CN110870179A - 车辆推进系统 - Google Patents
车辆推进系统 Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
- H02K7/02—Additional mass for increasing inertia, e.g. flywheels
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F02N11/00—Starting of engines by means of electric motors
- F02N11/04—Starting of engines by means of electric motors the motors being associated with current generators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K16/00—Machines with more than one rotor or stator
- H02K16/02—Machines with one stator and two or more rotors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K21/00—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets
- H02K21/12—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K21/00—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets
- H02K21/12—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets
- H02K21/22—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets with magnets rotating around the armatures, e.g. flywheel magnetos
- H02K21/222—Flywheel magnetos
- H02K21/225—Flywheel magnetos having I-shaped, E-shaped or similarly shaped armature cores
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K21/00—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets
- H02K21/12—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets
- H02K21/24—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets with magnets axially facing the armatures, e.g. hub-type cycle dynamos
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K23/00—DC commutator motors or generators having mechanical commutator; Universal AC/DC commutator motors
- H02K23/54—Disc armature motors or generators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
- H02K7/006—Structural association of a motor or generator with the drive train of a motor vehicle
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
- H02K7/20—Structural association with auxiliary dynamo-electric machines, e.g. with electric starter motors or exciters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K2201/00—Specific aspects not provided for in the other groups of this subclass relating to the magnetic circuits
- H02K2201/03—Machines characterised by aspects of the air-gap between rotor and stator
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
- H02K7/10—Structural association with clutches, brakes, gears, pulleys or mechanical starters
- H02K7/116—Structural association with clutches, brakes, gears, pulleys or mechanical starters with gears
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
- H02K7/14—Structural association with mechanical loads, e.g. with hand-held machine tools or fans
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/16—Mechanical energy storage, e.g. flywheels or pressurised fluids
Abstract
一种车辆推进系统,包括:燃机(2),其带有紧固到发动机的曲轴(4)的飞轮(3)。启动马达和发电机组合在一个电机(10)中,该电机具有:定子(11),所述定子刚性地连接至车架固定部件(8)并设置有绕组(23),所述绕组连接到所述装置(24),用于在电机的马达操作中从所述装置馈送有电能以及在电机的发电机操作中馈送电能到所述装置,以及转子(12),所述转子连接到飞轮(3),以使转子和飞轮关联于彼此旋转。定子和转子中的至少一个具有构件(14,15),所述构件突出入到另一个的凹部(17,18)中,以形成位于所述突出构件两侧上的用于转子和定子之间的磁通的气隙(19‑22)。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种车辆推进系统,包括
·燃机,其带有紧固到发动机曲轴的飞轮,
·启动马达,其可控制以启动燃机,以及
·电气系统,其包括:存储电能的装置,并且所述启动马达连接至该装置以由此被馈送,以及发电机,该发电机配置为产生电能,所述电能将被传递到所述装置和车辆的电气设备。
本发明针对于所有类型的机动车辆的这种推进系统,尽管其尤其针对轮式重型机动车辆,诸如卡车和公共汽车。为此目的,在下文中将主要针对重型卡车和公共汽车讨论本发明,以阐明本发明,但并不因此将本发明限制于此。
当构造尤其是这些类型的机动车辆时,已经并且正在努力使部件更小并且对空间的需求更少,这导致了具有小尺寸的启动马达和发电机的推进系统,并且这导致了电流车重比的增加。其后果可能是质量下降,以及非常高温度和火灾的较高风险。尽管启动马达和发电机的尺寸较小,但由于发电机必须由单独的皮带驱动,因此它们一起需要相当大的空间。
背景技术
US 6 278 196 B1公开了一种引言中限定的类型的车辆推进系统,其中,启动马达和发电机结合在一个电机中,从而节省了重量和空间。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供通过上述出版物已知的类型的车辆推进系统,其相对于这种已知的车辆推进系统至少在某些方面进行了改进。
根据本发明,该目的是通过提供根据所附权利要求1的车辆推进系统来实现的。
电机的构造,其定子刚性地连接到车架紧固部件并设置有绕组,该绕组连接到一装置,用于在电机的马达操作中从所述装置馈送有电能以及在电机的发电机操作中馈送电能到所述装置,以及转子,所述转子连接到飞轮,以使转子和飞轮关联于彼此旋转,使得定子和转子中的至少一个具有构件,所述构件突出入到另一个的凹部中,以形成位于所述突出构件两侧上的气隙,所述气隙用于转子和定子之间的磁通。电机的性能可以提高,并且可以使用于一定功率传递的电机更紧凑,从而节省空间。因此,每个气隙产生附加的扭矩,从而通过增加所述气隙的数量来增加通过这种电机可传递的扭矩。通过突出入到凹部中的构件产生所述气隙使得电机的设计更加紧凑。
根据本发明的一个实施方式,定子和转子中的所述至少一个具有至少两个所述突出构件,并且另一个具有相等多的所述凹部,每个凹部接收相应的突出构件。通过选择这种气隙的数量,可以获得电机的期望扭矩幅度。
根据本发明的另一个实施方式,所述突出构件平行于飞轮的旋转轴线突出,同时形成相对于所述轴线同心布置并接收在凹部中的环,并且所述突出构件和所述凹部沿所述旋转轴线方向看是环形。对于给定的电机大小,突出构件和凹部的这种环形设计使得可以获得在定子和转子之间可传递的高扭矩。
根据本发明的另一个实施方式,所述突出构件相对于曲轴的旋转轴线径向地突出入到径向定向的凹部中。所述突出构可然后具有外边缘,所述外边缘同心地围绕所述旋转轴线。这是突出构件和凹部的另一种可能的设计,对于给定的电机大小,可导致高扭矩。
根据本发明的另一实施方式,电机的至少转子被接收在环形空间中,由飞轮的外绕轴向定向部分限定所述环形空间。使用经常存在于飞轮的轮毂周围的所述环形空间,以使轮毂相对于飞轮的离飞轮的旋转轴线更远的质量分开,以获得所需的飞轮惯性,以容纳至少电机的转子,导致根据本发明的车辆推进系统的紧凑设计。
根据本发明的另一实施方式,转子通过齿轮连接至飞轮,这意味着可以选择该齿轮,以获得飞轮的转速与转子的转速之间的期望关系。
根据本发明的另一实施方式,转子通过行星齿轮连接至飞轮。这导致可能通过作用在行星齿轮上来改变飞轮即曲轴的转速与转子之间的关系,从而使该关系适配于电机的操作模式,即所述电子是作为马达或发电机操作。
根据本发明的另一个实施方式,行星齿轮的太阳轮紧固到飞轮,而齿圈紧固到转子。这构成了布置这种行星齿轮的合适方式,其中,太阳轮可以布置在飞轮的轮毂上。
根据本发明的另一实施方式,车辆推进系统包括可控制以改变飞轮的转速和转子的转速之间的关系的设备。这种装置使得可以改变这种关系,以使其适配于电机的实际操作模式。
根据本发明的另一个实施方式,通过作用于行星齿轮,所述设备可控制以改变所述关系。
根据本发明的另一个实施方式,转子设置有永磁体,对于一定大小的电机,该永磁体可促进高转矩。
本发明还涉及一种机动车辆,其根据所附权利要求所述的这种机动车辆。
本发明的其他有利特征和优点从下面的描述中得出。
附图说明
参考附图,以下是引用为示例的本发明的实施方式的具体描述。
在图中:
图1是示意性地示出根据本发明的第一实施方式的车辆的推进系统的剖视图。
图2是类似于图1的视图,示出根据本发明的第二实施方式的车辆推进系统中的电机的转子和定子的部分。
具体实施方式
图1示意性地示出布置在车辆1中的车辆推进系统的部分,车辆推进系统具有燃机2,所述燃机带有紧固到发动机的曲轴4的飞轮3。飞轮3具有中央轮毂5和外部件6。
飞轮布置在壳体8中,该壳体紧固至相对于车架紧固的发动机缸9。电机10布置在壳体8内侧并具有刚性地连接至壳体的定子11。转子12通过行星齿轮13连接至飞轮3。在永磁电机的情况下,该转子可设置有永磁体。然而,其他类型的电机,例如同步电机,也是可能的。
所述定子设置有两个突出构件14,15,其与飞轮3的旋转轴线16平行地突出,同时形成相对于该轴线同心布置并分别接收在每个转子12的凹部17、18中的环。这意味着气隙19-22形成在相应的突出构件的相对侧上,以用于转子和定子之间的磁通。
此外,定子在每个突出构件上均设有示意性地示出的绕组23,并且这些绕组通过逆变器28由控制单元29控制,该控制单元连接至用于存储电能的装置24,诸如24V电池25。
行星齿轮的太阳轮26紧固到飞轮3,并且环形齿轮27紧固到转子12。因此,电机将几乎完全布置在飞轮3的环形空间7内侧,并且由此需要空间最小。
当启动燃机2时,电能将被从电池25馈送到定子11的绕组23,以驱动转子12,并且由此使飞轮3旋转,同时用作启动马达。一旦燃机运行,则电机可代替地作为发电机操作,从定子绕组向车辆的电池25和电气设备馈送电能。
可以选择如此形成的气隙的数量、电机的极数以及行星齿轮的比率,以使电机适配于其作为启动马达和发电机的操作要求。
图2示意性地示出了本发明的第二实施方式中的电机的转子和定子的设计,其中,转子12'具有相对于旋转轴线径向地突出的突出构件14',15'。相对于曲轴的旋转轴线径向突出,进入到定子的径向定向的凹部17',18',以形成轴向定向的气隙19'-22',用于定子和装置之间的磁通。突出构件具有外边缘30,其同心地围绕飞轮的旋转轴线。
当然,本发明不以任何方式限于上述实施方式,因为对于本领域的技术人员来说,其修改的许多可能性是明显的,而不必脱离所附权利要求书中限定的发明范围。
Claims (13)
1.一种车辆推进系统,包括
·燃机(2),其带有紧固到发动机的曲轴(4)的飞轮(3),
·启动马达,其可控制以启动燃机,以及
·电气系统,其包括:存储电能的装置(24),并且所述启动马达连接至该装置以由此被馈送,以及发电机,该发电机配置为产生电能,所述电能被传递到所述装置和车辆的电气设备,
其中,启动马达和发电机组合在一个电机(10)中,该电机具有:定子(11),所述定子刚性地连接至车架固定部件(8)并设置有绕组(23),所述绕组连接到所述装置,用于在电机的马达操作中从所述装置馈送有电能以及在电机的发电机操作中馈送电能到所述装置,以及转子(12),所述转子连接到飞轮(3),以使转子和飞轮关联于彼此旋转,
其特征在于,定子(11)和转子(12)中的至少一个具有构件(14,15,14',15'),所述构件突出入到另一个的凹部(17,18,17',18')中,以形成位于所述突出构件两侧上的用于转子和定子之间磁通的气隙(19-22,19'-22')。
2.根据权利要求1所述的车辆推进系统,其特征在于,所述突出构件(14,15)平行于飞轮(3)的旋转轴线(16)突出,同时形成相对于所述轴线同心地布置并被接收在凹部(17,18)中的环,并且所述突出构件和所述凹部沿所述旋转轴线(16)方向看为环形。
3.根据权利要求1所述的车辆推进系统,其特征在于,所述突出构件(14',15')相对于曲轴(4)的旋转轴线(16)径向突出入到径向定向的凹部(17',18')中。
4.根据权利要求3所述的车辆推进系统,其特征在于,所述突出构件(14',15')具有外边缘(30),所述外边缘同心地围绕所述旋转轴线(16)。
5.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的车辆推进系统,其特征在于,所述定子(11)和转子(12)中的所述至少一个具有至少两个所述突出构件(14,15,14',15')并且另一个具有相等多的所述凹部(17,18,17',18'),每个凹部接收相应的突出构件。
6.根据前述权利要求中的任一项所述的车辆推进系统,其特征在于,电机的至少转子(12)被接收在环形空间(7)内,由飞轮(3)的外绕轴向定向部分(6)限定所述环形空间。
7.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的车辆推进系统,其特征在于,所述转子(12)通过齿轮(13)连接至飞轮(3)。
8.根据权利要求7所述的车辆推进系统,其特征在于,所述转子(12)通过行星齿轮(13)连接至飞轮(3)。
9.根据权利要求8所述的车辆推进系统,其特征在于,所述行星齿轮(13)的太阳轮(26)紧固至飞轮(3),并且齿圈(27)紧固至转子(12)。
10.根据前述权利要求中的任一项所述的车辆推进系统,其特征在于,车辆推进系统包括可控制以改变飞轮(3)的转速和转子(12)的转速之间的关系的设备。
11.根据权利要求8和10所述的车辆推进系统,其特征在于,通过作用于行星齿轮(13),所述设备可控制以改变所述关系。
12.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的车辆推进系统,其特征在于,所述转子(12)设置有永磁体。
13.一种机动车辆,尤其是重型轮式机动车辆,诸如公共汽车或卡车,其特征在于,所述机动车辆设置有根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的推进系统。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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SE1750915A SE541438C2 (en) | 2017-07-12 | 2017-07-12 | A vehicle propulsion system |
SE1750915-9 | 2017-07-12 | ||
PCT/SE2018/050732 WO2019013689A1 (en) | 2017-07-12 | 2018-07-04 | VEHICLE PROPULSION SYSTEM |
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CN110870179A true CN110870179A (zh) | 2020-03-06 |
CN110870179B CN110870179B (zh) | 2022-10-14 |
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US (1) | US11466655B2 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP3652844A4 (zh) |
KR (1) | KR20200019733A (zh) |
CN (1) | CN110870179B (zh) |
BR (1) | BR112020000648A2 (zh) |
SE (1) | SE541438C2 (zh) |
WO (1) | WO2019013689A1 (zh) |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
SE1750915A1 (en) | 2019-01-13 |
SE541438C2 (en) | 2019-10-01 |
EP3652844A4 (en) | 2021-04-28 |
WO2019013689A1 (en) | 2019-01-17 |
KR20200019733A (ko) | 2020-02-24 |
EP3652844A1 (en) | 2020-05-20 |
BR112020000648A2 (pt) | 2020-07-14 |
US20200217288A1 (en) | 2020-07-09 |
CN110870179B (zh) | 2022-10-14 |
US11466655B2 (en) | 2022-10-11 |
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