Background
The interception of vegetation to atmospheric rainfall, which mainly includes penetration of rain and trunk runoff, affects the spread of plant diseases, the gas exchange process on the plant surface, plant photosynthesis, productivity and pollutant deposition, soil and water loss on the surface of the earth, and the like. According to the stipulation of LY/T1626-2005 of forestry industry Standard of the people's republic of China, the stem runoff refers to the rainfall of the rainfall which is converted from the forest crown to the stem and flows to the forest land due to the interception effect of the forest crown when the rainfall occurs.
When rainfall occurs, about 10-15% of rainfall will be converted into trunk runoff to flow to the surface and permeate into soil, and redundant rainfall will be converted into surface runoff to cause soil erosion. However, for deep soil, the roots of the deep soil layer are dense, so that rainwater cannot easily penetrate into the bottom layer, the places with concentrated root distribution in the soil layer are dry, and the vegetation wilting can be accelerated to die easily.
The existing deep soil layer irrigation technology is generally characterized in that the surface of an acting soil layer is mainly used, liquid is easy to run off and volatilize, moisture is not easy to keep in the deep soil layer, the irrigated moisture only partially benefits from soil and vegetation, namely, the moisture absorbed from the soil surface and immerged into the soil layer is less, and most of the irrigated moisture causes unnecessary waste. In addition, a few liquid fertilizer deep applicators are designed, the pipe barrel of the liquid fertilizer deep applicator is composed of double layers, a spring, a bearing and the like are arranged in the pipe barrel, beads are arranged at the liquid outlet part, the structure is complex, liquid leakage is easy to occur, the liquid fertilizer deep applicator is inconvenient to use, and the spring is easy to damage after being corroded.
Therefore, if the stem runoffs are collected and stored and combined with the fertilizer to be slowly released to the deep soil, the stem runoffs can be reasonably utilized to relieve the water and fertilizer pressure of the deep soil and further relieve the influence of the pressure on vegetation growth.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides a system is irritated slowly on dark soil horizon, make full use of trunk runoff retrieves the water source, carries out the slow irrigation of dark soil horizon to solve among the prior art because dark soil horizon root system is intensive, current dark soil horizon irrigation technique is with acting on the soil horizon surface as leading, and liquid runs off easily and volatilizees, is difficult for keeping moisture content in the dark soil horizon, and liquid fertilizer deep applicator structure is complicated, easy weeping uses inconvenient scheduling problem, provides technical support for dark soil horizon irrigation technical field.
The technical scheme adopted by the application for solving the technical problems is as follows:
a deep-soil slow irrigation system comprising: trunk runoff water collector, water storage device, guiding device and deep soil layer irrigation equipment, trunk runoff water collector with water storage device passes through guiding device and connects, deep soil layer irrigation equipment with water storage device passes through the connecting pipe and connects, a plurality of trompils have been seted up on the deep soil layer irrigation equipment side.
Optionally, trunk stem flows the water collector and is the funnel structure, including bucket body and small opening, the bucket body outside is close to small opening department is provided with first delivery port, first delivery port one end is connected guiding device, the other end with the inside intercommunication of bucket body.
Optionally, a rubber layer is arranged on the inner wall of the leakage pipe, and a cotton foam layer is arranged on the inner wall of the rubber layer.
Optionally, a filter screen is laid at the opening end of the funnel body, and an opening with the same inner diameter as the leakage pipe is formed in the center of the filter screen.
Optionally, the water storage device is a hollow cylindrical structure, and includes a water inlet and a second water outlet, the water inlet is disposed on the top surface of the water storage device and connected to the diversion device, and the second water outlet is disposed on the bottom side surface of the water storage device and connected to the deep soil layer irrigation device through the connection pipe.
Optionally, the top of the water storage device is provided with a vent hole or an exhaust pipe.
Optionally, the connecting pipe connector is connected with a rubber head, the connecting pipe penetrates through the rubber head, and the rubber head is plugged in the deep soil layer irrigation device.
Optionally, the deep soil layer irrigation device is 4 meters long and 1 cm in diameter, and the part of the deep soil layer irrigation device below 1 meter is provided with openings with the diameter of 0.5 cm in a staggered manner at intervals of 10 cm.
The technical scheme provided by the application comprises the following beneficial technical effects:
the application provides a system is irritated slowly on dark soil horizon includes: trunk runoff water collector, water storage device, guiding device and deep soil horizon irrigation equipment, trunk runoff water collector passes through guiding device with water storage device and is connected, and deep soil horizon irrigation equipment passes through the connecting pipe with water storage device and is connected, has seted up the trompil on the deep soil horizon irrigation equipment side. Whole system is when using, and the trunk runoff that trunk runoff water collector gathered from the trunk passes through guiding device and temporarily stores in water storage device, carries to deep soil horizon irrigation equipment through the connecting pipe, and a plurality of trompils on the deep soil horizon irrigation equipment are slow with leading-in to the deep soil layer of moisture, through slow release, can reach effective reasonable abundant utilization precipitation resource, slowly supply deep soil horizon moisture for a long time, alleviate the purpose of the soil moisture disappearance of deep soil horizon moisture. The application provides a system is irritated slowly on dark soil horizon has solved among the prior art because dark soil horizon root system is intensive, and current dark soil horizon irrigation technique is given first place to the effect soil horizon surface, and liquid runs off easily and volatilizes, is difficult for keeping moisture content in the dark soil horizon, and liquid fertilizer deep applicator structure is complicated, and easy weeping uses inconvenient scheduling problem, provides technical support for dark soil horizon irrigation technical field.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions in the present application better understood by those skilled in the art, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application; it is to be understood that the embodiments described are only a few embodiments of the present application and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
The deep soil layer slow irrigation system based on the trunk runoff provided by the application is simple equipment for slowly releasing the trunk runoff to deep soil after being collected, researches show that the trunk runoff accounts for 10-15% of rainfall, but only soil moisture of a shallow soil layer (1-2 meters) can be relieved if the trunk runoff naturally flows into the soil. In addition, after soil is saturated with water, excess water can be lost as surface runoff, causing soil erosion or nutrient loss. Soil moisture in shallow soil layers is also replenished by both penetrating rain and surface runoff. But the moisture of the shallow soil layer can not infiltrate into the deep soil layer (2-5m) so as to meet the requirement of the root of the tree on the moisture. This supply is lost through soil evaporation when the shallow soil layer is not fully utilized. The system temporarily stores the stem runoff in the water storage device 2, slowly leads the stem runoff into a deep soil layer through the flow guide device 3, and quickly absorbs the stem runoff by the plants to prevent long-term use, particularly to supplement water shortage in drought seasons. Through slow release, can reach effective reasonable abundant utilization precipitation resource, slowly supply deep soil horizon moisture for a long time, alleviate the soil moisture of deep soil horizon moisture and lack the purpose.
The system is irritated slowly in deep soil layer that this application embodiment provided includes: trunk runoff water collector 1, water storage device 2, guiding device 3 and deep soil horizon irrigation equipment 4, wherein, trunk runoff water collector 1 passes through guiding device 3 with water storage device 2 and is connected, be arranged in the trunk runoff that will gather from the trunk passes through guiding device 3 and stores and water storage device 2, act on deep soil horizon irrigation, deep soil horizon irrigation equipment 4 passes through connecting pipe 5 with water storage device 2 and is connected, release the trunk runoff in the water storage device 2 to deep soil horizon irrigation equipment 4 through connecting pipe 5, and a plurality of trompils 6 have been seted up on deep soil horizon irrigation equipment 4's side, so that the abundant release of moisture, the effect of irritating slowly has also been reached simultaneously.
Whole system is when using, trunk runoff water collector 1 passes through guiding device 3 from the trunk above the collection and temporarily stores up in water storage device 2, carry to deep soil horizon irrigation equipment 4 through connecting pipe 5, by a plurality of trompils 6 on the deep soil horizon irrigation equipment 4 with slow leading-in to the deep soil horizon of moisture, through slow release, can reach effective reasonable abundant utilization precipitation resource, slowly supply deep soil horizon moisture for a long time, alleviate the purpose of the soil moisture disappearance of deep soil horizon moisture.
As an embodiment of this application, this application selection sets up trunk stem flow water collector 1 to the funnel structure, and this funnel structure includes bucket body 11 and small opening 12, and the bucket body 11 outside is close to small opening 12 department and is provided with first delivery port 13, connects guiding device 3 through first delivery port 13 one end, the other end and the inside intercommunication of bucket body 11.
Further, in order to increase the leakproofness between trunk runoff water collector 1 and the trunk, be provided with the rubber layer on the inner wall of leak pipe 12, be provided with the cotton bubble layer on the rubber layer inner wall, increase the leakproofness on the one hand, on the other hand can play the effect that prevents the moisture loss.
Meanwhile, a filter screen 14 is laid at the opening end of the funnel body 11, residues such as leaves flying off the tree can be filtered through the filter screen 14, the residues are prevented from falling into the trunk runoff water collector 1, and the trunk runoff water collector 1 is blocked; in order to make the trunk runoff water collector 1 of whole funnel structure match the trunk structure and use, set up the opening that equals with the inside diameter of weeping pipe 12 at the center of filter screen 14, during the use, the trunk passes weeping pipe 12 and this opening installation, and is indispensable, is provided with the switch mouth on trunk runoff water collector 1, during the installation, opens this switch mouth earlier, and the back that finishes is installed, and this switch mouth closes to adopt sealed mode to seal.
As an embodiment of this application, this application is selected and is set up water storage device 2 to inside hollow cylindrical structure, including water inlet 21 and second delivery port 22, water inlet 21 sets up on water storage device 2's top surface and connects guiding device 3, and second delivery port 22 sets up on 2 bottom sides of water storage device and connects deep soil layer irrigation equipment 4 through connecting pipe 5, and water storage bucket device top sets up the lid, the clearance of being convenient for.
Optionally, the top of the water storage device 2 is provided with a vent hole 23 or an exhaust pipe.
Optionally, the connecting pipe 5 is connected with a rubber head through a connector, the connecting pipe 5 penetrates through the rubber head 7, and the rubber head 7 is filled in the deep soil layer irrigation device 4.
Furthermore, in order to match the soil structure, the deep soil layer irrigation device 4 is 4 meters long and 1 centimeter in diameter, and the part with the length of less than 1 meter is staggered with the opening 6 with the diameter of 0.5 centimeter in opposite directions at intervals of 10 centimeters, thereby achieving the purpose of slowly releasing water.
In order to make clear the technical content provided in the embodiments of the present application for those skilled in the art, the embodiments of the present application also provide a deep soil layer slow irrigation system with specific specification and size, it should be noted that those skilled in the art may adjust the system according to actual needs, and the embodiments of the present application are not specifically limited, and the specific parameters are as follows:
as shown in fig. 1, for the structural schematic diagram of the deep soil layer slow irrigation system provided by the embodiment of the present application, a trunk stem flow water collector 1 is set to be a funnel structure, the diameter of the lower opening of a leakage pipe 12 is set to be 20cm, the width of the inclined surface of a bucket body 11 is 20cm, the diameter of a first water outlet 13 is 2cm, a flow guide pipe is selected as a flow guide device 3, the diameter of the flow guide pipe is set to be 2cm, the internal volume of a cylindrical water storage device 2 is set to be 20L, the diameter of a second water outlet 22 is 0.3 cm, the length of a deep soil layer irrigation device 4 is 4 m, the diameter of the deep soil layer irrigation device is 1 cm, and the part with the length of 1 m is staggered with an opening 6 with the diameter of 0.5 cm.
The application provides a system is irritated slowly on dark soil horizon includes: trunk runoff water collector 1, water storage device 2, guiding device 3 and deep soil horizon irrigation equipment 4, trunk runoff water collector 1 passes through guiding device 3 with water storage device 2 and is connected, and deep soil horizon irrigation equipment 4 passes through connecting pipe 5 with water storage device 2 and is connected, has seted up trompil 6 on the deep soil horizon irrigation equipment 4 side. Whole system is when using, trunk runoff water collector 1 passes through guiding device 3 from the trunk above the collection and temporarily stores up in water storage device 2, carry to deep soil horizon irrigation equipment 4 through connecting pipe 5, by a plurality of trompils 6 on the deep soil horizon irrigation equipment 4 with slow leading-in to the deep soil horizon of moisture, through slow release, can reach effective reasonable abundant utilization precipitation resource, slowly supply deep soil horizon moisture for a long time, alleviate the purpose of the soil moisture disappearance of deep soil horizon moisture. The application provides a system is irritated slowly on dark soil horizon has solved among the prior art because dark soil horizon root system is intensive, and current dark soil horizon irrigation technique is given first place to the effect soil horizon surface, and liquid runs off easily and volatilizes, is difficult for keeping moisture content in the dark soil horizon, and liquid fertilizer deep applicator structure is complicated, and easy weeping uses inconvenient scheduling problem, provides technical support for dark soil horizon irrigation technical field.
It is noted that relational terms such as "first" and "second," and the like, may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that an article or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
The above description is merely exemplary of the present application and is presented to enable those skilled in the art to understand and practice the present application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the application. Thus, the present application is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
It will be understood that the present application is not limited to what has been described above and shown in the accompanying drawings, and that various modifications and changes can be made without departing from the scope thereof. The scope of the application is limited only by the appended claims.