CN110846144A - 柴油颗粒捕集器灰分清洗液及其制备方法 - Google Patents

柴油颗粒捕集器灰分清洗液及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN110846144A
CN110846144A CN201911100219.8A CN201911100219A CN110846144A CN 110846144 A CN110846144 A CN 110846144A CN 201911100219 A CN201911100219 A CN 201911100219A CN 110846144 A CN110846144 A CN 110846144A
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diesel particulate
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吴章辉
姜杨
赵鹏
庞磊
何大礼
钟小华
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Dongfeng Commercial Vehicle Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种柴油颗粒捕集器灰分清洗液及其制备方法，该灰分清洗液按质量份数计由如下原料组成：表面活性剂助剂1～10份、表面活性剂5～15份、灰分清除剂5～15份、螯合剂1～10份、缓蚀剂0.05～0.15份、消泡剂0.05～0.15份、分散剂0.05～0.15份，余量为水。本发明提供的清洗液可快速溶解DPF灰分中的金属氧化物、硫酸盐、磷酸盐、硅酸盐和氯化物，使其反应形成溶于水的化合物，被水溶液所带走并排出，经反应形成的化合物具有表面活性，有助于对碳烟颗粒的溶解清洗。

Description

柴油颗粒捕集器灰分清洗液及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及尾气排放装置颗粒捕集器清灰的技术领域，具体涉及一种柴油颗粒捕集器灰分清洗液及其制备方法。
背景技术
我国正式进入“国六”排放时代，国六除了对NOx和PM排放进行了更严格的规定，还规定了CO、HC、NH3等排放限值，同时也增加了对PM(颗粒物)排放的监控，这对发动机的尾气处理技术提出了更高的要求。国六对PM(颗粒物)的限值相对于国五严格了不少，通过优化标定、进排气相位等手段已经无法让原机PM排放在满足动力性的同时还满足法规要求，因此只能通过加装颗粒捕集器(DPF)后处理来解决。
柴油颗粒捕集器DPF成为国六后处理必备的组件。DPF是一种多孔的蜂窝结构，在使用过程中，碳烟颗粒和灰分会在DPF孔道内逐渐累积，进而导致排气背压升高，诱发DPF再生，绝大部分碳烟颗粒在DPF再生环节可以被烧掉，但是来自润滑油中的灰分会在DPF孔道中逐渐累积，灰分无法被烧掉，因此会在DPF中越积越多，灰分增多会导致发动机动力性和经济性下降，从而影响车辆的使用性能。在累积到一定程度后，必须进行DPF清灰操作。现有的清灰解决方案是，采用高压空气进行吹扫。空气吹扫清灰的主要有以下缺点：(1)清灰效果差，缩短DPF的清灰里程；(2)DPF尺寸不能过大，不适合中重型商用车清灰；(3)需要预加热，不节能；(4)设备价格昂贵，保养成本高。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于克服上述背景技术的不足，提供一种柴油颗粒捕集器灰分清洗液及其制备方法，该柴油颗粒捕集器灰分清洗液清灰效果好，对铂、钯、铑、铈等催化剂无损害，对氧化铝、不锈钢、碳化硅和菁青石等载体不反应，具有优异应用安全性。
为实现上述目的，本发明提供的一种柴油颗粒捕集器灰分清洗液，其特征在于：按质量份数计由如下原料组成：表面活性剂助剂1～10份、表面活性剂5～15份、灰分清除剂5～15份、螯合剂1～10份、缓蚀剂0.05～0.15份、消泡剂0.05～0.15份、分散剂0.05～0.15份，余量为水。
作为优选实施方式地，所述表面活性剂助剂选自正丁醇或正戊醇。
作为优选实施方式地，所述表面活性剂按质量份数计由20～40份十二烷基硫酸钠、10～30份月桂醇硫酸钠、40～60份异丙醇酰胺C13复配而成。
作为优选实施方式地，所述灰分清除剂按质量份数计由5～15份羟基乙叉二膦酸、45～55份乙酸、15～25份酒石酸、10～20份乙二醇、0～10份十二烷基苯磺酸钠复配而成。
作为优选实施方式地，所述螯合剂按质量份数计由40～60份EDTA-2Na、15～35份乙二胺二邻苯基乙酸钠、15～35份马来酸丙烯酸共聚物复配而成。
作为优选实施方式地，所述缓蚀剂选自膦羧酸、苯并三唑、磺化木质素、油酸二乙醇胺、聚环氧琥珀酸、三乙醇胺硼酸酯中的一种。
作为优选实施方式地，所述消泡剂选自聚氧乙烯聚氧丙烯季戊四醇醚、聚氧乙烯聚氧丙醇胺醚、聚氧丙烯甘油醚或聚氧丙烯聚氧乙烯甘油醚中的一种。
作为优选实施方式地，所述分散剂为水解聚马来酸酐。
本发明还提供一种上述的柴油颗粒捕集器灰分清洗液的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
1)按质量份数配比将表面活性剂助剂、表面活性剂、灰分清除剂、水加入反应器中加热至50℃～70℃；
2)向反应器中加入螯合剂，并搅拌均匀；
3)降温至20℃～25℃加入缓蚀剂、消泡剂、分散剂，并搅拌均匀，即可。
与现有技术相比，本发明具有如下优点：
其一，本发明提供的清洗液可快速溶解DPF灰分中的金属氧化物、硫酸盐、磷酸盐、硅酸盐和氯化物，使其反应形成溶于水的化合物，被水溶液所带走并排出，经反应形成的化合物具有表面活性，有助于对碳烟颗粒的溶解清洗。
其二，本发明提供的清洗液清灰效果好，对铂、钯、铑、铈等催化剂无损害，对氧化铝、不锈钢、碳化硅和菁青石等载体不反应，具有优异应用安全性。
其三，本发明所涉及的原料成本较低，成品具有价格优势，制备方法简单，设备投入低，节能环保。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施案例详细说明本发明的实施情况，但它们并不构成对本发明的限定，仅作举例而已。同时通过说明本发明的优点将变得更加清楚和容易理解。
实施例1
本实施例提供一种柴油颗粒捕集器灰分清洗液，按质量份数计由如下原料组成：
Figure BDA0002269630380000031
Figure BDA0002269630380000041
上述的柴油颗粒捕集器灰分清洗液的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
1)按质量份数配比将表面活性剂助剂、表面活性剂、灰分清除剂、水加入反应器中加热至50℃；
2)向反应器中加入螯合剂，并搅拌均匀；
3)降温至20℃加入缓蚀剂、消泡剂、分散剂，并搅拌均匀，即可。
采用上述清洗液清洗DPF，以清洗前后DPF质量变化率作为评价标准，用实施例1清洗前后DPF质量变化率为2.5％。
实施例2
本实施例提供一种柴油颗粒捕集器灰分清洗液，按质量份数计由如下原料组成：
Figure BDA0002269630380000042
上述的柴油颗粒捕集器灰分清洗液的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
1)按质量份数配比将表面活性剂助剂、表面活性剂、灰分清除剂、水加入反应器中加热至70℃；
2)向反应器中加入螯合剂，并搅拌均匀；
3)降温至25℃加入缓蚀剂、消泡剂、分散剂，并搅拌均匀，即可。
采用上述清洗液清洗DPF，以清洗前后DPF质量变化率作为评价标准，用实施例2清洗前后DPF质量变化率为3.1％。
实施例3
本实施例提供一种柴油颗粒捕集器灰分清洗液，按质量份数计由如下原料组成：
Figure BDA0002269630380000051
上述的柴油颗粒捕集器灰分清洗液的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
1)按质量份数配比将表面活性剂助剂、表面活性剂、灰分清除剂、水加入反应器中加热至60℃；
2)向反应器中加入螯合剂，并搅拌均匀；
3)降温至25℃加入缓蚀剂、消泡剂、分散剂，并搅拌均匀，即可。
采用上述清洗液清洗DPF，以清洗前后DPF质量变化率作为评价标准，用实施例3清洗前后DPF质量变化率为2.8％。
实施例4
本实施例提供一种柴油颗粒捕集器灰分清洗液，按质量份数计由如下原料组成：
Figure BDA0002269630380000061
上述的柴油颗粒捕集器灰分清洗液的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
1)按质量份数配比将表面活性剂助剂、表面活性剂、灰分清除剂、水加入反应器中加热至60℃；
2)向反应器中加入螯合剂，并搅拌均匀；
3)降温至25℃加入缓蚀剂、消泡剂、分散剂，并搅拌均匀，即可。
采用上述清洗液清洗DPF，以清洗前后DPF质量变化率作为评价标准，用实施例4清洗前后DPF质量变化率为3.0％。
实施例5
本实施例提供一种柴油颗粒捕集器灰分清洗液，按质量份数计由如下原料组成：
Figure BDA0002269630380000071
上述的柴油颗粒捕集器灰分清洗液的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
1)按质量份数配比将表面活性剂助剂、表面活性剂、灰分清除剂、水加入反应器中加热至60℃；
2)向反应器中加入螯合剂，并搅拌均匀；
3)降温至25℃加入缓蚀剂、消泡剂、分散剂，并搅拌均匀，即可。
采用上述清洗液清洗DPF，以清洗前后DPF质量变化率作为评价标准，用实施例5清洗前后DPF质量变化率为1.5％。
实施例6
本实施例提供一种柴油颗粒捕集器灰分清洗液，按质量份数计由如下原料组成：
Figure BDA0002269630380000081
上述的柴油颗粒捕集器灰分清洗液的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
1)按质量份数配比将表面活性剂助剂、表面活性剂、灰分清除剂、水加入反应器中加热至60℃；
2)向反应器中加入螯合剂，并搅拌均匀；
3)降温至25℃加入缓蚀剂、消泡剂、分散剂，并搅拌均匀，即可。
采用上述清洗液清洗DPF，以清洗前后DPF质量变化率作为评价标准，用实施例6清洗前后DPF质量变化率为1.2％。
以上，仅为本发明的具体实施方式，应当指出，任何熟悉本领域的技术人员在本发明所揭示的技术范围内，可轻易想到的变化或替换，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内，其余未详细说明的为现有技术。

Claims (9)

1.一种柴油颗粒捕集器灰分清洗液，其特征在于：按质量份数计由如下原料组成：表面活性剂助剂1～10份、表面活性剂5～15份、灰分清除剂5～15份、螯合剂1～10份、缓蚀剂0.05～0.15份、消泡剂0.05～0.15份、分散剂0.05～0.15份，余量为水。
2.根据权利要求1所述的柴油颗粒捕集器灰分清洗液，其特征在于：所述表面活性剂助剂选自正丁醇或正戊醇。
3.根据权利要求1所述的柴油颗粒捕集器灰分清洗液，其特征在于：所述表面活性剂按质量份数计由20～40份十二烷基硫酸钠、10～30份月桂醇硫酸钠、40～60份异丙醇酰胺C13复配而成。
4.根据权利要求1所述的柴油颗粒捕集器灰分清洗液，其特征在于：所述灰分清除剂按质量份数计由5～15份羟基乙叉二膦酸、45～55份乙酸、15～25份酒石酸、10～20份乙二醇、0～10份十二烷基苯磺酸钠复配而成。
5.根据权利要求1所述的柴油颗粒捕集器灰分清洗液，其特征在于：所述螯合剂按质量份数计由40～60份EDTA-2Na、15～35份乙二胺二邻苯基乙酸钠、15～35份马来酸丙烯酸共聚物复配而成。
6.根据权利要求1所述的柴油颗粒捕集器灰分清洗液，其特征在于：所述缓蚀剂选自膦羧酸、苯并三唑、磺化木质素、油酸二乙醇胺、聚环氧琥珀酸、三乙醇胺硼酸酯中的一种。
7.根据权利要求1所述的柴油颗粒捕集器灰分清洗液，其特征在于：所述消泡剂选自聚氧乙烯聚氧丙烯季戊四醇醚、聚氧乙烯聚氧丙醇胺醚、聚氧丙烯甘油醚或聚氧丙烯聚氧乙烯甘油醚中的一种。
8.根据权利要求1所述的柴油颗粒捕集器灰分清洗液，其特征在于：所述分散剂为水解聚马来酸酐。
9.一种权利要求1～8任一项所述的柴油颗粒捕集器灰分清洗液的制备方法，其特征在于：包括如下步骤：
1)按质量份数配比将表面活性剂助剂、表面活性剂、灰分清除剂、水加入反应器中加热至50℃～70℃；
2)向反应器中加入螯合剂，并搅拌均匀；
3)降温至20℃～25℃加入缓蚀剂、消泡剂、分散剂，并搅拌均匀，即可。
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