CN104073661A - Preparation method of zinc alloy applied to pressure casting - Google Patents
Preparation method of zinc alloy applied to pressure casting Download PDFInfo
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- CN104073661A CN104073661A CN201410302278.4A CN201410302278A CN104073661A CN 104073661 A CN104073661 A CN 104073661A CN 201410302278 A CN201410302278 A CN 201410302278A CN 104073661 A CN104073661 A CN 104073661A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of a zinc alloy applied to pressure casting. The raw materials for preparing the zinc alloy utilize wastes recycled from pressure casting factories and hardware factories, so that the cost is saved and environment is protected; zinc ash residue is used for precipitating a zinc alloy solution and separating impurity metal elements such as nickel, iron and the like, and a remarkable separation effect is achieved, so that the content of the impurity metal elements such as nickel, iron and the like is effectively reduced; carbon is used for further adsorbing and separating the impurity metal elements such as nickel, iron and the like, and a remarkable separation effect is achieved, so that the mass content of the impurity metal elements such as nickel, iron and the like is effectively reduced. In the zinc alloy prepared by the method, the mass content of iron is not greater than 0.1% and the mass content of nickel is not greater than 0.02%.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to prepare the method for alloy for die casting, particularly a kind of die casting zinc alloy preparation method.
Background technology
Zinc is important non-ferrous raw material, and at present, zinc is only second to copper and aluminium in the consumption of non-ferrous metal; Metal has good calenderability, wear resistance and corrosion-resistant, can make physics and the better alloy of chemical property with various metals; Zinc alloy refers to and adds other elementary composition alloys taking zinc as base.Conventionally die casting comprises zinc, aluminium, copper, magnesium, nickel, iron, lead, cadmium, tin by the component of zinc alloy, and wherein effectively alloying element has aluminium, copper and magnesium, and detrimental impurity unit have lead, cadmium, tin, iron and nickel.Zinc die casting alloys is compared obvious advantage with other non-ferrous metal alloys: material is inexpensive, fusing point is low, power consumption less, mobility and good moldability, there is good mechanical property and wear and corrosion behavior, vibration and noise reducing performance, the feature that has that ultimate tensile strength is high, load good and do not inhale iron when fusing and die casting, suitable manufacture high-quality die-cast product, therefore zinc die casting alloys is applied to every field just more and more widely, and brings significant economic benefit.
The feature of zinc alloy diecasting product: (1) is than great; (2) good casting property, the precision part of can die casting complex-shaped, thin-walled, cast(ing) surface is smooth; (3) can carry out surface treatment: electroplate, spray, spray paint; (4) when fusing is with die casting, do not inhale iron, do not corrode die mould, not sticking to mould; (5) there are good normal temperature mechanical property and wear resistance; (6) fusing point is low, 385 DEG C of fusings, and easily die cast.The problem that zinc alloy diecasting product in use should be noted: (1) corrosion stability is poor: in the time that lead impurity element, cadmium, tin are above standard in alloying constituent, cause foundry goods aging and deform, showing as volume swells, mechanical property particularly plasticity significantly declines, and the time has been grown even and broken.Lead, tin, cadmium solubleness in zinc alloy is very little, thereby concentrates on grain boundary and become negative electrode, and the sosoloid of rich aluminium becomes anode, under the condition existing, facilitates intergranular galvanic corrosion at water vapour (ionogen).Die casting because of intergranular corrosion aging.(2) timeliness effect: the tissue of zinc alloy is mainly formed by the rich zinc sosoloid containing Al and Cu with containing the rich Al sosoloid of Zn, the decline of their solubility with temperature and reducing.But because the setting rate of die casting is exceedingly fast, while therefore arriving room temperature, the solubleness of sosoloid is saturated widely.Through after certain hour, this supersaturation can be removed gradually, and foundry goods contoured and size are slightly changed.(3) should not be under high temperature and low temperature: zinc alloy diecasting should not use under the Working environment of high temperature and low temperature (below 0 DEG C).Zinc alloy has good mechanical property at normal temperatures.But at high temperature under tensile strength and low temperature, impact property all significantly declines.(4) zinc alloy diecasting Blister reason: hole causes; Intergranular corrosion causes; Crackle causes: water wave, cold shut line, thermal crack.For intergranular corrosion phenomenon: be mainly to control detrimental impurity mass content, particularly plumbous <0.003% in alloy raw material, note the impurity element that waste material brings.
At present on zinc alloy diecasting market, due to the nonstandard production of producer, market name confusion, adulterate, domestic zinc die casting alloys exists very large gap compared with other various countries, often occurs unacceptable product in use procedure, such as the foreign matter content in zinc alloy is too high, and composition and quality very unstable, especially every mechanical performance index is not high.The zinc alloy of China also needs a large amount of imports at present, and the therefore high performance zinc die casting alloys preparation technology of necessary exploitation, to obtain better and more stable mechanical property, to reduce the import of high quality zinc alloy.Publication No. is the preparation method that the Chinese invention patent of CN102121079A discloses a kind of zinc base alloy, by first preparing master alloy Al-Cu alloy, Al-Mn alloy and Al-Ti-B alloy, and then with metallic zinc and other metal congruent melting, thereby obtain zinc base alloy.This inventive method is the method that directly mutual various metals congruent melting is finally made to zinc alloy, and material cost is very high, and the processing requirement complexity in preparation process and process costs are also very high.Publication No. is that the Chinese invention patent of CN102808116A discloses a kind of processing method of preparing high-performance zinc die casting alloys: (1) preheating plumbago crucible, to garnet, is then warming up to 650 DEG C-680 DEG C and melts zinc alloy completely; (2) in melt, add different content Al-90wt%Cu alloy powder, then uniform stirring; (3), in the time that temperature is down to 430 DEG C-450 DEG C, leave standstill casting after 2-5 minute.Zinc alloy preparation technology of the prior art seldom mentions the technique that reduces or reduce the impurity harm element mass content such as nickel and iron.But the impurity elements of ferrum of zinc alloy and aluminium react and form Al5Fe2 intermetallic compound, cause the loss of aluminium element and form scum silica frost, form hard point in die casting, affect post-treatment and polishing, increase the fragility of zinc alloy; The solid solubility of the impurity element nickel of zinc alloy in zinc and aluminium is very little, most of nickel is present in alloy with the form of compound, the zinc alloy of high nickel content corrosion weight loss in acid-base solution is very large, and tensile strength, unit elongation reduce and plasticity declines, matrix is risen isolate, embrittling effect.
Summary of the invention
Mirror is with this, the object of the invention is to propose the die casting zinc alloy preparation method of a kind of deironing except nickel, solved the zinc alloy quality entirety causing due to detrimental impurity too high levels in prior art and declined, be detrimental to health, cause environmental pollution and bring the problems such as huge cost allowance to die-casting process factory.
Technical scheme of the present invention is achieved in that
A kind of die casting zinc alloy preparation method, comprises the following steps:
S1: zinc gray slag is prepared;
S2: chemical examination, judge whether chemical examination is qualified, if yes, enters step S3 raw materials melt, if NO, enter step S9 slag liquid and separate;
S3: raw materials melt;
S4: slag liquid separates for the first time;
S5: carbon absorption;
S6: slag liquid separates for the second time;
S7: chemical examination, judges whether chemical examination is qualified, if yes, enters step S8 liquation cooling, if NO, enters step S10 liquid waste disposal;
S8: liquation is cooling;
S9: slag liquid separates, separates the zinc gray slag obtaining and enters described step S3 raw materials melt, separates the liquation obtaining and enters step S10 liquid waste disposal;
S10: liquid waste disposal.
Further, described step S1 is: in melting pot, put into zinc alloy slag, be heated to 700-800 DEG C, make the melting of zinc alloy slag, form liquation and zinc gray slag.
Further, described step S1 is: in melting pot, put into zinc gray slag, then enter step S3 raw materials melt.
Further, described step S3 is: in melting pot, add and electroplate material, maintain the temperature at 420-450 DEG C, make to electroplate the abundant melting of material.
Further, described step S4 is: the solid slag things such as zinc gray slag, iron and nickel are picked up, leave liquation.
Further, described step S5 is: enter one deck wood grain on molten surface upper berth, maintain the temperature at 380-410 DEG C.
Further, described step S6 is: the solid slag things such as carbon, iron and nickel are picked up, leave liquation.
Further, described step S2 and S7 are: the kind to element in liquation and mass content thereof are carried out assay.
Further, described step S5-S6 repeats twice or three times.
Further, described step S10 comprises:
S10-1 collects work in-process for the first time: waste liquid is warming up to 430-500 DEG C, takes out part waste liquid and be cooled to room temperature, collect work in-process;
S10-2 collects work in-process for the second time: residual waste solution is continued to be warming up to 510-600 DEG C, take out part waste liquid and be cooled to room temperature, collect work in-process;
S10-3 collects zinc gray slag: residual waste solution is finally warming up to 700-800 DEG C, collects zinc gray slag.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
(1) prepare the starting material employing of zinc alloy at the waste product of die casting factory and hardware factory's recovery, cost-saving, protection of the environment.
(2) adopt zinc gray slag to carry out depositing zinc alloy molten solution, the harmful metal elements such as separating nickel, iron, separating effect is remarkable, effectively reduces the mass content of the detrimental impurity such as nickel, iron metallic element in goods.
(3) adopt the harmful metal elements such as the further fractionation by adsorption nickel of carbon, iron, separating effect is remarkable, effectively reduces the mass content of the detrimental impurity such as nickel, iron metallic element in goods.
(4) in the zinc alloy that the present invention obtains, the mass content of iron is not more than 0.1%, and the mass content of nickel is not more than 0.02%.
(5) chemical composition of the zinc alloy that the present invention obtains all meets national standard, and excellent performance.
(6) the zinc alloy mass content non-foaming, not crisp, dregginess that the present invention obtains is less than 10%, is widely used in diecast parts, middle-grade rack plating, the imitative gold of plating etc., and goods can reach 100 DEG C of oil sealings.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of die casting zinc alloy preparation method's of the present invention process flow sheet.
Fig. 2 is the process flow sheet of step 10 in a kind of die casting zinc alloy preparation method of the present invention.
Embodiment
In order better to understand the technology of the present invention content, a specific embodiment is provided below, following embodiment is only for the present invention is described, but can not limit protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
Referring to Fig. 1, a kind of die casting zinc alloy preparation method, comprises the following steps:
S1: zinc gray slag is prepared;
S2: chemical examination, judge whether chemical examination is qualified, if yes, enters step S3 raw materials melt, if NO, enter step S9 slag liquid and separate;
S3: raw materials melt;
S4: slag liquid separates for the first time;
S5: carbon absorption;
S6: slag liquid separates for the second time;
S7: chemical examination, judges whether chemical examination is qualified, if yes, enters step S8 liquation cooling, if NO, enters step S10 liquid waste disposal;
S8: liquation is cooling;
S9: slag liquid separates, separates the zinc gray slag obtaining and enters above-mentioned steps S3, separates the liquation obtaining and enters step S10 liquid waste disposal;
S10: liquid waste disposal.
Wherein:
S1 zinc gray slag is prepared to refer to: in melting pot, put into the zinc alloy slag reclaiming from die casting factory, be heated to 700 DEG C, make the melting of zinc alloy slag, form liquation A and zinc gray slag.
S2 chemical examination, judges whether chemical examination is qualified, if yes, enters step S3 raw materials melt, if NO, enters step S9 slag liquid and separates.
S3 raw materials melt refers to: the plating material that adds hardware factory to reclaim in melting pot, maintain the temperature at 420 DEG C, and make to electroplate the abundant melting of material, the liquation obtaining is B, liquation B flows into zinc gray slag bottom.Nucleidic mass, density and the fusing point of zinc, iron and nickel are as shown in table 1, and large and higher iron and the nickel of fusing point of density will be stayed on zinc gray slag blanket, and iron and nickel separate with liquation B.
Nucleidic mass, density and the fusing point comparison of table 1 zinc, iron and nickel
| Element | Nucleidic mass | Density | Fusing point |
| Zinc | 65.36 | 7.14 | 420 |
| Iron | 56 | 7.9 | 1534 |
| Nickel | 58.71 | 8.9 | 1453 |
S4 slag liquid separates and refers to for the first time: the solid slag things such as zinc gray slag, iron and nickel are picked up, leave liquation B.
The absorption of S5 carbon refers to: on liquation B surface, add wood grain.Wood grain is commercial wood grain, is the tiny wooden unit of particle.This step temperature remains on 390 DEG C, and the carbonization at this temperature of wood grain chaff, forms a carbon-coating, the impurity such as the further absorbed Ni of carbon-coating and iron.
S6 slag liquid separates and refers to for the second time: the solid slag things such as carbon, iron and nickel are picked up, leave liquation B.
S7 chemical examination, judges whether chemical examination is qualified, if yes, enters step S8 liquation cooling, if NO, enters step S10 liquid waste disposal.
S8 liquation is cooling to be referred to: take out qualified liquation B in melting pot and be cooled to room temperature, obtain product.
S9 slag liquid separates and refers to: liquation A is separated with zinc gray slag, separate the zinc gray slag obtaining and enter above-mentioned steps S3, separate the liquation obtaining and enter step S10 liquid waste disposal.
Referring to Fig. 2, step S10 liquid waste disposal comprises:
S10-1 collects work in-process for the first time: liquation is warming up to 430 DEG C, and extraction portion fractional melting liquid is cooled to room temperature, collects work in-process;
S10-2 collects work in-process for the second time: residual liquid is continued to be warming up to 510 DEG C, and extraction portion fractional melting liquid is cooled to room temperature, collects work in-process;
S10-3 collects zinc gray slag: residual liquid is finally warming up to 700 degree, collects zinc gray slag.
Step S10 liquid waste disposal utilizes the fusing point of impurity not identical, by twice differing temps hyperthermic treatment, thereby obtain the work in-process of different impurities concentration, the work in-process of different impurities concentration can again be prepared burden and be prepared the zinc alloy product of other class, and the zinc gray slag that the processing of step S10 final high temperature obtains can be recycled.Described step S1 zinc gray slag is prepared directly in melting pot, to put into the zinc gray slag of recovery, then enters step S3 raw materials melt, not only can be cost-saving, and also the environmental pollution that can avoid zinc gray slag to cause, the puzzlement of solution zinc gray slag processing.
In the present embodiment technique, step S5-S6 repeats twice or three times, can further adsorb impurity such as getting rid of nickel and iron.
Embodiment 2 and embodiment 3, be with the difference of embodiment 1, respectively the temperature in step S1, S3, S5, S10-1, S10-2 and S10-3 replaced with to temperature as shown in table 2.
The temperature control of table 2 embodiment 1 to 3 different step
In step S5 process, the zinc alloy fusing point of using due to die casting is 382～386 degree, and suitable temperature control is an important factor of zinc alloy Composition Control.For ensureing the good mobility of aluminium alloy, melting pot inner metal liquid temperature is 380～410 DEG C.
If excess Temperature can cause:
(1) aluminium, magnesium elements scaling loss;
(2) burning speed is accelerated, and scaling loss amount increases, and cadmia increases;
(3) can there is stuck tup fault in thermal expansion;
(4) in Castiron Melting pot ferro element to fuse into alloy more, under high temperature, zinc reacts quickening with iron;
(5) the corresponding increase of fuel consumption.
If the too low meeting of temperature causes:
Alloy flowability is poor, is unfavorable for being shaped, and affects die casting surface quality.
In step 2 and step 7, the assay device using is a kind of compact construction that spectrog company releases, the desk-top direct-reading spectrometer spectromax that analytic function is powerful, element in metallic substance is carried out to fast quantitative analysis, through chemical examination, the product that embodiment 1 to embodiment 3 obtains, all meet the standard shown in national standard (GB/T13818-2009) zinc die casting alloys, and the mass content of iron is not more than 0.1% in the zinc alloy obtaining, the mass content of nickel is not more than 0.02%.
Technique of the present invention:
(1) prepare the starting material employing of zinc alloy at the waste product of die casting factory and hardware factory's recovery, cost-saving, protection of the environment.
(2) adopt zinc gray slag to carry out depositing zinc alloy molten solution, the harmful metal elements such as separating nickel, iron, separating effect is remarkable, effectively reduces the mass content of the detrimental impurity such as nickel, iron metallic element in goods.
(3) adopt the harmful metal elements such as the further fractionation by adsorption nickel of carbon, iron, separating effect is remarkable, effectively reduces the mass content of the detrimental impurity such as nickel, iron metallic element in goods.
(4) in the zinc alloy that the present invention obtains, the mass content of iron is not more than 0.1%, and the mass content of nickel is not more than 0.02%.
(5) chemical composition of the zinc alloy that the present invention obtains all meets national standard, and excellent performance.
(6) the zinc alloy mass content non-foaming, not crisp, dregginess that the present invention obtains is less than 10%, is widely used in diecast parts, middle-grade rack plating, the imitative gold of plating etc., and goods can reach 100 DEG C of oil sealings.
The zinc alloy that technique of the present invention obtains, stable performance, fusing point is low, good fluidity, shrinkability is little.Crystal grain children is thin, and tough performance is good, and soft or hard is suitable, smooth surface, and without sand hole, without fault, flawless, polishing and electroplating effect are good.Constant product quality.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, in order to limit the present invention, within the spirit and principles in the present invention not all, any amendment of doing, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., within all should being included in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a die casting zinc alloy preparation method, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
S1: zinc gray slag is prepared;
S2: chemical examination, judge whether chemical examination is qualified, if yes, enters step S3 raw materials melt, if NO, enter step S9 slag liquid and separate;
S3: raw materials melt;
S4: slag liquid separates for the first time;
S5: carbon absorption;
S6: slag liquid separates for the second time;
S7: chemical examination, judges whether chemical examination is qualified, if yes, enters step S8 liquation cooling, if NO, enters step S10 liquid waste disposal;
S8: liquation is cooling;
S9: slag liquid separates, separates the zinc gray slag obtaining and enters described step S3 raw materials melt, separates the liquation obtaining and enters step S10 liquid waste disposal;
S10: liquid waste disposal.
2. a kind of die casting zinc alloy preparation method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described step S1 is: in melting pot, put into zinc alloy slag, be heated to 700-800 DEG C, make the melting of zinc alloy slag, form liquation and zinc gray slag.
3. a kind of die casting zinc alloy preparation method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described step S1 is: in melting pot, put into zinc gray slag, then enter described step S3 raw materials melt.
4. a kind of die casting zinc alloy preparation method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described step S3 is: in melting pot, add and electroplate material, maintain the temperature at 420-450 DEG C, make to electroplate the abundant melting of material.
5. a kind of die casting zinc alloy preparation method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described step S4 is: the solid slag things such as zinc gray slag, iron and nickel are picked up, leave liquation.
6. a kind of die casting zinc alloy preparation method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described step S5 is: enter one deck wood grain on molten surface upper berth, maintain the temperature at 380-410 DEG C.
7. a kind of die casting zinc alloy preparation method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described step S6 is: the solid slag things such as carbon, iron and nickel are picked up, leave liquation.
8. a kind of die casting zinc alloy preparation method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described step S2 and S7 are: the kind to element in liquation and mass content thereof are carried out assay.
9. a kind of die casting zinc alloy preparation method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described step S5-S6 repeats twice or three times.
10. a kind of die casting zinc alloy preparation method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described step S10 comprises:
S10-1 collects work in-process for the first time: waste liquid is warming up to 430-500 DEG C, takes out part waste liquid and be cooled to room temperature, collect work in-process;
S10-2 collects work in-process for the second time: residual waste solution is continued to be warming up to 510-600 DEG C, take out part waste liquid and be cooled to room temperature, collect work in-process;
S10-3 collects zinc gray slag: residual waste solution is finally warming up to 700-800 DEG C, collects zinc gray slag.
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| CN201410302278.4A CN104073661A (en) | 2014-06-27 | 2014-06-27 | Preparation method of zinc alloy applied to pressure casting |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106816195A (en) * | 2017-02-27 | 2017-06-09 | 东北大学 | Gamma ray shielding material and preparation method thereof |
| CN107217165A (en) * | 2017-06-22 | 2017-09-29 | 合肥汇之新机械科技有限公司 | A kind of kirsite kettle and its manufacture method |
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| US5141782A (en) * | 1985-06-17 | 1992-08-25 | Nippon Mining Co., Ltd. | Colored zinc coating |
| CN101092668A (en) * | 2006-06-23 | 2007-12-26 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Method for producing zinc alloy from zinc dross |
| CN101532101A (en) * | 2008-12-26 | 2009-09-16 | 嘉兴中科亚美合金技术有限责任公司 | Environment-friendly low-melting point zinc alloy for centrifugal casting ornaments |
| CN102901659A (en) * | 2012-09-06 | 2013-01-30 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | Preparation method for metal alloy test rod |
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2014
- 2014-06-27 CN CN201410302278.4A patent/CN104073661A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5141782A (en) * | 1985-06-17 | 1992-08-25 | Nippon Mining Co., Ltd. | Colored zinc coating |
| CN101092668A (en) * | 2006-06-23 | 2007-12-26 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Method for producing zinc alloy from zinc dross |
| CN101532101A (en) * | 2008-12-26 | 2009-09-16 | 嘉兴中科亚美合金技术有限责任公司 | Environment-friendly low-melting point zinc alloy for centrifugal casting ornaments |
| CN102901659A (en) * | 2012-09-06 | 2013-01-30 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | Preparation method for metal alloy test rod |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106816195A (en) * | 2017-02-27 | 2017-06-09 | 东北大学 | Gamma ray shielding material and preparation method thereof |
| CN107217165A (en) * | 2017-06-22 | 2017-09-29 | 合肥汇之新机械科技有限公司 | A kind of kirsite kettle and its manufacture method |
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