CN110907316A - Light path system for single particle forward and backward scattering and depolarization ratio measurement - Google Patents
Light path system for single particle forward and backward scattering and depolarization ratio measurement Download PDFInfo
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- CN110907316A CN110907316A CN201911292976.XA CN201911292976A CN110907316A CN 110907316 A CN110907316 A CN 110907316A CN 201911292976 A CN201911292976 A CN 201911292976A CN 110907316 A CN110907316 A CN 110907316A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface-area of porous materials
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/02—Investigating particle size or size distribution
- G01N15/0205—Investigating particle size or size distribution by optical means, e.g. by light scattering, diffraction, holography or imaging
- G01N15/0211—Investigating a scatter or diffraction pattern
Abstract
The invention discloses an optical path system for single particle forward and backward scattering and depolarization ratio measurement, which comprises an incident light collimation depolarization module, a laser calibration detection module, a single particle scattering module, a backward polarized light detection module, a forward scattered light measurement module and a spectral lens, wherein the incident light collimation depolarization module, the spectral lens, the single particle scattering module and the forward scattered light measurement module are sequentially installed, and the laser calibration detection module and the backward polarized light detection module are oppositely arranged on opposite surfaces of the spectral lens. The optical path system has simple structure and strong stability, and is reasonably designed by establishing the combination of the reasonable collimating lens and the condensing lens, thereby being suitable for being widely applied to pollutant monitoring of a monitoring station, and greatly improving the detection level of the physicochemical property of the atmospheric pollutants.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of optical property detection of atmospheric pollution particles, in particular to an optical path system for measuring forward and backward scattering and depolarization ratios of single particles.
Background
At present, optical properties such as deviation of atmospheric pollution particles are detected mainly in a satellite-borne and ground-based laser radar mode, the radar transmits laser and receives volume scattering light of a pollution air mass, the overall property of the pollution air mass is mainly detected, blind areas inevitably exist, the method is not as accurate as the one-by-one discrimination result of the properties of single particles, and related instruments which can be used for real-time monitoring of the deviation of the single particles are fewer at present. The invention achieves the aim of effectively detecting the irregularity degree of the single particles in the environment by establishing the combination of the reasonable collimating lens and the condensing lens and reasonably designing the light path system, thereby greatly improving the detection level of the physicochemical properties of the atmospheric pollutants.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an optical path system for measuring the forward and backward scattering and the depolarization ratio of single particles, so as to solve the problems in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
an optical path system for single particle forward and backward scattering and depolarization ratio measurement comprises an incident light collimation and depolarization module (1), a laser calibration detection module (2), a single particle scattering module (3), a backward polarized light detection module (4), a forward scattered light measurement module (5) and a light splitting lens,
the incident light collimation and depolarization module (1), the light splitting lens, the single particle scattering module (3) and the forward scattered light measuring module (5) are sequentially installed, and the laser collimation and detection module (2) and the backward polarized light detection module (4) are oppositely arranged on opposite surfaces of the light splitting lens.
Preferably, the incident light collimation and depolarization module (1) is used for generating linearly polarized laser light and emitting the laser light to the light splitting lens;
the beam splitting lens respectively transmits the received linearly polarized laser to the single particle scattering module (3) and the laser calibration detection module (2);
the single particle scattering module (3) scatters the received laser, and the scattered light respectively enters the forward scattered light measuring module (5) and the backward polarized light detecting module (4);
the laser calibration detection module (2) is used for continuously measuring the intensity of the laser light source;
the backward polarized light detection module (4) receives backward scattered light refracted by the light splitting lens, splits the backward scattered light into S polarized light and P polarized light and is used for calculating the depolarization ratio of the backward scattered light;
and the forward scattering light measurement module receives forward scattering light and calculates the illumination intensity, so that the particle size of the single particles is calculated.
Preferably, the forward scattered light is all light signals within a forward ± 11-degree visual field angle after scattering; the backward scattered light is all light signals within a backward +/-169-degree visual field included angle.
Preferably, the incident light collimation and depolarization module (1) comprises a green laser of 50mW and a polarizer disposed behind the green laser to form linearly polarized laser light into the backward polarized light detection module (4).
Preferably, the front and the back of the polaroid are provided with plano-convex lenses which are oppositely arranged and are respectively a first plano-convex lens and a second plano-convex lens;
and a third plano-convex lens is arranged between the second plano-convex lens and the light splitting lens.
Preferably, the laser calibration detection module (2) comprises a fourth plano-convex lens and a first photomultiplier, and the fourth plano-convex lens is arranged between the first photomultiplier and the beam splitting lens.
Preferably, the single particle scattering module (3) comprises a cylindrical lens and an aerosol particle beam, which scatters the incoming laser light.
Preferably, the backward polarized light detection module (4) comprises a polarized light beam splitter (PBS), a second photomultiplier, a third photomultiplier, a fifth plano-convex lens and a sixth plano-convex lens, wherein the fifth plano-convex lens is arranged between the second photomultiplier and the polarized light beam splitter, the sixth plano-convex lens is arranged between the third photomultiplier and the polarized light beam splitter, and the two sets of photomultipliers are arranged along the vertical direction.
Preferably, the forward scattered light measurement module (5) comprises a fourth photomultiplier tube, a seventh plano-convex lens and an eighth plano-convex lens, and the seventh plano-convex lens and the eighth plano-convex lens are oppositely arranged between the fourth photomultiplier tube and the aerosol particle beam.
Preferably, the optical path system further includes the waste light processing module (6), the waste light processing module includes a dissipation cavity and a plane mirror, the plane mirror is installed between the seventh plano-convex lens and the eighth plano-convex lens, and the plane mirror reflects light emitted by the redundant light source into the dissipation cavity to avoid causing measurement errors.
The measurement principle of the optical path system is as follows:
a) a 50mW green laser was first used to generate the diverging laser beam.
b) The first plano-convex lens converges the divergent laser beams, and then the laser beams are processed into linearly polarized light through the polarizing plate.
c) The linearly polarized light passes through the second plano-convex lens and the third plano-convex lens to form parallel linearly polarized light and then enters the beam splitting lens (BS), and 50% of the linearly polarized light passes through the beam splitting lens along a straight line and enters the single particle scattering module (3); the rest 50% of the linearly polarized light enters the laser calibration detection module (2) to measure the light intensity after being reflected by the light splitting lens, so that the intensity of the laser light source is continuously measured.
d) The light entering the single particle scattering module is intersected with the aerosol particle beam entering vertically downwards, the aerosol particle beam scatters the light, and the scattered light is divided into scattered light with a forward view angle (towards the seventh plano-convex lens direction) ± 11 degrees and a backward view angle (towards the beam splitting lens direction) ± 169 degrees.
e) Forward scattered light (forward +/-11 degrees of scattered light) caused by the particles enters a forward scattered light measuring module (5) for intensity measurement, and the intensity measurement is used for calculating the particle size of the particles;
f) the backward scattered light (backward + -169 degree scattered light) is transmitted backward, and then enters a backward polarized light detection module (4) through the reflection of the cylindrical lens and the spectral lens, and the polarization beam splitter of the backward polarized light detection module divides the backward scattered light into a P signal and an S signal, and the P signal and the S signal are measured through a second photomultiplier and a third photomultiplier respectively, and are used for calculating the depolarization ratio of the backward scattered light.
g) In order to reduce errors, a plane mirror is arranged between the seventh plano-convex lens and the eighth plano-convex lens, and the plane mirror reflects light rays emitted by the redundant light source into the dissipation cavity.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention discloses an optical path system for monitoring single particle forward and backward scattering and depolarization ratio measurement, which is reasonably designed by establishing the combination of a reasonable collimating lens and a condensing lens. Compared with the traditional laser radar monitoring, the method avoids a radar blind area, obtains more accurate pollutant properties, and promotes deeper understanding of the physicochemical properties of pollutants.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic connection diagram of an optical path system in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an optical path system in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating the invention, are intended for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Examples
The embodiment provides an optical path system for single particle forward and backward scattering and depolarization ratio measurement, as shown in fig. 1, comprising an incident light collimation and depolarization module (1), a laser calibration detection module (2), a single particle scattering module (3), a backward polarized light detection module (4), a forward scattered light measurement module (5) and a beam splitting lens,
the incident light collimation and depolarization module (1), the light splitting lens, the single particle scattering module (3) and the forward scattered light measuring module (5) are sequentially installed, and the laser collimation and detection module (2) and the backward polarized light detection module (4) are oppositely arranged on opposite surfaces of the light splitting lens.
The incident light collimation and depolarization module (1) is used for generating linear polarization laser and transmitting the laser to the light splitting lens;
the beam splitting lens respectively transmits the received linearly polarized laser to the single particle scattering module (3) and the laser calibration detection module (2);
the single particle scattering module (3) scatters the received laser, and the scattered light respectively enters the forward scattered light measuring module (5) and the backward polarized light detecting module (4);
the laser calibration detection module (2) is used for continuously measuring the intensity of the laser light source;
the backward polarized light detection module (4) receives backward scattered light refracted by the light splitting lens, splits the backward scattered light into S polarized light and P polarized light and is used for calculating the depolarization ratio of the backward scattered light;
and the forward scattering light measurement module receives forward scattering light and calculates the illumination intensity, so that the particle size of the single particles is calculated.
In this embodiment, the forward scattered light is all light signals within a forward ± 11-degree view angle after scattering; the backward scattered light is all light signals within a backward +/-169-degree visual field included angle.
The incident light collimation and depolarization module (1) in the embodiment comprises a green laser of 50mW and a polaroid, wherein the polaroid is arranged behind the green laser to form linearly polarized laser light into the backward polarized light detection module (4). The front and the back of the polaroid are provided with plano-convex lenses which are oppositely arranged and are respectively a first plano-convex lens and a second plano-convex lens; and a third plano-convex lens is arranged between the second plano-convex lens and the light splitting lens.
In this embodiment, the laser calibration detection module (2) includes a fourth plano-convex lens and a first photomultiplier, and the fourth plano-convex lens is disposed between the first photomultiplier and the spectroscope.
The single particle scattering module (3) in this embodiment includes a cylindrical lens and an aerosol particle beam that scatters incoming laser light.
In this embodiment, the backward polarized light detection module (4) includes a Polarization Beam Splitter (PBS), a second photomultiplier, a third photomultiplier, a fifth plano-convex lens and a sixth plano-convex lens, the fifth plano-convex lens is disposed between the second photomultiplier and the polarization beam splitter, the sixth plano-convex lens is disposed between the third photomultiplier and the polarization beam splitter, and two sets of photomultipliers are disposed along a vertical direction.
In this embodiment, the forward scattered light measurement module (5) includes a fourth photomultiplier tube, a seventh plano-convex lens, and an eighth plano-convex lens, and the seventh plano-convex lens and the eighth plano-convex lens are disposed between the fourth photomultiplier tube and the aerosol particle beam in an opposing manner.
The embodiment also comprises that the waste light treatment module (6) comprises a dissipation cavity and a plane mirror, the plane mirror is arranged between the seventh plano-convex lens and the eighth plano-convex lens, and the plane mirror reflects light rays emitted by redundant light sources into the dissipation cavity to avoid causing measurement errors.
The measurement principle of the optical path system is as follows:
a) a 50mW green laser was first used to generate the diverging laser beam.
b) The first plano-convex lens converges the divergent laser beams, and then the laser beams are processed into linearly polarized light through the polarizing plate.
c) The linearly polarized light passes through the second plano-convex lens and the third plano-convex lens to form parallel linearly polarized light and then enters the beam splitting lens (BS), and 50% of the linearly polarized light passes through the beam splitting lens along a straight line and enters the single particle scattering module (3); the rest 50% of the linearly polarized light enters the laser calibration detection module (2) to measure the light intensity after being reflected by the light splitting lens, so that the intensity of the laser light source is continuously measured.
d) The light entering the single particle scattering module is intersected with the aerosol particle beam entering vertically downwards, the aerosol particle beam scatters the light, and the scattered light is divided into scattered light with a forward view angle (towards the seventh plano-convex lens direction) ± 11 degrees and a backward view angle (towards the beam splitting lens direction) ± 169 degrees.
e) Forward scattered light (forward +/-11 degrees of scattered light) caused by the particles enters a forward scattered light measuring module (5) for intensity measurement, and the intensity measurement is used for calculating the particle size of the particles;
f) the backward scattered light (backward + -169 degree scattered light) is transmitted backward, and then enters a backward polarized light detection module (4) through the reflection of the cylindrical lens and the spectral lens, and the polarization beam splitter of the backward polarized light detection module divides the backward scattered light into a P signal and an S signal, and the P signal and the S signal are measured through a second photomultiplier and a third photomultiplier respectively, and are used for calculating the depolarization ratio of the backward scattered light.
g) In order to reduce errors, a plane mirror is arranged between the seventh plano-convex lens and the eighth plano-convex lens, and the plane mirror reflects light rays emitted by the redundant light source into the dissipation cavity.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention discloses an optical path system for monitoring single particle forward and backward scattering and depolarization ratio measurement, which is reasonably designed by establishing the combination of a reasonable collimating lens and a condensing lens. Compared with the traditional laser radar monitoring, the method avoids a radar blind area, obtains more accurate pollutant properties, and promotes deeper understanding of the physicochemical properties of pollutants.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and such modifications and improvements should also be considered within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An optical path system for single particle forward and backward scattering and depolarization ratio measurement is characterized by comprising an incident light collimation and depolarization module (1), a laser calibration detection module (2), a single particle scattering module (3), a backward polarized light detection module (4), a forward scattered light measurement module (5) and a light splitting lens,
the incident light collimation and depolarization module (1), the light splitting lens, the single particle scattering module (3) and the forward scattered light measuring module (5) are sequentially installed, and the laser collimation and detection module (2) and the backward polarized light detection module (4) are oppositely arranged on opposite surfaces of the light splitting lens.
2. The optical path system according to claim 1,
the incident light collimation and depolarization module (1) is used for generating linear polarization laser and transmitting the laser to the light splitting lens;
the beam splitting lens respectively transmits the received linearly polarized laser to the single particle scattering module (3) and the laser calibration detection module (2);
the single particle scattering module (3) scatters the received laser, and the scattered light respectively enters the forward scattered light measuring module (5) and the backward polarized light detecting module (4);
the laser calibration detection module (2) is used for continuously measuring the intensity of the laser light source;
the backward polarized light detection module (4) receives backward scattered light refracted by the light splitting lens, splits the backward scattered light into S polarized light and P polarized light and is used for calculating the depolarization ratio of the backward scattered light;
and the forward scattering light measurement module receives forward scattering light and calculates the illumination intensity, so that the particle size of the single particles is calculated.
3. The optical path system of claim 2, wherein the forward scattered light is all light signals within ± 11 degree included field of view of the forward direction after scattering; the backward scattered light is all light signals within a backward +/-169-degree visual field included angle.
4. The optical path system according to claim 1, characterized in that the incident light collimation and depolarization module (1) comprises a green laser of 50mW and a polarizer disposed behind the green laser to form the generated laser light into linearly polarized laser light entering the backward polarized light detection module (4).
5. The optical path system according to claim 4, wherein the front and back of the polarizer are provided with opposite plano-convex lenses, namely a first plano-convex lens and a second plano-convex lens;
and a third plano-convex lens is arranged between the second plano-convex lens and the light splitting lens.
6. The optical system according to claim 1, characterized in that the laser alignment detection module (2) comprises a fourth plano-convex lens and a first photomultiplier, the fourth plano-convex lens being disposed between the first photomultiplier lens and the beam splitting lens.
7. The optical path system according to claim 1, characterized in that the single particle scattering module (3) comprises a cylindrical lens and an aerosol particle beam, which scatters the incoming laser light.
8. The optical system according to claim 1, wherein the backward polarized light detection module (4) comprises a polarized light beam splitter (PBS), a second photomultiplier tube, a third photomultiplier tube, a fifth plano-convex lens and a sixth plano-convex lens, the fifth plano-convex lens is disposed between the second photomultiplier tube and the polarized light beam splitter, the sixth plano-convex lens is disposed between the third photomultiplier tube and the polarized light beam splitter, and two sets of photomultiplier tubes are disposed in a vertical direction.
9. The optical path system for forward and backward scattering of single particles and measurement of depolarization ratio of claim 1, wherein the forward scattering light measurement module (5) comprises a fourth photomultiplier tube, a seventh plano-convex lens and an eighth plano-convex lens, and the seventh plano-convex lens and the eighth plano-convex lens are oppositely disposed between the fourth photomultiplier tube and the aerosol particle beam.
10. The optical path system for forward and backward scattering of single particles and measurement of depolarization ratio of claim 1, wherein the optical path system further comprises a waste light processing module, the waste light processing module (6) comprises a dissipation chamber and a plane mirror, the plane mirror is installed between the seventh plano-convex lens and the eighth plano-convex lens, and the plane mirror reflects light emitted by an unnecessary light source into the dissipation chamber to avoid causing measurement errors.
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Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN114047101A (en) * | 2021-07-12 | 2022-02-15 | 中国科学院大气物理研究所 | Optical simulation system and method for representing irregularity degree of particulate matter |
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