CN110845755B - 发泡环氧胶膜、芳纶蜂窝夹芯板及其制备方法 - Google Patents

发泡环氧胶膜、芳纶蜂窝夹芯板及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN110845755B
CN110845755B CN201911147004.1A CN201911147004A CN110845755B CN 110845755 B CN110845755 B CN 110845755B CN 201911147004 A CN201911147004 A CN 201911147004A CN 110845755 B CN110845755 B CN 110845755B
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aramid
adhesive film
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贾金荣
李赛
吕保杰
吴东森
谢孔静
裴海帆
刘含茂
程海涛
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Zhuzhou Times New Material Technology Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种发泡环氧胶膜、芳纶蜂窝夹芯板及其制备方法，将环氧树脂、固化剂、发泡剂和溶剂混合配制得到发泡环氧树脂；将发泡环氧树脂均匀涂覆于芳纶毡上；将芳纶毡烘干去除溶剂，得到发泡环氧胶膜。使用发泡环氧胶膜将芳纶蜂窝芯侧边进行封边，然后固化，制成芳纶蜂窝夹芯板。本发明的发泡环氧胶膜使用结构疏松的芳纶毡增强，重量轻而且可调节，不会使芳纶蜂窝夹芯板重量大幅增加，而且芳纶毡是三维增强体，分子结构存在大量苯环，胶膜固化后强度较高；本发明的发泡环氧胶膜是中温固化体系，可以和芳纶蜂窝夹芯板同步固化后切边，避免了腻子刮涂带来的人工投入。

Description

发泡环氧胶膜、芳纶蜂窝夹芯板及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种芳纶蜂窝夹芯板封边用的发泡环氧胶膜、芳纶蜂窝夹芯板及其制备方法。
背景技术
芳纶蜂窝夹芯板由于其高强度、高刚度、阻燃、隔音、环保性能好，广泛用于航空、航天、轨道领域的承力、次承力结构。未经处理的芳纶蜂窝夹芯板在长期潮湿环境下容易吸湿，对夹芯板重量、尺寸、界面粘接性能造成不利影响。目前，芳纶蜂窝夹芯板的封边技术大多采用铝型材封边、刮涂腻子、填充发泡材料。
中国专利CN103590532A公布了一种蜂窝夹芯方舱壁板封边结构及封边方法，该专利是用腻子刮刀将低密度环氧腻子刮涂于蜂窝夹芯板外露蜂格处，刮涂整齐。该发明的优点是在方舱壁板任意位置、任意形状随机开孔后快速封边，但是面对大尺寸方舱壁板还是需要投入较多的人工去刮涂，且刮涂质量不稳定。
中国专利CN2366469Y公布了一种封边加固防水防潮纸蜂窝夹芯板，由蜂窝芯与纸面板胶合而成。该发明在纸蜂窝夹芯板四周填充发泡材料，且在表面设置了防水涂料层，但是该夹层板填充的发泡材料强度较低的聚氨酯或者聚酯树脂，且不能和纸蜂窝夹芯板同步固化，成型工序较多。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是，克服以上背景技术中提到的不足和缺陷，提供一种重量轻、能与夹芯板同步固化且强度较高的发泡环氧胶膜、芳纶蜂窝夹芯板及其制备方法。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明提出的技术方案为：
一种发泡环氧胶膜的制备方法，包括下述的步骤：
S1.将环氧树脂、固化剂、发泡剂和溶剂混合配制得到发泡环氧树脂；
S2.将S1得到的发泡环氧树脂均匀涂覆于芳纶毡上；
S3.将S2得到的芳纶毡烘干去除溶剂，得到发泡环氧胶膜。
进一步的，S1中原料按质量份包括：100份环氧树脂、10～20份固化剂、3～10份发泡剂、50～100份溶剂。
进一步的，所述芳纶毡由芳纶1313纤维与芳纶1414纤维混合、针刺而成。
进一步的，所述芳纶1313纤维与芳纶1414纤维质量比为(1～1.5):1。
进一步的，所述芳纶毡单位面积重量在220～550g/m2。
进一步的，S3烘干温度为120～150℃，时间为3～5h。
本发明提供的一种发泡环氧胶膜，采用所述的制备方法制备而成。
本发明提供的一种芳纶蜂窝夹芯板的制备方法，使用上述制备的发泡环氧胶膜将芳纶蜂窝芯侧边进行封边，然后固化，制成芳纶蜂窝夹芯板。
进一步的，所述固化在热压罐中进行，固化温度为180～200℃，固化压强为0.2～0.4MPa，固化时间为3～4h。
本发明提供的一种芳纶蜂窝夹芯板，采用上述制备方法制备而成。
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果为：
1)本发明的发泡环氧胶膜使用结构疏松的芳纶毡增强，重量轻而且可调节，不会使芳纶蜂窝夹芯板重量大幅增加，而且芳纶毡是三维增强体，分子结构存在大量苯环，胶膜固化后强度较高；
2)本发明的发泡环氧胶膜是中温固化体系，可以和芳纶蜂窝夹芯板同步固化后切边，避免了腻子刮涂带来的人工投入；
3)使用本发明的发泡环氧胶膜封边后，芳纶蜂窝夹芯板边缘部位有芳纶毡增强，很好保证了边缘部位的强度，避免夹芯板在运输过程中的损坏。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1是使用发泡环氧胶膜封边后的效果示意图；
其中：1、芳纶蜂窝芯；2、发泡环氧胶膜；3、蒙皮。
具体实施方式
为了便于理解本发明，下文将结合说明书附图和较佳的实施例对本发明做更全面、细致地描述，但本发明的保护范围并不限于以下具体实施例。
除非另有定义，下文中所使用的所有专业术语与本领域技术人员通常理解含义相同。本文中所使用的专业术语只是为了描述具体实施例的目的，并不是旨在限制本发明的保护范围。
除非另有特别说明，本发明中用到的各种原材料、试剂、仪器和设备等均可通过市场购买得到或者可通过现有方法制备得到。
本发明一个具体实施方式的发泡环氧胶膜，由发泡环氧树脂及芳纶毡组成，其制备和成型方法如下：
1)配制发泡环氧树脂：按质量份计，将100份环氧树脂、10～20份固化剂、3～10份发泡剂、50～100份溶剂在70～85℃下搅拌均匀，进行真空脱泡。
优选的，所述的环氧树脂为双酚A环氧树脂、双酚F环氧树脂、酚醛环氧树脂中的任意一种或两种以上。所述固化剂为二氨基二苯砜、二甲基咪唑、双氰胺等中的任意一种或两种以上。所述发泡剂为碳酸氢钠、偶氮二甲酰胺、正戊烷中的任意一种或两种以上。所述溶剂为N，N-二甲基甲酰胺、N，N-二甲基乙酰胺、N，N-二甲基吡咯烷酮中的任意一种或两种以上。
2)表面涂膜：在涂膜机上将发泡环氧树脂连续均匀涂覆于芳纶毡上。所述芳纶毡由芳纶1313纤维与芳纶1414纤维混合、针刺而成(混合、针刺采用现有方法)，单位面积重量在220～550g/m2。采用芳纶1313纤维与芳纶1414纤维比只采用一种强度更高。优选芳纶1313纤维与芳纶1414纤维质量比为(1～1.5):1。
3)溶剂烘干：将芳纶毡牵引进烘道，在120～150℃烘3～5h去除溶剂，得到发泡环氧胶膜。在烘干过程中，由于芳纶毡表面存在大量的活性-NH基团，容易与环氧树脂中的-OH形成化学键，使得环氧树脂可以很好浸润芳纶毡，使固化后的强度更高。
4)固化：使用上述制备的发泡环氧胶膜将芳纶蜂窝芯侧边进行封边，然后进行固化、切边，制成芳纶蜂窝夹芯板。
如图1，制成的芳纶蜂窝夹芯板由中间的芳纶蜂窝芯1、覆盖在芳纶蜂窝芯1上下两面的蒙皮3以及芳纶蜂窝芯1侧边上的四个切边处包裹的发泡环氧胶膜2组成。
优选的，固化是在热压罐中180～200℃/0.2～0.4MPa条件固化3～4h，这时固化剂与环氧树脂完全反应，形成三维网状结构，芳纶蜂窝芯的成型温度与发泡环氧胶膜的固化温度一致，可以同步固化。固化压力太大会导致芳纶蜂窝芯的塌陷，所以优选0.2～0.4MPa。
实施例1：
将100份双酚A环氧树脂、10份双氰胺、3份偶氮二甲酰胺、50份N，N-二甲基甲酰胺在80℃搅拌均匀，真空脱泡；在涂膜机上将环氧树脂混合物连续均匀涂覆于220g/m2芳纶毡(芳纶1313纤维与芳纶1414纤维质量比1.5:1)上；将芳纶毡牵引进烘道，在120℃烘4h后，得到发泡环氧胶膜，测试发泡环氧胶膜的克重。使用发泡环氧胶膜封边，制成芳纶蜂窝夹芯板，180℃/0.2MPa条件下固化4h后的压缩强度、弯曲强度，具体结果见表1(注：面密度使用HB7736.2-2004测试，压缩强度使用GB1447-2005测试，弯曲强度使用GB1449-2005测试。)。
实施例2：
将100份双酚F环氧树脂、15份4,4-二氨基二苯砜、7份碳酸氢钠、80份N，N-二甲基甲酰胺在80℃搅拌均匀，真空脱泡；在涂膜机上将环氧树脂混合物连续均匀涂覆于330g/m2芳纶毡(芳纶1313纤维与芳纶1414纤维质量比1.2:1)上；将芳纶毡牵引进烘道，在150℃烘4h后，得到发泡环氧胶膜，测试发泡环氧胶膜的克重。使用发泡环氧胶膜封边，制成芳纶蜂窝夹芯板，180℃/0.2MPa条件下固化4h后的压缩强度、弯曲强度，具体结果见表1。
实施例3：
将100份双酚F环氧树脂、15份4,4-二氨基二苯砜、10份正戊烷、100份N，N-吡咯烷酮在80℃搅拌均匀，真空脱泡；在涂膜机上将环氧树脂混合物连续均匀涂覆于330g/m2芳纶毡(芳纶1313纤维与芳纶1414纤维质量比1.2:1)上；将芳纶毡牵引进烘道，在120℃烘4h后，得到发泡环氧胶膜，测试发泡环氧胶膜的。使用发泡环氧胶膜封边，制成芳纶蜂窝夹芯板，180℃/0.2MPa条件下固化4h后的压缩强度、弯曲强度，具体结果见表1。
实施例4：
将100份酚醛环氧树脂、20份二甲基咪唑、10份偶氮二甲酰胺、100份N，N-二甲基乙酰胺在80℃搅拌均匀，真空脱泡；在涂膜机上将环氧树脂混合物连续均匀涂覆于550g/m2芳纶毡(芳纶1313纤维与芳纶1414纤维质量比1:1)上；将芳纶毡牵引进烘道，在120℃烘4h后，得到发泡环氧胶膜，测试发泡环氧胶膜的。使用发泡环氧胶膜封边，制成芳纶蜂窝夹芯板，180℃/0.2MPa条件下固化4h后的压缩强度、弯曲强度，具体结果见表1。
表1发泡环氧胶膜性能参数
Figure BDA0002282487360000041
未封边的芳纶蜂窝夹芯板平压强度1.6MPa，实施例1～4的发泡环氧胶膜质量占比10％，分别采用实施例1、实施例2、实施例3、实施例4的发泡环氧胶膜封边后，平压强度分别达到2.2MPa，2.4MPa、2.5MPa，2.8MPa，强度提升比例为37.5％，50％，56.3％，75％。
上述只是本发明的较佳实施例，并非对本发明作任何形式上的限制。因此，凡是未脱离本发明技术方案的内容，依据本发明技术实质对以上实施例所做的任何简单修改、等同变化及修饰，均应落在本发明技术方案保护的范围内。

Claims (7)

1.一种发泡环氧胶膜的制备方法，其特征在于，包括下述的步骤：
S1 .将环氧树脂、固化剂、发泡剂和溶剂混合配制得到发泡环氧树脂，原料按质量份包括：100份环氧树脂、10～20份固化剂、3～10份发泡剂、50～100份溶剂；
S2 .将S1得到的发泡环氧树脂均匀涂覆于芳纶毡上，所述芳纶毡由芳纶1313纤维与芳纶1414纤维混合、针刺而成，质量比为(1～1 .5):1；
S3 .将S2得到的芳纶毡烘干去除溶剂，得到发泡环氧胶膜。
2.根据权利要求1所述的发泡环氧胶膜的制备方法，其特征在于，所述芳纶毡单位面积重量在220～550g/m2。
3.根据权利要求1所述的发泡环氧胶膜的制备方法，其特征在于，S3烘干温度为120～150℃，时间为3～5h。
4.一种发泡环氧胶膜，其特征在于，采用权利要求1～3任一项所述的制备方法制备而成。
5.一种芳纶蜂窝夹芯板的制备方法，其特征在于，使用权利要求1～3任一项的方法制备的发泡环氧胶膜将芳纶蜂窝芯侧边进行封边，然后固化，制成芳纶蜂窝夹芯板。
6.根据权利要求5所述的芳纶蜂窝夹芯板的制备方法，其特征在于，所述固化在热压罐中进行，固化温度为180～200℃，固化压强为0 .2～0 .4MPa，固化时间为3～4h。
7.一种芳纶蜂窝夹芯板，其特征在于，采用权利要求5或6的制备方法制备而成。
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CN101724225A (zh) * 2008-10-31 2010-06-09 Sika技术股份公司 可用作骨架构造粘合剂或结构泡沫的热固化性环氧树脂组合物
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