WO2015024473A1

WO2015024473A1 - Power generation method and system therefor

Info

Publication number: WO2015024473A1
Application number: PCT/CN2014/084357
Authority: WO
Inventors: 向华; 李文霞; 向得夫
Original assignee: 上海合既得动氢机器有限公司
Priority date: 2013-08-19
Filing date: 2014-08-14
Publication date: 2015-02-26
Also published as: CN104425831A

Abstract

A power generation method, which is used for a power generation system comprising a solar collection unit, a methanol storage unit, a water supply unit, a hydrogen preparation unit and a fuel cell. The power generation method comprises the following steps: collecting solar energy, so as to obtain initial heat; using the obtained initial heat to provide an initial temperature condition required by hydrogen preparation for each component in a hydrogen preparation unit on which temperature control needs to be conducted; conveying methanol and water into the hydrogen preparation unit, so as to prepare hydrogen by means of catalytic reforming; and inputting some or all of the prepared hydrogen into a fuel cell to obtain electric energy. Hydrogen is prepared by means of reforming methanol and water vapour, the initial temperature condition required by hydrogen preparation is provided by the solar energy, and the obtained hydrogen directly generates power through the fuel cell, without conducting hydrogen storage and long-distance transport, so that the method has near-zero pollution to the external environment, low comprehensive operation costs, high security and practicality. Further disclosed is a power generation system for achieving the above-mentioned power generation method.

Description

Power generation method and system thereof

The present invention relates to the field of new energy power generation technology, and in particular to a power generation method for generating electricity by using solar energy to provide heat for hydrogen production by catalytic reforming of methanol and water, and a power generation system for realizing the power generation method.

Background technique

At present, based on economic and social sustainable development, people are exploring new energy power generation technologies. The existing new energy power generation technologies mainly include solar power generation, wind power generation, biomass power generation, geothermal power generation, tidal power generation and fuel cell power generation technology.

Among them, there are two main types of solar power generation, one is solar photovoltaic power generation, and the other is solar thermal power generation. Solar power generation is a power generation method that directly converts solar energy into electrical energy. This type of power generation usually uses photovoltaic cells for photoelectric conversion. Due to the high cost of photovoltaic cells, low light conversion rate and large floor space, this form of power generation has been Failed to gain popularity. Solar thermal power generation converts solar energy into heat energy and then converts the heat energy into electrical energy. More common is that solar energy is generated by a steam turbine to drive a generator. This type of power generation also has a problem of low energy conversion rate.

In new energy sources, hydrogen energy will be the most ideal energy source in the 21st century. This is because the weight of hydrogen is light. In the case of coal, gasoline and hydrogen with the same weight of fuel, hydrogen produces the most energy, and the product of its combustion is water, no ash and waste gas, and does not pollute the environment; Combustion with petroleum produces carbon dioxide and sulfur dioxide, which can produce greenhouse effect and acid rain, respectively. In addition, the use of hydrogen-hydrogen fuel cells can also directly convert hydrogen energy into electrical energy, making hydrogen energy utilization more convenient. At present, such fuel cells have been used in spacecraft and submarines, but due to the high cost, it is difficult to use them at present.

In view of the above characteristics of hydrogen energy, people have begun to explore how to make hydrogen power generation universally available. Since hydrogen is easily gasified, ignited and exploded, how to solve the problem of hydrogen energy storage and transportation becomes the key to developing hydrogen energy.

The above new energy power generation technology cannot be widely used based on economic costs, safety or practicality. Therefore, how to provide a new energy power generation method and system thereof with low comprehensive operation cost, high safety and practicality is a technical problem that a person skilled in the art needs to solve at present.

Summary of the invention

A first object of the present invention is to provide a power generation method that comprehensively utilizes new energy sources including solar energy, hydrogen energy, and fuel cells, has zero pollution to the external environment, low comprehensive operation cost, high safety, and practicality. . A second object of the present invention is to provide a power generation system that realizes the above-described power generation method, and similarly, the power generation system has the same technical effects as the above-described power generation method.

In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a power generation method for a power generation system including a solar energy collection unit, a methanol storage unit, a water supply unit, a hydrogen generation unit, a fuel cell, and an integrated control unit, the power generation method including the following Steps:

Step S1 : collecting solar energy to obtain initial heat;

Step S2: providing the hydrogen generating unit with a temperature condition required for hydrogen production by using the obtained initial heat;

Step S3: transporting methanol in the methanol storage unit and water in the water supply unit to the hydrogen production unit to obtain hydrogen by catalytic reforming;

Step S4: Part or all of the produced hydrogen gas is supplied to the fuel cell to obtain electric energy.

Preferably, the hydrogen production unit is connected to a heat exchanger, and the step S2 is specifically: providing the hydrogen generation unit with an initial temperature condition required for hydrogen production by using the obtained initial heat; Step S4 and step S3A: obtaining regenerative heat from the hydrogen production unit through the heat exchanger, and transferring the regenerative heat to the hydrogen generation unit by the regenerative heat or by the regenerative heat and solar energy The initial heat provided by the collection unit together provides the continuous temperature conditions required for hydrogen production.

Preferably, the step 3 is performed in synchronization with the step S3B of obtaining condensed water from the hydrogen producing unit through the heat exchanger, and delivering the condensed water to the water supply unit.

Preferably, after step S4, step S5 is added: the water generated at the output of the fuel cell is sent back to the water supply unit. Preferably, the hydrogen production unit comprises a gasification chamber, a reforming chamber and a separation chamber which are sequentially connected to each other, and the step S3 is divided into the following sub-steps:

Step S31: The methanol in the methanol storage unit and the water in the water supply unit are input into the gasification chamber for gasification to form methanol vapor and water vapor;

Step S32: feeding the methanol vapor and water vapor into the reforming chamber, and performing reforming by a catalyst at a set temperature to obtain a mixed gas containing hydrogen;

Step S33: the mixed gas outputted from the reforming chamber is input to the separation chamber, the temperature of the separation chamber is higher than the temperature in the reforming chamber, and the separation chamber is provided with a palladium membrane separator, Hydrogen is obtained at the production end of the palladium membrane separator.

Preferably, the hydrogen production unit further includes a preheating temperature control device, the preheating temperature control device is disposed between the reforming chamber and the separation chamber, between the step S32 and the step S33 Add the following step S32A:

The mixed gas output from the reforming chamber is input to the preheating temperature control device, and the preheating temperature control device serves as a buffer between the reforming chamber and the separation chamber to shorten the reforming The temperature difference between the temperature of the chamber output gas and the separation chamber is such that the temperature of the output gas from the reforming chamber is the same as or close to the temperature in the separation chamber.

Preferably, the method is applied to a mobile powered device or a distributed small power utility.

The present invention also provides a power generation system including a solar energy collection unit, a methanol storage unit, a water supply unit, a hydrogen generation unit, a fuel cell, and an integrated control unit; the solar energy collection unit utilizes the obtained initial heat as a Said hydrogen unit provides temperature conditions required for hydrogen production; said methanol storage unit provides said hydrogen production unit with methanol required for hydrogen production; said water supply unit provides said hydrogen production unit with water required for hydrogen production The hydrogen production unit generates hydrogen by catalytic reforming using methanol provided by the methanol storage unit and water supplied from the water supply unit; the fuel cell generates electricity by hydrogen produced by the hydrogen production unit; the integrated control The unit is configured to control the solar energy collection unit, the methanol storage unit, the water supply unit, the hydrogen generation unit, and the fuel cell.

Preferably, further comprising a heat exchanger and a regenerative heat return line; the heat exchanger obtaining regenerative heat through the hydrogen production unit, the regenerative heat returning one end of the pipeline and the heat exchange And connecting the other end to the hydrogen production unit; the solar energy collection unit provides the hydrogen production unit with an initial temperature condition required for hydrogen production; and the regeneration heat return line delivers the regeneration heat to The hydrogen production unit provides a continuous temperature condition required for hydrogen production from the regenerative heat or the initial heat provided by the solar energy collection unit.

Preferably, further comprising a heat exchanger for obtaining condensed water through the hydrogen production unit and a condensate return line, wherein one end of the condensed water return line is connected to the heat exchanger, The other end is connected to the water supply unit for conveying the condensed water to the water supply unit for reuse.

Preferably, the fuel cell output end is provided with a generated water return line, and the generated water return line is connected to the water supply unit for conveying the generated water to the water supply unit for further use.

Preferably, the hydrogen production unit comprises a gasification chamber, a reforming chamber, a preheating temperature control device and a separation chamber connected in sequence, and the solar energy collection unit is respectively the gasification chamber, the reforming chamber, and the The preheating temperature control device and the separation chamber provide initial temperature conditions required for hydrogen production; the regenerative heat return line delivers the regenerative heat to the gasification chamber, the reforming chamber, The preheating temperature control device and the separation chamber together provide the continuous temperature conditions required for hydrogen production from the regenerative heat or from the initial heat provided by the solar energy collection unit.

Preferably, the power generation system is applied to a mobile powered device or a distributed small power utility.

The power generation method provided by the invention comprehensively utilizes a new energy source including solar energy, hydrogen energy and a fuel cell, and adopts methanol and steam reforming to prepare hydrogen. The temperature conditions required for preparing hydrogen are provided by the collected solar energy, and the obtained hydrogen directly passes through the fuel. Battery power generation, no need for hydrogen storage and long-distance transportation, avoiding the difficulties and safety hazards of hydrogen storage and long-distance transportation. The solar energy provides the initial heat for hydrogen production. The temperature conditions required for hydrogen production do not need to be prepared. Hydrogen is used to guarantee the temperature conditions required for hydrogen production, and the energy consumption of the hydrogen production process is reduced. The power generation method only needs to store methanol, and the methanol is easy to store, there is no safety hazard, and the water required for hydrogen production is convenient to obtain and store. . In summary, the present invention The power generation method provided is close to zero pollution to the external environment, low in integrated operation cost, high in safety, and practical. The power generation method provided by the present invention is particularly suitable for situations where the power demand is small, such as mobile power equipment and distributed small power equipment.

The present invention also provides a power generation system for realizing the above-described power generation method, and accordingly, the power generation system has the same technical effects as the above-described power generation method, and details are not described herein again.

DRAWINGS

1 is a schematic flow chart of a specific embodiment of a power generation method provided by the present invention; FIG. 2 is a schematic flow chart of another specific embodiment of a power generation method provided by the present invention;

3 is a schematic diagram of a schematic diagram of a specific embodiment of a power generation system provided by the present invention; FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of a power generation system provided by the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing the principle of a preferred embodiment of a power generation system provided by the present invention; FIG.

6 is a schematic diagram showing the principle of another preferred embodiment of the power generation system provided by the present invention;

7 is a schematic diagram of the flow of step 3 in a specific implementation manner of the power generation method provided by the present invention;

8 is a schematic flow chart of step 3 in another specific embodiment of the power generation method provided by the present invention;

In the above figures, the reference numerals of the reference numerals are as follows:

1-Solar collection unit, 2-methanol storage unit, 3-water supply unit, 4-hydrogen unit, 41-gasification chamber, 42-reforming chamber, 43-separation chamber, 44-preheating temperature control device, 5 - Fuel cell, 6-integrated control unit, 7-heat exchanger.

detailed description

The first core of the present invention provides a power generation method that comprehensively utilizes new energy sources including solar energy, hydrogen energy, and fuel cells, has near zero pollution to the external environment, is low in overall operation cost, is highly safe, and has practicality. A second core of the present invention is to provide a power generation system that realizes the above-described power generation method, and similarly, the power generation system and the above power generation method Have the same technical effect.

In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the technical solutions of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

Please refer to FIG. 1 , FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 . FIG. 1 is a flowchart of a specific implementation manner of a power generation method according to the present invention; FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 are schematic diagrams of two different embodiments of a power generation system provided by the present invention. The system shown in Figures 3 and 4 is used to implement the power generation method provided by the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 1, FIG. 3 and FIG. 4, in a specific embodiment, a power generation system implementing the power generation method of the present invention includes a solar energy collection unit 1, a methanol storage unit 2, a water supply unit 3, a hydrogen generation unit 4, and a fuel. The battery 5 and the integrated control unit 6; the solar energy collecting unit 1 uses the obtained initial heat to provide the temperature conditions required for hydrogen production in each part of the hydrogen producing unit 4 that requires temperature control; the methanol storage unit 2 provides preparation for the hydrogen producing unit 4. Methanol required for hydrogen; water supply unit 3 supplies water required for hydrogen production to hydrogen production unit 4; hydrogen production unit 4 uses methanol supplied from methanol storage unit 2 and water supplied from water supply unit 3 to pass through the catalyst at a certain temperature. Catalytic reforming produces hydrogen; the fuel cell 5 is powered by the produced hydrogen; the integrated control unit 6 is used to control the solar energy collection unit 1, the methanol storage unit 2, the water supply unit 3, the hydrogen production unit 4, and the fuel cell 5 to perform predetermined operations. The integrated control unit 6 is connected to the solar energy collection unit 1, the methanol storage unit 2, the water supply unit 3, the hydrogen production unit 4, and the fuel cell 5, and the integrated control unit 6 controls the above components by transmitting commands or the like to realize the following power generation method:

Step S1 : collecting solar energy to obtain initial heat;

Step S2: using the obtained initial heat to provide the hydrogen production unit 4 with the temperature conditions required for hydrogen production;

Step S3: transporting the methanol in the methanol storage unit 2 and the water in the water supply unit 3 to the hydrogen production unit 4 to obtain hydrogen by catalytic reforming;

Step S4: Part or all of the hydrogen gas produced is input to the fuel cell 5 to obtain electric energy.

The power generation method and the power generation system provided by the invention comprehensively utilize new energy sources including solar energy, hydrogen energy and fuel cells 5, prepare hydrogen by methanol and steam reforming, and prepare hydrogen gas. The required temperature conditions are provided by the collected solar energy, and the hydrogen obtained is passed directly through the fuel cell.

5 Power generation, no need for hydrogen storage and long-distance transportation, avoiding the difficulties and safety hazards of hydrogen storage and long-distance transportation. The solar energy provides heat for hydrogen production to ensure the temperature conditions for hydrogen production, without the need to prepare hydrogen. To ensure the temperature conditions required for hydrogen production, the energy consumption of the hydrogen production process is reduced. The power generation method only needs to store methanol, and the methanol is easy to store, there is no safety hazard, and the water required for hydrogen production is convenient to obtain and store. In summary, the power generation method provided by the present invention is close to zero pollution to the external environment, low in integrated operation cost, high in safety, and practical.

With further reference to FIG. 2, FIG. 5 and FIG. 6, in a preferred embodiment, the power generation system provided by the present invention further comprises a heat exchanger 7 and a regenerative heat return line, the heat exchanger 7 and the regenerative heat returning The pipelines are all connected with the integrated control unit 6; the heat exchanger 7 obtains the regenerative heat through the hydrogen generation unit 4, one end of the regenerative heat return pipeline is connected to the heat exchanger 7, and the other end is connected to the hydrogen generation unit 4, so that hydrogen is produced. The heat generated in the process can be collected by the heat exchanger 7 and returned to the hydrogen production unit 4 for reuse by the existing heat recovery line. In this case, the solar energy collecting unit 1 only needs to supply the initial temperature conditions required for hydrogen production to the components in the hydrogen producing unit 4; the regenerative heat returning pipeline conveys the regenerative heat obtained by the heat exchanger 7 back to the components. The continuous temperature conditions required for hydrogen production are provided by the heat of regeneration or by the amount of heat of regeneration provided by the solar energy collection unit 1 .

In the embodiment in which the heat exchanger and the regenerative heat return line are provided, in the above power generation method, step S2 is specifically: providing the hydrogen production unit for each component in the hydrogen production unit 4 that needs to be temperature controlled by using the obtained initial heat. The initial temperature condition required; after the completion of step 3, step S4 is performed in synchronization with step S3A: the regenerative heat is obtained from the hydrogen generation unit 4 through the heat exchanger 7, and the regenerative heat is transferred to the hydrogen generation unit 4 by the regenerative heat or by the The regenerative heat together with the initial heat provided by the solar energy collection unit 1 provides the continuous temperature conditions required for hydrogen production.

Herein, in the same embodiment, the temperature conditions required for hydrogen production in the same hydrogen preparation process are the same, so the initial temperature condition and the continuous temperature condition are the same temperature conditions, and the difference is only in the distinction: initial temperature The conditions are provided by the solar energy collection unit, while the continuous temperature conditions are provided by the regenerative heat obtained by the heat exchanger 7 or by the heat exchanger 7 The regenerative heat is obtained in conjunction with the solar energy collection unit 1.

In a preferred embodiment, the heat exchanger 7 is further connected with a condensed water return line, one end of which is connected to the heat exchanger 7 and the other end is connected to the water supply unit 3, and the heat exchange is performed. The condensed water is obtained from the hydrogen producing unit 4 by heat exchange, and the condensed water can be sent to the water supply unit 3 for reuse.

In the case where the condensate return line is provided, in the above-described power generation method, the step 3A may be further performed in synchronization with the following step S3B: the condensed water is obtained from the hydrogen generation unit 4 through the heat exchanger 7, and the condensed water is sent to the water. The supply unit 3 is reused.

The heat exchanger 7 can be connected to the regenerative heat return line and the condensed water return line at the same time to simultaneously regenerate the regenerative heat and the condensed water obtained by the heat exchanger 7, and can also utilize only the two in accordance with the need. One. The required program flow can be set by the integrated control unit 6 according to different needs. The integrated control unit 6 is a component for comprehensively controlling various components in the power generation system of the present invention, and each component in the system of the present invention operates directly or indirectly under the control of the integrated control unit 6, and the skilled person passes the integrated control unit. Set the program and parameters in 6 to select the programs and parameters that are suitable for the specific work needs. The procedures and parameters set by the integrated control unit 6 are exemplified in the description, but the procedures and parameters are not limited thereto, and those skilled in the art can set them as needed within the scope of the principles of the present invention. Different procedures and parameters.

In a specific embodiment, in the power generation system provided by the present invention, the output end of the fuel cell 5 is provided with a generated water return line, and the generated water return line is connected to the water supply unit 3. The water formed at the output end of the fuel cell is transported to the water supply unit 3 through the generated water return line for reuse.

Accordingly, the power generation method provided by the present invention, after step S4, may be added to step S5: water generated at the output end of the fuel cell 5 is sent back to the water supply unit 3.

The basic principle of fuel cell 5 using hydrogen to generate electricity is the reverse reaction of electrolyzed water. Hydrogen and oxygen are supplied to the cathode and the anode, respectively. After the hydrogen diffuses through the cathode and reacts with the electrolyte, the electrons are released to the anode through an external load. Its essence is the redox reaction of hydrogen and oxygen. When a redox reaction occurs, there must be an electron transfer, and the electrons can be exported to the outside to obtain electric energy. Supplying fuel (hydrogen) to the negative electrode during operation, and supplying oxygenation agent to the positive electrode (empty Gas). Hydrogen is decomposed into positive ions H+ and electrons e_ at the negative electrode. Hydrogen ions enter the electrolyte, and electrons move along the external circuit to the positive electrode. The electrical load is connected to an external circuit. On the positive electrode, the oxygen in the air and the hydrogen ions in the electrolyte absorb the electrons reaching the positive electrode to form water, and the fuel cell 5 can continuously output electric energy to the outside during operation.

For the hydrogen generation unit 4, as shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 5, in a specific embodiment, in the power generation system provided by the present invention, the components for the temperature control of the hydrogen generation unit 4 include the gasification chamber 41, and the reforming. The chamber 42 and the separation chamber 43; the gasification chamber 41, the reforming chamber 42 and the separation chamber 43 are sequentially connected; the gasification chamber 41 vaporizes methanol and water input from the methanol storage unit 2 and the water supply unit 3 into methanol vapor. And water vapor; a reforming chamber 42 is provided with a catalyst for catalytic reforming of methanol vapor and water vapor; a temperature of the separation chamber 43 is higher than a temperature in the reforming chamber 42, and a separation of the palladium membrane is provided in the separation chamber 43. The hydrogen is output from the production end of the palladium membrane separator.

Catalytic reforming referred to herein refers to: methanol and water vapor pass through a catalyst under certain temperature and pressure conditions, and a methanol cracking reaction and a carbon monoxide shift reaction are carried out to generate hydrogen and carbon dioxide, which is a multi-component, multi-component The gas-solid catalytic reaction system of the reaction. The reaction equation is as follows:

CH ₃ OH→CO+2H ₂ ( 1 )

H ₂ 0+CO→C0 ₂ +H ₂ ( 2 )

CH ₃ OH+H ₂ 0→C0 ₂ +3H ₂ ( 3 )

The catalyst in the catalytic reforming can generally be: Cu-ZnO-Al ₂ 0 ₃ and I or Cu-ZnO-ZrO.

The temperature conditions in the gasification chamber 41, the reforming chamber 42, and the separation chamber 43 can be set by the integrated control unit 6. In a specific embodiment, the temperature in the reforming chamber 42 can be set in the temperature range of 280 ° C to 409 ° C (medium temperature method); in another specific embodiment, in the reforming chamber 42 The temperature can be set within the temperature range of 80 ° C to 280 ° C (low temperature method). In a specific embodiment, the temperature in the separation chamber 43 can be set in a temperature range of 385 ° C to 589 ° C; the palladium mode separator in the separation chamber 43 is a composite palladium mold such as metal palladium and composite palladium ( Palladium silver or gold, etc.).

For a hydrogen production process, in one embodiment, the hydrogen generation unit 4 includes each other The secondary connection of the gasification chamber 41, the reforming chamber 42 and the separation chamber 43, the hydrogen production step S3 is divided into the following sub-steps:

Step S31: The methanol in the methanol storage unit 2 and the water in the water supply unit 3 are sent to the gasification chamber 41 for gasification to form methanol vapor and water vapor;

Step S32: feeding methanol vapor and water vapor into the reforming chamber 42 and performing reforming by a catalyst at a set temperature to obtain a mixed gas containing hydrogen;

Step S33: The mixed gas output from the reforming chamber 42 is supplied to the separation chamber 43, the temperature of the separation chamber 43 is higher than the temperature in the reforming chamber 42, and the separation chamber 43 is provided with a palladium membrane separator, from the palladium membrane separator Hydrogen is obtained at the production end.

In a specific embodiment having the above arrangement, in the power generation method provided by the present invention, step S2 is specifically: providing the gasification chamber 41, the reforming chamber 42, and the separation chamber 43 with hydrogen required for the production of hydrogen, respectively. Temperature conditions.

Accordingly, please refer to FIG. 7 further. In a specific implementation manner, step S3 can be divided into the following sub-steps:

Step S31: introducing methanol and water into the gasification chamber 41 for gasification to form methanol vapor and water vapor;

Step S32: introducing methanol vapor and water vapor into the reforming chamber 42 , and a catalyst is disposed in the reforming chamber 42 , and the temperature in the reforming chamber 42 is 280° C.-409° C.

Step S33: The gas output from the reforming chamber 42 is supplied to the separation chamber 43, the temperature of the separation chamber 43 is higher than the temperature in the reforming chamber 42, and the temperature in the separation chamber 43 is set to 400 ° C - 460 ° C, and separated. A palladium membrane separator is disposed in the chamber 43, and hydrogen gas is obtained from the production end of the palladium membrane separator.

As shown in FIG. 4 and FIG. 6 , in a preferred embodiment, in the hydrogen production unit 4 of the power generation system provided by the present invention, a preheating temperature control device 44 is disposed between the reforming chamber 42 and the separation chamber 43 . Then, step S32A is added between step S32 and step S33 in the hydrogen production process: the mixed gas output from the reforming chamber 42 is input to the preheating temperature control device 44, and the preheating temperature control device is used as the reforming chamber 42 and the separation chamber 43. The inter-buffering shortens the temperature difference between the temperature of the output gas of the reforming chamber 42 and the inside of the separation chamber 43, so that the temperature of the gas output from the reforming chamber 42 is the same as or close to the temperature in the separation chamber 43. In the case where a preheating temperature control device is provided in the power generation system, please refer to FIG. 8 further. In a specific embodiment, in the power generation method provided by the present invention, the corresponding step S3 can be divided into the following substeps:

Step S31': introducing methanol and water into the gasification chamber 41 for gasification to form methanol vapor and water vapor;

Step S32': the methanol vapor and water vapor are introduced into the reforming chamber 42, the catalyst is disposed in the reforming chamber 42, and the temperature in the reforming chamber 42 is 280 ° C - 409 ° C;

Step S33': The gas output from the reforming chamber 42 is input to the preheating temperature control device, and the preheating temperature control device serves as a buffer between the reforming chamber 42 and the separation chamber 43, and shortens the temperature and separation of the output gas of the reforming chamber 42. The temperature difference between the chambers 43 is such that the temperature of the gas output from the reforming chamber 42 is the same as or close to the temperature in the separation chamber 43;

Step S34': The gas output from the preheating temperature control device 44 is input to the separation chamber 43, the temperature of the separation chamber 43 is higher than the temperature in the reforming chamber 42, and the temperature in the separation chamber 43 is set to 400 ° C - 460 ° C. A separation membrane chamber 43 is provided with a palladium membrane separator, and hydrogen gas is obtained from the production end of the palladium membrane separator.

For a solar energy collection unit 1, in a specific embodiment, the solar energy collection unit 1 is provided with a solar energy collection device and a thermal energy distribution device for providing settings to various components of the hydrogen generation unit 4 that require temperature control. Temperature conditions. The solar energy collection unit 1 may be a disc-shaped parabolic concentrating collector, or a flat solar collector or other means.

In a specific embodiment, the hydrogen generation unit 4 includes a gasification chamber 41, a reforming chamber 42 and a separation chamber 43 which are sequentially connected. Accordingly, the heat energy distribution device includes a gasification heating module, a reforming heating module, and a separate supply. The heat module, the gasification heating module, the reforming heating module, and the separation heating module provide set temperature conditions for the gasification chamber 41, the reforming chamber 42, and the separation chamber 43, respectively.

In a specific embodiment, the reforming heating module provides a temperature condition of 80 ° C - 280 ° C for the reforming chamber 42; in another embodiment, the reforming heating module provides the reforming chamber 42 a temperature condition of 280 ° C to 589 ° C; in yet another embodiment, the reforming heating module provides a temperature condition of 370 ° C to 409 ° C for the reforming chamber 42; in a preferred embodiment The temperature in the reforming chamber was 370 °C. In a specific embodiment, the separation heating module provides a temperature condition of 280 ° C - 589 ° C for the separation chamber; in a specific embodiment, the separation heating module provides 410 ° C - 430 ° C for the separation chamber Temperature condition; in a preferred embodiment, the temperature in the separation chamber is 410 °Co

In another embodiment, the hydrogen generation unit 4 includes a gasification chamber 41, a reforming chamber 42, a preheating temperature control device 44, and a separation chamber 43 that are sequentially connected. Accordingly, the heat energy distribution device includes a gasification heating module, The reforming heating module, the preheating temperature control module and the separate heating module, the gasification heating module, the reforming heating module, the preheating temperature control module and the separate heating module are respectively a gasification chamber 41 and a reforming chamber 42 The preheating temperature control device 44 and the separation chamber 43 provide set temperature conditions.

The integrated control unit 6 performs overall control of the power generation system provided by the present invention, and controls the entire power generation system to realize a predetermined function by setting a program and issuing a command (for example, setting a temperature condition). In a specific embodiment, the integrated control unit 6 is a computer.

The power generation method and power generation system provided by the present invention are particularly suitable for situations where the power demand ratio is small, such as mobile power equipment (such as automobiles, machinery, etc.), or distributed (non-concentrated) small power facilities.

In the specific embodiment of the vehicle, the above-mentioned power generation method and power generation system provided by the present invention can completely or partially replace gasoline or diesel to provide required electric energy for automobiles, and emit carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons, etc. compared with automobiles using gasoline or diesel. In the case of pollutants, the emissions from hydrogen production using methanol and water are water and oxygen, which do not pollute the environment and have low overall operating costs.

The above-described power generation method and power generation system provided by the present invention are also very convenient for use in a home. For rural households, the power generation method and power generation system of the present invention can be carried out by converting biogas into methanol as a raw material. The power generation method and the power generation system of the present invention have obvious advantages for power consumption in remote areas not yet included in the power supply network.

The principles and embodiments of the present invention have been described herein with reference to specific examples, and the description of the above embodiments is only to assist in understanding the method of the present invention and its core idea. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can also make several improvements and modifications to the present invention without departing from the principles of the invention. It is within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

claims

1. A power generation method, characterized in that it is used in a power generation system including a solar energy collection unit, a methanol storage unit, a water supply unit, a hydrogen production unit, a fuel cell and an integrated control unit. The power generation method includes the following steps:

Step S1: Collect solar energy to obtain initial heat;

Step S2: Use the obtained initial heat to provide the hydrogen production unit with the temperature conditions required for hydrogen production;

Step S3: Transport the methanol in the methanol storage unit and the water in the water supply unit to the hydrogen production unit to produce hydrogen through catalytic reforming;

Step S4: Input part or all of the produced hydrogen into the fuel cell to obtain electrical energy.

2. The power generation method according to claim 1, characterized in that the hydrogen production unit is connected to a heat exchanger, and the step S2 is specifically: using the obtained initial heat to provide the hydrogen production unit with the hydrogen production requirements. the initial temperature condition; after the step 3 is completed, the step S4 and the following step S3A are synchronized: obtain regeneration heat from the hydrogen production unit through the heat exchanger, and transport the regeneration heat to the hydrogen production unit The sustained temperature conditions required for hydrogen production are provided by the regenerated heat or by the regenerated heat together with the initial heat provided by the solar collection unit.

3. The power generation method according to claim 2, characterized in that the step 3A is performed synchronously with the following step S3B: obtaining condensed water from the hydrogen production unit through the heat exchanger, and transporting the condensed water to The water supply unit.

4. The power generation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, after the step S4, a step S5 is added: transporting the water generated at the output end of the fuel cell back to the water supply unit.

5. The power generation method according to claim 1, characterized in that the hydrogen production unit includes a gasification chamber, a reforming chamber and a separation chamber that are sequentially connected to each other, then the step S3 is divided into the following sub-steps:

Step S31: Input the methanol in the methanol storage unit and the water in the water supply unit into the gasification chamber for gasification to form methanol vapor and water vapor;

Step S32: Input the methanol vapor and water vapor into the reforming chamber at the set temperature. Perform catalytic reforming through a catalyst at a certain temperature to obtain a mixed gas containing hydrogen;

Step S33: Input the mixed gas output from the reforming chamber into the separation chamber. The temperature of the separation chamber is higher than the temperature in the reforming chamber. A palladium membrane separator is installed in the separation chamber. Hydrogen is obtained at the production end of the palladium membrane separator.

6. A power generation system, characterized in that the power generation system includes a solar energy collection unit, a methanol storage unit, a water supply unit, a hydrogen production unit, a fuel cell and an integrated control unit; the initial heat obtained by the solar energy collection unit is The hydrogen production unit provides the temperature conditions required for hydrogen production; the methanol storage unit provides the hydrogen production unit with the methanol needed for the production of hydrogen; the water supply unit provides the hydrogen production unit with the methanol needed for the production of hydrogen. Water; the hydrogen production unit uses methanol provided by the methanol storage unit and water provided by the water supply unit to prepare hydrogen through catalytic reforming; the fuel cell uses the hydrogen produced by the hydrogen production unit to generate electricity; the comprehensive The control unit is used to control the solar energy collection unit, the methanol storage unit, the water supply unit, the hydrogen production unit and the fuel cell.

7. The power generation system according to claim 6, further comprising a heat exchanger and a regeneration heat return pipeline; the heat exchanger obtains regeneration heat through the hydrogen production unit, and the regeneration heat return pipeline One end of the pipeline is connected to the heat exchanger, and the other end is connected to the hydrogen production unit; the solar energy collection unit provides the hydrogen production unit with the initial temperature conditions required for hydrogen production; the regeneration heat is returned The pipeline transports the regeneration heat to the hydrogen production unit, and the regeneration heat or the regeneration heat and the initial heat provided by the solar energy collection unit together provide the continuous temperature conditions required for hydrogen production.

8. The power generation system according to claim 6 or 7, further comprising a heat exchanger and a condensed water return pipeline, the heat exchanger is used to obtain condensed water through the hydrogen production unit, the condensed water is One end of the water return pipeline is connected to the heat exchanger and the other end is connected to the water supply unit for transporting the condensed water to the water supply unit for reuse.

9. The power generation system according to claim 6, wherein the output end of the fuel cell is provided with a generated water return pipeline, and the generated water return pipeline is connected to the water supply unit for supplying The generated water is transported to the water supply unit for reuse.

10. The power generation system according to claim 7, wherein the hydrogen production unit includes a gasification chamber, a reforming chamber, a preheating temperature control device and a separation chamber connected in sequence, then the The solar energy collection unit provides the initial temperature conditions required for hydrogen production to the gasification chamber, the reforming chamber, the preheating temperature control device and the separation chamber respectively; the regeneration heat return pipeline connects the The regeneration heat is delivered to the gasification chamber, the reforming chamber, the preheating temperature control device and the separation chamber by the regeneration heat or by the combination of the regeneration heat and the initial heat provided by the solar energy collection unit. Provides the sustained temperature conditions required for hydrogen production.