CN104425831A - Electricity generation method and system thereof - Google Patents
Electricity generation method and system thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN104425831A CN104425831A CN201310360662.5A CN201310360662A CN104425831A CN 104425831 A CN104425831 A CN 104425831A CN 201310360662 A CN201310360662 A CN 201310360662A CN 104425831 A CN104425831 A CN 104425831A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/06—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
- H01M8/0606—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/0612—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants from carbon-containing material
- H01M8/0618—Reforming processes, e.g. autothermal, partial oxidation or steam reforming
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Abstract
The present invention discloses an electricity generation method for an electricity generation system comprising a solar energy collection unit, a methanol storage unit, a water supply unit, a hydrogen production unit and a fuel cell. The electricity generation method comprises: collecting solar energy to obtain the initial heat; adopting the obtained initial heat to provide the initial temperature condition required by hydrogen production for each component requiring temperature control in the hydrogen production unit; conveying methanol and water into the hydrogen production unit, and carrying out catalytic reforming to produce hydrogen; and inputting part of or all of the produced hydrogen into the fuel cell so as to obtain the electric energy. According to the present invention, with the method, the methanol and steam reforming is adopted to prepare hydrogen, the initial temperature condition required by hydrogen production is provided by the solar energy, and the obtained hydrogen performs the electricity generation directly through the fuel cell, such that the hydrogen storage and the long-distance transportation are not required, the pollution on the external environment is close to zero, the comprehensive operating cost is low, the safety is high, and the practicality is provided. The present invention further discloses the electricity generation system achieving the electricity generation method.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of new energy power generation, particularly a kind of solar energy that utilizes provides heat to obtain the electricity-generating method that hydrogen carries out generating electricity and the electricity generation system realizing this electricity-generating method by methyl alcohol and water catalytic reforming.
Background technology
At present, based on the sustainable development of economy and society, people are exploring generation of electricity by new energy technology, and existing generation of electricity by new energy technology mainly comprises solar power generation, wind power generation, biomass power generation, geothermal power generation, tidal power generation and fuel cell technology for power generation.
Wherein, utilize solar power generation to mainly contain two large types, a class is solar energy generating, and another kind of is solar energy thermal-power-generating.Solar energy generating is a kind of generation mode solar energy being directly transformed into electric energy, this forms of electricity generation adopts photovoltaic cell to carry out opto-electronic conversion usually, because photovoltaic cell cost is high, light low conversion rate and floor space is large etc. that this forms of electricity generation of reason fails to be popularized always.Solar energy thermal-power-generating first converts solar energy into heat energy, then thermal energy is become electric energy, comparatively commonly generated electricity by steam turbine drive electrical generators by solar energy, and this forms of electricity generation exists the low problem of energy transformation ratio equally.
In new forms of energy, Hydrogen Energy will become the 21 century optimal energy.This is because, hydrogen lightweight, when the coal of fuel identical weight, gasoline and hydrogen, the energy that hydrogen produces is maximum, and the product of its burning is water, does not have lime-ash and waste gas, does not pollute the environment; And coal and oil combustion generate is carbon dioxide and sulfur dioxide, greenhouse effect and acid rain can be produced respectively.In addition, use hydrogen-hydrogen fuel cell Hydrogen Energy directly can also be changed into electric energy, make utilizing of Hydrogen Energy more convenient.At present, this fuel cell is used on spaceship and submarine, but due to cost higher, for the moment be also difficult to generally use.
In view of the above-mentioned characteristic of Hydrogen Energy, how people makes hydrogen gas generation obtain universal utilization if having started to explore.Because hydrogen easily gasifies, catches fire and explodes, the storage and the transportation problem that how to solve Hydrogen Energy become the key developing Hydrogen Energy.
Above-mentioned generation of electricity by new energy technology cannot obtain universal utilization based on reasons such as Financial cost, fail safe or practicality.
Therefore, how to provide that a kind of integrated operation cost is low, fail safe is high and there is the generation of electricity by new energy method of practicality and system is the current technical issues that need to address of those skilled in the art.
Summary of the invention
The first object of the present invention aims to provide a kind of electricity-generating method, and the comprehensive utilization of this electricity-generating method comprises the new forms of energy of solar energy, Hydrogen Energy and fuel cell, to external environment condition close to no pollution, integrated operation cost is low, fail safe is high and have practicality.The second object of the present invention aims to provide a kind of electricity generation system realizing above-mentioned electricity-generating method, and similarly, this electricity generation system has identical technique effect with above-mentioned electricity-generating method.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the invention provides a kind of electricity-generating method, for comprising the electricity generation system of solar energy collection unit, methyl alcohol storage element, water feeding unit, Hydrogen Unit, fuel cell and Comprehensive Control unit, described electricity-generating method comprises the following steps:
Step S1: collect solar energy to obtain initial heat;
Step S2: by the described initial heat obtained for Hydrogen Unit provides temperature conditions needed for hydrogen manufacturing;
Step S3: the water in the methyl alcohol in methyl alcohol storage element and water feeding unit is delivered in Hydrogen Unit and obtains hydrogen by catalytic reforming;
Step S4: obtained part or all of hydrogen is inputed in fuel cell and obtains electric energy.
Preferably, described Hydrogen Unit is connected with heat exchanger, and described step S2 is specially: by the described initial heat obtained for Hydrogen Unit provides the condition of the initial temperature needed for hydrogen manufacturing; Synchronously carry out described step S4 and following steps S3A after described step 3 completes: obtain reactivation heat by described heat exchanger from described Hydrogen Unit, described reactivation heat is delivered to described Hydrogen Unit and jointly provides the condition of the sustaining temperature needed for hydrogen manufacturing by described reactivation heat or the initial heat that provided by described reactivation heat and solar energy collection unit.
Preferably, described step 3A and following steps S3B synchronously carry out: obtain condensed water by described heat exchanger from described Hydrogen Unit, described condensed water is delivered to described water feeding unit.
Preferably, step S5 is increased after described step S4: the water that described fuel cell output produces is transmitted back to described water feeding unit.
Preferably, described Hydrogen Unit comprise connect in turn each other vaporizer, reformer chamber and separation chamber, then described step S3 is divided into following sub-step:
Step S31: the water in the first alcohol and water feeding unit in methyl alcohol storage element is inputted described vaporizer and gasifies, forms methanol vapor and steam;
Step S32: described methanol vapor and steam are inputted described reformer chamber, is undertaken urging reformation by catalyst at a set temperature, obtains the mist comprising hydrogen;
Step S33: the described mist exported from described reformer chamber is inputted described separation chamber, the temperature of described separation chamber, higher than the temperature of described reformer chamber, is provided with palladium membrane separator in described separation chamber, obtain hydrogen from the generation end of described palladium membrane separator.
Preferably, described Hydrogen Unit also comprises preheating temperature regulating device, and described preheating temperature regulating device is arranged between described reformer chamber and described separation chamber, then increase following steps S32A between described step S32 and described step S33:
The described mist exported from described reformer chamber is inputted described preheating temperature regulating device, described preheating temperature regulating device is as the buffering between described reformer chamber and described separation chamber, shorten described reformer chamber export in the temperature of gas and described separation chamber between temperature difference, make from the temperature of described reformer chamber output gas identical with the temperature in described separation chamber or close.
Preferably, described method is applied to portable motor device or distributed small-sized electricity consumption facility.
Present invention also offers a kind of electricity generation system, described electricity generation system comprises solar energy collection unit, methyl alcohol storage element, water feeding unit, Hydrogen Unit, fuel cell and Comprehensive Control unit; Described solar energy collection unit utilizes the initial heat that obtains to provide the temperature conditions needed for hydrogen manufacturing for described Hydrogen Unit; Described methyl alcohol storage element provides the methyl alcohol prepared needed for hydrogen for described Hydrogen Unit; Described water feeding unit provides the water prepared needed for hydrogen for described Hydrogen Unit; The methyl alcohol that described Hydrogen Unit utilizes described methyl alcohol storage element to provide and the water that described water feeding unit provides prepare hydrogen by catalytic reforming; The hydrogen gas generation that described fuel cell is prepared with described Hydrogen Unit; Described Comprehensive Control unit is for controlling described solar energy collection unit, described methyl alcohol storage element, described water feeding unit, described Hydrogen Unit and described fuel cell.
Preferably, heat exchanger and reactivation heat recirculation line is also comprised; Described heat exchanger obtains reactivation heat by described Hydrogen Unit, and one end of described reactivation heat recirculation line is connected with described heat exchanger, the other end is connected with described Hydrogen Unit; Then described solar energy collection unit provides the condition of the initial temperature needed for hydrogen manufacturing for described Hydrogen Unit; Described reactivation heat is delivered to described Hydrogen Unit and jointly provides the condition of the sustaining temperature needed for hydrogen manufacturing by described reactivation heat or the initial heat that provided by described reactivation heat and solar energy collection unit by described reactivation heat recirculation line.
Preferably, also comprise heat exchanger and condensed water recirculation line, described heat exchanger is used for obtaining condensed water by described Hydrogen Unit, one end of described condensed water recirculation line is connected with described heat exchanger, the other end is connected with described water feeding unit, recycles for described condensed water being delivered to described water feeding unit.
Preferably, described fuel cell output is provided with and generates water recirculation line, and described generation water recirculation line is connected with described water feeding unit, recycles for described generation water is delivered to described water feeding unit.
Preferably, described Hydrogen Unit comprise connect successively vaporizer, reformer chamber, preheating temperature regulating device and separation chamber, then described solar energy collection unit is respectively described vaporizer, described reformer chamber, described preheating temperature regulating device and described separation chamber and provides the condition of the initial temperature needed for hydrogen manufacturing; Described reactivation heat is delivered to described vaporizer, described reformer chamber, described preheating temperature regulating device and described separation chamber and jointly provides the condition of the sustaining temperature needed for hydrogen manufacturing by described reactivation heat or the initial heat that provided by described reactivation heat and solar energy collection unit by described reactivation heat recirculation line.
Preferably, described electricity generation system is applied to portable motor device or distributed small-sized electricity consumption facility.
Electricity-generating method provided by the invention, comprehensive utilization comprises solar energy, the new forms of energy of Hydrogen Energy and fuel cell, methyl alcohol and steam reforming is adopted to prepare hydrogen, the temperature conditions prepared needed for hydrogen is provided by the solar energy collected, the hydrogen obtained directly passes through fuel cell power generation, do not need to carry out hydrogen storage and long distance transportation, avoid difficulty and the potential safety hazard of hydrogen storage and long distance transportation existence, by solar energy for hydrogen manufacturing provides initial heat to ensure temperature conditions needed for hydrogen manufacturing, do not need the hydrogen expending preparation to ensure the temperature conditions needed for hydrogen manufacturing, decrease the energy ezpenditure of hydrogen production process, this electricity-generating method is adopted only to need to store methyl alcohol, and methyl alcohol is easy to store, there is no potential safety hazard, water needed for hydrogen manufacturing obtains and stores all very convenient.To sum up, electricity-generating method provided by the invention to external environment condition close to no pollution, integrated operation cost is low, fail safe is high and have practicality.Electricity-generating method provided by the invention is specially adapted to the situation less to electrical energy demands scale, such as portable motor device and distributed small-sized electricity consumption facility.
Present invention also offers a kind of electricity generation system realizing above-mentioned electricity-generating method, correspondingly this electricity generation system has same technique effect with above-mentioned electricity-generating method, does not repeat them here.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schematic flow sheet of a kind of embodiment of electricity-generating method provided by the invention;
Fig. 2 is the schematic flow sheet of the another kind of embodiment of electricity-generating method provided by the invention;
Fig. 3 is the principle schematic of a kind of embodiment of electricity generation system provided by the invention;
Fig. 4 is the principle schematic of the another kind of embodiment of electricity generation system provided by the invention;
Fig. 5 is a kind of principle schematic preferred embodiment of electricity generation system provided by the invention;
Fig. 6 is the principle schematic of electricity generation system another preferred embodiment provided by the invention;
Fig. 7 is the schematic flow sheet of step 3 in a kind of embodiment of electricity-generating method provided by the invention;
Fig. 8 is the schematic flow sheet of step 3 in the another kind of embodiment of electricity-generating method provided by the invention;
In above-mentioned accompanying drawing, Reference numeral to refer to relation as follows:
1-solar energy collection unit, 2-methyl alcohol storage element, 3-water feeding unit, 4-Hydrogen Unit, 41-vaporizer, 42-reformer chamber, 43-separation chamber, 44-preheating temperature regulating device, 5-fuel cell, 6-Comprehensive Control unit, 7-heat exchanger.
Embodiment
First core of the present invention is for providing a kind of electricity-generating method, and the comprehensive utilization of this electricity-generating method comprises the new forms of energy of solar energy, Hydrogen Energy and fuel cell, to external environment condition close to no pollution, integrated operation cost is low, fail safe is high and have practicality.Second core of the present invention is for providing a kind of electricity generation system realizing above-mentioned electricity-generating method, and similarly, this electricity generation system has identical technique effect with above-mentioned electricity-generating method.
In order to make those skilled in the art understand technical scheme of the present invention better, below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is described in further detail.
Please refer to Fig. 1, Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, Fig. 1 is the flow chart of a kind of embodiment of electricity-generating method provided by the invention; Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 is the principle schematic of two kinds of different embodiments of electricity generation system provided by the invention, and Fig. 3 and system shown in Figure 4 are used for realizing electricity-generating method provided by the invention.
As shown in Figure 1, Figure 3 and Figure 4, in a kind of embodiment, the electricity generation system realizing electricity-generating method of the present invention comprises solar energy collection unit 1, methyl alcohol storage element 2, water feeding unit 3, Hydrogen Unit 4, fuel cell 5 and Comprehensive Control unit 6; Solar energy collection unit 1 utilizes the initial heat that obtains to provide temperature conditions needed for hydrogen manufacturing for needing to carry out temperature controlled each parts in Hydrogen Unit 4; Methyl alcohol storage element 2 provides the methyl alcohol prepared needed for hydrogen for Hydrogen Unit 4; Water feeding unit 3 provides the water prepared needed for hydrogen for Hydrogen Unit 4; The water that the first alcohol and water feeding unit 3 that Hydrogen Unit 4 utilizes methyl alcohol storage element 2 to provide provides carries out catalytic reforming by catalyst at a certain temperature and prepares hydrogen; Fuel cell 5 hydrogen gas generation of preparation; Comprehensive Control unit 6 realizes predetermined operation for controlling solar energy collection unit 1, methyl alcohol storage element 2, water feeding unit 3, Hydrogen Unit 4 and fuel cell 5.Comprehensive Control unit 6 all connects with solar energy collection unit 1, methyl alcohol storage element 2, water feeding unit 3, Hydrogen Unit 4, fuel cell 5, and Comprehensive Control unit 6 controls above-mentioned parts by modes such as transmission instructions and realizes following electricity-generating method:
Step S1: collect solar energy to obtain initial heat;
Step S2: by the initial heat obtained for Hydrogen Unit 4 provides temperature conditions needed for hydrogen manufacturing;
Step S3: the water in the methyl alcohol in methyl alcohol storage element 2 and water feeding unit 3 is delivered in Hydrogen Unit 4 and obtains hydrogen by catalytic reforming;
Step S4: obtained part or all of hydrogen is inputed in fuel cell 5 and obtains electric energy.
Electricity-generating method provided by the invention and electricity generation system, comprehensive utilization comprises solar energy, the new forms of energy of Hydrogen Energy and fuel cell 5, methyl alcohol and steam reforming is adopted to prepare hydrogen, the temperature conditions prepared needed for hydrogen is provided by the solar energy collected, the hydrogen obtained directly is generated electricity by fuel cell 5, do not need to carry out hydrogen storage and long distance transportation, avoid difficulty and the potential safety hazard of hydrogen storage and long distance transportation existence, by solar energy for hydrogen manufacturing provides heat to ensure temperature conditions needed for hydrogen manufacturing, do not need the hydrogen expending preparation to ensure the temperature conditions needed for hydrogen manufacturing, decrease the energy ezpenditure of hydrogen production process, this electricity-generating method is adopted only to need to store methyl alcohol, and methyl alcohol is easy to store, there is no potential safety hazard, water needed for hydrogen manufacturing obtains and stores all very convenient.To sum up, electricity-generating method provided by the invention to external environment condition close to no pollution, integrated operation cost is low, fail safe is high and have practicality.
With further reference to Fig. 2, Fig. 5 and Fig. 6, electricity generation system provided by the invention in the preferred embodiment of one, also comprises heat exchanger 7 and reactivation heat recirculation line, and heat exchanger 7 and reactivation heat recirculation line all connect with Comprehensive Control unit 6; Heat exchanger 7 obtains reactivation heat by Hydrogen Unit 4, one end of reactivation heat recirculation line is connected with heat exchanger 7, the other end is connected with Hydrogen Unit 4, the heat produced in such hydrogen production process just can be collected by heat exchanger 7, is recycled by existing heat-dissipating amount recirculation line again defeated time Hydrogen Unit 4.In this case, the solar energy collection unit 1 each parts be only required to be in Hydrogen Unit 4 provide the condition of the initial temperature needed for hydrogen manufacturing; The reactivation heat obtained by heat exchanger 7 is transmitted back to each parts by reactivation heat recirculation line, jointly provides the condition of the sustaining temperature needed for hydrogen manufacturing by reactivation heat or the initial heat that provided by reactivation heat and solar energy collection unit 1.
In the execution mode being provided with heat exchanger and reactivation heat recirculation line, in above-mentioned electricity-generating method, step S2 is specially: provide the condition of the initial temperature needed for hydrogen manufacturing by the initial heat obtained for needing to carry out temperature controlled each parts in Hydrogen Unit 4; Synchronously carry out step S4 and following steps S3A after step 3 completes: obtain reactivation heat by heat exchanger 7 from Hydrogen Unit 4, reactivation heat is delivered to Hydrogen Unit 4 and jointly provides the condition of the sustaining temperature needed for hydrogen manufacturing by described reactivation heat or the initial heat that provided by described reactivation heat and solar energy collection unit 1.
Herein, in same embodiment, temperature conditions in same hydrogen manufacture needed for hydrogen manufacturing is identical, therefore initial temperature condition and sustaining temperature condition are identical temperature conditions, only be to distinguish in this difference: initial temperature condition is provided by solar energy collection unit, and sustaining temperature condition is provided by being obtained reactivation heat by heat exchanger 7 or obtains reactivation heat by heat exchanger 7 and solar energy collection unit 1 provides jointly.
In the preferred embodiment of one, heat exchanger 7 is also connected with condensed water recirculation line, one end of condensed water recirculation line is connected with heat exchanger 7, the other end is connected with water feeding unit 3, heat exchanger 7 obtains condensed water by heat exchange from Hydrogen Unit 4, and condensed water can be delivered to water feeding unit 3 and recycle.
When arranging condensed water recirculation line, in above-mentioned electricity-generating method, described step 3A can synchronously carry out with following steps S3B further: obtain condensed water by heat exchanger 7 from Hydrogen Unit 4, condensed water is delivered to water feeding unit 3 and recycles.
Heat exchanger 7 can be connected with reactivation heat recirculation line and condensed water recirculation line to recycle the reactivation heat obtained by heat exchanger 7 and condensed water simultaneously simultaneously, the one in both also can only utilizing as required.The program circuit of needs can be set by Comprehensive Control unit 6 according to different needs.Comprehensive Control unit 6 is parts that in electricity generation system of the present invention, each parts carry out Comprehensive Control, each parts in present system carry out work all directly or indirectly under the control of Comprehensive Control unit 6, those skilled in the art, by setting program and parameter in Comprehensive Control unit 6, select the program and the parameter that are suitable for specific works needs.The program that Comprehensive Control unit 6 sets and parameter, that carries out in this manual is illustrated as exemplary enumerating, but this program and parameter are not limited to this, and within the scope of the principle of the invention, those skilled in the art can set different programs and parameter as required.
In a kind of embodiment, in electricity generation system provided by the invention, fuel cell 5 output is provided with and generates water recirculation line, generates water recirculation line and is connected with water feeding unit 3.The water that fuel cell output is formed is delivered to water feeding unit 3 by generation water recirculation line and can recycles.
Correspondingly, electricity-generating method provided by the invention, can increase step S5 after step S4: the water that fuel cell 5 output produces is transmitted back to described water feeding unit 3.
Fuel cell 5 utilizes the general principle of hydrogen gas generation to be the back reaction of brine electrolysis, and hydrogen and oxygen are supplied negative electrode and anode respectively, and after hydrogen is reacted to outdiffusion and electrolyte by negative electrode, ejected electron arrives anode by outside load.Its essence is hydrogen and oxygen generation redox reaction.There is the transfer that redox reaction then must have electronics, electronics is exported to outside and can obtain electric energy.Fuel (hydrogen) is supplied to negative pole, to positive pole oxygen gas-supplying agent (air) during work.Hydrogen resolves into cation H+ and electronics e-at negative pole.Hydrogen ion enters in electrolyte, electronics then externally circuit shift to positive pole.The load of electricity consumption is connected in external circuit.On positive pole, the oxygen in air absorbs with the hydrogen ion in electrolyte the electronics arrived on positive pole and forms water, and fuel cell 5 just operationally externally can export electric energy continuously.
For Hydrogen Unit 4, as shown in Figure 3 and Figure 5, in a kind of embodiment, in electricity generation system provided by the invention, Hydrogen Unit 4 needs to carry out temperature controlled each parts and comprises vaporizer 41, reformer chamber 42 and separation chamber 43; Vaporizer 41, reformer chamber 42 are connected in turn with separation chamber 43 three; The methyl alcohol inputted from methyl alcohol storage element 2 and water feeding unit 3 and aqueous vapor are changed into methanol vapor and steam by vaporizer 41; Catalyst is provided with, for carrying out catalytic reforming to methanol vapor and steam in reformer chamber 42; The temperature of separation chamber 43, higher than the temperature in reformer chamber 42, is provided with palladium membrane separator in separation chamber 43, export hydrogen from the generation end of palladium membrane separator.
Herein alleged catalytic reforming refers to: methyl alcohol and steam under certain temperature, pressure condition by the effect of catalyst, there is the transformationreation of methanol decomposition reaction and carbon monoxide, generate hydrogen and carbon dioxide, this is the gas solid catalytic reaction system of component more than, many reactions.Reaction equation as follows:
CH
3OH→CO+2H
2（1）
H
2O+CO→CO
2+H
2（2）
CH
3OH+H
2O→CO
2+3H
2（3）
Catalyst in catalytic reforming can be usually: Cu-ZnO-Al
2o
3and/or Cu-ZnO-ZrO.
Temperature conditions in vaporizer 41, reformer chamber 42 and separation chamber 43 can be set by Comprehensive Control unit 6.In a kind of specific embodiment, the temperature in reformer chamber 42 can set (middle high temperature method) in 280 DEG C of-409 DEG C of temperature ranges; In another kind of embodiment, the temperature in reformer chamber 42 can set (low temperature process) in 80 DEG C of-280 DEG C of temperature ranges.In a kind of specific embodiment, the temperature in separation chamber 43 can set in 385 DEG C of-589 DEG C of temperature ranges; Palladium mode splitter in separation chamber 43 is composite palladium mould, such as Metal Palladium and composite palladium (palladium-silver or gold etc.).
For hydrogen production process, in a kind of embodiment, Hydrogen Unit 4 comprise connect in turn each other vaporizer 41, reformer chamber 42 and separation chamber 43, then hydrogen manufacturing step S3 is divided into following sub-step:
Step S31: the water in the first alcohol and water feeding unit 3 in methyl alcohol storage element 2 is inputted described vaporizer 41 and gasifies, forms methanol vapor and steam;
Step S32: by methanol vapor and steam input reformer chamber 42, undertaken urging reformation by catalyst at a set temperature, obtain the mist comprising hydrogen;
Step S33: by the mist input separation chamber 43 exported from reformer chamber 42, the temperature of separation chamber 43, higher than the temperature in reformer chamber 42, is provided with palladium membrane separator in separation chamber 43, obtain hydrogen from the generation end of palladium membrane separator.
In a kind of specific embodiment with above-mentioned setting, in electricity-generating method provided by the invention, step S2 is specially: be respectively vaporizer 41, reformer chamber 42 and separation chamber 43 by the initial heat obtained and provide temperature conditions needed for hydrogen manufacturing.
Correspondingly, please further refer to Fig. 7, in a kind of embodiment, step S3 can be divided into following sub-step:
Step S31: first alcohol and water input vaporizer 41 is gasified, forms methanol vapor and steam;
Step S32: by methanol vapor and steam input reformer chamber 42, be provided with catalyst in reformer chamber 42, the temperature in reformer chamber 42 is 280 DEG C-409 DEG C;
Step S33: by the gas input separation chamber 43 exported from reformer chamber 42, the temperature of separation chamber 43 is higher than the temperature in reformer chamber 42, temperature in separation chamber 43 is set as 400 DEG C-460 DEG C, is provided with palladium membrane separator in separation chamber 43, obtains hydrogen from the generation end of palladium membrane separator.
As shown in Figure 4 and Figure 6, in a preferred embodiment, in the Hydrogen Unit 4 of electricity generation system provided by the invention, between reformer chamber 42 and separation chamber 43, be provided with preheating temperature regulating device 44, then increase following steps S32A between step S32 and step S33 in hydrogen manufacturing program:
By the mist input preheating temperature regulating device 44 exported from reformer chamber 42, preheating temperature regulating device is as the buffering between reformer chamber 42 and separation chamber 43, shorten reformer chamber 42 export in the temperature of gas and separation chamber 43 between temperature difference, make the temperature exporting gas from reformer chamber 42 identical with the temperature in separation chamber 43 or close.
Under arranging preheating temperature regulating device in electricity generation system there is something special, please further refer to Fig. 8, in a kind of specific embodiment, in electricity-generating method provided by the invention, correspondingly step S3 can be divided into following sub-step:
Step S31': first alcohol and water input vaporizer 41 is gasified, forms methanol vapor and steam;
Step S32': by methanol vapor and steam input reformer chamber 42, be provided with catalyst in reformer chamber 42, the temperature in reformer chamber 42 is 280 DEG C-409 DEG C;
Step S33': by the gas input preheating temperature regulating device exported from reformer chamber 42, preheating temperature regulating device is as the buffering between reformer chamber 42 and separation chamber 43, shorten reformer chamber 42 export in the temperature of gas and separation chamber 43 between temperature difference, make the temperature exporting gas from reformer chamber 42 identical with the temperature in separation chamber 43 or close;
Step S34': by the gas input separation chamber 43 exported from preheating temperature regulating device 44, the temperature of separation chamber 43 is higher than the temperature in reformer chamber 42, temperature in separation chamber 43 is set as 400 DEG C-460 DEG C, is provided with palladium membrane separator in separation chamber 43, obtains hydrogen from the generation end of palladium membrane separator.
For solar energy collection unit 1, in a kind of embodiment, solar energy collection unit 1 is provided with solar collecting device and heat energy distributor, and heat energy distributor is used for needing to carry out the temperature conditions that temperature controlled each parts provide setting in Hydrogen Unit 4.Solar energy collection unit 1 can adopt plate-like parabolic concentrator heat collector, also can adopt plate type solar heat collection mode or other modes.
In a kind of embodiment, Hydrogen Unit 4 comprise connect successively vaporizer 41, reformer chamber 42 and separation chamber 43, correspondingly heat energy distributor comprises biomass gasification boiler module, reforming supplies thermal modules and be separated for thermal modules, and biomass gasification boiler module, reformation are respectively for thermal modules the temperature conditions that vaporizer 41, reformer chamber 42 and separation chamber 43 provide setting with being separated for thermal modules.
In a kind of specific embodiment, reforming provides the temperature conditions of 80 DEG C-280 DEG C for thermal modules whole room 42 of attaching most importance to; In another kind of specific embodiment, reforming provides the temperature conditions of 280 DEG C-589 DEG C for thermal modules whole room 42 of attaching most importance to; In another specific embodiment, reforming provides the temperature conditions of 370 DEG C-409 DEG C for thermal modules whole room 42 of attaching most importance to; In a kind of embodiment of preferably selecting, the temperature of reformer chamber is 370 DEG C.
In a kind of embodiment, be separated for thermal modules as separation chamber provides the temperature conditions of 280 DEG C-589 DEG C; In a kind of embodiment, be separated for thermal modules as separation chamber provides the temperature conditions of 410 DEG C-430 DEG C; In a kind of embodiment of preferably selecting, the temperature in separation chamber is 410 DEG C.
In another kind of specific embodiment, Hydrogen Unit 4 comprise connect successively vaporizer 41, reformer chamber 42, preheating temperature regulating device 44 and separation chamber 43, correspondingly heat energy distributor comprises biomass gasification boiler module, reforms for thermal modules, preheating temperature control module and be separated for thermal modules, and biomass gasification boiler module, reformation supply thermal modules, preheating temperature control module and be separated to be respectively for thermal modules the temperature conditions that vaporizer 41, reformer chamber 42, preheating temperature regulating device 44 and separation chamber 43 provide setting.
Comprehensive Control unit 6 carries out Comprehensive Control for electricity generation system provided by the invention, and by setting program, the modes such as issuing command (such as design temperature condition), control whole electricity generation system and realize predetermined function.In a kind of embodiment, Comprehensive Control unit 6 is computer.
Electricity-generating method provided by the invention and electricity generation system are particularly useful for the situation fewer to electrical energy demands scale, such as portable motor device (such as automobile, plant equipment etc.), or distributed (non-concentrated) small-sized electricity consumption facility.
Be applied in automobile embodiment, above-mentioned electricity-generating method provided by the invention and electricity generation system all or part of replacement gasoline or diesel oil can provide required electric energy for automobile, compared to the pollutant such as motor vehicle emission carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons utilizing gasoline or diesel oil, the emission adopting first alcohol and water preparing hydrogen, generating power to produce is water and oxygen, can not to environment, and integrated operation cost is low.
It is also very convenient that above-mentioned electricity-generating method provided by the invention and electricity generation system are applied to family.For rural households, methyl alcohol can be changed into implement electricity-generating method of the present invention and electricity generation system as raw material by preparing biogas.For the electricity consumption from far-off regions not yet including supply network in, electricity-generating method of the present invention and electricity generation system with the obvious advantage.
Apply specific case herein to set forth principle of the present invention and execution mode, the explanation of above embodiment just understands method of the present invention and core concept thereof for helping.It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, can also carry out some improvement and modification to the present invention, these improve and modify and also fall in the protection range of the claims in the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. an electricity-generating method, is characterized in that, for comprising the electricity generation system of solar energy collection unit, methyl alcohol storage element, water feeding unit, Hydrogen Unit, fuel cell and Comprehensive Control unit, described electricity-generating method comprises the following steps:
Step S1: collect solar energy to obtain initial heat;
Step S2: by the described initial heat obtained for Hydrogen Unit provides temperature conditions needed for hydrogen manufacturing;
Step S3: the water in the methyl alcohol in methyl alcohol storage element and water feeding unit is delivered in Hydrogen Unit and obtains hydrogen by catalytic reforming;
Step S4: obtained part or all of hydrogen is inputed in fuel cell and obtains electric energy.
2. electricity-generating method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described Hydrogen Unit is connected with heat exchanger, and described step S2 is specially: by the described initial heat obtained for Hydrogen Unit provides the condition of the initial temperature needed for hydrogen manufacturing; Synchronously carry out described step S4 and following steps S3A after described step 3 completes: obtain reactivation heat by described heat exchanger from described Hydrogen Unit, described reactivation heat is delivered to described Hydrogen Unit and jointly provides the condition of the sustaining temperature needed for hydrogen manufacturing by described reactivation heat or the initial heat that provided by described reactivation heat and solar energy collection unit.
3. electricity-generating method according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described step 3A and following steps S3B synchronously carry out: obtain condensed water by described heat exchanger from described Hydrogen Unit, described condensed water is delivered to described water feeding unit.
4. electricity-generating method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, increases step S5 after described step S4: the water that described fuel cell output produces is transmitted back to described water feeding unit.
5. electricity-generating method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described Hydrogen Unit comprise connect in turn each other vaporizer, reformer chamber and separation chamber, then described step S3 is divided into following sub-step:
Step S31: the water in the first alcohol and water feeding unit in methyl alcohol storage element is inputted described vaporizer and gasifies, forms methanol vapor and steam;
Step S32: described methanol vapor and steam are inputted described reformer chamber, is undertaken urging reformation by catalyst at a set temperature, obtains the mist comprising hydrogen;
Step S33: the described mist exported from described reformer chamber is inputted described separation chamber, the temperature of described separation chamber, higher than the temperature of described reformer chamber, is provided with palladium membrane separator in described separation chamber, obtain hydrogen from the generation end of described palladium membrane separator.
6. an electricity generation system, is characterized in that, described electricity generation system comprises solar energy collection unit, methyl alcohol storage element, water feeding unit, Hydrogen Unit, fuel cell and Comprehensive Control unit; Described solar energy collection unit utilizes the initial heat that obtains to provide the temperature conditions needed for hydrogen manufacturing for described Hydrogen Unit; Described methyl alcohol storage element provides the methyl alcohol prepared needed for hydrogen for described Hydrogen Unit; Described water feeding unit provides the water prepared needed for hydrogen for described Hydrogen Unit; The methyl alcohol that described Hydrogen Unit utilizes described methyl alcohol storage element to provide and the water that described water feeding unit provides prepare hydrogen by catalytic reforming; The hydrogen gas generation that described fuel cell is prepared with described Hydrogen Unit; Described Comprehensive Control unit is for controlling described solar energy collection unit, described methyl alcohol storage element, described water feeding unit, described Hydrogen Unit and described fuel cell.
7. electricity generation system according to claim 6, is characterized in that, also comprises heat exchanger and reactivation heat recirculation line; Described heat exchanger obtains reactivation heat by described Hydrogen Unit, and one end of described reactivation heat recirculation line is connected with described heat exchanger, the other end is connected with described Hydrogen Unit; Then described solar energy collection unit provides the condition of the initial temperature needed for hydrogen manufacturing for described Hydrogen Unit; Described reactivation heat is delivered to described Hydrogen Unit and jointly provides the condition of the sustaining temperature needed for hydrogen manufacturing by described reactivation heat or the initial heat that provided by described reactivation heat and solar energy collection unit by described reactivation heat recirculation line.
8. the electricity generation system according to claim 6 or 7, it is characterized in that, also comprise heat exchanger and condensed water recirculation line, described heat exchanger is used for obtaining condensed water by described Hydrogen Unit, one end of described condensed water recirculation line is connected with described heat exchanger, the other end is connected with described water feeding unit, recycles for described condensed water being delivered to described water feeding unit.
9. electricity generation system according to claim 6, it is characterized in that, described fuel cell output is provided with and generates water recirculation line, and described generation water recirculation line is connected with described water feeding unit, recycles for described generation water is delivered to described water feeding unit.
10. electricity generation system according to claim 7, it is characterized in that, described Hydrogen Unit comprise connect successively vaporizer, reformer chamber, preheating temperature regulating device and separation chamber, then described solar energy collection unit is respectively described vaporizer, described reformer chamber, described preheating temperature regulating device and described separation chamber and provides the condition of the initial temperature needed for hydrogen manufacturing; Described reactivation heat is delivered to described vaporizer, described reformer chamber, described preheating temperature regulating device and described separation chamber and jointly provides the condition of the sustaining temperature needed for hydrogen manufacturing by described reactivation heat or the initial heat that provided by described reactivation heat and described solar energy collection unit by described reactivation heat recirculation line.
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| CN201310360662.5A CN104425831A (en) | 2013-08-19 | 2013-08-19 | Electricity generation method and system thereof |
| PCT/CN2014/084357 WO2015024473A1 (en) | 2013-08-19 | 2014-08-14 | Power generation method and system therefor |
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| CN108036523A (en) * | 2017-11-28 | 2018-05-15 | 深圳信息职业技术学院 | A kind of miniature solar energy heat collector of preparing hydrogen by reforming methanol |
| CN109607476A (en) * | 2019-01-02 | 2019-04-12 | 湖南理工学院 | The thermoelectricity hydrogen combined supply system of the preparing hydrogen by reforming methanol of a kind of ground thermal drivers |
| CN113285093A (en) * | 2021-05-14 | 2021-08-20 | 中国人民解放军海军工程大学 | Fuel cell-solar power generation system based on methanol steam reforming |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114249297B (en) * | 2021-12-30 | 2023-01-31 | 江苏科技大学 | Methanol reforming hydrogen production system utilizing solar energy |
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| CN201040718Y (en) * | 2007-04-18 | 2008-03-26 | 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 | Solar energy medium low temperature heat driving thermochemical reaction hydrogen producing system |
| CN102810686A (en) * | 2012-08-06 | 2012-12-05 | 上海合既得动氢机器有限公司 | Ethanol-water generating equipment and method |
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