CN109821823A - A kind of CO2Laser/ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser compound cleaning method - Google Patents
A kind of CO2Laser/ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser compound cleaning method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A kind of CO2Laser/ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser compound cleaning method, it is related to materials processing engineering field, and the purpose of the present invention is be directed to CO2It is low that laser cleaning is easy to lead to the problem of substrate heat affecting, nanosecond laser cleaning efficiency, and the present invention is by CO2Laser/ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser compound cleaning method is i.e. according to certain time-space relationship and energy proportioning by CO2Laser and ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser progress are compound, are cleaned with the laser after compound, give full play to CO2The advantage of laser and ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser cleaning, while improving cleaning efficiency, the heat affecting to substrate is reduced as far as possible, and required energy consumption is reduced using the complex effect of two kinds of compound generations of laser, more uniform cleaning effect is obtained, the present invention is applied to coatings art.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to materials processing engineering fields, and in particular to a kind of for removing the CO of multi-layer composite coatings2Laser/
Ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser compound cleaning method.
Background technique
In use for some time, surface can be led aircraft because of the reasons such as external force, irradiation space and various airflow scourings
Cause the falling off, be cracked of surface covering, aging equivalent damage, it is therefore desirable to periodically safeguard to aircraft coating, when maintenance needs to go
Fall original coating.The cleaning process applied at present mainly includes solvent paint removal, mechanical paint removal and sandblasting paint removal.Though solvent paint removal
So quickly, but toxic have that pollution, consumption are big and cost is very high.Meanwhile it being easy that composite material component is caused to damage.Machine
Tool paint removal is polished using traditional-handwork, this method low efficiency, when consumption is long, accuracy is low, be also easy to cause material damage.Spray
Sand paint removal be easy to cause substrate to damage, and working environment is poor.
1969, the S.M.Beadair in Univ California-Berkeley's space science laboratory and nuclear energy engineering system
The concept of laser cleaning (Laser Cleaning) is put forward for the first time with HaroldP.Smith.JR, since J.A.Fox in 1974 exists
After carrying out surface covering removal work on resin, glass and metal base, Investigation of Laser Delacquer-ing technology has obtained the wide of scientific research personnel
General concern and research.With the progress of laser technology, the reduction of laser cost, which has been applied successfully to cleaning F-16
The coating of opportunity of combat.Compared to traditional method for cleaning surface, laser cleaning is had several advantages that
(1) it is accurately controlled with substrate without directly contacting, substrate can be avoided damage to by modulation process parameter；
(2) laser direction is good, can be irradiated to any surface of workpiece, comprehensive cleaning may be implemented；
(3) laser cleaning equipment can be combined with automated system, it is easy to accomplish automation；
(4) a degree of heat treatment can be carried out to substrate surface in descaling process, improves the pattern and performance on surface；
(5) laser focusing is good, can accurately control cleaning parts；
(6) additional pollutant is not generated in cleaning process, it is environmentally protective；
(7) consuming electric power is only needed, cost is relatively low.
Currently, CO2Laser and optical-fiber laser are used equally for laser cleaning.CO2Laser pulse frequency is low, and mean power is high, tool
There is a higher heat input, cleaning efficiency is high, and due to above-mentioned advantage, Japan Aerospace Exploration and Development Agency is by CO2Laser application
In the priming paint and finishing coat of removal CFRP material surface.But due to heat input height, CO2Laser is easy to generate hot shadow to substrate surface
It rings, so that substrate is generated thermal stress and thermal deformation, or even substrate is caused to damage.
Ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser pulse frequency is high, and heat input is small, and thermal diffusion depth is small, and base material temperature is hardly in cleaning process
It changes, not will cause substrate damage.The A.Uccello etc. of Milan, ITA Polytechnics has applied nanosecond pulse Nd:
YAG laser is come the rhodium film layer of the carbon pollution for first mirror surfaces cleaned in nuclear power field tockmark device.But compared to
CO2Laser, ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser efficiency is lower, is not suitable for removing thicker film layer.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is be directed to CO2Laser cleaning is easy low to substrate generation heat affecting, nanosecond laser cleaning efficiency
The problem of, and propose a kind of CO2Laser/ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser compound cleaning method is mentioned with giving full play to the advantage of two methods
High cleaning efficiency reduces the damage to substrate.
In order to improve Investigation of Laser Delacquer-ing efficiency, reduces the fuel factor of substrate surface generation during Investigation of Laser Delacquer-ing, cleaning
Above two laser is used in combination Cheng Zhongke, to give full play to respective advantage, while improving cleaning efficiency, avoids clear
It washes journey and heat affecting is generated to substrate.
A kind of CO of the invention2Laser/ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser compound cleaning method, it is followed the steps below:
One, by CO2Laser cleaning head and ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser cleaning head are installed in robot, and by CO2Laser cleaning head
It is placed in above coating to be processed with ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser cleaning head；
Two, laser parameter is set:
CO2Laser parameter: laser power is 0.1~2Kw, and light spot shape is rectangle, length L=1~10mm, width W=5
~50mm, scan velocity VCO2For 100~1000mm/s；
Ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser parameter: laser power is 50~1000W, and pulse frequency should be 10~1000kHz, pulse width
For 10~100ns, energy density is 0.5~5J/cm2, spot diameter d=0.02~1mm；
Three, CO is kept2Laser is preceding, and for ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser rear, the distance of the two is 1~7mm；Open CO2Laser with receive
Pulse per second (PPS) laser drives CO by robot2Laser and ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser are advanced in X direction with same speed, while nanosecond
Pulse laser scans back and forth in the y-direction, until by coating removal；Wherein, the scanning speed v of ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser in the y-directionyFor
2~10m/s；Ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser scanning distance and CO in the y-direction2Laser facula it is of same size.
A kind of CO of the invention2Laser/ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser compound cleaning method, it is followed the steps below:
One, ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser cleaning head, CO are pressed2The sequence of laser cleaning head and ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser cleaning head is by three
Laser head is installed in robot, and by CO2Laser cleaning head and ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser cleaning head are placed in above coating to be processed；
Two, laser parameter is set:
CO2Laser parameter: laser power is 0.1~2Kw, and light spot shape is rectangle, length L=1~10mm, width W=5
~50mm, scan velocity VCO2For 100~1000mm/s；
Two beam ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser parameters are equal are as follows: and laser power is 50~1000W, and pulse frequency should be 10~1000kHz,
Pulse width is 10~100ns, and energy density is 0.5~1J/cm2, spot diameter d=0.02~1mm；
Three, CO is set2Ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser and its spacing D in front of laser1For 1~2mm；The ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser at rear
With CO2Laser space D2For 3~5mm；CO is driven by robot2Laser and two beam ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed lasers are with same speed along the side X
It marches forward, while the round-trip scanning in the y-direction of two beam ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed lasers, until by coating removal；Wherein, two beam nanosecond pulse
The scanning speed v in the direction laser yyIt is 2~10m/s.
A kind of CO of the invention2Laser/ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser compound cleaning method, it is followed the steps below:
One, by CO2Laser cleaning head and ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser cleaning head are installed in robot, and by CO2Laser cleaning head
It is placed in above coating to be processed with ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser cleaning head；
Two, laser parameter is set:
CO2Laser parameter: laser power is 0.1~2Kw, and light spot shape is rectangle, length L=1~10mm, width W=5
~50mm, scan velocity VCO2For 100~1000mm/s；
Ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser parameter: laser power is 50~1000W, and pulse frequency should be 10~1000kHz, pulse width
For 10~100ns, energy density is 0.5~5J/cm2, spot diameter d=0.02~1mm；
Three, CO is kept2Laser is preceding, and for ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser rear, the distance of the two is 1~7mm；Open CO2Laser with receive
Pulse per second (PPS) laser drives CO by robot2Laser and ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser are advanced in X direction with same speed, while nanosecond
Pulse laser is scanned along Y-direction, scanning speed vyFor 0.5~10m/s, scan path length is equal to CO2The width of rectangular light spot
Degree is completed after scanning together, and ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser direction of marching forward translates 0.75~1mm, until by coating removal；Wherein, it receives
The average speed v of pulse per second (PPS) laser in X directionxEqual to vCO2。
A kind of CO of the invention2Laser/ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser compound cleaning method, it is followed the steps below:
One, ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser cleaning head, CO are pressed2The sequence of laser cleaning head and ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser cleaning head is by three
Laser head is installed in robot, and by CO2Laser cleaning head and ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser cleaning head are placed in above coating to be processed；
Two, laser parameter is set:
CO2Laser parameter: laser power is 0.1~2Kw, and light spot shape is rectangle, length L=1~10mm, width W=5
~50mm, scan velocity VCO2For 100~1000mm/s；
Two beam ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser parameters are equal are as follows: and laser power is 50~1000W, and pulse frequency should be 10~1000kHz,
Pulse width is 10~100ns, and energy density is 0.5~1J/cm2, spot diameter d=0.02~1mm；
Three, CO is set2Ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser and its spacing D in front of laser1For 1~2mm；The ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser at rear
With CO2Laser space D2For 3~5mm；CO is driven by robot2Laser and two beam ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed lasers are with same speed along the side X
It marches forward, while two beam ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed lasers are scanned along Y-direction, scanning speed vyIt is 0.5~10m/s, scan path
Length is equal to CO2The width of rectangular light spot, complete together scan after, two beam ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed lasers march forward direction translation
0.75~1mm, until by coating removal；Wherein, the average speed v of two beam ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed lasers in X directionxIt is equal to vCO2。
CO of the invention2Laser/ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser compound cleaning method is matched according to certain time-space relationship and energy
Than by CO2Laser and ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser progress are compound, are cleaned with the laser after compound, as shown in Figure 1.The present invention is directed to
Give full play to CO2The advantage of laser and ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser cleaning is reduced to substrate as far as possible while improving cleaning efficiency
Heat affecting.
The present invention relates to laser type have CO2Laser, solid Nd: YAG laser and optical fiber laser, CO2Swash
Light both can be it is continuous, be also possible to pulse, ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser is by solid Nd: YAG laser or optical fiber laser produce
It is raw.Present embodiment is suitable for removing the oxide coating with a thickness of 0.1~3mm, nitride coatings, carbide coating, high score
Sub- coating and composite coating.
In CO2During the compound paint removal of laser/ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser, CO2Laser and ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser act on workpiece
On, first with CO2Multi-layer composite coatings are thinned to 100~500 μm by laser, then are removed with ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser close to substrate table
The coating in face.
CO2Laser can select continuous CO2Laser or pulse CO2Laser, for above two CO2Laser, mean power are
0.1~2Kw, light spot shape are rectangle, length L=1~10mm, width W=5~50mm, scanning speed vCO2For 100~
1000mm/s；For CO2Pulse laser, pulse frequency is between 1~50Hz.
Ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser can select Nd:YAG ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser or nanosecond pulse optical-fiber laser, for above two
Ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser, pulse frequency should be 10~1000kHz, and pulse width is generally between 10~100ns, and energy density is general
For 0.5~5J/cm2, spot diameter d=0.02~1mm, scanning speed can use 0.5~10m/s.
Specific embodiment is as follows:
1. liang beam laser acts on workpiece simultaneously, as shown in Fig. 2, two beam laser space Ds are 1~7mm, CO2Laser exists
Before, ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser is rear, and ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser is scanned along Y-direction, scanning speed vyFor 0.5~10m/s, road is scanned
Electrical path length is equal to CO2The width W of rectangular light spot, complete together scan after, ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser march forward direction translation (0.75~
1) distance of d, the average speed v of ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser in X directionxV should be equal toCO2, to guarantee that D is maintained in suitable range.
According to coating layer thickness, suitable CO is chosen2Coating is thinned to 100~500 μm, utilizes subsequent nanosecond pulse by laser power
Coating after laser ablation is thinned.
2. liang beam laser acts on workpiece simultaneously, as shown in figure 3, space D is 1~7mm, CO2Laser preceding, nanosecond arteries and veins
Impulse light is in rear, ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser and CO2Laser is advanced in X direction with same speed, while ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser is in the y-direction
Round-trip scanning, the velocity component v in the direction yySuitable CO is chosen according to coating layer thickness for 2~10m/s2Laser power will apply
Layer is thinned to 100~500 μm, removes the coating after being thinned using subsequent ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser.
3. being acted on workpiece simultaneously using three beams of laser, as shown in figure 4, CO2Ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser in front of laser with
CO2Laser space D1For 1~2mm, laser energy density should be 0.5~1J/cm2, the ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser and CO at rear2Laser
Space D2For 3~5mm.Two beam ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser scanning speeds are identical, mode can both move as shown in Figure 2, can also be by Fig. 3 institute
The mode of showing moves.Paint layer is preheated by preceding pulse laser, removal threshold value is reduced, using suitable CO2Laser power, by paint layer
100~500 μm are thinned to, removes the paint layer after being thinned using subsequent ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser.
This method mainly has following several respects advantage compared with existing coating reset mode:
1.CO2Laser is when preceding, while coating is thinned, increases remaining Coated Surface Temperature, improves coating table
In face of the absorptivity of pulse laser followed by, coating removal threshold value, laser energy needed for obtaining identical cleaning effect are reduced
Amount substantially reduces, and improves capacity usage ratio, save the cost.2.CO2Laser plays uniform pre-add heat effect to remaining coating,
Reduce strength of coating and its binding force between substrate, make its under the impact force and thermal vibration effect that pulse laser generates more
It easily removes, to expand the influence area of pulse laser, keeps the coating removal effect of substrate surface more uniform, effectively keep away
Exempt from the coating residual of pulsed laser spot gap location.3.CO2Laser heat input is high, can quickly go under higher scanning speed
Except thicker coating, cleaning efficiency is improved.4. ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser heat input is small, for removing the painting close to substrate surface
Layer can make substrate surface keep lower temperature during removing surface contaminant.To the heat input of substrate surface compared with
It is low, it effectively avoids generating heat affecting to substrate surface.5. new pollutant is not generated in cleaning process, it is environmentally protective, it cleaned
Journey is easily controllable, and laser parameter is accurately adjustable.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is CO2Laser/ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser composite cleaning schematic diagram；Wherein, 1-CO2Laser, 2- reflecting mirror, 3- are focused
Lens, 4- scanning galvanometer, 5- ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser, 6- field lens, 7- coating, 8- substrate；
Fig. 2 is CO2Laser/ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser complex method form one；Wherein, 1-CO2Laser rectangular light spot, 2- nanosecond
Pulsed laser spot；
Fig. 3 is CO2Laser/ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser complex method form two；Wherein, 1-CO2Laser rectangular light spot, 2- nanosecond
Pulsed laser spot；
Fig. 4 is CO2Laser/ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser complex method form three；Wherein, 1-CO2Laser rectangular light spot, 2- nanosecond
Pulsed laser spot, the preposition ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser hot spot of 3-；
Fig. 5 is CO22024Al alloy surface shape appearance figure after laser cleaning；
Fig. 6 is 2024Al alloy surface shape appearance figure after ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser cleaning；
Fig. 7 is CO22024Al alloy surface shape appearance figure after laser/ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser substep cleans；
Fig. 8 is CO22024Al alloy surface shape appearance figure after laser/ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser composite cleaning；
Specific embodiment
Specific embodiment 1: a kind of CO of present embodiment2Laser/ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser compound cleaning method, it is
It follows the steps below:
One, by CO2Laser cleaning head and ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser cleaning head are installed in robot, and by CO2Laser cleaning head
It is placed in above coating to be processed with ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser cleaning head；
Two, laser parameter is set:
CO2Laser parameter: laser power is 0.1~2Kw, and light spot shape is rectangle, length L=1~10mm, width W=5
~50mm, scan velocity VCO2For 100~1000mm/s；
Ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser parameter: laser power is 50~1000W, and pulse frequency should be 10~1000kHz, pulse width
For 10~100ns, energy density is 0.5~5J/cm2, spot diameter d=0.02~1mm；
Three, CO is kept2Laser is preceding, and for ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser rear, the distance of the two is 1~7mm；Open CO2Laser with receive
Pulse per second (PPS) laser drives CO by robot2Laser and ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser are advanced in X direction with same speed, while nanosecond
Pulse laser scans back and forth in the y-direction, until by coating removal；Wherein, the scanning speed v of ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser in the y-directionyFor
2~10m/s；Ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser scanning distance and CO in the y-direction2Laser facula it is of same size.
Specific embodiment 2: the present embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that: CO2Laser is continous way CO2
Laser or CO2Pulse laser, wherein CO2Pulse laser pulse frequency is 1~50Hz.It is other with one phase of specific embodiment
Together.
Specific embodiment 3: the present embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that: ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser is by solid
Nd:YAG laser or optical fiber laser generate.It is other same as the specific embodiment one.
Specific embodiment 4: the present embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that: adjustment CO2The laser of laser
Coating to be processed is thinned to 100~500 μm, then is removed by ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser to the coating to be processed after being thinned by power.
It is other same as the specific embodiment one.
Specific embodiment 5: the present embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that: coating to be processed refers to: thickness is equal
For the oxide coating of 0.1~3mm, nitride coatings, carbide coating, polymeric coating layer or composite coating.It is other with it is specific
Embodiment one is identical.
Specific embodiment 6: a kind of CO of present embodiment2Laser/ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser compound cleaning method, it be by
It is carried out according to following steps:
One, by CO2Laser cleaning head and ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser cleaning head are installed in robot, and by CO2Laser cleaning head
It is placed in above coating to be processed with ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser cleaning head；
Two, laser parameter is set:
CO2Laser parameter: laser power is 0.1~2Kw, and light spot shape is rectangle, length L=1~10mm, width W=5
~50mm, scan velocity VCO2For 100~1000mm/s；
Ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser parameter: laser power is 50~1000W, and pulse frequency should be 10~1000kHz, pulse width
For 10~100ns, energy density is 0.5~5J/cm2, spot diameter d=0.02~1mm；
Three, CO is kept2Laser is preceding, and for ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser rear, the distance of the two is 1~7mm；Open CO2Laser with receive
Pulse per second (PPS) laser drives CO by robot2Laser and ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser are advanced in X direction with same speed, while nanosecond
Pulse laser is scanned along Y-direction, scanning speed vyFor 0.5~10m/s, scan path length is equal to CO2The width of rectangular light spot
Degree is completed after scanning together, and ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser direction of marching forward translates 0.75~1mm, until by coating removal；Wherein, it receives
The average speed v of pulse per second (PPS) laser in X directionxEqual to vCO2。
Specific embodiment 7: present embodiment is unlike specific embodiment six: CO2Laser is continous way CO2
Laser or CO2Pulse laser, wherein CO2Pulse laser pulse frequency is 1~50Hz.It is other with six phase of specific embodiment
Together.
Specific embodiment 8: present embodiment is unlike specific embodiment six: ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser is by solid
Nd:YAG laser or optical fiber laser generate.It is other identical as specific embodiment six.
Specific embodiment 9: present embodiment is unlike specific embodiment six: adjustment CO2The laser of laser
Coating to be processed is thinned to 100~500 μm, then is removed by ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser to the coating to be processed after being thinned by power.
It is other identical as specific embodiment six.
Specific embodiment 10: present embodiment is unlike specific embodiment six: coating to be processed refers to: thickness is equal
For the oxide coating of 0.1~3mm, nitride coatings, carbide coating, polymeric coating layer or composite coating.It is other with it is specific
Embodiment six is identical.
A kind of specific embodiment 11: CO of present embodiment2Laser/ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser compound cleaning method, it
It follows the steps below:
One, ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser cleaning head, CO are pressed2The sequence of laser cleaning head and ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser cleaning head is by three
Laser head is installed in robot, and by CO2Laser cleaning head and ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser cleaning head are placed in above coating to be processed；
Two, laser parameter is set:
CO2Laser parameter: laser power is 0.1~2Kw, and light spot shape is rectangle, length L=1~10mm, width W=5
~50mm, scan velocity VCO2For 100~1000mm/s；
Two beam ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser parameters are equal are as follows: and laser power is 50~1000W, and pulse frequency should be 10~1000kHz,
Pulse width is 10~100ns, and energy density is 0.5~1J/cm2, spot diameter d=0.02~1mm；
Three, CO is set2Ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser and its spacing D in front of laser1For 1~2mm；The ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser at rear
With CO2Laser space D2For 3~5mm；CO is driven by robot2Laser and two beam ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed lasers are with same speed along the side X
It marches forward, while the round-trip scanning in the y-direction of two beam ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed lasers, until by coating removal；Wherein, two beam nanosecond pulse
The scanning speed component v in the direction laser yyIt is 2~10m/s；Ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser scanning distance and CO in the y-direction2Laser facula
It is of same size.
Specific embodiment 12: present embodiment is unlike specific embodiment 11: CO2Laser is continuous
Formula CO2Laser or CO2Pulse laser, wherein CO2Pulse laser pulse frequency is 1~50Hz.Other and specific embodiment party
Formula 11 is identical.
Specific embodiment 13: present embodiment is unlike specific embodiment 11: ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser by
Solid Nd: YAG laser or optical fiber laser generate.It is other identical as specific embodiment 11.
Specific embodiment 14: present embodiment is unlike specific embodiment 11: adjustment CO2Laser
Coating to be processed is thinned to 100~500 μm by laser power, then by ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser to the coating to be processed after being thinned
It removes.Other and specific embodiment ten is together.
Specific embodiment 15: present embodiment is unlike specific embodiment 11: coating to be processed refers to: thick
Degree is oxide coating, nitride coatings, carbide coating, polymeric coating layer or the composite coating of 0.1~3mm.It is other with
Specific embodiment 11 is identical.
A kind of specific embodiment 16: CO of present embodiment2Laser/ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser compound cleaning method, it
It follows the steps below:
One, ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser cleaning head, CO are pressed2The sequence of laser cleaning head and ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser cleaning head is by three
Laser head is installed in robot, and by CO2Laser cleaning head and ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser cleaning head are placed in above coating to be processed；
Two, laser parameter is set:
CO2Laser parameter: laser power is 0.1~2Kw, and light spot shape is rectangle, length L=1~10mm, width W=5
~50mm, scan velocity VCO2For 100~1000mm/s；
Two beam ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser parameters are equal are as follows: and laser power is 50~1000W, and pulse frequency should be 10~1000kHz,
Pulse width is 10~100ns, and energy density is 0.5~1J/cm2, spot diameter d=0.02~1mm；
Three, CO is set2Ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser and its spacing D in front of laser1For 1~2mm；The ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser at rear
With CO2Laser space D2For 3~5mm；CO is driven by robot2Laser and two beam ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed lasers are with same speed along the side X
It marches forward, while two beam ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed lasers are scanned along Y-direction, scanning speed vyIt is 0.5~10m/s, scan path
Length is equal to CO2The width of rectangular light spot, complete together scan after, two beam ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed lasers march forward direction translation
0.75~1mm, until by coating removal；Wherein, the average speed v of two beam ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed lasers in X directionxIt is equal to vCO2。
Specific embodiment 17: present embodiment is unlike specific embodiment 16: CO2Laser is continuous
Formula CO2Laser or CO2Pulse laser, wherein CO2Pulse laser pulse frequency is 1~50Hz.Other and specific embodiment party
Formula 16 is identical.
Specific embodiment 18: present embodiment is unlike specific embodiment 16: ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser by
Solid Nd: YAG laser or optical fiber laser generate.It is other identical as specific embodiment 16.
Specific embodiment 19: present embodiment is unlike specific embodiment 16: adjustment CO2Laser
Coating to be processed is thinned to 100~500 μm by laser power, then by ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser to the coating to be processed after being thinned
It removes.It is other same with specific embodiment 16.
Specific embodiment 20: present embodiment is unlike specific embodiment 16: coating to be processed refers to: thick
Degree is oxide coating, nitride coatings, carbide coating, polymeric coating layer or the composite coating of 0.1~3mm.It is other with
Specific embodiment 16 is identical.
The content of present invention is not limited only to the content of the respective embodiments described above, the group of one of them or several specific embodiments
The purpose of invention also may be implemented in contract sample.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are verified by following embodiment:
Embodiment 1 to 4 is handled the coating of identical 2024 aluminum alloy surface, and embodiment 1 is using the present invention
Scheme handled, embodiment 2 to 4 be reference examples, for being compared analysis with the scheme of embodiment 1.
Embodiment 1
To the coating of 2024 aluminum alloy surfaces, using CO2Laser/ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser composite cleaning, concrete operations are as follows:
One, by CO2Laser cleaning head and ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser cleaning head are installed in robot, and by CO2Laser cleaning head
Coating to be processed (coating main component is epoxy coating, with a thickness of 0.8mm) top is placed in ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser cleaning head；
Two, laser parameter is set:
CO2Laser parameter: continuous CO is used2Laser, laser power 500W, light spot shape are rectangle, length L=3mm,
Width W=5mm, scan velocity VCO2For 500mm/s；
Ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser parameter: pulse frequency should be 10kHz, pulse width 30ns, laser power 100W, hot spot
D=960 μm of diameter；
Three, CO is kept2Laser is preceding, and for ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser rear, the distance of the two is 3mm；Open CO2Laser and nanosecond
Pulse laser drives CO by robot2Laser and ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser are advanced in X direction with same speed, while nanosecond arteries and veins
Impulse light scans back and forth in the y-direction, until by coating removal；Wherein, the velocity component v in the direction yyFor 3m/s；Nanosecond pulse swashs
Light scanning distance and CO in the y-direction2Laser facula it is of same size.
Sample surface micro-topography after cleaning is as shown in figure 8, as shown in Figure 8, specimen surface coating residual area after cleaning
Accounting is 1.3%, and roughness is 4.8 μm.Due to CO2The binding force of the pre- heat effect of laser, coating and substrate surface reduces, table
Finishing coat removal is more thorough, and substantially without remaining coating, the coating close to surface is swashed the specimen surface after cleaning with nanosecond
Light is removed, and fuel factor is small, and energy is easily controllable, does not cause to damage to substrate, is swashed compared to single laser cleaning and two kinds
Light substep cleans, and the substrate surface after cleaning more cleans, is smooth.Meanwhile comparing two kinds of laser substeps and cleaning, CO2Laser/receive
Pulse per second (PPS) laser compound cleaning method effectively improves the utilization rate of energy, and better cleaning is obtained under lower power
Effect.
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment is as reference examples, using continuous CO22024 aluminum alloy surface coating (coating main component of laser cleaning
For epoxy coating, with a thickness of 0.8mm), laser power 600W, laser facula shape is rectangle, length 3mm, width 5mm, clearly
Washing speed is 500mm/s.Specimen surface coating (as shown in Figure 5) residual area accounting is 6.5% after cleaning, roughness 15.8
μm。
From figure 5 it can be seen that the paint layer on surface removes substantially, but due to CO2Laser is easy to generate heat to substrate surface
It influencing, the technological parameter of cleaning process is difficult accurately to control, and when cleaning causes damage to substrate surface, it is aoxidized,
Surface leaves more pit and crackle.
Embodiment 3
The present embodiment as reference examples, using nanosecond optical-fiber laser clean 2024 aluminum alloy surface coatings (coating mainly at
It is divided into epoxy coating, with a thickness of 0.8mm), laser power 100W, 960 μm of spot diameter, pulse frequency 10kHz, pulse width
30ns, scanning speed 3000mm/s, scanning times are 5 times.Specimen surface coating (as shown in Figure 6) residual area accounting after cleaning
It is 8.7%, roughness is 20.9 μm, from fig. 6 it can be seen that the substrate surface after cleaning after 5 scanning still has a small amount of painting
Layer residual, although scanning speed is fast, spot size is much smaller than CO2Laser cleaning, efficiency are significant lower.
Embodiment 4
The present embodiment first uses CO as reference examples, to the epoxy coating of 2024 aluminum alloy surfaces2Laser, after being spaced 1min
It is cleaned using ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser, CO2Laser power is 500W, and cleaning speed 500mm/s, laser facula shape is square
Shape, length 3mm, width 5mm；Ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser power is 200W, and 960 μm of spot diameter, pulse frequency 10kHz, pulse is wide
30ns is spent, scanning speed 3000mm/s, sample surface micro-topography after cleaning is as shown in fig. 7, coating residual area accounting is
3.8%, roughness is 11.3 μm.
Embodiment 5
To the coating of 2024 aluminum alloy surfaces, using CO2Laser/ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser composite cleaning, concrete operations are as follows:
One, by CO2Laser cleaning head and ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser cleaning head are installed in robot, and by CO2Laser cleaning head
Coating to be processed (coating main component is epoxy coating, with a thickness of 0.8mm) top is placed in ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser cleaning head；
Two, laser parameter is set:
CO2Laser parameter: continuous CO is used2Laser, laser power 500W, light spot shape are rectangle, length L=3mm,
Width W=5mm, scan velocity VCO2For 500mm/s；
Ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser parameter: pulse frequency should be 10kHz, pulse width 30ns, laser power 100W, hot spot
D=960 μm of diameter；
Three, CO is kept2Laser is preceding, and for ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser rear, the distance of the two is 3mm；Open CO2Laser and nanosecond
Pulse laser drives CO by robot2Laser and ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser are advanced in X direction with same speed, while nanosecond arteries and veins
Impulse light is scanned along Y-direction, scanning speed vyFor 3m/s, scan path length is equal to CO2The width W of rectangular light spot is completed
Together scan after, ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser march forward direction translation 0.75mm distance, the average speed of ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser in X direction
Spend vxV should be equal toCO2, to guarantee that D is maintained in suitable range.
It is cleaned compared to single laser cleaning and two kinds of laser substeps, the substrate surface after cleaning more cleans, is smooth.Together
When, it compares two kinds of laser substeps and cleans, CO2Laser/ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser compound cleaning method effectively improves the benefit of energy
With rate, better cleaning effect is obtained under lower power.This is because CO2The pre- heat effect of laser, coating and substrate
The binding force on surface reduces, and surface covering removal is more thorough, and the specimen surface after cleaning without remaining coating, approaches substantially
The reason of coating on surface is removed with nanosecond laser, and fuel factor is small, and energy is easily controllable, does not cause damage to substrate.
Embodiment 6
To the coating of 2024 aluminum alloy surfaces, using CO2Laser/ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser composite cleaning, concrete operations are as follows:
One, by CO2Laser cleaning head and two ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser cleaning heads are installed in robot, and by CO2Laser is clear
Hair washing is placed on coating to be processed (coating main component is epoxy coating, with a thickness of 0.8mm) with ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser cleaning head
Side；
Two, laser parameter is set:
CO2Laser parameter: continuous CO is used2Laser, laser power 500W, light spot shape are rectangle, length L=3mm,
Width W=5mm, scan velocity VCO2For 500mm/s；
Ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser parameter: pulse frequency should be 10kHz, pulse width 30ns, laser power 100W, hot spot
D=960 μm of diameter；
Three, CO is kept2Ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser and CO in front of laser2Laser space D1Nanosecond pulse for 1mm, rear swashs
Light and CO2Laser space D2For 3mm, laser energy density should be 0.5J/cm2；The distance of the two is 3mm；Open CO2Laser with
Ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser drives CO by robot2Laser and ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser are advanced in X direction with same speed, are received simultaneously
Pulse per second (PPS) laser is scanned along Y-direction, and two beam ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser scanning speeds are identical, scanning speed vyIt is 3m/s, sweeps
Path length is retouched equal to CO2The width W of rectangular light spot, complete together scan after, ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser march forward direction translation
The distance of 0.75mm, the average speed v of ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser in X directionxV should be equal toCO2, to guarantee that D is maintained at suitable range
It is interior.
It is cleaned compared to single laser cleaning and two kinds of laser substeps, the substrate surface after cleaning more cleans, is smooth.Together
When, it compares two kinds of laser substeps and cleans, CO2Laser/ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser compound cleaning method effectively improves the benefit of energy
With rate, better cleaning effect is obtained under lower power.This is because CO2The pre- heat effect of laser, coating and substrate
The binding force on surface reduces, and surface covering removal is more thorough, and the specimen surface after cleaning without remaining coating, approaches substantially
The reason of coating on surface is removed with nanosecond laser, and fuel factor is small, and energy is easily controllable, does not cause damage to substrate.
Embodiment 7
To the coating of 2024 aluminum alloy surfaces, using CO2Laser/ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser composite cleaning, concrete operations are as follows:
One, by CO2Laser cleaning head and two ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser cleaning heads are installed in robot, and by CO2Laser is clear
Hair washing is placed on coating to be processed (coating main component is epoxy coating, with a thickness of 0.8mm) with ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser cleaning head
Side；
Two, laser parameter is set:
CO2Laser parameter: continuous CO is used2Laser, laser power 500W, light spot shape are rectangle, length L=3mm,
Width W=5mm, scan velocity VCO2For 500mm/s；
Ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser parameter: pulse frequency should be 10kHz, pulse width 30ns, laser power 100W, hot spot
D=960 μm of diameter；
Three, CO is kept2Ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser and CO in front of laser2Laser space D1Nanosecond pulse for 1mm, rear swashs
Light and CO2Laser space D2For 3mm, laser energy density should be 0.5J/cm2；The distance of the two is that 3mm opens CO2Laser with receive
Pulse per second (PPS) laser drives CO by robot2Laser and ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser are advanced in X direction with same speed, while nanosecond
Pulse laser scans back and forth in the y-direction, until by coating removal；Wherein, two beam ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser scanning speeds are identical, the side y
To velocity component vyIt is 3m/s；Ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser scanning distance and CO in the y-direction2Laser facula it is of same size.It compares
It is cleaned in single laser cleaning and two kinds of laser substeps, the substrate surface after cleaning more cleans, is smooth.Meanwhile two kinds of comparison are swashed
Light substep cleans, CO2Laser/ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser compound cleaning method effectively improves the utilization rate of energy, lower
Better cleaning effect is obtained under power.This is because CO2The binding force of the pre- heat effect of laser, coating and substrate surface drops
Low, surface covering removal is more thorough, specimen surface after cleaning substantially without remaining coating, close to surface coating with receiving
The reason of second, laser was removed, and fuel factor is small, and energy is easily controllable, did not cause damage to substrate.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of CO2Laser/ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser compound cleaning method, it is characterised in that it is followed the steps below:
One, by CO2Laser cleaning head and ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser cleaning head are installed in robot, and by CO2Laser cleaning head with receive
Pulse per second (PPS) laser cleaning head is placed in above coating to be processed；
Two, laser parameter is set:
CO2Laser parameter: laser power is 0.1~2Kw, and light spot shape is rectangle, length L=1~10mm, width W=5~
50mm, scan velocity VCO2For 100~1000mm/s；
Ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser parameter: laser power is 50~1000W, and pulse frequency should be 10~1000kHz, pulse width 10
~100ns, energy density are 0.5~5J/cm2, spot diameter d=0.02~1mm；
Three, CO is kept2Laser is preceding, and for ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser rear, the distance of the two is 1~7mm；Open CO2Laser and nanosecond arteries and veins
Impulse light drives CO by robot2Laser and ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser are advanced in X direction with same speed, while nanosecond pulse
Laser scans back and forth in the y-direction, until by coating removal；Wherein, the scanning speed component v of ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser in the y-directionyFor
2~10m/s；Ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser scanning distance and CO in the y-direction2Laser facula it is of same size.
2. a kind of CO according to claim 12Laser/ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser compound cleaning method, it is characterised in that CO2Swash
Light device is continous way CO2Laser or CO2Pulse laser, wherein CO2Pulse laser pulse frequency is 1~50Hz.
3. a kind of CO according to claim 12Laser/ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser compound cleaning method, it is characterised in that nanosecond arteries and veins
Impulse light is by solid Nd: YAG laser or optical fiber laser generate.
4. a kind of CO according to claim 1,2 or 32Laser/ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser compound cleaning method, it is characterised in that
Adjust CO2Coating to be processed is thinned to 100~500 μm by the laser power of laser, then by ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser to thinned
Coating to be processed afterwards is removed.
5. a kind of CO according to claim 12Laser/ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser compound cleaning method, it is characterised in that be processed
Coating refers to: thickness is oxide coating, nitride coatings, carbide coating, polymeric coating layer or the compound painting of 0.1~3mm
Layer.
6. a kind of CO2Laser/ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser compound cleaning method, it is characterised in that it is followed the steps below:
One, by CO2Laser cleaning head and ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser cleaning head are installed in robot, and by CO2Laser cleaning head with receive
Pulse per second (PPS) laser cleaning head is placed in above coating to be processed；
Two, laser parameter is set:
CO2Laser parameter: laser power is 0.1~2Kw, and light spot shape is rectangle, length L=1~10mm, width W=5~
50mm, scan velocity VCO2For 100~1000mm/s；
Ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser parameter: laser power is 50~1000W, and pulse frequency should be 10~1000kHz, pulse width 10
~100ns, energy density are 0.5~5J/cm2, spot diameter d=0.02~1mm；
Three, CO is kept2Laser is preceding, and for ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser rear, the distance of the two is 1~7mm；Open CO2Laser and nanosecond arteries and veins
Impulse light drives CO by robot2Laser and ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser are advanced in X direction with same speed, while nanosecond pulse
Laser is scanned along Y-direction, scanning speed vyFor 0.5~10m/s, scan path length is equal to CO2The width of rectangular light spot,
It completes after scanning together, ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser direction of marching forward translates 0.75~1mm, until by coating removal；Wherein, nanosecond arteries and veins
The average speed v of impulse light in X directionxEqual to vCO2。
7. a kind of CO2Laser/ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser compound cleaning method, it is characterised in that it is followed the steps below:
One, ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser cleaning head, CO are pressed2The sequence of laser cleaning head and ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser cleaning head is by three laser
Head is installed in robot, and by CO2Laser cleaning head and ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser cleaning head are placed in above coating to be processed；
Two, laser parameter is set:
CO2Laser parameter: laser power is 0.1~2Kw, and light spot shape is rectangle, length L=1~10mm, width W=5~
50mm, scan velocity VCO2For 100~1000mm/s；
Two beam ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser parameters are equal are as follows: laser power is 50~1000W, and pulse frequency should be 10~1000kHz, pulse
Width is 10~100ns, and energy density is 0.5~1J/cm2, spot diameter d=0.02~1mm；
Three, CO is set2Ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser and its spacing D in front of laser1For 1~2mm；The ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser and CO at rear2
Laser space D2For 3~5mm；CO is driven by robot2Laser and two beam ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed lasers with same speed in X direction before
Into, while the round-trip scanning in the y-direction of two beam ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed lasers, until by coating removal；Wherein, two beam ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser
The scanning speed component v in the direction yyIt is 2~10m/s；Ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser scanning distance and CO in the y-direction2The width of laser facula
It spends identical.
8. a kind of CO according to claim 72Laser/ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser compound cleaning method, it is characterised in that adjustment
CO2Coating to be processed is thinned to 100~500 μm by the laser power of laser, then by ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser to being thinned after
Coating to be processed is removed.
9. a kind of CO according to claim 72Laser/ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser compound cleaning method, it is characterised in that be processed
Coating refers to: thickness is oxide coating, nitride coatings, carbide coating, polymeric coating layer or the compound painting of 0.1~3mm
Layer.
10. a kind of CO2Laser/ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser compound cleaning method, it is characterised in that it is followed the steps below:
One, ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser cleaning head, CO are pressed2The sequence of laser cleaning head and ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser cleaning head is by three laser
Head is installed in robot, and by CO2Laser cleaning head and ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser cleaning head are placed in above coating to be processed；
Two, laser parameter is set:
CO2Laser parameter: laser power is 0.1~2Kw, and light spot shape is rectangle, length L=1~10mm, width W=5~
50mm, scan velocity VCO2For 100~1000mm/s；
Two beam ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser parameters are equal are as follows: laser power is 50~1000W, and pulse frequency should be 10~1000kHz, pulse
Width is 10~100ns, and energy density is 0.5~1J/cm2, spot diameter d=0.02~1mm；
Three, CO is set2Ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser and its spacing D in front of laser1For 1~2mm；The ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser and CO at rear2
Laser space D2For 3~5mm；CO is driven by robot2Laser and two beam ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed lasers with same speed in X direction before
Into, while two beam ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed lasers are scanned along Y-direction, scanning speed vyIt is 0.5~10m/s, scan path length
It is equal to CO2The width of rectangular light spot, complete together scan after, two beam ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed lasers march forward direction translation 0.75~
1mm, until by coating removal；Wherein, the average speed v of two beam ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed lasers in X directionxIt is equal to vCO2。
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