217 shown in fig. 6 or the orifice 218 shown in fig. 7 may be used instead. As shown in fig. 8 below, a variable damper such as a flow rate adjustment valve may be used.
Fig. 8 is a schematic vertical cross-sectional view of the entire configuration of a modification of the scroll compressor constituting the refrigeration cycle apparatus according to embodiment 3 of the present invention.
In fig. 8, as the blocking member, for example, a flow rate adjustment valve 211 constituted by an expansion valve or the like whose opening degree can be adjusted is used. By using the flow rate adjustment valve 211, for example, even when the pressure conditions for operating the scroll compressor 100 are the same, the flow rate of the injection refrigerant can be changed according to the rotation speed conditions.
Specifically, for example, in the case of high-speed operation, the amount of oil flowing from the oil separator 202 into the displacement pump 111 via the oil return circuit 204 can be relatively increased as compared to the oil return circuit 205 by reducing the opening degree of the flow rate adjustment valve 211. In addition, during low-speed operation, the amount of oil flowing from the injection circuit 305 into the compression mechanism 3 can be increased by increasing the opening degree of the flow rate adjustment valve 211, and the sealing performance of the compression mechanism 3 can be improved.
By making the flow rate of the injected refrigerant variable in this way, a scroll compressor having higher performance and reliability in a wider operation range than in the case of embodiment 2 can be provided.
Embodiment 4.
Embodiment 4 has a structure in which a dam member is further provided in the oil return circuit 204 of embodiment 1 shown in fig. 1. Hereinafter, embodiment 4 will be described mainly focusing on a structure different from embodiment 1.
Fig. 9 is a schematic vertical cross-sectional view of the overall configuration of a scroll compressor constituting a refrigeration cycle apparatus according to embodiment 4 of the present invention.
In embodiment 4, the oil return circuit 204 is provided with a capillary tube 212 as a stopper member. The capillary tube 212 decompresses the oil flowing from the oil separator 202 into the injection circuit 305.
According to embodiment 4, the same effects as those of embodiment 1 can be obtained, and the following operational effects can be obtained by providing the capillary tube 212 in the oil return circuit 204. That is, by providing the capillary tube 212 in the oil return circuit 204, the high-pressure oil supplied from the oil separator 202 can be supplied to the displacement pump 111 in a state in which the pressure is sufficiently reduced by the capillary tube 212. Therefore, the pressure difference between the low-pressure oil supplied from the suction pipe 111a to the displacement pump 111 and the high-pressure oil supplied from the oil return circuit 204 to the displacement pump 111 can be reduced.
Here, if the pressure difference between the low-pressure oil supplied from the intake pipe 111a to the displacement pump 111 and the oil supplied from the oil return circuit 204 to the displacement pump 111 is large, the following problems occur. That is, the oil supplied from the oil return circuit 204 to the displacement pump 111 flows back to the oil reservoir 100b of the container 100a through the suction pipe 111a due to the pressure difference. That is, the oil supplied from the oil return circuit 204 to the displacement pump 111 flows into the oil reservoir 100b without flowing into the in-shaft flow path 6 d. In this case, the amount of oil supplied to the sliding portion such as the bearing decreases.
However, here, by providing the capillary tube 212 in the oil return circuit 204, the pressure difference between the low-pressure oil supplied from the suction pipe 111a to the displacement pump 111 and the oil supplied from the oil return circuit 204 to the displacement pump 111 can be reduced as described above. As a result, the oil supplied from the oil return circuit 204 to the displacement pump 111 is prevented from flowing to the oil reservoir 100b, and the amount of oil supplied to the sliding portion such as the bearing is prevented from decreasing. Thus, embodiment 4 can provide a scroll compressor having higher reliability than the case of embodiment 1.
Here, the case where the capillary tube 212 is used as the stopper member is described as an example, but the present invention is not limited to the capillary tube. As in the case of embodiment 3, as the blocking member, for example, a fixed block such as a filter or an orifice or a variable block such as a flow rate adjustment valve may be used. The same effect can be obtained also in the case of using these barriers.
Embodiment 5.
Embodiment 5 has a structure in which a dam member is further provided in the oil return circuit 205 of embodiment 1 shown in fig. 1. Hereinafter, embodiment 5 will be described mainly focusing on a structure different from embodiment 1.
Fig. 10 is a schematic vertical cross-sectional view of the overall configuration of a scroll compressor constituting a refrigeration cycle apparatus according to embodiment 5 of the present invention.
In embodiment 5, the oil return circuit 205 is provided with a capillary tube 213 as a stopper member. Capillary tube 213 reduces the amount of oil flowing into injection circuit 305. Here, in embodiment 3, compared to embodiment 3 shown in fig. 5, the capillary 210 is provided in the injection circuit 305. Therefore, in embodiment 3, the flow rate of the refrigerant is reduced in addition to the flow rate of the oil. In contrast, in embodiment 5, since the capillary tube 213 is provided in the oil return circuit 205, the amount of oil itself supplied to the injection pipe 103 can be reduced.
As described above, according to embodiment 5, the same effects as those of embodiment 1 can be obtained, and the following effects can be obtained by providing the capillary tube 213 in the oil return circuit 205. That is, excessive oil supply from the oil return circuit 205 to the compression mechanism 3 can be suppressed while ensuring the flow rate of the refrigerant supplied from the injection pipe 103. As a result, the refrigerant gas in the compression process in the compression mechanism 3 can be efficiently cooled by the injected refrigerant, while an increase in the outflow of oil from the compression mechanism 3 due to excessive oil supply can be suppressed. Therefore, a scroll compressor having higher reliability than that in the case of embodiment 1 can be provided.
Here, the case where the capillary tube 213 is used as the stopper member is described as an example, but the present invention is not limited to the capillary tube. As in the case of embodiment 3, as the blocking member, for example, a fixed block such as a filter or an orifice or a variable block such as a flow rate adjustment valve may be used. The same effect can be obtained also in the case of using these barriers.
Fig. 11 is a schematic vertical cross-sectional view of the overall configuration of a scroll compressor constituting a refrigeration cycle apparatus according to embodiment 6 of the present invention.
In embodiment 6, a gas-liquid separator 214 is provided at a branching position between the oil return circuit 204 and the oil return circuit 205. Here, the gas-liquid separator 214 includes a separation vessel 214a, an inlet pipe 214b connected to the separation vessel 214a, an outlet pipe 214c connected to the bottom surface of the separation vessel 214a, and an outlet pipe 214d connected to the side surface of the separation vessel 214 a. The outlet pipe 214c corresponds to a first outlet pipe of the present invention, and the outlet pipe 214d corresponds to a second outlet pipe of the present invention.
The outlet pipe 214c is connected to the return oil circuit 204, and the outlet pipe 214d is connected to the return oil circuit 205. In the oil separator 202 located upstream of the gas-liquid separator 214, the refrigerant and the oil are separated as described above, and the separated oil flows into the gas-liquid separator 214. However, when the flow rate of the refrigerant flowing into the oil separator 202 is small, the oil-containing refrigerant may flow out of the oil separator 202 instead of the oil alone.
Based on this, a gas-liquid separator 214 is provided at a branching position between the oil return circuit 204 and the oil return circuit 205 so as to supply oil to the oil return circuit 204 with priority over the oil return circuit 205. In the gas-liquid separator 214, oil is separated from the refrigerant flowing in from the inlet pipe 214b, and the separated oil is accumulated in the bottom of the separation vessel 214 a. The oil accumulated in the bottom of the separation vessel 214a flows out of the outlet pipe 214c connected to the bottom surface of the separation vessel 214a preferentially over the outlet pipe 214d connected to the side surface of the separation vessel 214 a.
According to embodiment 6, the same effects as those of embodiment 1 can be obtained, and by providing the gas-liquid separator 214 at the branching position between the oil return circuit 204 and the oil return circuit 205, oil can be supplied to the oil return circuit 204 preferentially over the oil return circuit 205. Therefore, the amount of oil returning to the displacement pump 111 can be ensured. This can suppress damage to the sliding portion due to insufficient oil supply, and can provide a scroll compressor having higher reliability than that in embodiment 1.
Further, although the gas-liquid separator 214 in which a plurality of pipes are connected to the separation vessel 214a is described as an example of the gas-liquid separator, a T-pipe may be used as shown in fig. 12 below.
Fig. 12 is a schematic vertical cross-sectional view of the entire configuration of a modification of the scroll compressor constituting the refrigeration cycle apparatus according to embodiment 6 of the present invention.
In this modification, a T-pipe 215 is provided as a gas-liquid separator. The T-shaped pipe 215 includes a vertical pipe 215a extending in the vertical direction, the vertical pipe 215a having an upper end opening serving as an inflow port 215aa and a lower end opening serving as an outflow port 215ab, and a horizontal pipe 215b connected orthogonally to the vertical pipe 215a and having an open end serving as an outflow port 215 ba. The inflow port 215aa communicates with the bottom surface of the oil separator 202, the outflow port 215ab communicates with the oil return circuit 204, and the outflow port 215ba communicates with the oil return circuit 205. The outflow port 215ab corresponds to a first outflow port of the present invention, and the outflow port 215ba corresponds to a second outflow port of the present invention.
In the case where the T-pipe 215 is provided at a branching position between the oil return circuit 204 and the oil return circuit 205, the oil flowing into the T-pipe 215 from the inflow port 215aa also flows out from the outflow port 215ab preferentially over the outflow port 215ba by gravity separation. Therefore, the same effect as that of the gas-liquid separator 214 shown in fig. 11 can be obtained.
Fig. 13 is a schematic vertical cross-sectional view of the overall configuration of a scroll compressor constituting a refrigeration cycle apparatus according to embodiment 7 of the present invention.
According to embodiment 7, the same effects as those of embodiment 1 can be obtained, and the following operational effects can be obtained by providing the through hole 216 in the boss portion 2 d. The oil return circuit 204 has a high pressure, whereas the installation space of the displacement pump 111 has a low pressure. Therefore, when the high-pressure oil in the oil return circuit 204 is supplied to the low-pressure displacement pump 111, a sudden pressure drop occurs, and the refrigerant gas dissolved in the oil may be foamed. The refrigerant gas foamed in this manner rises in the oil hole 6da of the rotary shaft 6, and flows out from the upper end of the oil hole 6da to the boss portion inner space 74.
When the refrigerant foamed in this manner flows into the oil hole 6da, it is difficult to supply oil to the bearings such as the rocking bearing 2c and the main bearing 7b, and the lubrication by the oil becomes insufficient, which may damage the bearings. Therefore, as shown in fig. 13, by providing the through hole 216 in the boss portion 2d and communicating the boss portion internal space 74 with the bearing working space 73, the foamed refrigerant gas can be made to escape from the boss portion internal space 74 to the bearing working space 73. This can suppress damage to the bearing. Therefore, embodiment 7 can provide a scroll compressor having higher reliability than the case of embodiment 1.
In the above description, although different embodiments have been described in each of embodiments 1 to 7, the refrigeration cycle apparatus may be configured by appropriately combining the characteristic features of the embodiments. For example, embodiment 2 and embodiment 7 may be combined, and a through hole 216 may be provided in the boss portion 2d of the scroll compressor 100 in fig. 3.
Description of reference numerals
1 fixed scroll, 1a fixed platen, 1b fixed scroll, 1c discharge port, 2 oscillating scroll, 2a oscillating platen, 2b oscillating scroll, 2c oscillating bearing, 2d boss portion, 3 compression mechanism, 3a scroll portion, 6 rotation shaft, 6a eccentric shaft portion, 6b main shaft portion, 6c sub shaft portion, 6d in-shaft flow path, 6da oil hole, 6db oil supply hole, 7 frame, 7a discharge port, 7b main bearing, 7c communication flow path, 8 compression chamber, 9 sub frame, 9a sub frame plate, 10 sub bearing, 11 discharge valve, 12 discharge muffler, 20 oil return pipe, 60 first balance weight, 61 second balance weight, 70 setting space, 71 housing suction space, 72 housing discharge space, 73 bearing working space, 74 boss portion internal space, 75 intermediate pressure space, 100 scroll compressor, 100a container, 100b oil reservoir, 101 suction pipe, 102 discharge pipe, 103 injection pipe, 103a outflow port, 110 electric mechanism, 110a motor stator, 110b motor rotor, 111 pump element, 111a suction pipe, 113 oil return pipe, 201 circuit, 202 oil separator, 203 circuit, 204 oil return circuit, 205a connection, 206 oil return circuit, 207 ejection port, 210 capillary tube, 211 flow rate adjusting valve, 212 capillary tube, 213 capillary tube, 214 gas-liquid separator, 214a separation vessel, 214b inlet pipe, 214c outlet pipe, 214d outlet pipe, 215T-shaped tube, 215a vertical tube, 215aa inflow port, 215ab outflow port, 215b horizontal tube, 215ba outflow port, 216 through hole, 217 filter, 218 orifice, 300 refrigeration cycle device, 300a main circuit, 301 condenser, 302 pressure reducing device, 303 evaporator, 304 expansion valve, 305 injection circuit.
Claims (16)
1. A refrigeration cycle device, comprising:
a main circuit including a scroll compressor, a condenser, a pressure reducing device, and an evaporator, and through which a refrigerant containing oil circulates;
an injection circuit branched from between the condenser and the pressure reducing device and connected with the scroll compressor;
an oil separator provided in the main circuit and separating oil from the refrigerant discharged from the scroll compressor; and
an oil return circuit that returns the oil separated in the oil separator to the scroll compressor,
the scroll compressor includes:
a container, the bottom of which is an oil reservoir;
an electric mechanism housed within the container;
a compression mechanism that is housed in the container and compresses the refrigerant in a compression chamber formed by combining an orbiting scroll and a fixed scroll;
a rotating shaft that connects the electric mechanism and the compression mechanism and transmits a rotational force of the electric mechanism to the compression mechanism; and
a positive displacement pump that supplies the oil in the oil reservoir to a sliding portion of the rotary shaft via an in-shaft flow path formed in the rotary shaft,
the downstream side of the oil return circuit is branched into two, and an outlet of one first oil return circuit communicates with the displacement pump, and an outlet of the other second oil return circuit communicates with the injection circuit.
2. The refrigeration cycle apparatus according to claim 1,
the scroll compressor includes an injection pipe which penetrates the container from the outside and is connected to the inside of the container, and injects the refrigerant of the injection circuit into the container,
the outlet of the injection pipe communicates with the compression chamber in the middle of the compression process.
3. The refrigeration cycle apparatus according to claim 1,
in the injection circuit, a blocking member that reduces the flow rate of the refrigerant flowing from the injection circuit into the scroll compressor is provided downstream of a connection portion between the injection circuit and the second oil return circuit.
4. The refrigeration cycle apparatus according to claim 2,
in the injection circuit, a blocking member that reduces the flow rate of the refrigerant flowing from the injection circuit into the scroll compressor is provided downstream of a connection portion between the injection circuit and the second oil return circuit.
5. The refrigeration cycle apparatus according to claim 1,
the first oil return circuit includes a stopper member that reduces a flow rate of oil flowing into the displacement pump.
6. The refrigeration cycle apparatus according to claim 2,
the first oil return circuit includes a stopper member that reduces a flow rate of oil flowing into the displacement pump.
7. The refrigeration cycle apparatus according to claim 1,
the second oil return circuit is provided with a blocking member that reduces the flow rate of oil flowing into the injection circuit.
8. The refrigeration cycle apparatus according to claim 2,
the second oil return circuit is provided with a blocking member that reduces the flow rate of oil flowing into the injection circuit.
9. The refrigeration cycle apparatus according to any one of claims 3 to 8, wherein,
the blocking member is a capillary tube.
10. The refrigeration cycle apparatus according to any one of claims 3 to 8, wherein,
the blocking member is a flow rate adjusting valve capable of adjusting the opening degree.
11. The refrigeration cycle apparatus according to any one of claims 3 to 8, wherein,
the blocking member is a filter.
12. The refrigeration cycle apparatus according to any one of claims 3 to 8, wherein,
the blocking member is an orifice provided inside the scroll compressor.
13. The refrigeration cycle apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein,
and a gas-liquid separator is provided at a branching position of the oil return circuit between the first oil return circuit and the second oil return circuit.
14. The refrigeration cycle apparatus according to claim 13,
the gas-liquid separator includes:
a separation vessel;
an inlet pipe having one end connected to the bottom surface of the oil separator and the other end connected to the separation vessel;
a first outlet pipe having one end connected to a bottom surface of the separation vessel and the other end connected to the first return oil circuit; and
and a second outlet pipe having one end connected to a side surface of the separation vessel and the other end connected to the second oil return circuit.
15. The refrigeration cycle apparatus according to claim 13,
the gas-liquid separator is a T-shaped pipe including a vertical pipe and a horizontal pipe, the vertical pipe extends in the vertical direction, the vertical pipe has an upper end opening serving as an inflow port and a lower end opening serving as a first outflow port, the horizontal pipe is orthogonally connected to the vertical pipe, and the horizontal pipe has an open end serving as a second outflow port,
the inflow port is communicated with the bottom surface of the oil separator,
the first outflow port is communicated with the first oil return circuit,
the second outlet is communicated with the second oil return loop.
16. The refrigeration cycle apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein,
the refrigeration cycle device is provided with:
a cylindrical boss portion formed on a back surface of the orbiting scroll on a side opposite to the compression chamber, the cylindrical boss portion being inserted with an eccentric shaft portion of the rotary shaft via a rocking bearing; and
a frame that supports the oscillating scroll on the back surface of the oscillating scroll and forms a bearing working space that accommodates the oscillating bearing together with the boss portion,
the in-shaft flow path of the rotary shaft includes an oil hole extending in an axial direction at a center portion of the rotary shaft, a downstream end of the oil hole communicates with a boss portion internal space inside the boss portion, and the boss portion is formed with a through hole communicating the boss portion internal space with the bearing working space.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP2017/026787 WO2019021360A1 (en) | 2017-07-25 | 2017-07-25 | Refrigeration cycle device |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN110914607A CN110914607A (en) | 2020-03-24 |
| CN110914607B true CN110914607B (en) | 2021-06-08 |
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| CN201780090746.8A Active CN110914607B (en) | 2017-07-25 | 2017-07-25 | Refrigeration cycle device |
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| JP (1) | JP6704526B2 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN110914607B (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2019021360A1 (en) |
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| WO2021140566A1 (en) * | 2020-01-07 | 2021-07-15 | 三菱電機株式会社 | Refrigeration cycle device |
| WO2021210064A1 (en) * | 2020-04-14 | 2021-10-21 | 三菱電機株式会社 | Heat source unit, refrigeration cycle device, and refrigerator |
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| JP6704526B2 (en) | 2020-06-03 |
| JPWO2019021360A1 (en) | 2019-12-12 |
| CN110914607A (en) | 2020-03-24 |
| WO2019021360A1 (en) | 2019-01-31 |
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