CN110869479A - 多糖微凝胶作为洗涤剂和洗涤剂组合物的基料或添加剂及其用途 - Google Patents
多糖微凝胶作为洗涤剂和洗涤剂组合物的基料或添加剂及其用途 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN110869479A CN110869479A CN201780088602.9A CN201780088602A CN110869479A CN 110869479 A CN110869479 A CN 110869479A CN 201780088602 A CN201780088602 A CN 201780088602A CN 110869479 A CN110869479 A CN 110869479A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- percent
- microgel
- polysaccharide
- detergent
- detergents
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 85
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- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 68
- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 68
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 title abstract description 13
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000000123 anti-resoprtive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000016507 interphase Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
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- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920001661 Chitosan Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
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- 239000001814 pectin Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000010987 pectin Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
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- 239000003945 anionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 21
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- 239000003755 preservative agent Substances 0.000 description 17
- 230000002335 preservative effect Effects 0.000 description 16
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 12
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- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 10
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethanolamine Chemical compound OCCNCCO ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 9
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- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- -1 alkyl sulfonic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 6
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- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 4
- WGQKYBSKWIADBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzylamine Chemical compound NCC1=CC=CC=C1 WGQKYBSKWIADBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002617 bone density conservation agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- HQABUPZFAYXKJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N butan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCN HQABUPZFAYXKJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002738 chelating agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 238000004851 dishwashing Methods 0.000 description 4
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- LNOPIUAQISRISI-UHFFFAOYSA-N n'-hydroxy-2-propan-2-ylsulfonylethanimidamide Chemical compound CC(C)S(=O)(=O)CC(N)=NO LNOPIUAQISRISI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000011121 sodium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 4
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000003093 cationic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 3
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 235000019864 coconut oil Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000003240 coconut oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000006408 oxalic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- LHENQXAPVKABON-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methoxypropan-1-ol Chemical compound CCC(O)OC LHENQXAPVKABON-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylenediamine Chemical compound NCCN PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 2
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000003431 cross linking reagent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000005442 diisocyanate group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- DLAHAXOYRFRPFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecyl benzoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 DLAHAXOYRFRPFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KWIUHFFTVRNATP-UHFFFAOYSA-N glycine betaine Chemical compound C[N+](C)(C)CC([O-])=O KWIUHFFTVRNATP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920001477 hydrophilic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 125000001165 hydrophobic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 230000003165 hydrotropic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000774 hypoallergenic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 235000011007 phosphoric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000001267 polyvinylpyrrolidone Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
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- AEQDJSLRWYMAQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,9,10-tetramethoxy-6,8,13,13a-tetrahydro-5H-isoquinolino[2,1-b]isoquinoline Chemical compound C1CN2CC(C(=C(OC)C=C3)OC)=C3CC2C2=C1C=C(OC)C(OC)=C2 AEQDJSLRWYMAQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XNWFRZJHXBZDAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-METHOXYETHANOL Chemical compound COCCO XNWFRZJHXBZDAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WOTIUKDGJBXFLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-methyl-1,2-thiazole Chemical compound CC=1C=CSN=1 WOTIUKDGJBXFLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HVBSAKJJOYLTQU-UHFFFAOYSA-M 4-aminobenzenesulfonate Chemical compound NC1=CC=C(S([O-])(=O)=O)C=C1 HVBSAKJJOYLTQU-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000005711 Benzoic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 240000002791 Brassica napus Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000004977 Brassica sinapistrum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000060011 Cocos nucifera Species 0.000 description 1
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- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 1
- AZKVWQKMDGGDSV-BCMRRPTOSA-N Genipin Chemical compound COC(=O)C1=CO[C@@H](O)[C@@H]2C(CO)=CC[C@H]12 AZKVWQKMDGGDSV-BCMRRPTOSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000068988 Glycine max Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000010469 Glycine max Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920002907 Guar gum Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 244000020551 Helianthus annuus Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000003222 Helianthus annuus Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920002488 Hemicellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- AOMUHOFOVNGZAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-bis(2-hydroxyethyl)dodecanamide Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)N(CCO)CCO AOMUHOFOVNGZAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000388 Polyphosphate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium laurylsulphate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000006058 Ugi-reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010933 acylation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005917 acylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000029936 alkylation Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 125000000539 amino acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- WOWHHFRSBJGXCM-UHFFFAOYSA-M cetyltrimethylammonium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)C WOWHHFRSBJGXCM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000010382 chemical cross-linking Methods 0.000 description 1
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- AZKVWQKMDGGDSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N genipin Natural products COC(=O)C1=COC(O)C2C(CO)=CCC12 AZKVWQKMDGGDSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229930182470 glycoside Natural products 0.000 description 1
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- 238000006698 hydrazinolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 150000007530 organic bases Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L phthalate(2-) Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C([O-])=O XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-M salicylate Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1C([O-])=O YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229960001860 salicylate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000005185 salting out Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002453 shampoo Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004760 silicates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000017550 sodium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000176 sodium gluconate Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 235000019333 sodium laurylsulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001488 sodium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019832 sodium triphosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004334 sorbic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
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- 239000000271 synthetic detergent Substances 0.000 description 1
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- JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene-4-sulfonic acid Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(S(O)(=O)=O)C=C1 JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 235000019801 trisodium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/02—Anionic compounds
- C11D1/36—Anionic compounds of unknown constitution, e.g. natural products
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/0005—Other compounding ingredients characterised by their effect
- C11D3/0036—Soil deposition preventing compositions; Antiredeposition agents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/38—Cationic compounds
- C11D1/64—Cationic compounds of unknown constitution, e.g. natural products
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
- C11D1/662—Carbohydrates or derivatives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/0005—Other compounding ingredients characterised by their effect
- C11D3/0031—Carpet, upholstery, fur or leather cleansers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/16—Organic compounds
- C11D3/20—Organic compounds containing oxygen
- C11D3/22—Carbohydrates or derivatives thereof
- C11D3/222—Natural or synthetic polysaccharides, e.g. cellulose, starch, gum, alginic acid or cyclodextrin
- C11D3/225—Natural or synthetic polysaccharides, e.g. cellulose, starch, gum, alginic acid or cyclodextrin etherified, e.g. CMC
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/16—Organic compounds
- C11D3/20—Organic compounds containing oxygen
- C11D3/22—Carbohydrates or derivatives thereof
- C11D3/222—Natural or synthetic polysaccharides, e.g. cellulose, starch, gum, alginic acid or cyclodextrin
- C11D3/227—Natural or synthetic polysaccharides, e.g. cellulose, starch, gum, alginic acid or cyclodextrin with nitrogen-containing groups
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D9/00—Compositions of detergents based essentially on soap
- C11D9/04—Compositions of detergents based essentially on soap containing compounding ingredients other than soaps
- C11D9/22—Organic compounds, e.g. vitamins
- C11D9/26—Organic compounds, e.g. vitamins containing oxygen
- C11D9/262—Organic compounds, e.g. vitamins containing oxygen containing carbohydrates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D2111/00—Cleaning compositions characterised by the objects to be cleaned; Cleaning compositions characterised by non-standard cleaning or washing processes
- C11D2111/10—Objects to be cleaned
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Abstract
本发明涉及化学工业,具体涉及为家庭、专业或个人用途设计的洗涤剂的组合物或上述洗涤剂中的添加剂,以用于家庭或工业。本发明的实质在于使用多糖微凝胶作为洗涤剂中的添加剂或碱,特别是作为抗再吸收剂、增稠剂或用于降低相间边界处的表面张力的试剂,还包括含有多糖微凝胶的洗涤剂的组合物。应用这些发明的技术效果是减少洗涤剂中的表面活性剂的量,同时不影响其去污力,这提高了它们的生态价值以及最终用户安全性。
Description
本发明涉及化学工业,具体涉及为家庭、专业或个人用途设计的洗涤剂用添加剂。
家庭和工业洗涤剂的去污力描述的是作为洗涤剂能力基础的综合性能,即其使脏污表面恢复到其初始清洁状态的能力。基于完全去除整个表面而不仅仅是其污染区域的污染物的能力来评估去污力。良好的适当的相关洗涤剂不仅应该能够除去表面的污染物,而且能够将污染物保持在溶液中并防止它们在经清洁的表面上的二次沉淀,即它应该具有抗再吸收功能或稳定作用。最受欢迎的合成洗涤剂具有相对较低的捕获污染物的能力,例如允许小颗粒在织物上再沉淀,这使得织物在洗涤几次后变灰。经清洁的硬表面(餐具、窗户、汽车)上的二次沉淀增加了表面活性剂的消耗量,因为污染的表面需要额外的清洁。
同样重要的是,对于消费者,洗涤剂质量不局限于其去污力(清洁力)。它还取决于对消费者皮肤的无害性、其粘度和发泡性。高粘度是洗碗清洁剂、卫生洁具清洁剂、清洁硬表面的清洁剂、个人卫生用品(如洗发水等)所必需的。这样可以减少清洁剂的消耗量,使其在表面上更均匀地铺展并在表面上保持相当长的一段时间。有几种方法可以使洗涤剂增稠。使用的方法之一是加入聚合物,例如羧甲基纤维素、聚氯乙烯吡咯烷酮、黄原胶或瓜尔胶。这种方法并不完美,因为聚合物不具有表面活性,因此它们只是混合物中的一种额外成分,而不会有助于洗涤剂的主要目的。另一种方法是使用更高浓度的表面活性剂或使用形成液晶相的表面活性剂。在这种情况下,表面活性剂本身起增稠剂的作用,然而这种洗涤剂要么含有太多的表面活性剂要么所用的表面活性剂太贵。另一种最常用的增加粘度的方法是加入盐,通常为氯化钠。表面活性剂从溶液中盐析出来,形成粘稠的液晶相。这种方法使洗涤剂对皮肤的刺激性更强,同时也降低了它们的去污力。
发泡能力对去污力几乎没有影响,但它有助于对洗涤剂消耗量的视觉控制。通常通过选择合适的表面活性剂或通过聚合物添加剂来控制发泡。两者都对表面活性剂的总体消耗量具有不利影响,因为发泡将消耗其一部分。
因此,洗涤剂通常含有大量表面活性剂(15%至30%),这些表面活性剂在使用过程中或之后会污染环境和伤害消费者。需要理解的是,只有一小部分表面活性剂参与结合污染物,而它们的大部分用于浓集。在洗涤剂中加入抗再吸收剂以减少表面活性剂的消耗。用作这种试剂的亲水性聚合物是用于棉的羧甲基纤维素,或用于羊毛或丝织物的聚乙烯吡咯烷酮,或碱性盐(苏打灰、三聚磷酸钠、磷酸三钠、六偏磷酸盐或硅酸盐),其改善洗涤剂的乳化能力和胶体结构,强化在外来颗粒周围形成的洗涤剂薄膜,从而降低其在表面上的沉淀速率。
已有一种含多糖的洗涤剂,其中5%至95%的多糖由水溶性、未取代的半纤维素构成(EP2336283A1,C11D3/00和C11D3/22,2011 年6月22日公开)。
还有一种洗涤剂,其含有洗涤粉和大小为1-100μm的多糖颗粒 (US2016230124,C11D17/043、C11D17/06、C11D3/222和 C11D3/225,2016年8月11日公开)。
选择含有一种或几种表面活性剂和干燥多糖形式的添加剂、粒径小于100nm的下述洗涤剂作为本发明的原型:US7842658,MPC A61K8/73、C11D1/00和C11D3/22,2010年11月30日公开。
该原型的缺点是使用了细粉形式的亲水聚合物,其形成稳定的悬浮液作为抗再吸收剂。在这种情况下,抗再吸收剂的消耗率很高,因为它的粉末几乎全部由聚合物组成。而且,这些颗粒对表面没有足够的亲和力,在表面上形成松散的、不稳定的层,且它们并不是表面活性剂,仅构成溶液中额外的组分,无助于洗涤剂的主要目的。使用已知的洗涤剂和其中所含的添加剂,可以降低洗涤剂中的表面活性剂的消耗速率。
本发明旨在改善洗涤剂的生态特性和对用户的安全性。
该发明的技术成果是减少洗涤剂中表面活性剂的量,同时保持其去污力。
该技术结果通过使用多糖微凝胶作为洗涤剂中的碱或添加剂以及通过使用这种微凝胶的洗涤剂来实现。
使用多糖微凝胶作为洗涤剂的抗再吸收剂。
使用多糖微凝胶作为洗涤剂的增稠剂。
使用多糖微凝胶作为洗涤剂的组分,用于降低相间的表面张力。
一种包括水、一系列表面活性剂和抗再吸收剂的洗涤剂,其特征在于抗再吸收剂由多糖微凝胶组成,各组分比例(质量%)如下:
表面活性剂的组合: 0.1-15
多糖微凝胶: 0.1-5
水: 余量。
一种包括水、一系列表面活性剂和增稠剂的洗涤剂,其特征在于所述增稠剂由具有以下组分比例(质量%)的多糖微凝胶组成:
一组表面活性剂: 0.1-15
多糖微凝胶: 0.1-5
水: 余量。
一种由水和降低相间边界处的表面张力的组分组成的洗涤剂,其特征在于降低相间表面张力的组分含有多糖微凝胶,各组分比例(质量%)如下:
多糖微凝胶: 0.1-5
水: 余量。
微凝胶代表直径为0.1-1μm的支链聚合物胶体颗粒,由于带电官能团之间的静电或空间排斥,其可在溶剂中显著溶胀。它们通过单体的定向聚合形成,或者通过合成或天然的带羧基或氨基聚合物的溶液的由pH引发的中和而形成。
直径为0.1-1μm的天然多糖的胶体溶液可被视为多糖微凝胶,其颗粒构成一种凝胶,该凝胶含有90-99%的水、(例如)低取代 (<40%)羧甲基纤维素或其与脂肪胺(丁胺、苄胺、乙二胺、六甲基二胺)形成的盐、含90-97%脱乙酰的壳聚糖及其与有机酸的盐、甲基的残留量<25%的果胶物质及其与脂肪胺(丁胺、苄胺、乙二胺、六甲基二胺)的盐、改性淀粉或能够形成亚微米尺寸的稳定凝胶的其它物质。
为了制备更高稳定性的多糖凝胶,使用二羧酸的酸酐或活化醚、二异氰化物、二异氰酸酯或其它交联剂,使多糖的聚合物链化学交联。在本发明中使用的多糖微凝胶也可以通过物理缔合产生。
可以用疏水性聚集体取代基改性多糖微凝胶,疏水性聚集体取代基可由具有C6-C18长链的非支链烷基聚集体基团构成。天然油的脂肪酸,例如椰子、大豆、向日葵、油菜籽等,可以用作具有C6-C18 长链的非支链烷基的原料。用具有C6-C18长链的非支链烷基改性的多糖微凝胶易被氧化。因此,它们对生态和人类最安全。也可以使用其它疏水基团,例如支链烷基取代基、芳基取代基、具有两个脂族取代基的氨基酸残基等。优选地,用疏水聚集体改性的多糖微凝胶应具有5%至50%的取代度。当取代度小于5%时,多糖微凝胶可能开始显示低表面活性。当取代度高于50%时,微凝胶可能会失去其水溶性,从而不太可能用于洗涤剂中。用疏水性聚集体基团改性的多糖微凝胶的特征在于具有大的表面活性,因此它们优选作为增稠剂或减小相间张力的表面活性剂组分。未改性的多糖微凝胶主要用作抗再吸收剂。在上述两种情况下,在洗涤剂中使用多糖微凝胶都可以降低洗涤剂中的表面活性剂的浓度。
多糖微凝胶可与各种表面活性剂组合包含在中性、酸性或碱性洗涤剂中。它们也可用作洗涤剂的基础产品,同时具有表面活性。将多糖微凝胶与表面活性剂组合,它们的选择应基于表面活性剂的组成。具有带正电荷的表面的微凝胶可以与阳离子表面活性剂组合使用,而具有带负电荷的表面的微凝胶可以与阴离子或非离子表面活性剂组合使用。例如,在中性或酸性条件下,具有羧甲基纤维素、淀粉或果胶的多糖微凝胶可与阴离子或非离子表面活性剂组合使用。另一方面,具有基于壳聚糖的氨基的多糖微凝胶可与阳离子表面活性剂组合使用。总的来说,组合洗涤剂中的组分的规则可以通过在混合带有相反电荷的组分时形成不溶性沉积物所表现出的负面效应来解释。
以干重计的多糖微凝胶的总浓度应在0.1-5%范围内。较低浓度产生的抗再吸收效果和表面活性较弱,而在较高浓度下,微凝胶可能占据整个洗涤剂体积,使其过于粘稠。
表面活性剂的聚集体可包括许多种类,例如阴离子、非离子、阳离子和两性表面活性剂。可以使用诸如十二烷基硫酸钠、烷基磺酸及其盐、脂肪酸盐的阴离子物质,诸如椰子油脂肪酸二乙醇酰胺糖苷或氧乙基化脂肪醇的非离子物质,诸如脂肪胺的季铵盐、脂肪酸的甜菜碱、酰基胆碱的阳离子物质、以及其它已知的表面活性剂。洗涤剂中表面活性剂的总浓度不得超过15%,因为高于此的浓度会构成对使用者的潜在危害。
酸可包括各种有机和/或无机酸:乙酸、正磷酸、氨基磺酸、柠檬酸、或一些其它酸。
碱可包括各种有机或无机碱,例如苛性钠、脂族胺或其它已知的碱。
洗涤剂中的酸和碱的总浓度可在很宽的范围内变化,但通常在 0.1至50%的范围内。该浓度范围确保在用水稀释洗涤剂时达到所需的酸或碱浓度或所需的pH水平。
洗涤剂可含有允许用于食品或化妆品生产的各种辅助成分,例如水溶助剂(尿素、甜菜碱、苯甲酸盐、水杨酸盐、邻苯二甲酸盐、草酸盐或对氨基苯磺酸盐、甲苯磺酸盐等)、有机溶剂(乙醇、甲氧基乙醇、甲氧基丙醇)、防腐剂(甲基异噻唑、苯甲酸、山梨酸、对羟基苯甲酸烷基酯)、增稠剂(葡萄糖酸钠、聚硅酸盐、多磷酸盐)、染料和芳香化剂。
本发明的特征在于其新特性、本技术领域内的新技术,即将多糖微凝胶用于洗涤剂中作为抗再吸收剂、增稠剂或减小相间边界张力的试剂。多糖微凝胶在目标表面上沉淀,产生更强和热力学稳定的亲水膜,防止天然污染物和硬颗粒再次疏水性沉淀。此外,由于多糖微凝胶对疏水性污染物具有高亲和力,多糖微凝胶可以在疏水性污染物的表面上形成粘性薄膜,这也能防止它们在清洁表面上再次沉淀。多糖微凝胶还可通过产生稳定的泡沫来稳定空气/水相间边界;它们还通过在溶液中产生网状结构而显著增加洗涤剂的粘度。
由于上述特性,多糖微凝胶消除了将额外的表面活性剂引入到洗涤剂中的必要性;它们可以代替传统的表面活性剂,从而确保实现所要求保护的技术目标,即,减少洗涤剂中表面活性剂的用量,同时保持洗涤剂的去污力;同时,由于多糖微凝胶对环境和人类是安全的,它们改善了洗涤剂的生态特性和安全性。多糖微凝胶的上述性质是现有技术所未知的,即在洗涤剂中使用它们作为碱或添加剂,以此排除二次污染、产生良好的发泡和增加洗涤剂的粘度。
上述讨论表明,本发明是新颖的,对于所属技术领域的专业人员来说并非显而易见。因此,本发明符合关于“新颖性”和“创造性”的专利标准。
本发明可允许使用众所周知的材料和众所周知的生产方法,这表明本专利符合关于“实用性”的专利标准。
在实验室中对本发明进行了测试。测试结果见表1和2,将多糖微凝胶作为碱或添加剂的洗涤剂实施例中也做了介绍。
为了获得关于所获得的技术结果的客观数据,使用不含多糖微凝胶的已知洗涤剂的组合物作为这些实验的基础。测量这些不含多糖微凝胶的洗涤剂的去污力,然后设计具有较低表面活性剂浓度、含有多糖微凝胶作为碱或添加剂、去污力相当的类似洗涤剂。
测量洗涤剂的去污力包括制备由脂肪和不同性质硬颗粒的混合物构成的模型污染物,将这些污染物涂抹到表面,在标准条件下用 0.2%的洗涤剂溶液处理污染的表面,并测量用有机溶剂从表面洗掉污染物后的残留污染物。
制备多糖微凝胶包括通过水解、羧甲基化、烷基化、酰化、氨解或肼解来改性原始多糖,或使它们与脂族胺反应,或通过Ugi反应,或(在一些情况下)通过多糖与二醚、二胺、二醛、二异氰化物、二异氰酸酯、二异氰化物、京尼平或其它交联剂的反应的化学交联。然后添加酸或碱溶液达到确保形成微凝胶颗粒的最佳pH值。
制备洗涤剂一般包括在去离子水中制备表面活性剂溶液,同时制备多糖微凝胶悬浮液,在剧烈搅拌下将两者混合,然后加入酸、碱、防腐剂、水溶助长物质、螯合剂和其它辅助组分。
通过以下洗涤剂组合物的实施例说明所要求保护的发明组,所述洗涤剂组合物含有未被疏水基团修饰的多糖微凝胶。
实施例1.餐具刀具洗涤液(中性pH)。
以干重计,基于羧甲基纤维素(CMC)的微凝胶:1%;十二烷基醚硫酸钠(椰油基):4.5%;椰油酰二乙醇胺(椰油基):1.8%;食盐:4%;水溶助剂4%;防腐剂;0.1%。微凝胶的引入使阴离子和非离子表面活性剂的总浓度从10%降低至6.3%而不影响去污力。
实施例2.用于日常清洁的通用家用液体(中性pH)。
以干重计,果胶铵盐基微凝胶:0.5%;烷基苯甲酸钠:4.0%;椰油酰二乙醇胺(椰油基):2.5%;水溶助剂:4%,防腐剂:0.1%。该微凝胶使阴离子和非离子表面活性剂的总浓度从10%降低至6.5%而不影响去污力。
实施例3.低过敏原性液体皂(中性pH)
以干重计,羧甲基化淀粉基微凝胶:3%;十二烷基醚硫酸钠(椰油基):3.5%;烷基苯甲酸钠:1%;椰油酰二乙醇胺(椰油基): 2.0%;甘油:2%;水溶助剂:4%;防腐剂:0.1%。该微凝胶使阴离子和非离子表面活性剂的总浓度从10%降低至6.5%而不影响去污力。
实施例4.地板清洁剂(中性pH)
以干重计,基于壳聚糖的微凝胶:0.1%;十六烷基三甲基氯化铵: 4.0%;ElotantCSAE120(APG 8-10):1.8%;防腐剂:0.1%。该微凝胶使阴离子和非离子表面活性剂的总浓度从10%降低至5.8%而不影响去污力。
实施例5.用于玻璃和镜面清洁的中性液体(中性pH)
以干重计,基于果胶的微凝胶:0.3%;Elotant CSAE120(APG 8-10):3.5%;防腐剂:0.1%。该微凝胶使阴离子和非离子表面活性剂的总浓度从10%降低至3.5%而不影响去污力。
实施例6.地毯和室内装潢品清洁剂(中性pH)
以干重计,羧甲基化淀粉基微凝胶:1.5%;十二烷基醚硫酸钠(椰油基):4.2%;椰油酰二乙醇胺(椰油基):2.1%;甲氧基丙醇: 5%;水溶助剂:4%;防腐剂:0.1%。该微凝胶使阴离子和非离子表面活性剂的总浓度从10%降低至6.3%而不影响去污力。
实施例7.瓷砖专业清洁剂(弱酸性pH)
以干重计,基于CMC的微凝胶:1%;醋酸:12%;Elotant CSAE (APG 8-10):3.8%;椰油酰二乙醇胺(椰油基):1.0%;防腐剂:0.1%。
该微凝胶使阴离子和非离子表面活性剂的总浓度从10%降低至 4.8%而不影响去污力。
实施例8.灶炉具用碱性清洁剂(强碱性pH)
以干重计,基于壳聚糖的微凝胶:2%;苛性钠:15%;Elotant Milcoside100(APG8-10):2.0%;螯合剂:0.2%。该微凝胶使阴离子和非离子表面活性剂的总浓度从5%降低至2%而不影响去污力。
实施例9.卫生洁具清洁剂(强酸性pH)
以干重计,基于CMC的微凝胶:1%;氨基磺酸:10%;草酸: 10%;乙氧基乙基化醇乙氧基化醇:1.5%;防腐剂:0.1%。该微凝胶使阴离子和非离子表面活性剂的总浓度从5%降低至1.5%而不影响去污力。
实施例10.专业酸性清洁剂(强酸性pH)
以干重计,基于CMC的微凝胶:5%;正磷酸:10%;草酸:15%;乙氧基乙基化醇乙氧基化醇:0.5%;防腐剂:0.1%。该微凝胶使阴离子和非离子表面活性剂的总浓度从2%降低至0.5%而不影响去污力。
通过含有用疏水性聚集体改性的多糖微凝胶的洗涤剂的以下实施例解释本发明。
实施例11.餐具刀具洗涤液,组合物1(中性pH)
基于羧甲基纤维素(CMC)的微凝胶,用脂肪族取代物C8改性,取代度为15.0%,以干重计的浓度为1.0%;十二烷基醚硫酸钠(椰油基):3.8%;椰油酰二乙醇胺(椰油基):1.7%;水溶助剂:4.0%;防腐剂:0.1%。该微凝胶将阴离子和非离子表面活性剂的总浓度从 10%降低至5.5%,并从组合物中除去食盐,同时不影响去污力。
实施例12.餐具刀具洗涤液,组合物2(中性pH)
基于果胶的微凝胶,用基于椰子油C8-C16的脂肪族取代基改性,取代度为25.0%,以干重计的浓度为0.5%;十二烷基醚硫酸钠(椰油基):5.1%;椰油酰二乙醇胺(椰油基):2.0%;水溶助剂:4.0%;防腐剂:0.1%。添加该微凝胶使阴离子和非离子表面活性剂的总浓度从10%降至7.1%,并从组合物中除去食盐,同时不影响去污力。
实施例13.低过敏原性液体皂(中性pH)
基于淀粉的微凝胶,用基于椰子油C8-C18的脂肪族取代基改性,取代度为50.0%,以干重计的浓度为2.0%;烷基苯硫酸钠:1.2%;椰油酰二乙醇胺(椰油基):1.8%;甘油:2.0%;水溶助长物质: 4.0%;防腐剂:0.1%。添加该微凝胶使阴离子和非离子表面活性剂的总浓度从10%降低至3.0%,同时不影响去污力。
实施例14.瓷砖专业清洁剂(弱酸性pH)
基于CMC的微凝胶,用脂肪族取代基C8改性,取代度为20.0%,以干重计的浓度为0.3%;乙酸:12.0%;Elotant CSAE120(APG 8-10): 4.2%;二乙醇胺椰油酰二乙醇胺(椰油基):1.1%;防腐剂:0.1%。添加该微凝胶使阴离子和非离子表面活性剂的总浓度从10%降至 5.3%,并从组合物中除去食盐,同时不影响去污力。
实施例15.用于清洁灶炉具的碱性清洁剂,组合物1(高碱性pH)
基于壳聚糖的微凝胶,用脂肪族取代基C12改性,取代度为 10.0%,以干重计的浓度为0.1%;苛性钠:15.0%;Elotant Milcoside (APG 8-10):1.0%;螯合剂:0.2%。添加该微凝胶使阴离子和非离子表面活性剂的总浓度从5%降至1.0%,并从组合物中除去增稠剂,同时不影响去污力。
实施例16.用于清洁厨房滚铣刀的碱性洗涤剂,组合物2(极碱性pH)
基于果胶的微凝胶,用脂肪族取代基C8改性,取代度为15.0%,以干重计的浓度为0.8%;苛性钠:15.0%;Elotant Milcoside100(APG 8-10):1.2%;螯合剂:0.2%。添加该微凝胶使阴离子和非离子表面活性剂的总浓度从5%降至1.2%,并从组合物中除去增稠剂,同时不影响去污力。
实施例17.卫生洁具清洁剂,组合物1(高酸性pH)。
基于CMC的微凝胶,用基于油加工产品C8-C16的支链脂肪族取代基改性,取代度为30.0%,以干重计的浓度为2.0%;氨基磺酸: 10.0%;防腐剂:0.1%。添加这种微凝胶消除所有阴离子和非离子表面活性剂和增稠剂,同时不影响去污力。
实施例18.卫生洁具清洁凝胶,组合物2(强酸性pH)
基于壳聚糖的微凝胶,用芳基取代基Ph改性,取代度为20.0%,以干重计的浓度为1.5%;氨基磺酸:10.0%;草酸:10.0%;防腐剂:0.1%。添加这种微凝胶消除所有阴离子和非离子表面活性剂和增稠剂,同时不影响去污力。
表1.含有多糖微凝胶的洗涤剂,未经疏水聚集体改性
表2.含有用疏水聚集体改性的多糖微凝胶的洗涤剂
Claims (13)
1.多糖微凝胶作为洗涤剂中的抗再吸收剂的应用。
2.多糖微凝胶作为洗涤剂中的增稠剂的应用。
3.多糖微凝胶用于在洗涤剂中降低相间边界处的表面张力的应用。
4.如在权利要求2或3中所述的应用,其特征在于用疏水性聚集体改性多糖微凝胶。
5.如在权利要求4中所述的应用,其特征在于用具有C6-C18长链的非支链烷基聚集体改性多糖微凝胶。
6.如在权利要求4中所述的应用,其特征在于用疏水聚集体改性的多糖微凝胶具有5%至50%的取代度。
7.一种包括水、表面活性剂和抗再吸收剂的洗涤剂,其特征在于多糖微凝胶用作抗再吸收剂,并且其组成以质量%计如下:
表面活性剂: 0.1-15
多糖微凝胶: 0.1-5
水: 余量。
8.一种包括水、表面活性剂和增稠剂的洗涤剂,其特征在于多糖微凝胶具有增稠剂的功能,并且其组成以质量%计如下:
表面活性剂: 0.1-15
多糖微凝胶: 0.1-5
水: 余量。
9.一种包括水和降低相间边界处的表面张力的试剂的洗涤剂,其特征在于多糖微凝胶具有降低相间边界处的表面张力的功能,并且其组成以质量%计如下:
多糖微凝胶: 0.1-5
水: 余量。
10.如权利要求7-9中任一项所述的洗涤剂,其特征在于它含有占0.1-50质量%的一系列酸。
11.如权利要求7-9中任一项所述的洗涤剂,其特征在于它含有占0.1-50质量%的一系列碱。
12.如权利要求7-9中任一项所述的洗涤剂,其特征在于多糖微凝胶代表基于改性淀粉和/或果胶、和/或羧甲基纤维素、和/或壳聚糖的微凝胶。
13.如权利要求9中所述的洗涤剂,其特征在于它含有占0.1-50质量%的表面活性剂。
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RU2017111137A RU2666546C1 (ru) | 2017-04-03 | 2017-04-03 | Применение микрогелей полисахаридов в качестве антиресорбционного агента в составе моющих средств и составы моющих средств с их применением (варианты) |
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RU2017116306A RU2663892C1 (ru) | 2017-05-10 | 2017-05-10 | Применение микрогелей полисахаридов, модифицированных гидрофобными группировками, в качестве основы или добавки для моющих средств и составы моющих средств с их применением (варианты) |
PCT/IB2017/055076 WO2018185539A1 (ru) | 2017-04-03 | 2017-08-23 | Применение микрогелей полисахаридов в составах моющих средств |
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