CN110951989B - High-strength and high-toughness copper-zinc-aluminum shape memory alloy and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
High-strength and high-toughness copper-zinc-aluminum shape memory alloy and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of shape memory alloys, in particular to a high-strength and high-toughness copper-zinc-aluminum shape memory alloy and a preparation method thereof. The invention provides a preparation method of a high-strength and high-toughness copper-zinc-aluminum shape memory alloy, which further refines alloy grains through twice smelting and cryogenic treatment, and enables the copper-zinc-aluminum shape memory alloy to obtain better toughness and plasticity through the cooperation of other preparation processes, thereby improving the cold and hot fatigue performance of the alloy; in the invention, the Cu-10RE intermediate alloy is a refiner, and the added composite rare earth elements can react with harmful impurities to generate high-melting-point products which float out of the surface of the solution when standing, and react with other alloy elements to generate intercrystalline products which play a role of heterogeneous crystal nucleus at the initial stage of alloy solidification and mechanically hinder the growth of crystal grains at the later stage of solidification, thereby being beneficial to refining the crystal grains and improving the cold and hot fatigue properties of the alloy.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of shape memory alloys, in particular to a high-strength and high-toughness copper-zinc-aluminum shape memory alloy and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Shape memory alloys are a special and novel functional material that can be made to exhibit three main properties by appropriate adjustment of the composition and control of the heat treatment process: (1) a shape memory effect; (2) super-elasticity; (3) high damping capacity. The three characteristics are utilized to lead the shape memory alloy to have a plurality of purposes in industry, and the copper-based shape memory alloy has wide application prospect, and crystal grains are easy to coarsen in the process of solution treatment, so that the copper-based shape memory alloy has poor ductility and short fatigue life, and is easy to generate crystal fracture in the using process. In order to improve the ductility of copper-based shape memory alloys, inhibit grain boundary damage and prolong fatigue life, a great deal of work is done on the grain refinement of copper-zinc-aluminum alloys. The basic principle of grain refinement is to increase the nucleation rate and slow down the grain growth rate, so that one or more elements with low solubility or capable of forming fine compounds with some elements in the alloy can be added into the copper-based shape memory alloy, so as to promote the formation of fine equiaxial crystals in the solidification process or prevent the grain growth in the hot working and heat treatment processes.
Chinese patent CN201310345218.6 discloses a composite rare earth modifier capable of improving the comprehensive performance of a copper-zinc-aluminum memory alloy, wherein the wear resistance, tensile strength, elongation and hardness of the copper-zinc-aluminum alloy are improved by adding 0.2-1.2 wt.% of composite rare earth refined modifier into the alloy, but the copper-zinc-aluminum memory alloy prepared by the method has poor cold and hot fatigue performance.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a preparation method of a high-toughness copper-zinc-aluminum shape memory alloy, which can obviously improve the cold and hot fatigue properties of the alloy.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
the invention provides a preparation method of a high-strength and high-toughness copper-zinc-aluminum shape memory alloy, which comprises the following steps:
(1) carrying out first smelting on a raw material of copper-zinc-aluminum alloy to obtain a basic alloy liquid;
(2) mixing and melting the basic alloy liquid obtained in the step (1) and a Cu-10RE intermediate alloy to obtain a target alloy melt; the Cu-10RE intermediate alloy comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: la 7-8%, Y2-3%, less than 1% of other rare earth elements, and the balance of Cu;
(3) casting the target alloy melt in the step (2) to obtain an ingot;
(4) carrying out second smelting on the cast ingot in the step (3) to obtain an as-cast alloy blank;
(5) carrying out heat preservation treatment on the as-cast alloy blank obtained in the step (4) and then deforming to obtain a densified alloy blank;
(6) and (4) sequentially carrying out subzero treatment and aging treatment on the densified alloy blank obtained in the step (5) to obtain the high-strength and high-toughness copper-zinc-aluminum shape memory alloy.
Preferably, the chemical compositions of the copper-zinc-aluminum alloy raw material are as follows by mass: zn 25-26.3%, Al 2.8-3.6%, Mn 0.9-1.1%, Ni 0.8-1.1%, Zr 0.45-0.55%, and the balance of Cu.
Preferably, the first melting in the step (1) is magnetic suspension vacuum melting, and the temperature of the first melting is 1020-1060 ℃.
Preferably, the content of the rare earth element in the Cu-10RE intermediate alloy is 0.05-0.09% of the mass of the basic alloy liquid.
Preferably, the temperature of the mixing and melting in the step (2) is 1020-1040 ℃.
Preferably, the second melting in the step (4) is magnetic suspension vacuum melting, and the temperature of the second melting is 1020-1060 ℃; the number of the second smelting is 2-3.
Preferably, the heat preservation treatment in the step (5) is carried out under vacuum condition, and the vacuum degree is higher than 10-2Pa; the temperature of the heat preservation treatment is 800-810 ℃, and the time is 10-12 h.
Preferably, the cryogenic treatment of step (6) is a liquid nitrogen treatment; the time of the subzero treatment is 3-5 h.
Preferably, the aging treatment in the step (6) comprises primary aging treatment and secondary aging treatment which are sequentially carried out, wherein the temperature of the primary aging treatment is 150-170 ℃, and the time is 0.3-0.5 h; the temperature of the secondary aging treatment is 80-90 ℃, and the time is 0.5-1 h.
The invention provides a high-strength and high-toughness copper-zinc-aluminum shape memory alloy which is prepared by adopting the preparation method of any one of the technical schemes.
The invention provides a preparation method of a high-strength and high-toughness copper-zinc-aluminum shape memory alloy, which comprises the following steps: carrying out first smelting on a raw material of copper-zinc-aluminum alloy to obtain a basic alloy liquid; mixing and melting the basic alloy liquid and the Cu-10RE intermediate alloy to obtain a target alloy melt; the Cu-10RE intermediate alloy comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: 7-8% of La, 2-3% of Y, less than 1% of other rare earth elements and the balance of Cu; casting the target alloy melt to obtain an ingot; performing second smelting on the cast ingot to obtain an as-cast alloy blank; carrying out heat preservation treatment on the as-cast alloy blank and then deforming to obtain a densified alloy blank; and sequentially carrying out subzero treatment and aging treatment on the densified alloy blank to obtain the high-strength and high-toughness copper-zinc-aluminum shape memory alloy. The invention further refines the crystal grains of the alloy through twice smelting and cryogenic treatment, and leads the copper-zinc-aluminum shape memory alloy to obtain better toughness and plasticity and improve the cold and hot fatigue performance of the alloy through the cooperation of other preparation processes; in the invention, the Cu-10RE intermediate alloy is a refiner, and the added composite rare earth elements can react with harmful impurities to generate high-melting-point products which float out of the surface of the solution when standing, and react with other alloy elements to generate intercrystalline products which play a role of heterogeneous crystal nucleus at the initial stage of alloy solidification and mechanically hinder the growth of crystal grains at the later stage of solidification, thereby being beneficial to refining the crystal grains and improving the cold and hot fatigue properties of the alloy.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows the results of the cold and hot fatigue property test at 20 to 300 ℃ in examples 1 to 4, comparative example 1 and comparative example 2;
FIG. 2 shows the results of the cold and hot fatigue property test at 20 to 400 ℃ in examples 1 to 4, comparative example 1 and comparative example 2;
FIG. 3 shows the results of the cold and hot fatigue property test at 20 to 500 ℃ in examples 1 to 4, comparative example 1 and comparative example 2.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a preparation method of a high-strength and high-toughness copper-zinc-aluminum shape memory alloy, which comprises the following steps:
(1) carrying out first smelting on a raw material of copper-zinc-aluminum alloy to obtain a basic alloy liquid;
(2) mixing and melting the basic alloy liquid obtained in the step (1) and a Cu-10RE intermediate alloy to obtain a target alloy melt; the Cu-10RE intermediate alloy comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: la 7-8%, Y2-3%, less than 1% of other rare earth elements, and the balance of Cu;
(3) casting the target alloy melt in the step (2) to obtain an ingot;
(4) carrying out second smelting on the cast ingot in the step (3) to obtain an as-cast alloy blank;
(5) carrying out heat preservation treatment on the as-cast alloy blank obtained in the step (4) and then deforming to obtain a densified alloy blank;
(6) and (4) sequentially carrying out subzero treatment and aging treatment on the densified alloy blank obtained in the step (5) to obtain the high-strength and high-toughness copper-zinc-aluminum shape memory alloy.
The method comprises the steps of carrying out first smelting on raw materials of copper-zinc-aluminum alloy to obtain basic alloy liquid. In the invention, the chemical composition of the copper-zinc-aluminum alloy raw material is preferably as follows by mass content: 25-26.3% of Zn, 2.8-3.6% of Al, 0.9-1.1% of Mn, 0.8-1.1% of Ni, 0.45-0.55% of Zr, and the balance of Cu and inevitable impurities.
The copper-zinc-aluminum alloy raw material provided by the invention comprises 25-26.3% of Zn by mass, preferably 25.5-25.8%; including Al 2.8-3.6%, preferably 3.0-3.3%. In the present invention, Zn and Al are base elements of the alloy.
The copper-zinc-aluminum alloy raw material provided by the invention comprises 0.9-1.1% of Mn by mass, and preferably 1.0-1.1%. In the invention, Mn can reduce the phase transition temperature and refine crystal grains.
The copper-zinc-aluminum alloy raw material provided by the invention comprises 0.8-1.1% of Ni, preferably 0.9-1.0% of Ni by mass. In the invention, the Ni element can improve the mechanical property of the alloy, and meanwhile, because the Ni element is slowly diffused in the copper-based alloy and has little influence on the diffusion speed of other alloy elements, the addition of the Ni element does not influence the order degree, the vacancy concentration and the alloy element concentration of the alloy in the process of moving the martensite interface of the alloy.
The copper-zinc-aluminum alloy raw material provided by the invention comprises 0.45-0.55% of Zr by mass, and preferably 0.49-0.52% of Zr by mass. In the invention, Zr can refine crystal grains, remarkably improve the fracture stress and the fracture strain of the alloy and effectively inhibit the generation of intergranular fracture; meanwhile, the addition of Zr also increases the recoverable strain of the alloy from 4% to 6%, and improves the shape memory property of the alloy.
The copper-zinc-aluminum alloy raw material provided by the invention comprises the elements and the balance of Cu and inevitable impurities according to the mass content.
The specific source of the copper-zinc-aluminum alloy raw material is not particularly limited in the present invention, and the alloy raw material known to those skilled in the art is adopted to obtain the copper-zinc-aluminum alloy raw material with the target composition. In the present invention, the Cu-Zn-Al alloy raw material preferably includes an alloy or a pure metal having a purity higher than industrial purity, and particularly preferably Cu-5Ni, Cu-10Mn, Cu-5Zr, pure Cu, pure Zn and pure Al. The invention has no special limit on the proportion of the various alloy raw materials, and the final alloy components can meet the requirements.
In the present invention, the first melting is preferably magnetic levitation vacuum melting, which can prevent interference of impurities in the container and air. In the present invention, the degree of vacuum in the first melting process is preferably higher than 10-3Pa, more preferably 10-4Pa; the first smelting temperature is preferably 1020-1060 ℃, and more preferably 1030-1050 ℃. In the invention, stirring is preferably carried out in the smelting process, so that the uniformity of the melt is improved.
After the basic alloy liquid is obtained, the basic alloy liquid and the Cu-10RE intermediate alloy are mixed and melted to obtain the target alloy melt. In the invention, the chemical compositions of the Cu-10RE intermediate alloy are as follows by mass content: 7-8% of La, 2-3% of Y, less than 1% of other rare earth elements and the balance of Cu. In the invention, the content of the rare earth element in the Cu-10RE intermediate alloy is preferably 0.05-0.09% of the mass of the basic alloy liquid, and more preferably 0.06-0.08%. In the invention, the mixing and melting temperature is preferably 1020-1040 ℃, and more preferably 1020-1030 ℃. The method provided by the invention comprises the steps of firstly smelting the copper-zinc-aluminum alloy, then adding the Cu-10RE intermediate alloy, and utilizing the supercooling effect generated by adding the rare earth elements to improve the alloy structure, refine crystal grains and improve the comprehensive mechanical property and fatigue property.
After the target alloy melt is obtained, the target alloy melt is cast to obtain an ingot. The present invention is not limited to a specific process for casting, and a casting process known to those skilled in the art may be used. In the present invention, the ingot is preferably a rod having a diameter of 15mm and a length of 20 mm. According to the invention, before casting, the target alloy melt is subjected to slag skimming and filtering to remove impurities in the alloy liquid.
After the ingot is obtained, the ingot is subjected to second melting to obtain an as-cast alloy blank. In the invention, the second smelting is preferably magnetic suspension vacuum smelting, and the vacuum degree in the second smelting process is preferably higher than 10-3Pa; the second smelting temperature is preferably 1020-1060 ℃, and more preferably 1030-1050 ℃; the number of times of the second smelting is preferably 2-3, and the method can improve the uniformity of the components of the alloy through repeated smelting.
After the as-cast alloy blank is obtained, the as-cast alloy blank is deformed after heat preservation treatment to obtain a densified alloy blank. In the present invention, the heat-insulating treatment is preferably performed under vacuum, and the degree of vacuum is preferably higher than 10-2Pa, more preferably 10-3Pa; the temperature of the heat preservation treatment is preferably 800-810 ℃; the time is preferably 10-12 h, and more preferably 12 h. The invention can promote the further homogenization of the alloy components, improve the structure and improve the comprehensive performance of the alloy through heat preservation treatment. The invention preferably carries out furnace cooling after the heat preservation treatment and then carries out deformation.
In the present invention, the deformation is preferably forging deformation, the deformation amount is preferably 50 to 70%, and the density of the densified alloy blank obtained after forging deformation is preferably 6.73 to 6.77g/cm3。
After the densified alloy billet is obtained, the invention sequentially carries out subzero treatment and aging treatment on the densified alloy billet to obtain the high-strength and high-toughness copper-zinc-aluminum shape memory alloy. In the present invention, the cryogenic treatment is preferably a liquid nitrogen treatment; the time of the cryogenic treatment is preferably 3-5 h, and more preferably 5 h. The invention can improve the structure, refine the crystal grains and improve the comprehensive performance and the cold and hot fatigue performance of the alloy through the cryogenic treatment.
In the invention, the aging treatment preferably comprises primary aging treatment and secondary aging treatment which are sequentially carried out, wherein the temperature of the primary aging treatment is preferably 150-170 ℃, and more preferably 160-170 ℃; the time is preferably 0.3-0.5 h, and more preferably 0.5 h; the temperature of the secondary aging treatment is preferably 80-90 ℃, and more preferably 90 ℃; the time is preferably 0.5 to 1 hour, and more preferably 1 hour. The invention can strengthen the alloy by adopting two-stage aging treatment.
The invention provides a high-strength and high-toughness copper-zinc-aluminum shape memory alloy which is prepared by adopting the preparation method of any one of the technical schemes. The copper-zinc-aluminum shape memory alloy prepared by the method has higher toughness and plasticity, and obtains excellent cold and hot fatigue performance. The embodiment results show that the high-strength and high-toughness copper-zinc-aluminum shape memory alloy provided by the invention has higher cold and hot fatigue performance at 20-300 ℃, 20-400 ℃ and 20-500 ℃, and is beneficial to prolonging the service life of the copper-zinc-aluminum shape memory alloy.
The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention, and not restrictive of the full scope of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
Mixing Cu-5Ni, Cu-10Mn, Cu-5Zr, pure Cu, pure Zn and pure Al to obtain a copper-zinc-aluminum alloy raw material, wherein the specific chemical components comprise 25.8% of Zn, 3.2% of Al, 0.9% of Mn, 1.0% of Ni, 0.46% of Zr, and the balance of Cu and inevitable impurities;
putting the copper-zinc-aluminum alloy raw material into magnetic suspension vacuum melting equipment, wherein the vacuum degree is 10-2Pa, melting at 1050 ℃ and then uniformly stirring to obtain a basic alloy liquid;
cooling the basic alloy liquid to 1030 ℃, adding a Cu-10RE intermediate alloy, and uniformly stirring after the Cu-10RE intermediate alloy is melted to obtain a target alloy melt;
slagging off and filtering the target alloy melt, and then casting to obtain an ingot;
repeatedly smelting the cast ingot for 2-3 times by using magnetic suspension vacuum smelting equipment to obtain an as-cast alloy blank with the vacuum degree of 10-2Pa, the smelting temperature is 1020 ℃;
placing the as-cast alloy blank in vacuum heat treatment equipment at 800 ℃ for heat preservation for 12 hours and then cooling along with the furnace; then forging to obtain a densified alloy blank;
placing the densified alloy blank in liquid nitrogen for treatment for 3 hours; then carrying out two-stage aging treatment to obtain the high-strength and high-toughness copper-zinc-aluminum shape memory alloy; the two-stage aging treatment specifically comprises the following steps: firstly, preserving heat for 0.3h in oil at 150 ℃; then the temperature is kept for 0.5h in water at 80 ℃.
Example 2
Mixing Cu-5Ni, Cu-10Mn, Cu-5Zr, pure Cu, pure Zn and pure Al to obtain the Cu-Zn-Al alloy raw material, wherein the specific chemical components comprise 25.3% of Zn, 3.5% of Al, 1.0% of Mn, 0.9% of Ni, 0.49% of Zr, and the balance of Cu and inevitable impurities. (ii) a
Putting the copper-zinc-aluminum alloy raw material into magnetic suspension vacuum melting equipment, wherein the vacuum degree is 10-3Pa, melting at 1050 ℃ and then uniformly stirring to obtain a basic alloy liquid;
cooling the basic alloy liquid to 1030 ℃, adding a Cu-10RE intermediate alloy, and uniformly stirring after the Cu-10RE intermediate alloy is melted to obtain a target alloy melt;
slagging off and filtering the target alloy melt, and then casting to obtain an ingot;
repeatedly smelting the cast ingot for 2-3 times by using magnetic suspension vacuum smelting equipment to obtain an as-cast alloy blank with the vacuum degree of 10-3Pa, the smelting temperature is 1030 ℃;
placing the as-cast alloy blank in vacuum heat treatment equipment at 800 ℃ for heat preservation for 12 hours and then cooling along with the furnace; then forging to obtain a densified alloy blank;
placing the densified alloy blank in liquid nitrogen for treatment for 4 hours; then carrying out two-stage aging treatment to obtain the high-strength and high-toughness copper-zinc-aluminum shape memory alloy; the two-stage aging treatment specifically comprises the following steps: firstly, preserving heat for 0.3h in oil at 160 ℃; then the temperature is kept for 0.6h in water at 90 ℃.
Example 3
Mixing Cu-5Ni, Cu-10Mn, Cu-5Zr, pure Cu, pure Zn and pure Al to obtain the Cu-Zn-Al alloy raw material, wherein the specific chemical components comprise 26.1% of Zn, 3.1% of Al, 1.0% of Mn, 1.1% of Ni, 0.50% of Zr, and the balance of Cu and inevitable impurities. (ii) a
Putting the copper-zinc-aluminum alloy raw material into magnetic suspension vacuum melting equipment, wherein the vacuum degree is 10-3Pa, melting at 1050 ℃ and then uniformly stirring to obtain a basic alloy liquid;
cooling the basic alloy liquid to 1040 ℃, adding a Cu-10RE intermediate alloy, and uniformly stirring after the Cu-10RE intermediate alloy is melted to obtain a target alloy melt;
slagging off and filtering the target alloy melt, and then casting to obtain an ingot;
repeatedly smelting the cast ingot for 2 times by using magnetic suspension vacuum smelting equipment to obtain an as-cast alloy blank with the vacuum degree of 10-2Pa, the smelting temperature is 1020 ℃;
placing the as-cast alloy blank in vacuum heat treatment equipment at 800 ℃ for heat preservation for 10 hours and then cooling along with the furnace; then forging to obtain a densified alloy blank;
placing the densified alloy blank in liquid nitrogen for treatment for 3 hours; then carrying out two-stage aging treatment to obtain the high-strength and high-toughness copper-zinc-aluminum shape memory alloy; the two-stage aging treatment specifically comprises the following steps: firstly, preserving heat for 0.3h in oil at 150 ℃; then the temperature is kept for 0.5h in water at 80 ℃.
Example 4
Mixing Cu-5Ni, Cu-10Mn, Cu-5Zr, pure Cu, pure Zn and pure Al to obtain the Cu-Zn-Al alloy raw material, wherein the specific chemical components comprise 25.9% of Zn, 3.2% of Al, 0.9% of Mn, 1.1% of Ni, 0.52% of Zr, and the balance of Cu and inevitable impurities. (ii) a
Putting the copper-zinc-aluminum alloy raw material into magnetic suspension vacuum melting equipment, wherein the vacuum degree is 10-3Pa, melting at 1040 ℃, and then uniformly stirring to obtain a basic alloy liquid;
cooling the basic alloy liquid to 1030 ℃, adding a Cu-10RE intermediate alloy, and uniformly stirring after the Cu-10RE intermediate alloy is melted to obtain a target alloy melt;
slagging off and filtering the target alloy melt, and then casting to obtain an ingot;
repeatedly smelting the cast ingot for 2-3 times by using magnetic suspension vacuum smelting equipment to obtain an as-cast alloy blank with the vacuum degree of 10-3Pa, the smelting temperature is 1030 ℃;
placing the as-cast alloy blank in vacuum heat treatment equipment at 800 ℃ for heat preservation for 12 hours and then cooling along with the furnace; then forging to obtain a densified alloy blank;
placing the densified alloy blank in liquid nitrogen for treatment for 5 hours; then carrying out two-stage aging treatment to obtain the high-strength and high-toughness copper-zinc-aluminum shape memory alloy; the two-stage aging treatment specifically comprises the following steps: firstly, preserving heat for 0.5h in oil at 160 ℃; then the mixture is kept warm in water at 90 ℃ for 1 h.
Comparative example 1
The preparation method was substantially the same as that of example 1 except that the liquid nitrogen treatment process was omitted.
Comparative example 2
The preparation method is basically the same as that of example 1, except that the melting process of the ingot and the liquid nitrogen treatment process are omitted.
Examples of effects
Processing the copper-zinc-aluminum alloy obtained in the examples 1 to 4 and the comparative examples 1 to 2 into cold and hot fatigue samples (the size of the sample is 40mm × 20mm × 5mm, the sample is processed into a V-shaped notch with the depth of 3mm by a wire cutting method, a hole is formed at the other end of the notch to fix the sample), performing cold and hot fatigue tests on a cold and hot fatigue testing machine, performing the cold and hot fatigue tests at three temperature ranges of 20-300 ℃, 20-400 ℃ and 20-500 ℃, respectively, taking down the sample every 500 times of a cycle, polishing and removing a surface oxidation film, measuring the length of a surface crack, taking 0.1mm as the crack initiation length, recording the number of times of the crack initiation cycle of the sample, and obtaining test results shown in figures 1 to 3 respectively; wherein, FIG. 1 shows the test results of the cold and hot fatigue properties of examples 1-4, comparative example 1 and comparative example 2 at 20-300 ℃; FIG. 2 shows the results of the cold and hot fatigue property test at 20 to 400 ℃ in examples 1 to 4, comparative example 1 and comparative example 2; FIG. 3 shows the results of the cold and hot fatigue property test at 20 to 500 ℃ in examples 1 to 4, comparative example 1 and comparative example 2.
As can be seen from the figures 1 to 3, after magnetic suspension vacuum melting repeated smelting and liquid nitrogen cryogenic treatment, the copper-zinc-aluminum alloy obtains good toughness-plasticity coordination and better thermal fatigue performance.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A preparation method of a high-strength and high-toughness copper-zinc-aluminum shape memory alloy is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) carrying out first smelting on a raw material of copper-zinc-aluminum alloy to obtain a basic alloy liquid;
(2) mixing and melting the basic alloy liquid obtained in the step (1) and a Cu-10RE intermediate alloy to obtain a target alloy melt; the Cu-10RE intermediate alloy comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: 7-8% of La, 2-3% of Y, less than 1% of other rare earth elements and the balance of Cu;
(3) casting the target alloy melt in the step (2) to obtain an ingot;
(4) carrying out second smelting on the cast ingot in the step (3) to obtain an as-cast alloy blank;
(5) carrying out heat preservation treatment on the as-cast alloy blank obtained in the step (4) and then deforming to obtain a densified alloy blank;
(6) sequentially carrying out subzero treatment and aging treatment on the densified alloy blank obtained in the step (5) to obtain the high-strength and high-toughness copper-zinc-aluminum shape memory alloy;
the copper-zinc-aluminum alloy comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: 25-26.3% of Zn, 2.8-3.6% of Al, 0.9-1.1% of Mn, 0.8-1.1% of Ni, 0.45-0.55% of Zr and the balance of Cu;
the content of rare earth elements in the Cu-10RE intermediate alloy is 0.05-0.09% of the mass of the basic alloy liquid;
the heat preservation treatment in the step (5) is carried out under the vacuum condition, and the vacuum degree is higher than 10-2Pa; the temperature of the heat preservation treatment is 800-810 ℃, and the time is 10-12 h;
the subzero treatment in the step (6) is liquid nitrogen treatment; the time of the cryogenic treatment is 3-5 hours;
the aging treatment in the step (6) comprises primary aging treatment and secondary aging treatment which are sequentially carried out, wherein the temperature of the primary aging treatment is 150-170 ℃, and the time is 0.3-0.5 h; the temperature of the secondary aging treatment is 80-90 ℃, and the time is 0.5-1 h.
2. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein the first melting in the step (1) is magnetic levitation vacuum melting, and the temperature of the first melting is 1020-1060 ℃.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the temperature of the mixed melt in the step (2) is 1020 to 1040 ℃.
4. The preparation method of claim 1, wherein the second melting in the step (4) is magnetic suspension vacuum melting, and the temperature of the second melting is 1020-1060 ℃; the number of the second smelting is 2-3.
5. A high-strength and high-toughness copper-zinc-aluminum shape memory alloy is characterized by being prepared by the preparation method of any one of claims 1-4.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201911355973.6A CN110951989B (en) | 2019-12-25 | 2019-12-25 | High-strength and high-toughness copper-zinc-aluminum shape memory alloy and preparation method thereof |
| PCT/CN2020/139375 WO2021129802A1 (en) | 2019-12-25 | 2020-12-25 | High-strength and high-toughness copper-zinc-aluminum shape memory alloy and preparation method therefor |
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