CN110886094A - 一种纺织面料的负氧离子-蜂窝状微孔改性方法 - Google Patents
一种纺织面料的负氧离子-蜂窝状微孔改性方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种纺织面料的负氧离子‑蜂窝状微孔改性方法，生产工艺如下（1）蜂窝涤纶纤维的开孔工艺：向蜂窝涤纶纤维中加氢氧化钠溶液、渗透剂，煮练开孔后，依次用温水、净洗剂、冷水清洗，脱水，烘干；（2）电气石负氧离子粉体的包覆改性：将稀土‑偶联剂复合改性电气石负氧离子粉体分散在无水乙醇中，加吐温80搅拌得分散液A；将β‑环糊精溶于蒸馏水中，缓慢加到分散液A中，用冰醋酸调节溶液pH，搅拌反应后，静置，过滤、洗涤、低温真空干燥、研磨；（3）真空浸渍工艺：将包覆改性的电气石负氧离子粉体与聚乙二醇混匀得浸渍液，将开孔的蜂窝涤纶纤维在其中真空浸渍后，自然干燥至恒重，得到负氧离子‑蜂窝状微孔改性的纺织面料。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于纺织面料技术领域，具体涉及一种纺织面料的负氧离子-蜂窝状微孔改性方法。
背景技术
随着现代纺织技术不断发展和人们对生活需求的提升，服装的舒适性与功能性越来越受到消费者的重视。特别是在选购夏季服装时，让人穿着感到清凉、透气、舒爽不粘身的功能性服装越来越受到欢迎和青睐。普通涤纶（聚酯纤维）面料具有弹性好、挺括抗皱、保形性好，以及优良的洗可穿性和耐用性等性能，被广泛用于制作各类服装。但是由于聚酯纤维本身吸湿性差，穿着具有闷热粘体感，易产生静电，吸附灰尘和贴身，舒适性差等缺点。因此，对普通涤纶进行性能改进成为一种发展趋势，蜂巢微孔结构的改性聚酯纤维，成为了近年来纺织新材料行业的研究热点之一。 微孔改性涤纶是一种新型的功能性纤维，由其制成的面料具有优良的吸湿排汗、透气性、折皱弹性、不易起静电、穿着舒适等优点。
电气石因具有负氧离子释放性及红外辐射特性，被广泛应用于水污染处理、
功能纺织和室内涂料等众多领域，成为了一种重要的环境功能材料。电气石在大
部分领域应用时多以粉体形式存在，且通过改变粒径、选择锂电气石和镁电气石或稀土复合电气石可以提高应用性能。
发明内容
本发明的目的是针对现有问题，提供了一种纺织面料的负氧离子-蜂窝状微孔改性方法，按照本发明方法改性处理的纺织面料负氧离子释放量高，具有较好的耐水洗性能，抗起毛起球性能优异。
本发明是通过以下技术方案实现的：
一种纺织面料的负氧离子-蜂窝状微孔改性方法，具体生产工艺如下：
第一步：采用了物理与化学相结合的手段对蜂窝涤纶纤维进行开孔，使蜂窝涤纶纤维表面形成大量蜂巢状的微孔，较大地增加蜂窝涤纶纤维的表面积与空间结构，使蜂窝涤纶纤维在后续的工艺过程中具有较好的浸渍整理性能；蜂窝涤纶纤维的开孔工艺：向40-60份蜂窝涤纶纤维中按浴比1:10-15加入氢氧化钠溶液，再加入3-6份渗透剂，在120-130℃下煮练开孔40-60min后，用50-60℃的温水清洗20-30min，再用净洗剂在65-75℃下清洗30-40min后，用冷水清洗5-10min，脱水，烘干；
第二步：先利用稀土元素对电气石负氧离子粉体进行改性，通过共沉淀法经过高温煅烧制备稀土改性电气石负氧离子粉体，再将稀土改性电气石负氧离子粉体用硅烷偶联剂KH550进行改性，制得稀土-偶联剂复合改性电气石负氧离子粉体；稀土-偶联剂复合改性电气石负氧离子粉体的方法：将2.5-5份3000目电气石负氧离子粉体与水混合磁力搅拌1-2h，滴加3-6份质量浓度为6-9%的六水合硝酸铈水溶液，继续搅拌1-2h，滴加共沉淀剂氨水溶液调节pH为10，待完全沉淀后，过滤、离心、用氨水清洗、在70-75℃下干燥沉淀，以5-10℃/min的升温速率升温到600-610℃保温烧结5-6h，自然降温后，将稀土改性电气石负氧离子粉体加入0.05-0.1份硅烷偶联剂KH550中，进行改性处理1-2h后，得到稀土-偶联剂复合改性电气石负氧离子粉体；
再以稀土-偶联剂复合改性电气石负氧离子粉体为基材，以β-环糊精为包覆剂，进行包覆改性处理；稀土与电气石复合后使得负氧离子释放性能得到改善，稀土-偶联剂复合改性提高电气石的负氧离子释放量；电气石负氧离子粉体的包覆改性：将2.5-5份稀土-偶联剂复合改性电气石负氧离子粉体1:50分散在无水乙醇中，加入1g/L吐温80，在40-45℃下搅拌20-30min得分散液A；将5-10份β-环糊精1:100溶于蒸馏水中，在50-55℃条件下搅拌溶解，缓慢加入到分散液A中，用冰醋酸调节溶液pH为5，在50-55℃下搅拌反应1-2h后，在0-4℃下静置15-20h，过滤、洗涤、低温真空干燥、研磨；
第三步：最后将包覆改性电气石负氧离子粉体与聚乙二醇400混合制备成浸渍液，对开孔的蜂窝涤纶纤维进行真空浸渍处理，将浸渍之后的涤纶纤维进行干燥至恒重；偶联剂改性后的电气石负氧离子粉体有利于在聚乙二醇溶液中溶解，在浸渍液中引入电气石可提高浸渍纺织面料的功能性，负氧离子释放量大且稳定；真空浸渍工艺：将（2）中所得包覆改性的电气石负氧离子粉体与50-100份聚乙二醇400混合均匀制得浸渍液，将（1）中所得开孔的蜂窝涤纶纤维在其中真空浸渍20-30min后，取出，自然干燥至恒重，得到所述负氧离子-蜂窝状微孔改性的纺织面料。
进一步的，工艺步骤（1）中，氢氧化钠溶液的浓度为8-12g/L，渗透剂是指浓度为1-2g/L的渗透剂JFC，净洗剂是指浓度为1-2g/L的涤纶低聚物净洗剂。
本发明相比现有技术具有以下优点：
（1）采用了物理与化学相结合的手段对蜂窝涤纶纤维进行开孔，使蜂窝涤纶纤维表面形成大量蜂巢状的微孔，较大地增加蜂窝涤纶纤维的表面积与空间结构，使蜂窝涤纶纤维在后续的工艺过程中具有较好的浸渍整理性能；蜂窝涤纶纤维经过氢氧化钠开孔后，开孔溶蚀率高，开孔深度较好、开孔均匀性良好，然后再经浸渍整理工艺加工。
（2）先利用稀土元素对电气石负氧离子粉体进行改性，通过共沉淀法经过高温煅烧制备稀土改性电气石负氧离子粉体，再将稀土改性电气石负氧离子粉体用硅烷偶联剂KH550进行改性，制得稀土-偶联剂复合改性电气石负氧离子粉体；再以稀土-偶联剂复合改性电气石负氧离子粉体为基材，以β-环糊精为包覆剂，进行包覆改性处理；稀土与电气石复合后使得负氧离子释放性能得到改善，稀土-偶联剂复合改性提高电气石的负氧离子释放量。
（3）最后将包覆改性电气石负氧离子粉体与聚乙二醇400混合制备成浸渍液，对开孔的蜂窝涤纶纤维进行真空浸渍处理，将浸渍之后的涤纶纤维进行干燥至恒重；偶联剂改性后的电气石负氧离子粉体有利于在聚乙二醇溶液中溶解，在浸渍液中引入电气石可提高浸渍纺织面料的功能性，负氧离子释放量大且稳定。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施方法对本发明做进一步的说明。
实施例1
一种纺织面料的负氧离子-蜂窝状微孔改性方法，具体生产工艺如下：
第一步：蜂窝涤纶纤维的开孔工艺：向40份蜂窝涤纶纤维中按浴比1:10加入氢氧化钠溶液，再加入3份渗透剂，在120℃下煮练开孔60min后，用50℃的温水清洗30min，再用净洗剂在65℃下清洗40min后，用冷水清洗5min，脱水，烘干；
其中，氢氧化钠溶液的浓度为8g/L，渗透剂是指浓度为1g/L的渗透剂JFC，净洗剂是指浓度为1g/L的涤纶低聚物净洗剂；
第二步：稀土-偶联剂复合改性电气石负氧离子粉体的方法：将2.5份3000目电气石负氧离子粉体与水混合磁力搅拌1h，滴加3份质量浓度为6%的六水合硝酸铈水溶液，继续搅拌1h，滴加共沉淀剂氨水溶液调节pH为10，待完全沉淀后，过滤、离心、用氨水清洗、在70℃下干燥沉淀，以5℃/min的升温速率升温到600℃保温烧结6h，自然降温后，将稀土改性电气石负氧离子粉体加入0.05份硅烷偶联剂KH550中，进行改性处理1h后，得到稀土-偶联剂复合改性电气石负氧离子粉体；
电气石负氧离子粉体的包覆改性：将2.5份稀土-偶联剂复合改性电气石负氧离子粉体1:50分散在无水乙醇中，加入1g/L吐温80，在40℃下搅拌30min得分散液A；将5份β-环糊精1:100溶于蒸馏水中，在50℃条件下搅拌溶解，缓慢加入到分散液A中，用冰醋酸调节溶液pH为5，在50℃下搅拌反应2h后，在0℃下静置15h，过滤、洗涤、低温真空干燥、研磨；
第三步：真空浸渍工艺：将（2）中所得包覆改性的电气石负氧离子粉体与50份聚乙二醇400混合均匀制得浸渍液，将（1）中所得开孔的蜂窝涤纶纤维在其中真空浸渍20min后，取出，自然干燥至恒重，得到所述负氧离子-蜂窝状微孔改性的纺织面料。
改性的涤纶纤维织物负氧离子释放量为1989个/cm3，5次水洗后织物负氧离子释放量为1738，保持率为87.38%，具有较好的耐水洗性能。
实施例2
一种纺织面料的负氧离子-蜂窝状微孔改性方法，具体生产工艺如下：
第一步：蜂窝涤纶纤维的开孔工艺：向60份蜂窝涤纶纤维中按浴比1:15加入氢氧化钠溶液，再加入6份渗透剂，在130℃下煮练开孔40min后，用60℃的温水清洗20min，再用净洗剂在75℃下清洗30min后，用冷水清洗10min，脱水，烘干；
其中，氢氧化钠溶液的浓度为12g/L，渗透剂是指浓度为2g/L的渗透剂JFC，净洗剂是指浓度为2g/L的涤纶低聚物净洗剂；
第二步：稀土-偶联剂复合改性电气石负氧离子粉体的方法：将5份3000目电气石负氧离子粉体与水混合磁力搅拌2h，滴加6份质量浓度为9%的六水合硝酸铈水溶液，继续搅拌2h，滴加共沉淀剂氨水溶液调节pH为10，待完全沉淀后，过滤、离心、用氨水清洗、在75℃下干燥沉淀，以10℃/min的升温速率升温到610℃保温烧结5h，自然降温后，将稀土改性电气石负氧离子粉体加入0.1份硅烷偶联剂KH550中，进行改性处理2h后，得到稀土-偶联剂复合改性电气石负氧离子粉体；
电气石负氧离子粉体的包覆改性：将5份稀土-偶联剂复合改性电气石负氧离子粉体1:50分散在无水乙醇中，加入1g/L吐温80，在45℃下搅拌20min得分散液A；将10份β-环糊精1:100溶于蒸馏水中，在55℃条件下搅拌溶解，缓慢加入到分散液A中，用冰醋酸调节溶液pH为5，在55℃下搅拌反应1h后，在4℃下静置20h，过滤、洗涤、低温真空干燥、研磨；
第三步：真空浸渍工艺：将（2）中所得包覆改性的电气石负氧离子粉体与100份聚乙二醇400混合均匀制得浸渍液，将（1）中所得开孔的蜂窝涤纶纤维在其中真空浸渍30min后，取出，自然干燥至恒重，得到所述负氧离子-蜂窝状微孔改性的纺织面料。
改性的涤纶纤维织物负氧离子释放量为1994个/cm3，5次水洗后织物负氧离子释放量为1798，保持率为90.17%，具有较好的耐水洗性能。
负氧离子释放量：采用负氧离子测试仪和摩擦色牢度仪，利用自制的测试仓，构建一个相对封闭的负氧离子测试平台，在温度为（20±2）℃、相对湿度为（65±3）%的恒温恒湿室里进行测试；具体测试方法参照《FCL中国流行面料技术要求TM9纺织品负氧离子性能测试方法》；在1 min内取10次读数的平均值作为织物产生的平均负氧离子释放量，单位为个/cm3；
按照本发明实施例方法负氧离子-蜂窝状微孔改性的纺织面料，改性的涤纶纤维织物负氧离子释放量高，具有较好的耐水洗性能；蜂窝涤纶纤维经过氢氧化钠开孔后，开孔溶蚀率平均为15.1%，开孔后纤维断裂强度平均为3.09cN/dtex、纤维细度平均为1.45dtex，微孔平均长度为6-7um、深度较好、开孔均匀性良好，抗起毛起球指标达到4级（D法）。
以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例，并非因此限制本发明的专利范围，凡是利用本发明说明书内容所做的等效结构或等效流程变换，或直接或间接运用在其他相关的技术领域，均同理包括在本发明的专利保护范围内。
Claims (3)
1.一种纺织面料的负氧离子-蜂窝状微孔改性方法，其特征在于，具体生产工艺如下：
（1）蜂窝涤纶纤维的开孔工艺：
向40-60份蜂窝涤纶纤维中按浴比1:10-15加入氢氧化钠溶液，再加入3-6份渗透剂，在120-130℃下煮练开孔40-60min后，用50-60℃的温水清洗20-30min，再用净洗剂在65-75℃下清洗30-40min后，用冷水清洗5-10min，脱水，烘干；
电气石负氧离子粉体的包覆改性：
将2.5-5份稀土-偶联剂复合改性电气石负氧离子粉体1:50分散在无水乙醇中，加入1g/L吐温80，在40-45℃下搅拌20-30min得分散液A；将5-10份β-环糊精1:100溶于蒸馏水中，在50-55℃条件下搅拌溶解，缓慢加入到分散液A中，用冰醋酸调节溶液pH为5，在50-55℃下搅拌反应1-2h后，在0-4℃下静置15-20h，过滤、洗涤、低温真空干燥、研磨；
真空浸渍工艺：
将（2）中所得包覆改性的电气石负氧离子粉体与50-100份聚乙二醇400混合均匀制得浸渍液，将（1）中所得开孔的蜂窝涤纶纤维在其中真空浸渍20-30min后，取出，自然干燥至恒重，得到所述负氧离子-蜂窝状微孔改性的纺织面料。
2.如权利要求1所述的一种纺织面料的负氧离子-蜂窝状微孔改性方法，其特征在于，工艺步骤（1）中，氢氧化钠溶液的浓度为8-12g/L，渗透剂是指浓度为1-2g/L的渗透剂JFC，净洗剂是指浓度为1-2g/L的涤纶低聚物净洗剂。
3.如权利要求1所述的一种纺织面料的负氧离子-蜂窝状微孔改性方法，其特征在于，工艺步骤（2）中，稀土-偶联剂复合改性电气石负氧离子粉体的方法：
将2.5-5份3000目电气石负氧离子粉体与水混合磁力搅拌1-2h，滴加3-6份质量浓度为6-9%的六水合硝酸铈水溶液，继续搅拌1-2h，滴加共沉淀剂氨水溶液调节pH为10，待完全沉淀后，过滤、离心、用氨水清洗、在70-75℃下干燥沉淀，以5-10℃/min的升温速率升温到600-610℃保温烧结5-6h，自然降温后，将稀土改性电气石负氧离子粉体加入0.05-0.1份硅烷偶联剂KH550中，进行改性处理1-2h后，得到稀土-偶联剂复合改性电气石负氧离子粉体。
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| CN113445189A (zh) * | 2021-06-25 | 2021-09-28 | 广东智益纺织科技有限公司 | 一种易上色的针织面料及其生产方法 |
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| CN112442304B (zh) * | 2020-11-23 | 2021-08-31 | 成都市富百乐装饰材料实业有限公司 | 一种多功能生态负离子涂料及其制备方法 |
| CN113445189A (zh) * | 2021-06-25 | 2021-09-28 | 广东智益纺织科技有限公司 | 一种易上色的针织面料及其生产方法 |
| CN113445189B (zh) * | 2021-06-25 | 2022-07-15 | 广东智益纺织科技有限公司 | 一种易上色的针织面料及其生产方法 |
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