CN110821591A - Heat-storage-free adiabatic compressed air energy storage method and system - Google Patents
Heat-storage-free adiabatic compressed air energy storage method and system Download PDFInfo
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K27/00—Plants for converting heat or fluid energy into mechanical energy, not otherwise provided for
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D15/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of engines with devices driven thereby
- F01D15/10—Adaptations for driving, or combinations with, electric generators
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K23/00—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids
- F01K23/02—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B41/00—Pumping installations or systems specially adapted for elastic fluids
- F04B41/02—Pumping installations or systems specially adapted for elastic fluids having reservoirs
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/16—Mechanical energy storage, e.g. flywheels or pressurised fluids
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E70/00—Other energy conversion or management systems reducing GHG emissions
- Y02E70/30—Systems combining energy storage with energy generation of non-fossil origin
Abstract
The invention discloses a heat-storage-free adiabatic compressed air energy storage method and system, wherein a compressed air energy storage subsystem and a compressed heat absorption subsystem are respectively connected with a compressed air energy release subsystem; the compressed air energy storage subsystem converts the atmospheric air in the environment into high-pressure air by a compressor by utilizing renewable energy or surplus electric energy; the compression heat absorption subsystem pyrolyzes the liquid fuel into synthesis gas by utilizing compression heat generated in the compression process and stores the synthesis gas in a synthesis gas storage tank; the compressed air energy release subsystem mixes and burns high-pressure air and synthesis gas in a combustion chamber, and the generated high-temperature and high-pressure flue gas is used for driving a turbine unit to do work and outputting electric energy. The invention not only can realize the function of the compressed air energy storage system, but also can improve the energy grade of the compression heat in the energy storage process and the energy utilization rate of the system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of electric energy storage, and particularly relates to a heat-storage-free adiabatic compressed air energy storage method and system.
Background
The development and utilization of fossil energy such as coal and petroleum by human beings greatly promote the world development, however, with the large exploitation and consumption of fossil energy, not only the reserves of fossil energy are gradually exhausted, but also the problems of environmental pollution, ecological destruction, climate change and the like worldwide are caused. To solve the above problems, the development of clean and efficient renewable energy has become a common consensus in countries around the world.
Wind energy, as a representative renewable energy source, has been rapidly developed in recent years worldwide, and china has become the country with the largest global cumulative wind power installed capacity. However, wind energy is a typical renewable energy source with the characteristics of randomness and intermittence, and electric energy generated by a wind power system using the wind energy as a motive power also has the characteristics of intermittence, volatility, aperiodicity and the like, so that great challenges are brought to the development of novel energy sources in China.
The energy storage technology converts wind energy with unstable characteristics into stable energy for storage, and then outputs stable electric energy to the outside when the power grid needs the energy storage technology. The existing mature technologies suitable for large-scale wind power storage only comprise a pumped storage technology and a compressed air energy storage technology, the pumped storage technology cannot be widely popularized and applied because wind power enrichment areas in China are mostly arid and water-deficient areas, and the compressed air energy storage technology which does not need to rely on a large amount of water sources is suitable for the wind power enrichment areas in the north of China, so the technology is a key technology for solving the inherent instability defect of wind power in China at present.
The traditional compressed air energy storage technology is an energy storage technology based on a gas turbine technology, surplus electric energy in a power consumption valley stage is stored in an air storage device in a high-pressure air mode, high-pressure air and fuel enter a combustion chamber to be mixed and combusted in a power consumption peak stage, generated high-temperature flue gas enters a turbine to do work and drives a generator to output stable electric energy, and the technology does not recycle a large amount of compression heat generated in a compression process, so that serious energy waste is caused. With the rapid development of heat storage technology, an advanced adiabatic compressed air energy storage system which stores compressed heat generated in a compression process and uses the part of heat for increasing the temperature of air at an inlet of a turbine in an energy release process is widely concerned, although the technology can achieve the aim of efficient energy utilization, the technology not only greatly increases the design and manufacturing difficulty of heat exchange/heat storage equipment in the system and further increases the manufacturing and maintenance cost of the system, but also from the thermodynamic perspective, because heat exchange temperature difference inevitably exists in the heat exchange process, the grade of heat energy is continuously reduced in the working process of the technology.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a heat-storage-free adiabatic compressed air energy storage method and system for solving the problem of large amount of heat exchange/heat storage in the heat exchange/heat storage process by using all the compression heat generated in the energy storage process to drive the heat absorption type thermochemical reaction
The problems of loss and energy grade reduction are solved, the problem of inevitable heat storage and dissipation in the working process of the existing compressed air energy storage technology is solved, and the energy utilization rate of the technology is improved.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a heat-storage-free adiabatic compressed air energy storage system comprises a compressed air energy storage subsystem, a compressed heat absorption subsystem and a compressed air energy release subsystem, wherein the compressed air energy storage subsystem and the compressed heat absorption subsystem are respectively connected with the compressed air energy release subsystem; the compressed air energy storage subsystem converts the atmospheric air in the environment into high-pressure air by a compressor by utilizing renewable energy or surplus electric energy; the compression heat absorption subsystem pyrolyzes the liquid fuel into synthesis gas by utilizing compression heat generated in the compression process and stores the synthesis gas in a synthesis gas storage tank; the compressed air energy release subsystem mixes and burns high-pressure air and synthesis gas in a combustion chamber, and the generated high-temperature and high-pressure flue gas is used for driving a turbine unit to do work and outputting electric energy.
Specifically, the compressed air energy storage subsystem comprises a compressor unit, an inlet of the compressor unit is connected with a motor unit, an outlet of the compressor unit is connected with an inlet of the reactor, an air outlet of the reactor is connected with a high-pressure air storage device and is connected with the combustion chamber through the high-pressure air storage device, and a throttle valve is arranged between the pressure air storage device and the combustion chamber.
Specifically, the compression heat absorption subsystem comprises a fuel storage tank, an outlet of the fuel storage tank is connected with an inlet of a fuel pump, an outlet of the fuel pump is connected with an inlet of a reactor, an outlet of the reactor is connected with an inlet of a synthesis gas storage tank, and the synthesis gas storage tank and the fuel storage tank are respectively connected with a gas fuel inlet and a liquid fuel inlet of the combustion chamber.
Furthermore, a regulating valve is arranged between the fuel storage tank and the fuel pump, a first regulating valve is arranged between the synthesis gas storage tank and the combustion chamber, a second regulating valve is arranged between the fuel storage tank and the combustion chamber, and the liquid fuel is renewable energy.
Specifically, a flue gas outlet of the combustion chamber is connected with an inlet of a turbine unit, an outlet of the turbine unit is communicated with the environment, and the turbine unit generates electric energy to drive a generator set.
Specifically, a sleeve device is arranged at an inlet of the combustion chamber and is communicated with a combustion part arranged in the combustion chamber, and high-pressure air, liquid fuel and gas fuel flow through nozzles of the sleeve device and are sprayed into the combustion part to be mixed with the high-pressure air chamber in a C-shaped bent area.
Furthermore, the sleeve device is a three-layer sleeve which sequentially comprises a liquid fuel ring pipe, a gas fuel ring pipe and a high-pressure air ring pipe from inside to outside.
Furthermore, the nozzle shapes of the gas fuel ring pipe and the liquid fuel ring pipe are both tapered pipes, after high-pressure air is quickly sprayed into the combustion part, a negative pressure area is formed in the central area, and the high-pressure air is converged towards the central area; the working medium in the gas fuel ring pipe and the liquid fuel ring pipe enters the combustion part and is fully mixed with the high-pressure air in the air gathering area, so that the air and the fuel are fully mixed, and when the high-pressure air and the fuel leave the nozzle, the gas fuel, the high-pressure air and the liquid fuel are fully mixed in the central negative pressure area, so that a full combustion process is realized.
Furthermore, the outer layer of the combustion part is provided with a heat preservation cavity.
The invention has the other technical scheme that the heat-storage-free adiabatic compressed air energy storage method comprises a compressed air energy storage subsystem, a compressed heat absorption subsystem and a compressed air energy release subsystem, wherein the compressed air energy storage subsystem comprises a compressor unit, the inlet of the compressor unit is connected with a motor unit, the outlet of the compressor unit is connected with the inlet of a reactor, the air outlet of the reactor is connected with a high-pressure air storage device and is connected with a combustion chamber through the high-pressure air storage device, and a throttle valve is arranged between the high-pressure air storage device and the combustion chamber;
the compression heat absorption subsystem comprises a fuel storage tank, an outlet of the fuel storage tank is connected with an inlet of a fuel pump through a regulating valve, an outlet of the fuel pump is connected with an inlet of a reactor, an outlet of the reactor is connected with an inlet of a synthetic gas storage tank, the synthetic gas storage tank and the fuel storage tank are respectively connected with a gas fuel inlet and a liquid fuel inlet of a combustion chamber, a first regulating valve is arranged between the synthetic gas storage tank and the combustion chamber, and a second regulating valve is arranged between the fuel storage tank and the combustion chamber;
the compressed air energy release subsystem comprises a combustion chamber, a flue gas outlet of the combustion chamber is connected with an inlet of a turbine unit, an outlet of the turbine unit is communicated with the environment, and the turbine unit generates electric energy to drive a generator set;
during the electricity consumption valley period, renewable energy or surplus electric energy is input into an electric motor set and a fuel pump, the electric motor set drives a compressor set to compress air in the environment to a high-pressure state, the fuel pump pumps liquid fuel in a fuel storage tank into a reactor, the compression heat generated by the compressor set in the working process takes high-pressure air as a carrier, the compression heat is used as a heat source for cracking the liquid fuel, the high-pressure air is introduced into the reactor to enable the liquid fuel to generate heat absorption type thermochemical reaction in the reactor so as to be cracked into synthetic gas, then the synthetic gas is introduced into a synthetic gas storage tank to be stored, all compression heat generated by the working of the compressor is converted into chemical energy, the high-pressure air drives liquid in the reactor to generate heat absorption type cracking reaction, the temperature is reduced, and the high-pressure air with the reduced temperature is introduced into a high-pressure air storage device;
during the peak period of power utilization, firstly, high-pressure air stored in a high-pressure air storage device is throttled and depressurized through a throttle valve, the high-pressure air with the reduced pressure enters a combustion chamber, is mixed with synthesis gas from a synthesis gas storage tank and is combusted to generate high-temperature and high-pressure flue gas, then the flue gas is introduced into a turbine set to do work, a generator set connected with the turbine set is driven to work, and stable electric energy is output outwards;
when the electric load of a user is high, the storage capacity of the synthetic gas in the synthetic gas storage tank cannot be matched with the flow rate of the high-pressure air, the liquid fuel in the fuel storage tank is introduced into the combustion chamber, the liquid fuel and the high-pressure air are mixed and combusted in the combustion chamber, and the generated smoke is introduced into the turbine unit to do work.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has at least the following beneficial effects:
the invention relates to a heat-storage-free adiabatic compressed air energy storage system, which firstly puts forward a design idea for converting the compression heat in the compressed air energy storage system into the chemical energy of high-grade fuel, namely, the compression heat generated by a compressor set in the energy storage process is used for driving the endothermic pyrolysis reaction of the fuel, and the synthesis gas fuel generated in the thermochemical process is mixed and combusted with the stored high-pressure air in the energy release process, so that the irreversible loss caused by the heat transfer temperature difference in the heat exchange/heat storage process of the conventional compressed air energy storage technology is avoided, and the design idea with industrial application prospect is provided for the high-efficiency operation of the compressed air energy storage system.
Furthermore, in the compressed air energy storage subsystem, the electric energy for driving the compressor to work is derived from renewable energy sources such as surplus electric energy or wind energy with instability characteristics, and the subsystem realizes the energy conversion process of converting the surplus electric energy or the renewable energy with instability characteristics into stable pressure potential energy and compression heat energy.
Furthermore, the compression heat generated in the energy storage process takes high-pressure air as a carrier, so that the high-pressure high-temperature air is taken as a driving heat source of the reactor, the fuel from the fuel storage tank generates endothermic pyrolysis reaction in the reactor, the generated synthetic gas fuel is introduced into the synthetic gas storage tank for storage, and the synthetic gas fuel is introduced into the combustion chamber in the energy release process and is mixed and combusted with the high-pressure air, so that the work-doing capacity of the turbine unit is improved. The compression heat absorption subsystem not only realizes the conversion process from heat energy to chemical energy, but also improves the energy grade of the compression heat generated in the energy storage process.
Furthermore, by supplementing liquid fuel into the combustion chamber, the system can be ensured to maintain stable electric energy output under different electric energy loads, and particularly compared with an adiabatic compressed air energy storage system with a certain heat storage capacity, the system can flexibly meet the electric energy load requirement of a user side.
Further, through the bushing type entry structure that sets up the combustion chamber, can guarantee that high-pressure air, synthetic gas fuel and liquid fuel can let in the combustion chamber simultaneously, and then guarantee the intensive mixing of high-pressure air and liquid/gaseous fuel.
Furthermore, air flows in the outmost ring pipe of the three-layer sleeve inlet device of the combustion chamber, and the air has higher pressure, so that after the high-pressure air enters the combustion part, the air can be fully mixed with gas fuel in the middle-layer gas fuel ring pipe and liquid fuel in the innermost-layer liquid fuel ring pipe of the sleeve inlet device of the combustion chamber, and further the combustion efficiency of the combustion chamber is improved.
Furthermore, the outlet of the combustion chamber sleeve device is set to be a tapered pipe type, so that the flow velocity of high-pressure air, synthetic gas fuel and liquid fuel entering the combustion part can be accelerated, a negative pressure zone is formed in the central area of the combustion part, and therefore the high-pressure air flows to the central area of the combustion part, and the air and the liquid/gas fuel are fully and uniformly mixed.
Furthermore, through setting up the heat preservation to combustion portion, can reduce the heat dissipation of high temperature flue gas to the heat that produces with the burning is used for heating turbine unit's entry air, promotes turbine unit's output work volume.
The invention relates to a heat-accumulation-free adiabatic compressed air energy storage method, which stores high-pressure air generated in the energy storage process in a high-pressure air storage device, and the compression heat generated in the compression process is used for driving the endothermic thermochemical reaction of liquid fuel to generate synthesis gas fuel; in the energy release process, high-pressure air and synthetic gas fuel are mixed and combusted, so that the temperature of flue gas entering a turbine unit is increased, and finally the output power of the system is increased.
In conclusion, the invention not only can realize the function of the compressed air energy storage system, but also can improve the energy grade of the compression heat and the energy utilization rate of the system in the energy storage process.
The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail by the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an overall structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a view of the structure of the combustion chamber of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a structural view of the sleeve device of the present invention.
Wherein: 1. a compressor unit; 2. a fuel storage tank; 3. a fuel pump; 4. a reactor; 5. a high pressure gas storage device; 6. a syngas storage tank; 7. a combustion chamber; 8. a turbine unit; 9. a motor unit; 10. a generator set; 11. a one-way valve; 12. a throttle valve; 13. a first regulating valve; 14. a second regulating valve; 15. a bushing device; 16. a combustion section; 17. a heat preservation cavity; 18. a high pressure air loop; 19. a gas combustion collar; 20. a liquid fuel loop.
Detailed Description
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "one side", "one end", "one side", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
The invention provides a heat-storage-free adiabatic compressed air energy storage system, which can store all compression heat in an energy storage process in a chemical energy form, and utilizes the stored chemical energy to be mixed and combusted with high-pressure air in an energy release process so as to improve the output work amount of the system. In the electricity consumption valley stage, renewable energy sources such as surplus electric energy or wind energy are used for driving a compressor unit to generate high-pressure air, the generated compression heat is used for pyrolyzing liquid fuel to generate synthesis gas, and the high-pressure air with the temperature reduced is stored in a high-pressure air storage device; during the peak of power consumption, high-pressure air in the high-pressure air storage device is throttled and depressurized by the throttle valve, then is mixed with the synthesis gas from the synthesis gas storage tank and is combusted, and the generated high-temperature high-pressure flue gas enters the turbine unit to do work and drives the generator unit to generate power. The invention uses the compression heat generated in the compression process as the heat source of the liquid fuel cracking reaction, and mixes and burns the synthesis gas obtained by the thermochemical reaction with the air in the energy release process, thereby increasing the temperature of the gas entering the turbine unit, improving the energy grade of the compression heat in the energy storage process and improving the energy efficiency of the system.
Referring to fig. 1, the adiabatic compressed air energy storage system without heat storage according to the present invention includes a compressed air energy storage subsystem, a compressed heat absorption subsystem and a compressed air energy release subsystem, wherein the compressed air energy storage subsystem converts ambient normal pressure air into high pressure air through a compressor by using renewable energy or surplus electric energy; the compression heat absorption subsystem pyrolyzes the liquid fuel into synthesis gas by utilizing compression heat generated in the compression process and stores the synthesis gas in a synthesis gas storage tank 6; the compressed air energy release subsystem mixes and burns high-pressure air and synthesis gas in the combustion chamber 7, and drives the turbine unit 8 to do work and output electric energy by using the generated high-temperature and high-pressure flue gas.
The compressed air energy storage subsystem comprises a compressor unit 1, a reactor 4, a high-pressure air storage device 5 and a motor unit 9, wherein the motor unit 9 is connected with the compressor unit 1, an outlet of the compressor unit 1 is connected with an inlet of the reactor 4, an air outlet of the reactor 4 is connected with the high-pressure air storage device 5, and the compressed air energy storage subsystem is connected with a combustion chamber 7 of the compressed air energy release subsystem through the high-pressure air storage device 5.
The liquid fuel in which the endothermic cracking reaction occurs during energy storage includes, but is not limited to, renewable energy sources such as methanol, ethanol, or dimethyl ether. The renewable clean fuel with high conversion efficiency is selected as a reactant of thermochemical reaction, taking methanol as an example, when the reaction temperature is 200 ℃, the conversion efficiency of the methanol is 99%, so that the compression heat can be converted into the chemical energy of the fuel with extremely high efficiency, and therefore, from the thermodynamic perspective, not only is the efficient recovery and reutilization of the compression heat and the conversion of the energy form realized, but also the energy grade of the compression heat is improved.
The compression heat absorption subsystem comprises a fuel storage tank 2, a fuel pump 3 and a synthesis gas storage tank 6, wherein an outlet of the fuel storage tank 2 is connected with an inlet of the fuel pump 3 through a regulating valve 11, an outlet of the fuel pump 3 is connected with an inlet of a reactor 4 to enable fuel to enter the reactor 4, an outlet of the reactor 4 is connected with an inlet of the synthesis gas storage tank 6, an outlet of the synthesis gas storage tank 6 is connected with a combustion chamber 7 of the compressed air energy release subsystem through a first regulating valve 13, and the fuel storage tank 2 is connected with the combustion chamber 7 of the compressed air energy release subsystem through a second regulating valve 14.
The compressed air energy release subsystem comprises a combustion chamber 7 and a turbine 8, a flue gas outlet of the combustion chamber 7 is connected with an inlet of the turbine unit 8, an outlet of the turbine 8 is communicated with the environment, and a generator set 10 is driven by the turbine unit 8 to generate electric energy; the outlet of the high-pressure air storage device 5 is connected with the air inlet of the combustion chamber 7 through a throttle valve 12; the syngas storage tank 6 and the fuel storage tank 2 are connected to a gaseous fuel inlet and a liquid fuel inlet, respectively, of the combustor 7.
The compressed air energy release subsystem mixes and combusts high pressure air with stored or supplemental fuel in the combustion chamber 7 during the energy release process to ensure that high temperature and high pressure gas enters the turbine 8.
Referring to fig. 2, a sleeve device 15 is arranged at an inlet of the combustion chamber 7, the sleeve device 15 is communicated with a combustion part 16 arranged in the combustion chamber 7, and high-pressure air/liquid fuel/gas fuel flows through a nozzle of the sleeve device 15 and is sprayed into the combustion part 16 to be mixed with a high-pressure air chamber in a C-shaped bent area, so that not only can the liquid/gas fuel and the high-pressure air be fully mixed, but also the flow velocity of air flow at the bent pipe of the combustion part 16 can be reduced, and the fuel can be effectively ensured to be fully combusted in the combustion part 16; the outer layer of combustion portion 16 is provided with heat preservation chamber 17, packs thermal insulation material in heat preservation chamber 17 to reduce the heat exchange between combustion chamber 7 and the atmospheric environment, reduce system energy loss.
Referring to fig. 3, the casing assembly 15 is a multi-layer casing, which comprises, from inside to outside, a liquid fuel ring pipe 20, a high pressure air ring pipe 18, and a gas fuel ring pipe 19, wherein fuel and air are delivered into the combustion chamber 7 through the casing assembly 15, and the gas fuel ring pipe 19 and the nozzle of the liquid pipe 20 are both of a convergent pipe type. In the three-layer sleeve device 15, because the air pressure conveyed in the high-pressure air ring pipe 18 is higher, after the high-pressure air is quickly sprayed into the combustion part 16, a negative pressure area is formed in the central area, and the high-pressure air is converged towards the central area; the working medium from the gas fuel ring pipe 19/liquid fuel ring pipe 20 enters the combustion part 16 and is fully mixed with high-pressure air in an air convergence area, and the sleeve pipe device is favorable for realizing the full mixing of the air and the fuel; in addition, when the combustion chamber 7 is simultaneously fed with liquid fuel and gaseous fuel, the pressure of the gaseous fuel and the air pressure on the outer side are sequentially increased, and when the high-pressure air and the fuel leave the nozzle, the gaseous fuel, the high-pressure air and the liquid fuel are fully mixed in the central negative pressure area, so that a full combustion process is realized.
The combustion chamber 7 may use liquid fuel or gas fuel alone as reaction fuel, or may use liquid fuel and gas fuel as reaction fuel at the same time; the gas fuel in the combustion chamber 7 includes, but is not limited to, gas fuel such as synthesis gas generated by a reactor, and gaseous fossil fuel such as natural gas may be introduced.
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. The components of the embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations. Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, the present invention relates to a heat-storage-free adiabatic compressed air energy storage method, which comprises the following steps:
in the off-peak period of the electricity consumption, renewable energy sources such as wind energy or surplus electric energy are used for inputting into the motor unit 9 and the fuel pump 3, wherein, the electric motor unit 9 drives the compressor unit 1 to compress the air in the environment to a high pressure state, the fuel pump 3 pumps the liquid fuel in the fuel storage tank 2 into the reactor 4, the compression heat generated by the compressor unit 1 in the working process takes the high pressure air as a carrier, the compression heat is taken as a heat source for cracking the liquid fuel, high-pressure air is introduced into the reactor 4, so that the liquid fuel is subjected to endothermic thermochemical reaction in the reactor 4 to be cracked into synthesis gas, then the synthesis gas is introduced into a synthesis gas storage tank 6 to be stored, therefore, all compression heat generated by the work of the compressor is converted into chemical energy, the temperature of the high-pressure air is reduced after the heat absorption type cracking reaction of the driving liquid in the reactor 4, and the high-pressure air with the reduced temperature is introduced into the high-pressure air storage device 5 to be stored.
During the peak period of power consumption, the high-pressure air stored in the high-pressure air storage device 5 is throttled and depressurized through the throttle valve 12, the purpose of the process is to ensure that the high-pressure air entering the turbine unit 8 maintains constant pressure, the high-pressure air with the reduced pressure enters the combustion chamber 7, is mixed with the synthesis gas from the synthesis gas storage tank 6 and is combusted to generate high-temperature and high-pressure flue gas, and then the flue gas is introduced into the turbine unit 8 to do work and drives the generator set 10 connected with the turbine unit 8 to work, so that stable electric energy is output to the outside.
When the electric load of a user is high, and the storage capacity of the synthesis gas in the synthesis gas storage tank 6 cannot be matched with the flow rate of the high-pressure air, the liquid fuel in the fuel storage tank 2 can be directly introduced into the combustion chamber 7, the liquid fuel and the high-pressure air are mixed and combusted in the combustion chamber 7, and the generated smoke is introduced into the turbine unit 8 to do work, so that the stable output electric energy of the system is ensured, and the load requirement of the user is met.
In conclusion, the liquid fuel provided by the invention is methanol, ethanol or dimethyl ether and the like which can be used as carriers of renewable energy sources such as biomass energy, wind energy and the like, not only can the close butt joint with the renewable energy sources be realized, but also the heat-accumulation-free adiabatic compressed air energy storage system provided by the invention can be constructed into an environment-friendly energy utilization system with near zero emission of carbon dioxide.
The above-mentioned contents are only for illustrating the technical idea of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby, and any modification made on the basis of the technical idea of the present invention falls within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A heat-storage-free adiabatic compressed air energy storage system is characterized by comprising a compressed air energy storage subsystem, a compressed heat absorption subsystem and a compressed air energy release subsystem, wherein the compressed air energy storage subsystem and the compressed heat absorption subsystem are respectively connected with the compressed air energy release subsystem; the compressed air energy storage subsystem converts the atmospheric air in the environment into high-pressure air by a compressor by utilizing renewable energy or surplus electric energy; the compression heat absorption subsystem pyrolyzes the liquid fuel into synthesis gas by utilizing compression heat generated in the compression process and stores the synthesis gas in a synthesis gas storage tank (6); the compressed air energy release subsystem mixes and burns high-pressure air and synthesis gas in a combustion chamber (7), and the generated high-temperature and high-pressure flue gas is used for driving a turbine unit (8) to do work and outputting electric energy.
2. The adiabatic compressed air energy storage system without heat accumulation according to claim 1, wherein the compressed air energy storage subsystem comprises a compressor unit (1), an inlet of the compressor unit (1) is connected with a motor unit (9), an outlet of the compressor unit (1) is connected with an inlet of the reactor (4), an air outlet of the reactor (4) is connected with a high-pressure air storage device (5) and is connected with the combustion chamber (7) through the high-pressure air storage device (5), and a throttle valve (12) is arranged between the high-pressure air storage device (5) and the combustion chamber (7).
3. The adiabatic compressed air energy storage system without heat accumulation according to claim 1, wherein the compression heat absorption subsystem comprises a fuel storage tank (2), an outlet of the fuel storage tank (2) is connected with an inlet of a fuel pump (3), an outlet of the fuel pump (3) is connected with an inlet of the reactor (4), an outlet of the reactor (4) is connected with an inlet of a syngas storage tank (6), and the syngas storage tank (6) and the fuel storage tank (2) are connected with a gas fuel inlet and a liquid fuel inlet of the combustion chamber (7), respectively.
4. Adiabatic compressed air energy storage system without heat accumulation according to claim 3, characterized in that a regulating valve (11) is arranged between the fuel storage tank (2) and the fuel pump (3), a first regulating valve (13) is arranged between the syngas storage tank (6) and the combustion chamber (7), a second regulating valve (14) is arranged between the fuel storage tank (2) and the combustion chamber (7), and the liquid fuel is a renewable energy source.
5. Adiabatic compressed air energy storage system without heat accumulation according to claim 1, characterized in that the flue gas outlet of the combustion chamber (7) is connected to the inlet of the turbine unit (8), the outlet of the turbine unit (8) is connected to the environment, and the turbine unit (8) generates electric energy to drive the generator set (10).
6. Adiabatic compressed air energy storage system without heat accumulation according to claim 1, characterized in that a sleeve device (15) is provided at the inlet of the combustion chamber (7), the sleeve device (15) communicating with a combustion section (16) provided inside the combustion chamber (7), and high-pressure air, liquid fuel and gaseous fuel are injected into the combustion section (16) to be mixed with the high-pressure air chamber in the region of the C-bend through nozzles of the sleeve device (15).
7. Adiabatic compressed air energy storage system without heat accumulation according to claim 6, characterized in that the sleeve arrangement (15) is a three-layer sleeve comprising, in order from the inside to the outside, a liquid fuel ring tube (20), a gas fuel ring tube (19) and a high-pressure air ring tube (18).
8. The adiabatic compressed air energy storage system without heat accumulation according to claim 7, wherein the nozzle shapes of the gas fuel ring pipe (19) and the liquid fuel ring pipe (20) are both tapered pipes, and after the high-pressure air is rapidly injected into the combustion part (16), a negative pressure area is formed in the central area, and the high-pressure air converges toward the central area; working media in the gas fuel ring pipe (19) and the liquid fuel ring pipe (20) enter the combustion part (16) and are fully mixed with high-pressure air in an air convergence area to realize the full mixing of the air and the fuel, and when the high-pressure air and the fuel leave a nozzle, the gas fuel, the high-pressure air and the liquid fuel are fully mixed in a central negative pressure area to further realize the full combustion process.
9. Adiabatic compressed air energy storage system without heat accumulation according to claim 6, characterized in that the outer layer of the combustion section (16) is provided with a holding chamber (17).
10. A heat-storage-free adiabatic compressed air energy storage method is characterized by comprising a compressed air energy storage subsystem, a compressed heat absorption subsystem and a compressed air energy release subsystem, wherein the compressed air energy storage subsystem comprises a compressor unit (1), an inlet of the compressor unit (1) is connected with a motor unit (9), an outlet of the compressor unit (1) is connected with an inlet of a reactor (4), an air outlet of the reactor (4) is connected with a high-pressure air storage device (5) and is connected with a combustion chamber (7) through the high-pressure air storage device (5), and a throttle valve (12) is arranged between the pressure air storage device (5) and the combustion chamber (7);
the compression heat absorption subsystem comprises a fuel storage tank (2), an outlet of the fuel storage tank (2) is connected with an inlet of a fuel pump (3) through a regulating valve (11), an outlet of the fuel pump (3) is connected with an inlet of a reactor (4), an outlet of the reactor (4) is connected with an inlet of a synthetic gas storage tank (6), the synthetic gas storage tank (6) and the fuel storage tank (2) are respectively connected with a gas fuel inlet and a liquid fuel inlet of a combustion chamber (7), a first regulating valve (13) is arranged between the synthetic gas storage tank (6) and the combustion chamber (7), and a second regulating valve (14) is arranged between the fuel storage tank (2) and the combustion chamber (7);
the compressed air energy release subsystem comprises a combustion chamber (7), a flue gas outlet of the combustion chamber (7) is connected with an inlet of a turbine unit (8), an outlet of the turbine unit (8) is communicated with the environment, and the turbine unit (8) generates electric energy to drive a generator set (10);
during the electricity consumption valley period, renewable energy or surplus electric energy is input into the motor unit (9) and the fuel pump (3), the motor unit (9) drives the compressor unit (1) to compress the air in the environment to a high-pressure state, the fuel pump (3) pumps the liquid fuel in the fuel storage tank (2) into the reactor (4), the compression heat generated by the compressor unit (1) in the working process takes high-pressure air as a carrier, the compression heat is used as a heat source for cracking the liquid fuel, the high-pressure air is introduced into the reactor (4) to enable the liquid fuel to generate endothermic thermochemical reaction in the reactor (4) to be cracked into synthetic gas, then the synthetic gas is introduced into the synthetic gas storage tank (6) to be stored, the purpose of converting all the compression heat generated by the compressor into chemical energy is achieved, the high-pressure air drives the liquid in the reactor (4) to generate endothermic cracking reaction, and then the temperature is reduced, introducing the high-pressure air with the reduced temperature into a high-pressure air storage device (5) for storage;
during the electricity consumption peak period, firstly, high-pressure air stored in a high-pressure air storage device (5) is throttled and depressurized through a throttling valve (12), the high-pressure air with the reduced pressure enters a combustion chamber (7), is mixed with synthesis gas from a synthesis gas storage tank (6) and is combusted to generate high-temperature and high-pressure flue gas, then the flue gas is introduced into a turbine unit (8) to do work, and drives a generator set (10) connected with the turbine unit (8) to work, so that stable electric energy is output outwards;
when the electric load of a user is high, the storage capacity of the synthetic gas in the synthetic gas storage tank (6) cannot be matched with the flow of the high-pressure air, the liquid fuel in the fuel storage tank (2) is introduced into the combustion chamber (7), the liquid fuel and the high-pressure air are mixed and combusted in the combustion chamber (7), and the generated flue gas is introduced into the turbine unit (8) to do work.
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| US5955039A (en) * | 1996-12-19 | 1999-09-21 | Siemens Westinghouse Power Corporation | Coal gasification and hydrogen production system and method |
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| GB1442632A (en) * | 1973-02-12 | 1976-07-14 | Acres Consulting Services | Power generating plant |
| US5955039A (en) * | 1996-12-19 | 1999-09-21 | Siemens Westinghouse Power Corporation | Coal gasification and hydrogen production system and method |
| US6430915B1 (en) * | 2000-08-31 | 2002-08-13 | Siemens Westinghouse Power Corporation | Flow balanced gas turbine power plant |
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