CN110894163A - 一种碳化硅复合材料在电石炉流口上的应用 - Google Patents

一种碳化硅复合材料在电石炉流口上的应用 Download PDF

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CN110894163A
CN110894163A CN201911247157.3A CN201911247157A CN110894163A CN 110894163 A CN110894163 A CN 110894163A CN 201911247157 A CN201911247157 A CN 201911247157A CN 110894163 A CN110894163 A CN 110894163A
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silicon carbide
composite material
silicon
carbide composite
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龚剑锋
杨奎
朱冲
许海洋
王波
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Sinosteel Ningxia R & D Binhe New Material Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种碳化硅复合材料在电石炉流口上的应用，涉及电石炉技术领域。本发明电石炉流口由碳化硅复合材料制成的炉口砖料砌筑而成；碳化硅复合材料由以下重量份的原料组成：工业碳化硅105‑125份，氮化硅80‑85份，刚玉60‑75份，纳米陶瓷40‑55份，柠檬酸钠1‑4份，羧甲基纤维酸钠2‑7份，耐火粘土5‑10份，二氧化硅微粉2‑8份，纯铝酸钙水泥3‑5份。本发明通过柠檬酸钠和羧甲基纤维素钠使砖料中氧化料分散性和稳定性提高，使得通过新型碳化硅复合材料烧结成的砖料制成的电石炉流口具有高温化学稳定性好，耐化学侵蚀及渣蚀，热膨胀系数小，抗变形，强度大、硬度高，耐冲刷，抗氧化性、抗热震及耐磨性能好，使用寿命长，建造施工方便的优点。

Description

一种碳化硅复合材料在电石炉流口上的应用
技术领域
本发明属于电石炉技术领域，特别是涉及一种碳化硅复合材料在电石炉流口上的应用。
背景技术
电石炉炉门是熔炼反应后的电石流向电石锅的重要通道，也称为是出炉口。该部位主要是由炉门及炉眼两个部分组成的：炉门是由氮化硅结合炭化硅砖砌筑成的拱形门，炉眼是由内眼以及外眼组成，外眼是由烧穿装置烧成的，形状主要是内小外大的喇叭口而内眼是由人工操作使用钢纤而捅开的，或者是使用没有缝隙的钢管通过氧气而烧开，炉门的设计是整个炉体最薄弱的地方也是影响电石生产的重要部位。
目前，电石生产中炉门容易损坏的原因如下：
1、炉门受到热腐蚀较为严重炉门是离电极最近的地方，也是受到的热腐蚀最为严重，出炉口炉门损坏最快，炉衬使用寿命最为薄弱的环节。
2、炉门长期受到氧化、水分、硅铁等侵蚀在电石流出时炉门要承受电石液中的CaO、FeO、MgO等碱金属的化学侵蚀，出炉后期电石炉内压力较小时，炉门下部有空气进入，炉门部位还会受到一定的二氧化碳氧化，如果堵眼使用了含水的炮泥还会使得氧化侵蚀加剧反应。
3、炉门受到机械冲刷侵蚀出炉时流出的高温电石冲刷炉眼部位，使炉眼扩大：在黏度高、流动性差排出不畅时，人工用圆钢带电石会使出炉口下方的耐火砖受到强烈的机械冲刷而损坏剥离而脱落。
4、出炉时不能均衡使用三个出炉口，导致使用频繁的炉门烧损严重。
由于电石炉在出产品时，在有空气的环境下，高温产品从出液口流出，导致炉门材料的氧化、冲刷、侵蚀、变形而损坏，因此，有必要提供一种由新型的碳化硅复合材料制成的电石炉流口。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种碳化硅复合材料在电石炉流口上的应用，提高电石炉出口耐高温、耐冲刷、抗侵蚀以及抗氧化性，提高电石炉口使用寿命。
本发明是通过以下技术方案实现的：
本发明为一种碳化硅复合材料在电石炉流口上的应用，所述电石炉流口由碳化硅复合材料制成的炉口砖料砌筑而成；所述碳化硅复合材料由以下重量份的原料组成：工业碳化硅105-125份，氮化硅80-85份，刚玉60-75份，纳米陶瓷40-55份，柠檬酸钠1-4份，羧甲基纤维酸钠2-7份，耐火粘土5-10份，二氧化硅微粉2-8份，纯铝酸钙水泥3-5份。
进一步地，所述纳米陶瓷的粒径在90-100目。
进一步地，所述工业碳化硅和氧化硅的粒径≤3mm。
进一步地，所述耐火粘土、二氧化硅微粉和纯铝酸钙水泥的粒度在200-300目。
进一步地，所述碳化硅复合材料生产炉口砖料的步骤包括：
-按照所述碳化硅复合材料原料配比取料，加水搅拌混合均匀后，注入振动成型机模具中振动成型，得到成型砖半成品；
-将成型砖半成品表面流涂一层纳米陶瓷涂层，在110-200℃下保养、烘干3-5天，再在1600-1650℃下烧结12-18h成型。
本发明具有以下有益效果：
本发明通过柠檬酸钠和羧甲基纤维素钠使砖料中氧化料分散性和稳定性提高，使得通过新型碳化硅复合材料烧结成的砖料制成的电石炉流口具有高温化学稳定性好，耐化学侵蚀及渣蚀，热膨胀系数小，抗变形，强度大、硬度高，耐冲刷，抗氧化性、抗热震及耐磨性能好，使用寿命长，建造施工方便的优点。
当然，实施本发明的任一产品并不一定需要同时达到以上所述的所有优点。
具体实施方式
下面将对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其它实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例一
本发明为一种碳化硅复合材料在电石炉流口上的应用，电石炉流口由碳化硅复合材料制成的炉口砖料砌筑而成；碳化硅复合材料由以下重量份的原料组成：工业碳化硅105份，氮化硅80份，刚玉60份，纳米陶瓷40份，柠檬酸钠1份，羧甲基纤维酸钠2份，耐火粘土5份，二氧化硅微粉2份，纯铝酸钙水泥3份。
其中，纳米陶瓷的粒径在90-100目。
其中，工业碳化硅和氧化硅的粒径≤3mm。
其中，耐火粘土、二氧化硅微粉和纯铝酸钙水泥的粒度在200-300目。
其中，碳化硅复合材料生产炉口砖料的步骤包括：
-按照碳化硅复合材料原料配比取料，加水搅拌混合均匀后，注入振动成型机模具中振动成型，得到成型砖半成品；
-将成型砖半成品表面流涂一层纳米陶瓷涂层，在110-200℃下保养、烘干3-5天，再在1600-1650℃下烧结12-18h成型。
实施例二
本发明为一种碳化硅复合材料在电石炉流口上的应用，电石炉流口由碳化硅复合材料制成的炉口砖料砌筑而成；碳化硅复合材料由以下重量份的原料组成：工业碳化硅125份，氮化硅85份，刚玉75份，纳米陶瓷55份，柠檬酸钠4份，羧甲基纤维酸钠7份，耐火粘土10份，二氧化硅微粉8份，纯铝酸钙水泥5份。
其中，纳米陶瓷的粒径在90-100目。
其中，工业碳化硅和氧化硅的粒径≤3mm。
其中，耐火粘土、二氧化硅微粉和纯铝酸钙水泥的粒度在200-300目。
其中，碳化硅复合材料生产炉口砖料的步骤包括：
-按照碳化硅复合材料原料配比取料，加水搅拌混合均匀后，注入振动成型机模具中振动成型，得到成型砖半成品；
-将成型砖半成品表面流涂一层纳米陶瓷涂层，在110-200℃下保养、烘干3-5天，再在1600-1650℃下烧结12-18h成型。
实施例三
本发明为一种碳化硅复合材料在电石炉流口上的应用，电石炉流口由碳化硅复合材料制成的炉口砖料砌筑而成；碳化硅复合材料由以下重量份的原料组成：工业碳化硅115份，氮化硅82份，刚玉68份，纳米陶瓷45份，柠檬酸钠3份，羧甲基纤维酸钠3份，耐火粘土6份，二氧化硅微粉5份，纯铝酸钙水泥4份。
其中，纳米陶瓷的粒径在90-100目。
其中，工业碳化硅和氧化硅的粒径≤3mm。
其中，耐火粘土、二氧化硅微粉和纯铝酸钙水泥的粒度在200-300目。
其中，碳化硅复合材料生产炉口砖料的步骤包括：
-按照碳化硅复合材料原料配比取料，加水搅拌混合均匀后，注入振动成型机模具中振动成型，得到成型砖半成品；
-将成型砖半成品表面流涂一层纳米陶瓷涂层，在110-200℃下保养、烘干3-5天，再在1600-1650℃下烧结12-18h成型。
在本说明书的描述中，参考术语“一个实施例”、“示例”、“具体示例”等的描述意指结合该实施例或示例描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点包含于本发明的至少一个实施例或示例中。在本说明书中，对上述术语的示意性表述不一定指的是相同的实施例或示例。而且，描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点可以在任何的一个或多个实施例或示例中以合适的方式结合。
以上公开的本发明优选实施例只是用于帮助阐述本发明。优选实施例并没有详尽叙述所有的细节，也不限制该发明仅为所述的具体实施方式。显然，根据本说明书的内容，可作很多的修改和变化。本说明书选取并具体描述这些实施例，是为了更好地解释本发明的原理和实际应用，从而使所属技术领域技术人员能很好地理解和利用本发明。本发明仅受权利要求书及其全部范围和等效物的限制。

Claims (5)

1.一种碳化硅复合材料在电石炉流口上的应用，其特征在于：所述电石炉流口由碳化硅复合材料制成的炉口砖料砌筑而成；所述碳化硅复合材料由以下重量份的原料组成：工业碳化硅105-125份，氮化硅80-85份，刚玉60-75份，纳米陶瓷40-55份，柠檬酸钠1-4份，羧甲基纤维酸钠2-7份，耐火粘土5-10份，二氧化硅微粉2-8份，纯铝酸钙水泥3-5份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种碳化硅复合材料在电石炉流口上的应用，其特征在于，所述纳米陶瓷的粒径在90-100目。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种碳化硅复合材料在电石炉流口上的应用，其特征在于，所述工业碳化硅和氧化硅的粒径≤3mm。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种碳化硅复合材料在电石炉流口上的应用，其特征在于，所述耐火粘土、二氧化硅微粉和纯铝酸钙水泥的粒度在200-300目。
5.根据权利要求1-4任意一项所述的一种碳化硅复合材料在电石炉流口上的应用，其特征在于，所述碳化硅复合材料生产炉口砖料的步骤包括：
-按照所述碳化硅复合材料原料配比取料，加水搅拌混合均匀后，注入振动成型机模具中振动成型，得到成型砖半成品；
-将成型砖半成品表面流涂一层纳米陶瓷涂层，在110-200℃下保养、烘干3-5天，再在1600-1650℃下烧结12-18h成型。
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