CN110847121A - Ecological cemented sand gravel bank slope toe component - Google Patents
Ecological cemented sand gravel bank slope toe component Download PDFInfo
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- CN110847121A CN110847121A CN201911229060.XA CN201911229060A CN110847121A CN 110847121 A CN110847121 A CN 110847121A CN 201911229060 A CN201911229060 A CN 201911229060A CN 110847121 A CN110847121 A CN 110847121A
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- sand gravel
- bank slope
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
- E02B3/12—Revetment of banks, dams, watercourses, or the like, e.g. the sea-floor
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/04—Portland cements
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
- E02B3/12—Revetment of banks, dams, watercourses, or the like, e.g. the sea-floor
- E02B3/14—Preformed blocks or slabs for forming essentially continuous surfaces; Arrangements thereof
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses an ecological cemented sand gravel bank slope toe component which comprises a plurality of water permeable water facing surfaces, fixed surfaces and connecting surfaces, wherein the water facing surfaces, the fixed surfaces and the connecting surfaces form a regular or irregular closed polygonal toe; the near water surface comprises the following components: aggregate, water reducing agent, reinforcing agent, cement and diatomite; the connecting surface and the fixing surface comprise the following components: sand gravel, fly ash and cement. The invention effectively reduces the scouring of the cemented sand gravel dam body by water flow, improves the engineering safety, saves the engineering cost and provides a certain living space for underwater organisms such as fish and the like through the closed slope toe consisting of the near water surface, the fixed surface and the connecting surface and the raw materials for manufacturing each surface.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of water conservancy and hydropower, and particularly relates to an ecological cemented sand gravel bank slope toe component.
Background
The bank slope of the traditional cemented sand gravel dam is generally set by adding slurry and vibrating cemented sand gravel or normal concrete, and the slope toe is not treated. However, the toe position of the dike is often washed by longitudinal water flow; for rivers with large river width and turbulent water flow, a horizontal anti-seepage cover with a certain length is usually required to be arranged and extends to a river bed to better protect a bank slope, but the engineering quantity is large, the cost of foundation treatment is high, and the overall construction cost of the engineering is high.
The conventional cemented sand gravel embankment is generally of a trapezoidal section, and at the bottom of an inclined bank slope, cemented sand gravel at the bottom can be washed loose or damaged due to the washing of silt carried by water flow. The rich-slurry cemented sand gravel or normal concrete bank slope can generally avoid scouring of water flow to a certain degree, but water organisms such as fish, shellfish, algae and the like can lose inhabited places due to hardening of the bank slope, so that the number of water organism populations in the river is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects, the invention provides an ecological cemented sand gravel bank slope toe component, which effectively reduces the scouring of water flow to a cemented sand gravel dam body, improves the engineering safety, saves the engineering cost and simultaneously provides a certain living space for underwater organisms such as fishes and the like through a closed toe consisting of a near water surface, a fixed surface and a connecting surface and raw materials for manufacturing each surface.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: the ecological cemented sand gravel bank slope toe component comprises a plurality of water permeable water-facing surfaces, fixed surfaces and connecting surfaces, wherein the water-facing surfaces, the fixed surfaces and the connecting surfaces form a regular or irregular closed polygonal toe, the connecting surfaces are obliquely arranged and are fixed with a bank slope, the fixed surfaces are horizontally arranged below the toe, one of the water-facing surfaces is vertically arranged on the fixed surface, and a plurality of inlets and outlets are arranged on the vertical water-facing surface on the toe at intervals;
the water-facing surface is prepared by mixing the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40-80 parts of 200-350-mesh aggregate, 0.1-0.3 part of water reducing agent, 0.01-0.1 part of reinforcing agent, 20-40 parts of cement and 8-18 parts of diatomite;
the connecting surface and the fixing surface are prepared by mixing the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40-60 parts of sand gravel, 15-30 parts of fly ash and 10-20 parts of cement.
Further, the near water surface comprises the following components in parts by weight: 60 parts of 200-350-mesh aggregate, 0.2 part of water reducing agent, 0.05 part of reinforcing agent, 30 parts of cement and 13 parts of diatomite.
Further, the aggregate is a mixture formed by mixing calcite, ceramsite and sand gravel according to the mass ratio of 6-8:1-2: 1-2.
Further, the water reducing agent is a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent, and the cement is P.O 42.5.5 ordinary portland cement.
Further, the reinforcing agent comprises the following components in parts by weight: 1-1.5 parts of organic silicon methyl sodium silicate, 4-6 parts of polyvinyl alcohol and 0.5-1 part of hydroxypropyl cellulose.
Further, the reinforcing agent comprises the following components in parts by weight: 1.3 parts of organosilicon sodium methylsilicate, 5 parts of polyvinyl alcohol and 0.7 part of hydroxypropyl cellulose.
Further, the connecting surface and the fixing surface comprise the following components in parts by weight: 50 parts of sand gravel, 23 parts of fly ash and 15 parts of cement.
Furthermore, the slope toe is of a hollow structure and is trapezoidal or triangular in shape.
Further, the angle between the connecting surface and the horizontal direction is 30-60 degrees.
In summary, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the method is characterized in that a plurality of hollow polygonal slope toe members are arranged at the position of a slope toe of a bank slope, a circular opening is arranged at a proper position of each member, and the members are arranged between water flow and the slope toe of the bank slope, so that the water-facing slope toe of the anti-seepage panel of the dike can be effectively prevented from being washed by the water flow; in addition, due to the self weight of the bank slope and the water pressure, the trapezoidal or triangular structure is selected, so that the stability is higher compared with a rectangular component; the vertical near water surface can ensure that the flow velocity around the opening is basically consistent with the flow velocity of river water, can improve the water flow velocity of the inner space to a certain extent and accelerate the updating of the water in the member; the component reduces the scouring of water flow to the cemented sand gravel dam body, improves the engineering safety, saves the engineering cost, ensures that the interior has the activity space of aquatic organisms due to the hollow interior and the circular opening arranged at the proper position, and provides convenience for the inhabitation of the aquatic organisms.
2. When flood floods and the flow rate of the river channel is large, the inlet and the outlet of the component can be temporarily closed, so that the internal water flow approaches to a relatively static state, the water flow at the opening can be discharged at a relatively slow speed, and sundries such as silt or garbage carried by the flood cannot enter the opening. The structure is integrated with the cemented sand gravel embankment, so that the collapse phenomenon is avoided, and the structure can resist flood by means of self weight. If necessary, a weight such as a stone may be added to the member for fixation, or welding, anchoring, or the like may be performed on the structure.
3. When the member is trapezoidal, the upper bottom and the vertical waist are the water surface, the lower bottom and the obliquely arranged waist are respectively a fixed surface and a connecting surface, and when the member is triangular, only one water surface is on the water surface. The water surface is made of a water permeable material, a plurality of gaps are formed in the water permeable material, the porosity is high, so that a water body can pass through, and the raw materials are common materials, so that the cost is low, and the water permeable material is convenient to popularize and use; the member can permeate water while meeting the rigidity requirement, and can not bear pressure exceeding the self limit when the water flow is large, and can also bear the scouring of the water flow, so that the service life of the member is prolonged; the fixing surface and the connecting surface are made of cemented sand gravel materials similar to those of the bank slope, so that the connection and the fixation are more firm and stable. The component can improve the scour resistance of the upstream face of the dike on one hand, and provides a good inhabitation environment for fishes and plankton on the other hand.
4. All components of the slope toe are mutually connected and communicated with each other, so that on one hand, plankton such as fish can be determined to enter an internal activity space, and the weight and the cost can be reduced, thereby being beneficial to transportation and installation. The fish can freely enter the member through the passageway to provide a habitat for the fish and plankton, and the passageway can be set to be in a size and a shape according to the type of the fish in the river where the member is located.
5. The near-water surface prepared from the raw materials provided by the method has good water permeable effect and stable performance, takes calcite, ceramsite and sand gravel mixed as aggregate, has stable structure, can bear certain pressure, is internally provided with a plurality of gaps, has high porosity and is convenient for water flow to pass through; the porous diatomite is added into the raw materials as a water permeable material, so that the water permeability of the diatomite can be enhanced; the polycarboxylate superplasticizer can greatly reduce the water consumption of pervious concrete, reduce the water-cement ratio and obviously improve the strength, and the water reducer is combined with the reinforcing agent to ensure that the near water surface has better water permeating and retaining functions, so that water can quickly pass through the near water surface and the pressure of the water on the near water surface is reduced; the cement is used as cementing agent to connect the raw materials to form the water surface. The raw materials of the connecting surface and the fixing surface have higher strength, and can be better fixed on a bank slope and the water bottom, so that the integral stability of the slope toe component is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a trapezoidal toe;
FIG. 2 is a side view of a trapezoidal toe;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a triangular toe;
fig. 4 is a side view of a triangular toe.
Wherein, 1, a bank slope; 2. is near the water surface; 3. a fixed surface; 4. a connecting surface; 5. and (7) an inlet and an outlet.
Detailed Description
Example 1
An ecological cemented sand gravel bank slope toe component comprises a plurality of water permeable facing surfaces, fixed surfaces and connecting surfaces, wherein the facing surfaces, the fixed surfaces and the connecting surfaces form a regular or irregular closed polygonal toe, the connecting surfaces are obliquely arranged and are fixed with a bank slope, the fixed surfaces are horizontally arranged below the toe, one of the facing surfaces is vertically arranged on the fixed surface, and a plurality of inlets and outlets are arranged on the vertical facing surface on the toe at intervals; when the member is trapezoidal, as shown in fig. 1-2, the upper base and the vertical waist are near water surface 2, and the lower base and the inclined waist are respectively fixed surface 3 and connecting surface 4.
The near water surface 2 comprises the following components in parts by weight: 40 parts of 200-mesh 350-mesh aggregate, 0.1 part of polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent, 0.01 part of reinforcing agent, 20 parts of P.O 42.5.5 ordinary portland cement and 8 parts of diatomite;
the connecting surface 4 and the fixing surface 3 comprise the following components in parts by weight: 40 parts of sand gravel, 15 parts of fly ash and 10 parts of cement.
Wherein the aggregate is a mixture formed by mixing calcite, ceramsite and sand gravel according to the mass ratio of 6:1: 1; the reinforcing agent comprises the following components in parts by weight: 1 part of organic silicon methyl sodium silicate, 4 parts of polyvinyl alcohol and 0.5 part of hydroxypropyl cellulose.
Example 2
An ecological cemented sand gravel bank slope toe component comprises a plurality of water permeable facing surfaces, fixed surfaces and connecting surfaces, wherein the facing surfaces, the fixed surfaces and the connecting surfaces form a regular or irregular closed polygonal toe, the connecting surfaces are obliquely arranged and are fixed with a bank slope, the fixed surfaces are horizontally arranged below the toe, one of the facing surfaces is vertically arranged on the fixed surface, and a plurality of inlets and outlets are arranged on the vertical facing surface on the toe at intervals; when the member is triangular, as shown in fig. 3-4, only one of the waterside surfaces 2 is provided, and the other two surfaces are a connecting surface and a fixing surface.
The near water surface 2 comprises the following components in parts by weight: 60 parts of 200-mesh 350-mesh aggregate, 0.2 part of polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent, 0.05 part of reinforcing agent, 30 parts of P.O 42.5.5 ordinary portland cement and 13 parts of diatomite;
the connecting surface 4 and the fixing surface 3 comprise the following components in parts by weight: 50 parts of sand gravel, 23 parts of fly ash and 15 parts of cement.
Wherein the aggregate is a mixture formed by mixing calcite, ceramsite and sand gravel according to the mass ratio of 7:17: 17; the reinforcing agent comprises the following components in parts by weight: 1.3 parts of organosilicon sodium methylsilicate, 5 parts of polyvinyl alcohol and 0.7 part of hydroxypropyl cellulose.
Example 3
An ecological cemented sand gravel bank slope toe component comprises a plurality of water permeable facing surfaces, fixed surfaces and connecting surfaces, wherein the facing surfaces, the fixed surfaces and the connecting surfaces form a regular or irregular closed polygonal toe, the connecting surfaces are obliquely arranged and are fixed with a bank slope, the fixed surfaces are horizontally arranged below the toe, one of the facing surfaces is vertically arranged on the fixed surface, and a plurality of inlets and outlets are arranged on the vertical facing surface on the toe at intervals; when the member is in other polygonal shapes, the inclined connecting surface is fixed with the bank slope, the fixing surface is arranged below, one of the waterside surfaces is vertically arranged on the fixing surface, and the other waterside surfaces and the three surfaces form a closed slope toe.
The near water surface 2 comprises the following components in parts by weight: 80 parts of 200-mesh 350-mesh aggregate, 0.3 part of polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent, 0.1 part of reinforcing agent, 40 parts of P.O 42.5.5 ordinary portland cement and 18 parts of diatomite;
the connecting surface 4 and the fixing surface 3 comprise the following components in parts by weight: 60 parts of sand gravel, 30 parts of fly ash and 20 parts of cement.
Wherein the aggregate is a mixture formed by mixing calcite, ceramsite and sand gravel according to the mass ratio of 8:2: 2; the reinforcing agent comprises the following components in parts by weight: 1.5 parts of organosilicon sodium methylsilicate, 6 parts of polyvinyl alcohol and 1 part of hydroxypropyl cellulose.
The toe member obtained by the performance test of the embodiment 1-3 has the advantages of compressive strength of more than 28MPa, water permeability coefficient of 2.4mm/s, structural performance stability, low raw material cost and convenience in popularization and use, and is higher than the performance of most of the existing toe water permeable materials.
While the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the illustrated embodiments, it should not be construed as limited to the scope of the present patent. Various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art without inventive step within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (9)
1. An ecological cemented sand gravel bank slope toe component is characterized by comprising a plurality of water permeable water facing surfaces (2), fixed surfaces (3) and connecting surfaces (4), wherein the water facing surfaces (2), the fixed surfaces (3) and the connecting surfaces (4) form regular or irregular closed polygonal toe, the connecting surfaces (4) are obliquely arranged, the connecting surfaces (4) are fixed with a bank slope (1), the fixed surfaces (3) are horizontally arranged below the toe, one of the water facing surfaces (2) is vertically arranged on the fixed surfaces (3), and a plurality of inlets and outlets (5) are arranged on the vertical water facing surface (2) on the toe at intervals;
the water-facing surface (2) is prepared by mixing the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40-80 parts of 200-350-mesh aggregate, 0.1-0.3 part of water reducing agent, 0.01-0.1 part of reinforcing agent, 20-40 parts of cement and 8-18 parts of diatomite;
the connecting surface (4) and the fixing surface (3) are prepared by mixing the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40-60 parts of sand gravel, 15-30 parts of fly ash and 10-20 parts of cement.
2. The ecotype cemented sand gravel bank slope toe component as claimed in claim 1, wherein the waterside surface (2) comprises the following components in parts by weight: 60 parts of 200-350-mesh aggregate, 0.2 part of water reducing agent, 0.05 part of reinforcing agent, 30 parts of cement and 13 parts of diatomite.
3. The ecological cemented sand gravel slope toe component as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the aggregate is a mixture of calcite, ceramsite and sand gravel in a mass ratio of 6-8:1-2: 1-2.
4. The ecotype cemented sand gravel bank slope toe component of claim 1 or 2, wherein the water reducing agent is a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent, and the cement is P.O 42.5.5 ordinary portland cement.
5. The ecotype cemented sand gravel bank slope toe component as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the reinforcing agent comprises the following components in parts by weight: 1-1.5 parts of organic silicon methyl sodium silicate, 4-6 parts of polyvinyl alcohol and 0.5-1 part of hydroxypropyl cellulose.
6. The ecotype cemented sand and gravel bank slope toe component as claimed in claim 5, wherein the reinforcing agent comprises the following components in parts by weight: 1.3 parts of organosilicon sodium methylsilicate, 5 parts of polyvinyl alcohol and 0.7 part of hydroxypropyl cellulose.
7. The ecotype cemented sand gravel bank slope toe component as claimed in claim 1, wherein the connecting surface and the fixing surface comprise the following components in parts by weight: 50 parts of sand gravel, 23 parts of fly ash and 15 parts of cement.
8. The ecotype cemented sand and gravel bank slope toe component of claim 1, wherein the toe is of a hollow structure and is trapezoidal or triangular in shape.
9. Ecotypic cemented gravel bank slope foot component according to claim 1, characterised in that the connection face (4) is angled 30-60 ° to the horizontal.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911229060.XA CN110847121B (en) | 2019-12-04 | 2019-12-04 | Ecological cemented sand gravel bank slope toe component |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911229060.XA CN110847121B (en) | 2019-12-04 | 2019-12-04 | Ecological cemented sand gravel bank slope toe component |
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| CN110847121A true CN110847121A (en) | 2020-02-28 |
| CN110847121B CN110847121B (en) | 2020-07-31 |
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Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2004232423A (en) * | 2003-01-31 | 2004-08-19 | Minoru Kiuchi | Slope-toe structure of river |
| CN202595701U (en) * | 2011-11-18 | 2012-12-12 | 陈小刚 | Plant percolation building block |
| CN103114758A (en) * | 2011-11-17 | 2013-05-22 | 成都刘艺园林科研所 | Bridge type water-garden building |
| CN104727273A (en) * | 2015-02-09 | 2015-06-24 | 东南大学 | Self-embedding type building block for upright embankment ecological remediation and ecological remediation method |
| CN108439916A (en) * | 2018-05-18 | 2018-08-24 | 嘉兴盛装透水路面材料科技有限公司 | The preparation method of pervious concrete is factory produced |
| CN109503208A (en) * | 2018-11-19 | 2019-03-22 | 青岛崇置混凝土工程有限公司 | High-intensitive pervious concrete and preparation method thereof |
-
2019
- 2019-12-04 CN CN201911229060.XA patent/CN110847121B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2004232423A (en) * | 2003-01-31 | 2004-08-19 | Minoru Kiuchi | Slope-toe structure of river |
| CN103114758A (en) * | 2011-11-17 | 2013-05-22 | 成都刘艺园林科研所 | Bridge type water-garden building |
| CN202595701U (en) * | 2011-11-18 | 2012-12-12 | 陈小刚 | Plant percolation building block |
| CN104727273A (en) * | 2015-02-09 | 2015-06-24 | 东南大学 | Self-embedding type building block for upright embankment ecological remediation and ecological remediation method |
| CN108439916A (en) * | 2018-05-18 | 2018-08-24 | 嘉兴盛装透水路面材料科技有限公司 | The preparation method of pervious concrete is factory produced |
| CN109503208A (en) * | 2018-11-19 | 2019-03-22 | 青岛崇置混凝土工程有限公司 | High-intensitive pervious concrete and preparation method thereof |
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| CN110847121B (en) | 2020-07-31 |
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