CN110833205B - Three-stage temperature-changing fermentation method for improving taste of leaf type cigars - Google Patents
Three-stage temperature-changing fermentation method for improving taste of leaf type cigars Download PDFInfo
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- CN110833205B CN110833205B CN201911132386.0A CN201911132386A CN110833205B CN 110833205 B CN110833205 B CN 110833205B CN 201911132386 A CN201911132386 A CN 201911132386A CN 110833205 B CN110833205 B CN 110833205B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
- A24B15/00—Chemical features or treatment of tobacco; Tobacco substitutes, e.g. in liquid form
- A24B15/18—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes
- A24B15/20—Biochemical treatment
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Abstract
The invention discloses a three-stage temperature-changing fermentation method for improving the taste of blade-type cigars, and relates to a process treatment technology for obviously improving the taste and the compatibility of the blade-type cigars. After the three-stage fermentation, the conversion and degradation of macromolecular substances of specific smell components of sun-cured tobacco are realized, the smell of sun-cured tobacco is weakened, the basic quality of raw materials is improved, and the characteristic aroma of the tobacco flakes is induced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of variable temperature fermentation, in particular to a three-stage variable temperature fermentation method for improving the taste of blade type cigars.
Background
The leaf cigar is limited by cigar raw materials, the leaf cigar is mainly prepared by domestic and Indonesia area raw materials at present, but the domestic air-cured tobacco has strong concentration, bitter taste, heavy residue, insufficient aroma and rough smoke; the tobacco leaves dried in Indonesia are bitter in smell and heavy in residue, and the clove gas and resin gas are strong, so that great obstruction is brought to the improvement of the sensory quality of the leaf type cigars.
At present, the taste of the cigars is improved mainly by an industrial secondary fermentation mode, the adopted methods are stacking fermentation and bundle fermentation, but the two methods are both used for fermenting the cigars and are not uniform in fermentation, and meanwhile, the dense stacking of the tobacco leaves causes that the miscellaneous gas generated by fermentation is not emitted and discharged, so that the tobacco leaves carry out secondary absorption on the miscellaneous gas, and the fermentation effect is influenced; in addition, existing fermentation processes require the tobacco leaves to be carried out at a higher moisture content, which increases the bitterness of the tobacco leaves.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention provides a three-stage temperature-changing fermentation method for improving the taste of the blade type cigars, which adopts a process treatment technology capable of ensuring fermentation homogenization and obviously improving the taste and compatibility of the blade type cigars, and the three-stage temperature-changing fermentation method can be carried out under low moisture, can realize the discharge of miscellaneous gas in a temperature and humidity adjusting mode, does not need to manually turn the tobacco leaves, improves the working environment and saves the labor cost.
The invention realizes the purpose through the following technical scheme:
a three-stage temperature-changing fermentation method for improving the taste of a vane type cigar comprises the steps of selecting sun-cured tobacco raw materials at home and in Indonesia production areas, screening out raw materials with plasticity in style and quality by carrying out sensory evaluation and appearance identification on the raw materials, and constructing a vane type cigar core raw material module;
the blade type cigar core raw material module is beaten into small pieces suitable for blade type cigars by a beater set, so that the tobacco flakes can be conveniently and directly used after treatment, the surface area of the tobacco flakes in contact with the environment in the treatment process is increased, the tobacco flakes can more fully exchange heat with the environment and discharge impure gas; loading tobacco flakes into gunny bags with good air permeability, transferring the tobacco flakes to a fermentation room, and starting three-stage variable temperature fermentation;
the three-stage variable temperature fermentation comprises the following specific steps:
(1) placing the gunny bag on a wood frame;
(2) primary fermentation: and (3) temperature and humidity setting of the fermentation room: temperature: 37 ± 2 ℃, relative humidity: 80-85%;
finishing the primary fermentation after continuous fermentation for 6-7 days, closing the humidifying valve at 50-65 ℃ to ensure that the tobacco leaves fully escape miscellaneous gas in a high-temperature low-humidity environment until the tobacco leaves have no obvious miscellaneous gas, and then performing secondary fermentation;
(3) secondary fermentation: and (3) temperature and humidity setting of the fermentation room: temperature: 45 ± 2 ℃, relative humidity: 85 plus or minus 5 percent;
finishing the secondary fermentation after continuously fermenting for 4-5 days, closing the humidifying valve at 50-65 ℃ to ensure that the tobacco leaves fully escape miscellaneous gas in a high-temperature low-humidity environment until the tobacco leaves have no obvious miscellaneous gas, and then performing tertiary fermentation;
(4) and (3) three-stage fermentation: and (3) temperature and humidity setting of the fermentation room: temperature: 50. + -.2 ℃ relative humidity: 90 plus or minus 2 percent;
finishing the three-stage fermentation after 15 days of continuous fermentation, directly transferring to a roasting machine for re-roasting, and then boxing for standby.
Further, before being transported to a fermentation room, the small pieces need to be applied with feed liquid which is helpful to degrade substances such as protein, nicotine and the like and are balanced for 10-24 hours in an environment with the temperature of 25 ℃ and the relative humidity of 65%.
The further scheme is that the feed liquid is prepared by mixing 1 part of cinnamon wine, 4 parts of red and white tea, 2 parts of glucose, 0.005 part of protease and 2.995 parts of alcohol, and the application ratio is 4-6%.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the traditional tobacco fermenting mode is changed, the tobacco flake fermenting mode is adopted, the contact surface area of the tobacco flakes and the environment is increased, the heat exchange is accelerated, and the removal of miscellaneous gases is facilitated.
2. The formula module is used for fermentation, so that the homogenization degree of the leaf group compatibility is enhanced, and the problems of weakening and poor compatibility of single variety fermentation in the leaf group are solved.
3. Relative to the dependence of accumulation fermentation on climate, the tobacco flake fermentation adopts an artificial temperature and humidity control mode, can run for 365 days all the year round, and does not depend on climate conditions; the pile does not need to be turned, the labor intensity is low, and the labor environment of workers is improved.
4. Aiming at different physicochemical characteristics of the tobacco flake fermentation stage, corresponding temperature and humidity environments are set, so that the quality characteristics of the tobacco are gradually reflected in the temperature changing process.
5. High-temperature impurity removal treatment is carried out between every two levels of temperature, and the dissipation and conversion of bad smell in the tobacco are realized to the maximum extent.
6. After the three-stage fermentation, the conversion and degradation of macromolecular substances of specific smell components of sun-cured tobacco are realized, the smell of sun-cured tobacco is weakened, the basic quality of raw materials is improved, and the characteristic aroma of the tobacco flakes is induced.
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In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the embodiments or the drawings needed to be practical in the prior art description, and obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the embodiments, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the present invention showing a sack being placed on a wooden frame;
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be described in detail below. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention, and not restrictive of the full scope of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the examples given herein without any inventive step, are within the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
The fermentation method is adopted for producing mini series products of the cigars in the Changcheng cigar natural eggplant coating machine;
the fermentation process is as follows: selecting sun-cured tobacco raw materials at home and Indonesia production areas, and screening out raw materials with plasticity in style and quality by sensory evaluation and appearance identification of the raw materials to construct a blade type cigar core raw material module;
table 1: the vane type cigar core raw material module of the embodiment
The blade type cigar core raw material module is beaten into small pieces suitable for blade type cigars by a beater set, so that the tobacco flakes can be conveniently and directly used after treatment, the surface area of the tobacco flakes in contact with the environment in the treatment process is increased, the tobacco flakes can more fully exchange heat with the environment and discharge impure gas; before being transported to a fermentation room, the small pieces need to be applied with feed liquid which is used for degrading substances such as protein, nicotine and the like and balanced for 10-24 hours in an environment with the temperature of 25 ℃ and the relative humidity of 65%, wherein the feed liquid is formed by mixing 1 part of cinnamon wine, 4 parts of red and white tea, 2 parts of glucose, 0.005 part of protease and 2.995 parts of alcohol, and the application ratio is 5%. Then, the tobacco flakes are filled into gunny bags with good air permeability and then transferred to a fermentation room, and three-stage variable temperature fermentation is carried out;
the three-stage variable temperature fermentation comprises the following specific steps:
(1) as shown in fig. 1, the gunny bags are placed on a wooden frame; the bag openings are tied, and the gunny bags cannot be stacked;
(2) primary fermentation: and (3) temperature and humidity setting of the fermentation room: temperature: 37 ± 2 ℃, relative humidity: 80-85%;
finishing the primary fermentation after continuous fermentation for 6-7 days, closing the humidifying valve at 50-65 ℃ to ensure that the tobacco leaves fully escape miscellaneous gas in a high-temperature low-humidity environment until the tobacco leaves have no obvious miscellaneous gas, and then performing secondary fermentation;
(3) secondary fermentation: and (3) temperature and humidity setting of the fermentation room: temperature: 45 ± 2 ℃, relative humidity: 85 plus or minus 5 percent;
finishing the secondary fermentation after continuously fermenting for 4-5 days, closing the humidifying valve at 50-65 ℃ to ensure that the tobacco leaves fully escape miscellaneous gas in a high-temperature low-humidity environment until the tobacco leaves have no obvious miscellaneous gas, and then performing tertiary fermentation;
(4) and (3) three-stage fermentation: and (3) temperature and humidity setting of the fermentation room: temperature: 50. + -.2 ℃ relative humidity: 90 plus or minus 2 percent;
finishing the three-stage fermentation after 15 days of continuous fermentation, directly transferring to a roasting machine for re-roasting, and then boxing for standby.
Table 2: the blade type cigar module of the embodiment is subjected to sampling and evaluation after a three-stage temperature-changing fermentation technology
As can be seen from the sensory evaluation results: after the tobacco flakes are treated by the three-stage variable temperature fermentation technology, the aroma quality and the agglomeration property of the modular tobacco flakes are improved, the smoke intensity and the irritation are reduced to some extent, and the sweetness is increased.
Table 3: the results of the chemical analysis of the vane-type cigar module of this embodiment after the three-stage temperature-varying fermentation technology
Wherein JS-1808047 is a sample before fermentation; JS-1808048 is the sample after the same batch fermentation;
according to the chemical analysis result, after the smoked sheets are treated by the three-stage temperature changing technology, the total plant alkali and the total nitrogen of the modular smoked sheets are obviously reduced, and the reducing sugar and the total sugar are improved to a certain extent.
The mini-series products of the cigars manufactured by the natural cigar coating machine in the great wall adopt the tobacco sheets produced by the method, the style of the products highlights the characteristics of oriental fragrance, simultaneously, the cigar fragrance is soft and exquisite, the smoke is mellow and elegant, the comfort level and the sweetness of the mouthfeel are highlighted, and the mini-series products have drawing resistance and regional characteristics. Among them, great wall (mini vanilla) achieved a sales ring ratio increase of over 80%.
Example 2
After the tobacco flakes produced by the method are adopted in the leaf-type manual cigar series products, (the leaf-type cigar core raw material module of the embodiment is the same as that of the embodiment 1, and is different in that different external flavors are added after fermentation to endow style characteristics), the mellow feeling of aroma, the mellow feeling of taste and the mellow and clean feeling of aftertaste are further remarkable, the harmony of combustible indexes of burning and smoking is tamped, and the style characteristics of the Chinese cigar product with sweet and moist fragrance are highlighted.
The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention, and all the changes or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the present invention. The various features described in the foregoing detailed description may be combined in any suitable manner without contradiction, and various combinations that are possible in the present invention will not be further described in order to avoid unnecessary repetition. Any combination of the different embodiments of the present invention is also possible, and the same should be considered as the disclosure of the present invention as long as it does not depart from the gist of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. The three-stage temperature-changing fermentation method for improving the taste of the blade type cigars is characterized in that,
selecting sun-cured tobacco raw materials at home and Indonesia production areas, and screening out raw materials with plasticity in style and quality by sensory evaluation and appearance identification of the raw materials to construct a blade type cigar core raw material module;
beating the blade type cigar core raw material module into small pieces suitable for blade type cigars through a threshing machine set, so that the small pieces can fully exchange heat with the environment and discharge impure gases; loading tobacco flakes into gunny bags with good air permeability, transferring the tobacco flakes to a fermentation room, and starting three-stage variable temperature fermentation;
before being transported to a fermentation room, the small pieces need to be applied with feed liquid which is helpful to degrade protein and nicotine and are balanced for 10 to 24 hours in an environment with the temperature of 25 ℃ and the relative humidity of 65 percent; the feed liquid is prepared by mixing 1 part of cassia liquor, 4 parts of black and white tea, 2 parts of glucose, 0.005 part of protease and 2.995 parts of alcohol, and the application ratio is 4-6%;
the three-stage variable temperature fermentation comprises the following specific steps:
(1) placing the gunny bag on a wood frame;
(2) primary fermentation: and (3) temperature and humidity setting of the fermentation room: temperature: 37 ± 2 ℃, relative humidity: 80-85%;
finishing the primary fermentation after continuous fermentation for 6-7 days, closing the humidifying valve at 50-65 ℃ to ensure that the tobacco leaves fully escape miscellaneous gas in a high-temperature low-humidity environment until the tobacco leaves have no obvious miscellaneous gas, and then performing secondary fermentation;
(3) secondary fermentation: and (3) temperature and humidity setting of the fermentation room: temperature: 45 ± 2 ℃, relative humidity: 85 plus or minus 5 percent;
finishing the secondary fermentation after continuously fermenting for 4-5 days, closing the humidifying valve at 50-65 ℃ to ensure that the tobacco leaves fully escape miscellaneous gas in a high-temperature low-humidity environment until the tobacco leaves have no obvious miscellaneous gas, and then performing tertiary fermentation;
(4) and (3) three-stage fermentation: and (3) temperature and humidity setting of the fermentation room: temperature: 50. + -.2 ℃ relative humidity: 90 plus or minus 2 percent;
finishing the three-stage fermentation after 15 days of continuous fermentation, directly transferring to a roasting machine for re-roasting, and then boxing for standby.
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| CN111567853B (en) * | 2020-05-13 | 2022-06-21 | 四川中烟工业有限责任公司 | Method for fermenting cigar tobacco leaves by using sun-cured tobacco stem leaching solution |
| CN113598401B (en) * | 2021-08-05 | 2023-05-26 | 湖北中烟工业有限责任公司 | Method for improving intrinsic quality of Indonesia cigar tobacco leaves |
| CN113679091B (en) * | 2021-09-08 | 2022-09-30 | 湖北中烟工业有限责任公司 | Preparation method of leaf bundle type cigar core |
| CN113974195B (en) * | 2021-11-18 | 2023-06-30 | 湖北中烟工业有限责任公司 | Cigar production method |
| CN114788579A (en) * | 2022-05-30 | 2022-07-26 | 四川中烟工业有限责任公司 | Temperature-changing fermentation method for cigar tobacco leaves |
| CN114983004B (en) * | 2022-06-21 | 2023-03-14 | 云南省烟草农业科学研究院 | Preparation method of tobacco pipe shreds capable of improving aroma quality |
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| CN115053982B (en) * | 2022-07-05 | 2023-04-11 | 云南省烟草农业科学研究院 | Preparation method and application of cigar core tobacco leaf aroma-enhancing quality-improving alcoholization medium |
| CN115226929B (en) * | 2022-07-27 | 2023-04-07 | 四川中烟工业有限责任公司 | Seasonal cigar tobacco leaf biological medium fermentation method |
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