CN110845209A - 防水型可释放负氧离子装配式石膏墙板、制备方法及建筑物 - Google Patents
防水型可释放负氧离子装配式石膏墙板、制备方法及建筑物 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种防水型可释放负氧离子装配式石膏墙板、制备方法及建筑物，该墙板包括：β半水石膏组分、水泥组分、pH调节剂组分、纤维组分、缓凝剂组分、防水剂组分、减水剂组分、消泡剂组分以及负氧离子粉组分，其中β半水石膏组分60‑85份；水泥组分5‑15份；pH调节剂组分0‑5份；纤维组分0.1‑1份；防水剂组分0.5‑2份；消泡剂组分0.005‑0.1份；缓凝剂组分0.01‑0.04份；减水剂组分0.1‑0.4份；负氧离子粉组分1‑10份。本发明提供的石膏墙板不仅具备高强、防火、保温、阻燃等特点，还具备防水、释放负氧离子功能。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于建筑材料领域，尤其是涉及一种防水型可释放负氧离子装配式石膏墙板、制备方法及建筑物。
背景技术
装配式建筑在近年来得到迅速发展，其原因有装配式建筑建造时间短，建筑质量得到了极大提升，施工环境噪音小，建筑垃圾少，得到了人们的极大认可。截止目前我国工业副产石膏堆存量超过10亿吨，对土壤、水系和大气造成严重污染，且需要占用大量土地资源，造成土地资源浪费。
近年来，随着人民生活水平的提高，人们对室内装修标准的要求也越来越高，室内空气污染具有多样性，它既包括污染物种类的多样性，又包括室内污染物来源的多样性，即物理污染(粉尘颗粒等)、化学污染(甲醛等)、微生物污染(细菌病毒等)。由于室内环境是相对封闭的空间，空气流通性差，进入室内的污染物很容易在室内堆积，造成污染指数升高，污染物浓度增大，从而构成对人体的危害。
一般而言，人每天需要约130亿个负氧离子，而我们的卧室，办公室，娱乐场所等环境，只能提供约1—20亿个。这种供求之间的巨大反差，往往容易导致肺炎，气管炎的呼吸道疾病。
目前，房屋中所使用的集中采暖以及冷气设备的空调系统导致负氧离子常被驱除；所使用的合成纤维、地毯带有正电荷易吸收负氧离子；并且房屋的墙体、钢筋、纤维板都吸收负氧离子，导致房屋内的负离子难以满足需求。
发明内容
为解决现有技术中所存在的技术问题，本发明在此的目的在于提供一种能够释放负氧离子的防水型可释放负氧离子装配式石膏墙板。
为实现本发明的目的，在此所提供的具有防水型可释放负氧离子装配式石膏墙板包括：β半水石膏组分、水泥组分、pH调节剂组分、纤维组分、缓凝剂组分、防水剂组分、减水剂组分、消泡剂组分以及负氧离子粉组分。
其中，各组分的重量份为：
本发明在此的另一个目的在于提供一种制备本发明提供的防水型可释放负氧离子装配式石膏墙板的方法，具体包括以下步骤：
步骤S01：在搅拌机中按比例加入水，水粉比为0.5-0.6，启动搅拌机，依次加入纤维组分、防水剂组分、水泥组分、减水剂组分、负氧离子粉组分、消泡剂组分、缓凝剂组分、pH调节组分，搅拌2min；
步骤S02：在加入石膏粉，搅拌2min；
步骤S03：将搅拌均匀的浆料倒入模具中，15min后脱模，静停、干燥，制得防水型可释放负氧离子装配式石膏墙板。
本发明在此的第三个目的在于提供一种利用本发明提供的石膏墙板构建的建筑物。
本发明的有益效果：本发明提供的石膏墙板增加了负氧离子粉，负氧离子粉因其热电性和压电性能够产生负氧离子；负氧离子能促成人体合成和存储维生素，强化和激活人体的生理活动。
本发明提供的石膏墙板还包括石膏组分，使墙板具有较好的阻燃性；在纤维组分、防水组分、消泡剂组分、缓凝剂组分及减水剂组分的作用下本发明提供的石膏墙板还具备隔热、吸音及抗冲击等特点。
具体实施方式
为了更好地理解本发明所提供的技术方案，下面结合实施例进一步对本发明的技术方案进行阐明，但本发明所要求保护的技术方案不仅仅局限于下面的实施案例。
本发明提供的是一种防水型可释放负氧离子装配式石膏墙板，其包括了：β半水石膏组分、水泥组分、pH调节剂组分、纤维组分、缓凝剂组分、防水剂组分、减水剂组分、消泡剂组分以及负氧离子粉组分；各组份之前的重量配比具有以下实施例的方式。
实施例一
本实施例提供的一种防水型可释放负氧离子装配式石膏墙板，包括β半水石膏组分、水泥组分、pH调节剂组分、纤维组分、缓凝剂组分、防水剂组分、减水剂组分、消泡剂组分以及负氧离子粉组分，各组分按重量份数计为：
在搅拌机中按比例加入水，水粉比为0.6，启动搅拌机，依次加入纤维组分、防水剂组分、水泥组分、减水剂组分、负氧离子粉组分、消泡剂组分、缓凝剂组分、pH调节组分，搅拌2min；在加入石膏粉，搅拌2min；将搅拌均匀的浆料倒入模具中，15min后脱模，静停、干燥，制得防水型可释放负氧离子装配式石膏墙板。
实施例二
本实施例提供的一种防水型可释放负氧离子装配式石膏墙板，包括β半水石膏组分、水泥组分、pH调节剂组分、纤维组分、缓凝剂组分、防水剂组分、减水剂组分、消泡剂组分以及负氧离子粉组分，各组分按重量份数计为：
在搅拌机中按比例加入水，水粉比为0.56，启动搅拌机，依次加入纤维组分、防水剂组分、水泥组分、减水剂组分、负氧离子粉组分、消泡剂组分、缓凝剂组分、pH调节组分，搅拌2min；在加入石膏粉，搅拌2min；将搅拌均匀的浆料倒入模具中，15min后脱模，静停、干燥，制得防水型可释放负氧离子装配式石膏墙板。
实施例三
本实施例提供的一种防水型可释放负氧离子装配式石膏墙板，包括β半水石膏组分、水泥组分、pH调节剂组分、纤维组分、缓凝剂组分、防水剂组分、减水剂组分、消泡剂组分以及负氧离子粉组分，各组分按重量份数计为：
在搅拌机中按比例加入水，水粉比为0.53，启动搅拌机，依次加入纤维组分、防水剂组分、水泥组分、减水剂组分、负氧离子粉组分、消泡剂组分、缓凝剂组分、pH调节组分，搅拌2min；在加入石膏粉，搅拌2min；将搅拌均匀的浆料倒入模具中，15min后脱模，静停、干燥，制得防水型可释放负氧离子装配式石膏墙板。
将实施例一、实施例二、实施例三提供的可释放负氧离子装配式石膏墙板在标准实验室放置24小时，按国家标准GB/T9775-2008、GB/T23451-2009对2小时吸水率、绝干抗折强度、绝干抗压强度、拉伸粘结强度、负氧离子释放量等性能进行测试，测试结果如下：
表1性能测试结果表
| 测试性能 | 实施例一 | 实施例二 | 实施例三 |
| 试验前负氧离子释放量个/cm<sup>3</sup> | 40 | 40 | 40 |
| 试验后负氧离子释放量个/cm<sup>3</sup> | 2500 | 4900 | 7400 |
| 绝干抗压强度/Mpa | 4.2 | 4.8 | 5.3 |
| 软化系数 | 0.82 | 0.86 | 0.91 |
| 2h吸水率/％ | 5 | 4 | 2 |
从表中可以看出，随着防水剂和负氧离子粉添加量的逐渐增加，2h吸水率逐渐降低，负氧离子释放量逐渐增加，软化系数增大，强度提高。
实施例一、实施例二、实施例三中所记载的石膏组分为β半水石膏，为二水石膏经140-150℃煅烧2-6h，陈化72h以上制得的半水石膏，pH值6～7，满足建筑石膏3.0等级标准。
实施例一、实施例二、实施例三中所记载的水泥组分为P·O42.5硅酸盐水泥。
实施例一、实施例二、实施例三中所记载的pH调节剂组分为灰钙粉，100-120目；当然也可以采用其它pH调节剂。
实施例一、实施例二、实施例三中所记载的减水剂组分为为粉状聚羧酸高性能减水剂。
实施例一、实施例二、实施例三中所记载的纤维组分为长度为2～5cm的聚酯纤维、耐碱玻璃纤维中的一种或两种复配，复配比例1:2。
实施例一、实施例二、实施例三中所记载的缓凝剂组分可以采用任何一种缓凝剂，在此采用蛋白类缓凝剂。
实施例一、实施例二、实施例三中所记载的防水剂组分可以采用任何防水剂，在此采用甲基含氢硅油乳液。
实施例一、实施例二、实施例三中所记载的消泡剂组分可以采用任何消泡剂，在此采用为有机硅消泡剂。
实施例一、实施例二、实施例三中所记载的负氧离子粉组分可以采用任何负氧离子粉，在此负氧离子粉采用组分为多种元素混合合成其中稀土65％，电气石粉只占到30％，其他矿物质5％，负氧离子释放量40000个/cm3。电气石粉体中的成分是以含硼为特征的铝、钠、铁、锂环状结构的硅酸盐物质，类质同象发育，因其热电性和压电性，使其极性离子在平衡位置振动而引起偶极矩变化产生远红外波段的电磁辐射，形成了较强的辐射宽带，负氧离子粉体对远红外的发射率为90％以上。
本发明提供的防水型可释放负氧离子装配式石膏墙板，抗压强度大于4.0MPa，2h吸水率≤5％，负氧离子释放量>2000个/cm3,软化系数大于0.8，具有防水性能好、负氧离子释放量大、质轻、高强、环保等特点，属于功能性的墙体材料，对推动石膏综合利用具有重要的意义。
负氧离子是空气中一种带负电荷的气体离子，不仅能促成人体合成和储存维生素，强化和激活人体的生理活动，对人体及其他生物的生命活动有着十分重要的影响，因此它又被称为"空气维生素"。
利用本发明提供的墙板搭建房屋，房屋墙体即可产生负氧离子，满足人对负氧离子的需求，降低了肺炎、气管炎的呼吸道疾病的发生，实现了健康居住。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例，并不用以限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (13)
1.一种防水型可释放负氧离子装配式石膏墙板，其特征在于，该石膏墙板包括：β半水石膏组分、水泥组分、pH调节剂组分、纤维组分、缓凝剂组分、防水剂组分、减水剂组分、消泡剂组分以及负氧离子粉组分。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种防水型可释放负氧离子装配式石膏墙板，其特征在于：所述β半水石膏组分、水泥组分、pH调节剂组分、纤维组分、缓凝剂组分、防水剂组分、减水剂组分、消泡剂组分以及负氧离子粉组分的重量份为：
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的防水型可释放负氧离子装配式石膏墙板，其特征在于：所述β半水石膏组分满足建筑石膏3.0等级标准。
4.根据权利要求1或2所述的防水型可释放负氧离子装配式石膏墙板，其特征在于：所述水泥组分为P·O42.5硅酸盐水泥。
5.根据权利要求1或2所述的防水型可释放负氧离子装配式石膏墙板，其特征在于：所述pH调节剂组分为灰钙粉，100-120目。
6.根据权利要求1或2所述的防水型可释放负氧离子装配式石膏墙板，其特征在于：所述纤维组分为长度为2～5cm的聚酯纤维、耐碱玻璃纤维中的一种或两种复配，复配比例1:2。
7.根据权利要求1或2所述的防水型可释放负氧离子装配式石膏墙板，其特征在于：所述消泡剂组分为有机硅消泡剂。
8.根据权利要求1或2所述的防水型可释放负氧离子装配式石膏墙板，其特征在于：所述缓凝剂组分为蛋白类缓凝剂。
9.根据权利要求1或2所述的防水型可释放负氧离子装配式石膏墙板，其特征在于：所述防水剂组分为甲基含氢硅油乳液。
10.根据权利要求1或2所述的防水型可释放负氧离子装配式石膏墙板，其特征在于：所述减水剂组分为粉状聚羧酸高性能减水剂。
11.根据权利要求1或2所述的防水型可释放负氧离子装配式石膏墙板，其特征在于：所述负氧离子粉组分为多种元素混合合成其中稀土65％，电气石粉只占到30％，其他矿物质5％，负氧离子释放量40000个/cm3。
12.一种制备权利要求1-11任意一项所述的防水型可释放负氧离子装配式石膏墙板的方法，其特征在于：包括以下步骤：
步骤S01：在搅拌机中按比例加入水，水粉比为0.5-0.6，启动搅拌机，依次加入纤维组分、防水剂组分、水泥组分、减水剂组分、负氧离子粉组分、消泡剂组分、缓凝剂组分、pH调节组分，搅拌2min；
步骤S02：在加入石膏粉，搅拌2min；
步骤S03：将搅拌均匀的浆料倒入模具中，15min后脱模，静停、干燥，制得防水型可释放负氧离子装配式石膏墙板。
13.一种建筑物，其特征在于：该建筑物由权利要求1-11任意一项所述的防水型可释放负氧离子装配式石膏墙板构成。
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