CN110883335A - Preparation method of integrated tungsten alloy lure - Google Patents
Preparation method of integrated tungsten alloy lure Download PDFInfo
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- CN110883335A CN110883335A CN201911073499.8A CN201911073499A CN110883335A CN 110883335 A CN110883335 A CN 110883335A CN 201911073499 A CN201911073499 A CN 201911073499A CN 110883335 A CN110883335 A CN 110883335A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/22—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces for producing castings from a slip
- B22F3/225—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces for producing castings from a slip by injection molding
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K85/00—Artificial bait for fishing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/10—Sintering only
- B22F3/1017—Multiple heating or additional steps
- B22F3/1021—Removal of binder or filler
- B22F3/1025—Removal of binder or filler not by heating only
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/04—Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
- C22C1/045—Alloys based on refractory metals
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C27/00—Alloys based on rhenium or a refractory metal not mentioned in groups C22C14/00 or C22C16/00
- C22C27/04—Alloys based on tungsten or molybdenum
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- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of an integrated tungsten alloy lure, which controls the size precision and the performance of a prepared sintered product by controlling the addition proportion of high-specific gravity alloy components, and the prepared integrated tungsten alloy lure is high in strength and environment-friendly. The preparation process of the invention does not produce any waste material, waste acid and other pollutants, and has no pollution; the invention adopts the injection molding method for one-step molding, does not need any machining in the later period, and has low cost and high product rate; the lure artificial bait prepared by the invention has the advantages of no lead, no pollution, high strength and good impact resistance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of material processing, and particularly relates to a preparation method of an integrated tungsten alloy lure.
Background
Luya is derived from the transliteration of Lure and is a baited fishing mode that induces a large fish attack by mimicking the movement of small organisms. In the whole fishing process, the fisher does whole-body movement, and meanwhile, the road sub-equipment is simple, clean and environment-friendly, and has great difference with the traditional fishing method.
Most lure in the market at present is made of a lead-containing part and other parts such as copper or stainless steel or iron or plastics, and the lure is integrally formed by heating and melting a lead ingot and then pouring and bonding the lead ingot with other parts. The lead-containing lure is sectional in production mode, the process is complicated, and the production cost is increased; meanwhile, the lead-containing material also causes environmental pollution in the production process, and the production workers easily cause the exceeding of blood lead due to the fact that the lead gas volatilized for a long time is inhaled by the production workers; meanwhile, the lead-containing lure is easy to fall into water due to bottom hanging in the fishing process, the water resource is seriously damaged after long-time accumulation, the reduction and even disappearance of fish in the water are caused, the balance of natural ecology is broken, the concept of ecological green development is not met, and the lead-containing lure needs to be improved.
The high specific gravity tungsten alloy has excellent performances of high density, high hardness, high strength, rust prevention, durability, no magnetism and the like, and can be used as an excellent material for replacing lead-containing lure. The commonly used tungsten alloy with high specific gravity comprises two series of tungsten-nickel-copper and tungsten-nickel-iron, CN107466981A discloses a preparation process of a tungsten alloy fishing sinker by powder injection, wherein tungsten-nickel-copper series is adopted, but because the tungsten-nickel-copper material has poor bending resistance, when baits are used for fishing, fishes are easy to break when swinging, and the service life of the lure is greatly shortened; CN101720745A discloses a tungsten-based fish pendant and a manufacturing process thereof, wherein the tungsten-based fish pendant is directly formed into a product by injection molding without relevant working procedures such as subsequent degreasing, sintering and the like, and the strength of the prepared fish pendant is weaker and lower than that of a sintered state. Meanwhile, because the high specific gravity tungsten alloy has the characteristic of difficult processing, the addition proportion of different alloy components causes different dimensional accuracy and performance of sintered products, so that the size accuracy and performance of the prepared sintered products need to be controlled by controlling the addition proportion of the high specific gravity alloy components, and a method for preparing the integrated tungsten alloy lure is developed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a preparation method of an integrated tungsten alloy lure.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a preparation method of the integrated tungsten alloy lure comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing tungsten powder, nickel powder and iron powder in a V-shaped mixer according to the mass ratio of 8-10: 0.2-1: 0.05-1 to obtain tungsten-nickel-iron alloy powder; the Fischer-Tropsch average particle size of the tungsten powder is 1.0-10.0 μm, the Fischer-Tropsch average particle size of the nickel powder is 2.0-10.0 μm, and the Fischer-Tropsch average particle size of the iron powder is 2.0-10.0 μm;
(2) mixing the tungsten-nickel-iron alloy powder and a wax-based forming agent according to the volume ratio of 2.5-4.2: 5.8-7.5, and banburying in an internal mixer to obtain a feed; the wax-based forming agent is prepared by mixing polypropylene and paraffin according to the mass ratio of 0.8-1.2: 0.8-1.2;
(3) crushing the feed by a crusher to obtain feed particles with uniform particles;
(4) placing the feeding particles in an injection molding machine, and performing injection molding at the temperature of 120-210 ℃ to obtain an injection green body;
(5) degreasing the injection green body in a solvent degreasing tank to obtain a solvent degreased body;
(6) degreasing the solvent degreased blank in a thermal degreasing furnace at the temperature of 300-620 ℃ for 4-13h to obtain a thermal degreased blank;
(7) and under the hydrogen atmosphere, heating the hot degreased blank to 1270-.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the mass ratio of the tungsten powder, the nickel powder and the iron powder is 8-9.7: 0.25-1: 0.05-1.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the volume ratio of the tungsten-nickel-iron alloy powder to the forming agent is 2.8-4.1: 5.9-7.2.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the temperature of the injection molding in the step (4) is 120-200 ℃.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the step (6) is: and degreasing the solvent degreased blank in a thermal degreasing furnace at the temperature of 300-600 ℃ for 5-12h to obtain a thermal degreased blank.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the step (7) is: and (3) under the hydrogen atmosphere, sintering the hot degreasing blank at 1300-1700 ℃ for 1-4h in a heat preservation manner to obtain the integrated tungsten alloy lure.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the preparation process of the invention does not produce any waste material, waste acid and other pollutants, and has no pollution;
2. the invention adopts the injection molding method for one-step molding, does not need any machining in the later period, and has low cost and high product rate;
3. the lure artificial bait prepared by the method is lead-free and pollution-free.
4. The lure artificial bait prepared by the invention has high strength and good impact resistance.
5. The equipment related by the invention is easy to manufacture and purchase, and is easy to realize batch production.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the integrated tungsten alloy lure according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a fracture morphology chart of the integrated tungsten alloy lure according to the embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a test tool for testing tensile strength in a tensile test in the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention will be further illustrated and described below with reference to the accompanying drawings by means of specific embodiments.
Example 1
(1) Weighing tungsten powder with the Fisher average particle size of 2.5 mu m, nickel powder with the Fisher average particle size of 3 mu m and iron powder with the Fisher average particle size of 6 mu m according to the mass ratio of 9.7: 0.25: 0.05, and mixing in a V-shaped mixer to obtain tungsten-nickel-iron alloy powder;
(2) mixing the tungsten-nickel-iron alloy powder and a wax-based forming agent (prepared by mixing polypropylene and paraffin according to the weight ratio of 1: 1) in an internal mixer according to the volume ratio of 2.8: 7.2 to obtain a feed; (3) crushing the feed by a crusher to obtain feed particles with uniform particles;
(4) putting the feeding particles into an injection molding machine, and performing injection molding on an injection green body at the injection temperature of 200 ℃;
(5) placing the injection green body in a solvent degreasing tank containing solvent dichloromethane for degreasing to obtain a solvent degreased blank; only soaking in solvent, and performing subsequent multiple presintering and sintering without residue. (6) Placing the solvent degreasing blank in a thermal degreasing furnace, and thermally degreasing for 5 hours at 600 ℃ to obtain a thermal degreasing blank;
(7) placing the hot degreased blank in a hydrogen sintering furnace, heating to 1700 ℃ at the heating rate of 3 ℃/min, and preserving heat for 1h to obtain the integrated tungsten alloy lure;
fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the prepared integrated tungsten alloy lure. Fracture morphology analysis is carried out on the prepared integrated tungsten alloy lure, and the fracture morphology of the integrated tungsten alloy lure shown in figure 2 is known from the following figure 2: the prepared integrated tungsten alloy lure is uniform in internal organization structure, and the fracture mode is along-crystal fracture and transgranular fracture, which fully shows that the prepared integrated tungsten alloy lure has high strength and certain toughness. The integrated tungsten alloy lure and a comparative lure product which has the same proportion and is directly injection-molded without subsequent degreasing and sintering are respectively subjected to tensile test for testing tensile strength, the testing tool is shown in figure 3, the lure fishing process is simulated, the upper part of the testing tool is fixed, the bottom of the testing tool is provided with tensile force, when the tensile force applied to the bottom is 490N, the prepared integrated tungsten alloy lure has no deformation and fine scratches, namely the prepared integrated tungsten alloy lure can bear more than 50kg of big fish without breaking in the fishing process, meanwhile, the process that the prepared integrated tungsten alloy lure fishes 50kg of big fish and shakes off in a frightened swinging manner is simulated, and the integrated tungsten alloy lure is found to have no deformation and fine scratches in the swinging process; when the tensile force applied by the testing tool is only 49N, the comparative artificial bait product which is directly formed by injection molding and is not subjected to subsequent degreasing and sintering is directly broken, namely the comparative artificial bait product is broken and falls into water when fishing 5kg of fish, and the fish escapes; the comprehensive results fully show that the prepared integrated tungsten alloy lure has high strength and good impact resistance, and the comparative lure product which is directly injection-molded without subsequent degreasing and sintering has weaker strength and is far lower than the sintered lure product, so that the requirements of the lure for fishing big fish can not be met.
The integrated tungsten alloy lure prepared in the embodiment was sampled and tested, 100 pieces were sampled and tested for length, and the precision of the tested length was ± 0.05 mm.
Example 2
(1) Weighing tungsten powder with the Fisher average particle size of 4 mu m, nickel powder with the Fisher average particle size of 5 mu m and iron powder with the Fisher average particle size of 8 mu m according to the mass ratio of 8.5: 0.9: 0.6, and mixing in a V-shaped mixer to obtain tungsten-nickel-iron alloy powder;
(2) mixing the tungsten-nickel-iron alloy powder and a wax-based forming agent (prepared by mixing polypropylene and paraffin according to the weight ratio of 1: 1) in an internal mixer according to the volume ratio of 3.5: 6.5 to obtain a feed;
(3) crushing the feed by a crusher to obtain feed particles with uniform particles;
(4) placing the feed particles into an injection molding machine, and performing injection molding on an injection green body at the injection temperature of 150 ℃;
(5) placing the injection green body in a solvent degreasing tank containing solvent dichloromethane for degreasing to obtain a solvent degreased blank;
(6) placing the solvent degreasing blank in a thermal degreasing furnace, and thermally degreasing for 8 hours at 500 ℃ to obtain a thermal degreasing blank;
(7) and (3) placing the thermal degreasing furnace in a hydrogen sintering furnace, heating to 1500 ℃ at the heating rate of 3 ℃/min, and preserving heat for 2.5 hours to obtain the integrated tungsten alloy lure.
The integrated tungsten alloy lure artificial bait prepared in the embodiment and a comparative lure product which has the same proportion as the integrated tungsten alloy lure artificial bait prepared in the embodiment and is directly injection-molded without subsequent degreasing and sintering are respectively subjected to a tensile test for testing the tensile strength, the testing tool is shown in fig. 3, the lure artificial bait fishing process is simulated, the upper part of the testing tool is fixed, the bottom of the testing tool is provided with a tensile force, and when the tensile force applied to the bottom is 490N, the prepared integrated tungsten alloy lure artificial bait is free from any deformation and fine scratches, namely the prepared integrated tungsten alloy lure artificial bait can bear more than 50kg of big fish without fracture in the fishing process, and meanwhile, the process that the prepared integrated tungsten alloy lure artificial bait is used for fishing 50kg of big fish and the fish is threatened to swing and shake off is simulated, and the integrated tungsten alloy lure artificial bait is found to be free from any deformation and fine scratches in the swinging process; when the tensile force applied by the test tool is only 49N, the comparative artificial bait product which is directly injection-molded and is not subjected to subsequent degreasing sintering is directly broken, namely the comparative artificial bait product which is directly injection-molded and is not subjected to subsequent degreasing sintering is broken and falls into water when fishing 5kg of fish, and the fish escapes; the comprehensive results fully show that the prepared integrated tungsten alloy lure has high strength and good impact resistance, and the comparative lure product which is directly injection-molded without subsequent degreasing and sintering has weaker strength and is far lower than the sintered lure product, so that the requirements of the lure for fishing big fish can not be met.
The integrated tungsten alloy lure prepared in the embodiment was sampled and tested, 100 pieces were sampled and tested for length, and the precision of the tested length was ± 0.05 mm.
Example 3
(1) Weighing tungsten powder with the Fisher average particle size of 8 mu m, nickel powder with the Fisher average particle size of 6 mu m and iron powder with the Fisher average particle size of 4 mu m according to the mass ratio of 8.0: 1.0, and mixing in a V-shaped mixer to obtain tungsten-nickel-iron alloy powder;
(2) mixing the tungsten-nickel-iron alloy powder and a wax-based forming agent (prepared by mixing polypropylene and paraffin according to the weight ratio of 1: 1) in an internal mixer according to the volume ratio of 4.1: 5.9 to obtain a feed;
(3) crushing the feed by a crusher to obtain feed particles with uniform particles;
(4) placing the feed particles into an injection molding machine, and performing injection molding on an injection green body at the injection temperature of 120 ℃;
(5) placing the injection green body in a solvent degreasing tank containing solvent dichloromethane for degreasing to obtain a solvent degreased blank;
(6) placing the solvent degreasing blank in a thermal degreasing furnace, and thermally degreasing for 12 hours at the temperature of 300 ℃ to obtain a thermal degreasing blank;
(7) and (3) placing the thermal degreasing furnace in a hydrogen sintering furnace, heating to 1300 ℃ at the heating rate of 3 ℃/min, and preserving heat for 4h to obtain the integrated tungsten alloy lure.
The integrated tungsten alloy lure artificial bait prepared in the embodiment and a comparative lure product which is directly injection-molded in the same proportion and has no subsequent degreasing and sintering are respectively subjected to tensile test for testing tensile strength, the testing tool is shown in fig. 3, the lure artificial bait fishing process is simulated, the upper part of the testing tool is fixed, the bottom of the testing tool is provided with a tensile force, when the tensile force applied to the bottom is 490N, the prepared integrated tungsten alloy lure artificial bait has no deformation and fine scratches, namely the prepared integrated tungsten alloy lure artificial bait can bear more than 50kg of big fish in the fishing process without fracture, and meanwhile, the process that the prepared integrated tungsten alloy lure artificial bait fishing 50kg of big fish and fish shake off due to frightened swing is simulated, and the integrated tungsten alloy lure artificial bait is found to have no deformation and no fine scratches in the swinging process; when the tensile force applied by the test tool is only 49N, the comparative artificial bait product which is directly injection-molded and is not subjected to subsequent degreasing sintering is directly broken, namely the comparative artificial bait product which is directly injection-molded and is not subjected to subsequent degreasing sintering is broken and falls into water when fishing 5kg of fish, and the fish escapes; the comprehensive results fully show that the prepared integrated tungsten alloy lure has high strength and good impact resistance, and the comparative lure product which is directly injection-molded without subsequent degreasing and sintering has weaker strength and is far lower than the sintered lure product, so that the requirements of the lure for fishing big fish can not be met.
The integrated tungsten alloy lure prepared in the embodiment was sampled and tested, 100 pieces were sampled and tested for length, and the precision of the tested length was ± 0.05 mm.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and therefore should not be taken as limiting the scope of the invention, which is defined by the appended claims.
Claims (6)
1. The preparation method of the integrated tungsten alloy lure is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing tungsten powder, nickel powder and iron powder in a V-shaped mixer according to the mass ratio of 8-10: 0.2-1: 0.05-1 to obtain tungsten-nickel-iron alloy powder; the Fischer-Tropsch average particle size of the tungsten powder is 1.0-10.0 μm, the Fischer-Tropsch average particle size of the nickel powder is 2.0-10.0 μm, and the Fischer-Tropsch average particle size of the iron powder is 2.0-10.0 μm;
(2) mixing the tungsten-nickel-iron alloy powder and a wax-based forming agent according to the volume ratio of 2.5-4.2: 5.8-7.5, and banburying in an internal mixer to obtain a feed; the wax-based forming agent is prepared by mixing polypropylene and paraffin according to the mass ratio of 0.8-1.2: 0.8-1.2;
(3) crushing the feed by a crusher to obtain feed particles with uniform particles;
(4) placing the feeding particles in an injection molding machine, and performing injection molding at the temperature of 120-210 ℃ to obtain an injection green body;
(5) degreasing the injection green body in a solvent degreasing tank to obtain a solvent degreased body;
(6) degreasing the solvent degreased blank in a thermal degreasing furnace at the temperature of 300-620 ℃ for 4-13h to obtain a thermal degreased blank;
(7) and under the hydrogen atmosphere, heating the hot degreased blank to 1270-.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein: the mass ratio of the tungsten powder, the nickel powder and the iron powder is 8-9.7: 0.25-1: 0.05-1.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein: the volume ratio of the tungsten nickel iron alloy powder to the forming agent is 2.8-4.1: 5.9-7.2.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein: the temperature of the injection molding in the step (4) is 120-200 ℃.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein: the step (6) is as follows: and degreasing the solvent degreased blank in a thermal degreasing furnace at the temperature of 300-600 ℃ for 5-12h to obtain a thermal degreased blank.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein: the step (7) is as follows: and (3) under the hydrogen atmosphere, sintering the hot degreasing blank at 1300-1700 ℃ for 1-4h in a heat preservation manner to obtain the integrated tungsten alloy lure.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112548101A (en) * | 2020-11-18 | 2021-03-26 | 广州市华司特合金制品有限公司 | Integrally-formed tungsten alloy bionic fish bait body and preparation process thereof |
| CN113426997A (en) * | 2021-06-11 | 2021-09-24 | 西安交通大学 | High-specific-gravity tungsten-nickel-iron alloy and laser additive manufacturing method thereof |
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| CN112548101A (en) * | 2020-11-18 | 2021-03-26 | 广州市华司特合金制品有限公司 | Integrally-formed tungsten alloy bionic fish bait body and preparation process thereof |
| WO2022105331A1 (en) * | 2020-11-18 | 2022-05-27 | 广州市华司特合金制品有限公司 | Integrally-formed tungsten alloy bionic bait body and preparation process therefor |
| CN113426997A (en) * | 2021-06-11 | 2021-09-24 | 西安交通大学 | High-specific-gravity tungsten-nickel-iron alloy and laser additive manufacturing method thereof |
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