CN110842360A - Method for improving boiling heat exchange performance of surface pool based on femtosecond laser splicing processing technology - Google Patents
Method for improving boiling heat exchange performance of surface pool based on femtosecond laser splicing processing technology Download PDFInfo
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- CN110842360A CN110842360A CN201911164915.5A CN201911164915A CN110842360A CN 110842360 A CN110842360 A CN 110842360A CN 201911164915 A CN201911164915 A CN 201911164915A CN 110842360 A CN110842360 A CN 110842360A
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- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002086 nanomaterial Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 244000137852 Petrea volubilis Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004506 ultrasonic cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003491 array Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- -1 columns Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000001878 scanning electron micrograph Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000013519 translation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005661 hydrophobic surface Effects 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001427 coherent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010285 flame spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005660 hydrophilic surface Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007751 thermal spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/20—Bonding
- B23K26/21—Bonding by welding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/08—Devices involving relative movement between laser beam and workpiece
- B23K26/082—Scanning systems, i.e. devices involving movement of the laser beam relative to the laser head
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/60—Preliminary treatment
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Laser Beam Processing (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for improving boiling heat exchange performance of a surface pool based on a femtosecond laser splicing processing technology, and belongs to the technical field of heat exchange enhancement. The rapid development of economy makes the stable heat dissipation under high heat flow become the problem to be solved urgently, and boiling heat exchange has been researched more and more as a high-efficiency and stable heat exchange mode. Micro-nano improvement on the heat exchange surface becomes an application technology for strengthening heat exchange. The problem of the inability to simultaneously boost heat exchange performance (CHF and HTC) has not been solved. The method for improving the boiling heat exchange performance of the surface pool by the femtosecond laser splicing processing technology can synchronously improve the heat exchange performance of the surface.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of heat exchange enhancement, in particular to a method for improving the surface heat exchange performance by preparing a spliced surface through a femtosecond laser splicing technology.
Background
With the development of society and the gradual increase of industrialization level. The equipment and instruments for engineering and electronic devices are developed in the direction of high integration and micro-size, which means that the unit size of the material bears higher and higher energy load, and the stable and efficient heat dissipation in a high heat flow state becomes a problem to be solved urgently. The conventional heat dissipation method with enhanced convection cannot meet such a huge heat dissipation requirement. Compared with the prior art, the boiling heat exchange utilizes a large amount of latent heat of vaporization or liquefaction in the phase change process to transfer heat, can generate higher heat exchange efficiency, and has extremely wide application prospect.
Surface modification of heat transfer surfaces to improve surface heat transfer performance has become an application technology for enhanced heat transfer, and more technical means are applied to modifying heat transfer surfaces, such as: flame spraying, powder sintering, thermal spraying techniques, and the like. Researches show that the improvement of the roughness, the micro-nano structure, the wettability and the like of the surface can correspondingly intervene in the bubble power process of surface boiling heat exchange so as to strengthen the heat exchange performance of the surface.
However, the current surface modification technology cannot simultaneously and greatly improve the heat exchange performance of the heat exchange surface, for example, a hydrophilic surface can greatly improve CHF (critical heat flux density), but simultaneously the hydrophilicity of the surface reduces the heat exchange coefficient of the surface. Hydrophobic surfaces can dramatically increase the HTC (heat transfer coefficient), but the hydrophobicity of the surface makes the surface more susceptible to film boiling, which makes the CHF of hydrophobic surfaces lower. In practical applications, both CHF and HTC are key features for evaluating the heat exchange performance of a surface, and unilateral performance improvement greatly limits practical applications of modified surfaces. The femtosecond laser splicing technology provided by the inventor can prepare the spliced surface to synchronously and greatly improve CHF and HTC, and provides a new method for the practical application of the improved surface.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a new method for enhancing boiling heat transfer and further provides a method for enhancing boiling heat transfer by applying a femtosecond laser splicing processing technology to prepare a spliced surface
The preparation method of the spliced surface prepared by applying the femtosecond laser splicing technology is convenient, simple in process, low in energy consumption, easy in raw material obtaining, low in overall cost and obvious in the finally obtained effect of enhancing boiling heat transfer. The invention is realized by applying the femtosecond laser processing technology, realizing the splicing among different structures through platform control, and realizing the design of the spliced surface through controlling the proportion, the scanning direction, the scanning times and the like of a processing area. The spliced surface prepared by the method shows excellent boiling heat exchange performance.
The preparation method of the femtosecond laser splicing surface comprises the following specific steps:
the method comprises the following steps: pretreating the metal surface: grinding, polishing and ultrasonically cleaning the metal surface;
step two: and (3) structure exploration: different micro-nano structures are prepared by controlling processing parameters;
step three: area design: the design of the splicing surface is realized by controlling the area ratio of the laser scanning area, the spatial distribution of the laser scanning area, the micro-nano structure type of the laser scanning area, the shape of the laser scanning area, the type of the splicing interface of the area and the like, and the area type is divided into two types: laser scanning area and no laser scanning area (original surface);
step four: and (3) realizing region splicing: splicing preparation between the region boundaries is realized through platform control or focused laser control to obtain a spliced surface;
step five: and carrying out pool boiling experiment on the spliced surface to evaluate the heat exchange performance of the surface. And continuously optimizing the design of the splicing surface according to the boiling experiment result.
The specific method for grinding, polishing and cleaning the surface comprises the following steps: firstly, carrying out sand paper water bath grinding on rough metal, then polishing by using a polishing machine, and finally carrying out ultrasonic cleaning.
The method for preparing different micro-nano structures by controlling the processing parameters refers to the following steps: by adjusting the processing parameters: the method comprises the following steps of processing micro-nano structures such as columns, holes, grooves, corrugations, arrays and the like on the surface by laser energy, focusing position, laser frequency, scanning speed, scanning times, processing modes (grating type scanning, dot matrix processing and horizontal and vertical scanning) and the like.
The area design parameters are respectively as follows: the area ratio of the laser scanning area is changed within the range of 0-1; the distribution of the laser scanning area comprises: periodic distribution, aperiodic distribution, and the like; the microstructure type of the laser scanning area is realized by using the structure groping result; the shape of the laser scanning area includes: round, square, rectangular, etc.; the zone splicing interface comprises: the splice between the structured surface and the original surface or between different structured surfaces.
The specific implementation method of the region splicing is as follows: on the basis of the known microstructure processing parameters and the finished area design, the boundary splicing between different microstructure areas or the boundary splicing between the microstructure area and the original surface is realized by controlling a platform to move a sample or scanning a galvanometer to move a light beam, and different spliced surfaces are prepared.
The specific method for evaluating the heat exchange performance of the spliced surface comprises the following steps: the tests were performed using a pool boiling apparatus.
Drawings
Fig. 1 SEM image of trench area fraction S-1/4 surface for one period
Fig. 2 SEM image of trench area fraction S-1/2 surface for one period
Fig. 3 SEM image of trench area fraction S-3/4 surface for one period
FIG. 4 SEM image of one period of the surface with S-1 ratio of trench area
FIG. 5 is a boiling heat transfer curve of the original surface and the surface of the micro-nano structure
FIG. 6 HTC curve of original surface and micro-nano structure surface
Detailed Description
The specific implementation mode is as follows: . Firstly, selecting German warrior sand paper 400, 600, 800, 1200, 1500 and 2000 meshes of sand paper for water bath grinding on a rough metal surface, then polishing by using a grinding machine, and finally carrying out ultrasonic cleaning by using alcohol and deionized water, wherein the surface roughness (the ratio of a real area to a projected area) of the finally obtained metal surface is approximate to 1, and the average roughness is 0.1 mu m.
Scanning and processing the surface by a femtosecond laser grating type scanning processing mode: the method comprises the steps of enabling a femtosecond laser pulse with the repetition frequency of 1kHZ (the center wavelength is 800nm, a femtosecond laser system of American coherent company) to pass through a He-Ne laser collimation system, enabling a light beam to normally enter a focusing lens with the length of 20cm, and directly carrying out laser raster scanning irradiation on a metal sample on a two-dimensional electric translation table (a Germany PI translation table is used in an experiment, and the X-axis number is M-521DD, and the Y-axis number is M-410CG) through the femtosecond laser beam focused by the lens. The polarization state of the laser is fixed by using an 1/2 wave plate, an energy attenuator is added in a light path to control and adjust the energy parameter of the laser, in addition, the number of laser pulses at a unit scanning distance is controlled by adjusting the scanning speed v of a translation stage, and the scanning distance d is programmed and controlled in software.
Selecting the processing parameters as follows: and preparing the groove-shaped micro-nano structure region under the conditions that the laser energy Ep is 1.5mJ, the scanning speed v is 1mm/s, and the scanning distance d is 0.06 mm.
The area design is as follows: the groove area ratio is respectively as follows: s-0 (smooth metal surface), S-1/4, S-1/2, S-3/4, S-1 (full scan). And the boundary splicing between the groove area and the original surface is realized through platform control, and finally, five different metal samples are prepared.
The evaluation of heat exchange performance was tested using a pool boiling device, which, like the commonly used pool boiling device, included: the device comprises a boiling pool cylinder body, a heating body (a copper column), a temperature acquisition system (thermocouple wire acquisition), a condensation system, a high-speed camera, a heat insulation accessory and the like. The method comprises the steps of loading a sample at the beginning of an experiment, injecting deionized water, starting a water cooling system, heating the deionized water to a saturated boiling state by using an immersion heater, slowly increasing the heat supply power of a bottom heating system, and recording thermocouple point temperature data in the whole process. The superheat degree and the heat flow of the surface are evaluated by processing temperature data of different boiling stages acquired by thermocouple points, so that a boiling curve is drawn
The present invention may be embodied in other specific forms, and various changes and modifications may be effected therein by one skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (7)
1. A method for improving boiling heat exchange performance of a surface pool based on a femtosecond laser splicing processing technology is characterized in that the processing mode is as follows:
(1) grinding, polishing and cleaning the metal surface;
(2) and (3) structure determination: different micro-nano structures are prepared by controlling processing parameters;
(3) area design: the design of the splicing surface is realized by controlling the area ratio of the laser scanning area, the spatial distribution of the laser scanning area, the micro-nano structure type of the laser scanning area, the shape of the laser scanning area, the type of the splicing interface of the area and the like, and the area type is divided into two types: laser scanning area and no laser scanning area (original surface);
(4) and (3) realizing region splicing: splicing preparation between the region boundaries is realized through platform control or focused laser control to obtain a spliced surface;
(5) and finally, carrying out a pool boiling experiment on the spliced surface to evaluate the heat exchange performance of the surface. And continuously optimizing the design of the splicing surface according to the boiling experiment result.
And finally, the intervention of surface splicing on the heat exchange surface bubble power process is realized, so that the effect of comprehensively improving the boiling heat exchange performance of the spliced surface pool (CHF: critical heat flow density, HTC: heat exchange coefficient) is achieved.
2. The method for improving boiling heat exchange performance of the surface pool based on the femtosecond laser splicing processing technology as claimed in claim 1, wherein the specific method for grinding, polishing and cleaning the metal surface in the processing mode is as follows: firstly, carrying out sand paper water bath grinding on rough metal, then polishing by using a polishing machine, and finally carrying out ultrasonic cleaning.
3. The method for improving the boiling heat exchange performance of the surface pool based on the femtosecond laser splicing processing technology according to claim 1, wherein the specific method for structure determination in the processing mode is as follows: and processing micro-nano structures such as columns, holes, grooves, corrugations, arrays and the like on the surface by adjusting processing parameters.
4. The method for improving boiling heat exchange performance of the surface pool based on the femtosecond laser splicing machining technology as claimed in claim 3, wherein the adjusted machining parameters comprise: laser energy, focus position, laser frequency, scanning speed, scanning frequency, processing mode (raster scanning, dot matrix processing, horizontal and vertical scanning), and the like.
5. The method for improving boiling heat exchange performance of the surface pool based on the femtosecond laser splicing processing technology according to claim 1, wherein the region design in the processing mode specifically refers to: the distribution of the laser scanning area comprises: periodic distribution, aperiodic distribution, and the like; the shape of the laser scanning area includes: round, square, rectangular, etc.; the zone splicing interface comprises: the splice between the structured surface and the original surface or between different structured surfaces.
6. The method for improving boiling heat exchange performance of the surface pool based on the femtosecond laser splicing processing technology according to claim 1, wherein the region splicing in the processing mode specifically refers to: on the basis of the known microstructure processing parameters and the finished area design, the boundary splicing between different microstructure areas or the boundary splicing between the microstructure area and the original surface is realized by controlling a platform to move a sample or scanning a galvanometer to move a light beam, and different spliced surfaces are prepared.
7. The method for improving the boiling heat exchange performance of the surface pool based on the femtosecond laser splicing processing technology as claimed in claim 1, wherein the specific method for evaluating the heat exchange performance of the spliced surface in the processing mode is as follows: the evaluation of the heat exchange performance was tested using a pool boiling device.
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Cited By (4)
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| CN113153380A (en) * | 2021-05-18 | 2021-07-23 | 中铁第四勘察设计院集团有限公司 | Method for improving waterproof performance of pipe sheet joint in shield tunnel |
| CN113154927A (en) * | 2021-05-25 | 2021-07-23 | 中国核动力研究设计院 | Surface enhanced heat transfer method for micro-nano structure |
| CN113305440A (en) * | 2021-05-25 | 2021-08-27 | 中国核动力研究设计院 | Micro-nano structure surface strengthening method and high-power heat exchange equipment performance improving method |
| CN115424993A (en) * | 2022-09-06 | 2022-12-02 | 长沙理工大学 | Nano porous double-layer reinforced chip boiling heat exchange structure and manufacturing method thereof |
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