CN107863542B - Combustion reformer applied to fuel cell power generation system or hydrogen generator - Google Patents
Combustion reformer applied to fuel cell power generation system or hydrogen generator Download PDFInfo
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- CN107863542B CN107863542B CN201711158863.1A CN201711158863A CN107863542B CN 107863542 B CN107863542 B CN 107863542B CN 201711158863 A CN201711158863 A CN 201711158863A CN 107863542 B CN107863542 B CN 107863542B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
- H01M8/04014—Heat exchange using gaseous fluids; Heat exchange by combustion of reactants
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
- H01M8/04067—Heat exchange or temperature measuring elements, thermal insulation, e.g. heat pipes, heat pumps, fins
- H01M8/04074—Heat exchange unit structures specially adapted for fuel cell
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Abstract
The invention relates to a combustion recombiner applied to a fuel cell power generation system or a hydrogen generator, which comprises a waste heat recoverer and a combustion recombination reactor which are connected with each other, wherein a middle clapboard in the waste heat recoverer separates the interior of the waste heat recoverer into a first heat exchange area and a second heat exchange area; the catalytic combustion chamber is communicated with the combustion flue gas chamber, and the second heat exchange area is communicated with the combustion flue gas chamber through an external connecting pipe so that the combustion tail gas can provide secondary preheating for the second heat exchange area. The invention has compact structure, high heat utilization rate and recombination efficiency and quicker start.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fuel cells, in particular to a combustion recombiner which takes methanol water as fuel and is applied to a fuel cell power generation system or a hydrogen generator.
Background
Under the influence of natural disasters, the continuous and stable operation of important equipment cannot be ensured only by relying on a centralized power system, the daily life is influenced, the safety of lives and properties is possibly damaged, the battery serving as standby power cannot be supplied for a long time, and the problems of battery recovery and environmental pollution are still difficult to solve. In remote areas and islands where electric power infrastructure cannot reach, diesel power generation is still used as a main power source at present, but the diesel power generation has the disadvantages of high noise, serious pollution, high maintenance frequency and low power supply elasticity. The power generation technology of renewable energy sources such as solar energy, wind power and the like is greatly influenced by sunlight, regions and climate, and the power supply cannot be effectively and stably carried out at present. Fuel cell power generation systems have the advantages of high stability, low maintenance, long-term operation, and low emissions, and in addition, can be integrated with multiple renewable energy sources as a reliable power source for local residents, and are currently considered to be a power generation technology with great potential development.
The fuel cell is a high-efficiency power generation device which directly converts chemical energy of fuel and oxidant into electric energy in an electrochemical reaction mode without a combustion process, has high conversion efficiency, almost has no pollutant emission, and a power generation system taking the fuel cell as power can protect the environment and solve the urgent problem. However, hydrogen belongs to flammable and explosive substances, and is extremely difficult to liquefy and compress and difficult to store and transport.
However, the reformer has a high operating temperature, and a large amount of heat needs to be absorbed in the reaction, and usually, the reformer starts to operate after the reformer is heated to the operating temperature by using a secondary battery or commercial power, but this method needs to consume extra electric power to start the reformer, and further has a problem of long start-up time, so that heat is generated by using electric energy instead of the conventional method by using chemical combustion, for example, methanol and air are generally used to burn and release heat, so that on one hand, the power loss can be reduced, on the other hand, the start-up time can be shortened, but the requirement for starting the reformer by using the heat released by the chemical combustion is high, the general equipment has a complex structure, and the heat utilization rate is low. When a device for continuously heating a fuel reformer and a shift reactor using one burner is disclosed in japanese laid-open patent No.2004-31280, the shift reactor is located separately from the burner and requires a long time to raise the temperature of the shift reactor to an operating temperature, the structure is complicated, and the thermal efficiency is low when the shift reactor is heated using the burner for heating the fuel reformer.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above-mentioned prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a combustion reformer which is simple to manufacture, compact in structure, high in heat utilization and reforming efficiency, and quick to start, and is applied to a fuel cell power generation system or a hydrogen generator.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: a combustion recombiner applied to a fuel cell power generation system or a hydrogen generator comprises a waste heat recoverer and a combustion recombination reactor which are connected with each other, wherein a middle partition plate is further arranged in the waste heat recoverer and divides the interior of the waste heat recoverer into a first heat exchange area and a second heat exchange area; the catalytic combustion chamber is communicated with the combustion flue gas chamber, and the second heat exchange area is communicated with the combustion flue gas chamber through an external connecting pipe so that the combustion tail gas can provide secondary preheating for the second heat exchange area.
Preferably, a first heat exchange coil, a second heat exchange coil and a preheating straight pipe are arranged in the waste heat recovery device, the first heat exchange coil is communicated with the second heat exchange coil and sleeved outside the preheating straight pipe, the first heat exchange coil is located in the first heat exchange area, the second heat exchange coil is located in the second heat exchange area, the preheating straight pipe penetrates through the first heat exchange area and the second heat exchange area, and the preheating straight pipe is communicated with the catalytic combustion cavity through an external connecting pipe.
Preferably, the middle partition plate is welded and sealed with the joints of the inner wall of the waste heat recoverer, the outer wall of the first heat exchange coil, the outer wall of the second heat exchange coil and the outer wall of the preheating straight pipe, so that the first heat exchange area and the second heat exchange area are isolated and sealed from each other.
Preferably, the catalytic combustion chamber is filled with a catalyst for catalytic combustion.
Preferably, the preheating straight pipe extends downwards to be connected with an air inlet pipe, and the air inlet pipe is connected with a methanol inlet pipe.
Preferably, a combustion flue gas outlet pipe is arranged at the position, close to the middle partition plate, of the second heat exchange area.
Preferably, the first heat exchange coil extends outwards to be provided with a methanol-water fuel inlet, the second heat exchange coil extends outwards to be provided with an outlet pipe connected with an external connecting pipe, and the third heat exchange coil extends outwards to be provided with an inlet pipe connected with the external connecting pipe.
Preferably, the reforming reaction outer cavity is externally provided with a reforming gas outlet pipe connected with an external connecting pipe, the first heat exchange area is provided with a reforming gas inlet pipe close to the middle partition plate, and the bottom of the first heat exchange area is provided with a crude hydrogen outlet pipe.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that: the recombination reaction cavity is divided into an inner cavity and an outer cavity, so that the heat exchange area and the heat exchange shell pass are effectively increased, and the catalytic combustion cavity is arranged in the recombination reaction inner cavity, so that the heat exchange effect is improved. Arrange the third heat transfer coil in the catalytic combustion intracavity for can absorb the heat that partly methanol combustion produced when methanol-water fuel preheats, be unlikely to make catalytic combustion chamber high temperature and burn out equipment, can make the catalytic combustion intracavity temperature more even simultaneously again. In addition, the intermediate clapboard divides the waste heat recoverer into a first heat exchange area and a second heat exchange area, so that the combustion tail gas can be provided for secondary preheating of methanol-water fuel and methanol air in the second heat exchange area, and the recombined tail gas can be provided for primary preheating of methanol-water fuel and methanol air in the first heat exchange area. The invention adopts a catalytic combustion mode to supply heat to start the device, has compact and reasonable structure, only needs 0.5h when reaching the stable operation working condition, and is very quick; meanwhile, a multistage heat exchange mode is adopted, the cascade utilization of energy is realized, the combustion recombination efficiency and the heat utilization rate are effectively improved, a three-fluid heat exchange mode is adopted at multiple positions, the number of heat exchangers is reduced, the complexity of the equipment structure is greatly simplified, the size is reduced, and the structure is more compact.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the present invention;
as shown in the figure, 1a waste heat recoverer, 1a first heat exchange coil, 1b preheating straight pipe, 1c second heat exchange coil, 1d intermediate baffle, 1e first heat exchange zone, 1f second heat exchange zone, 2 combustion recombination reactor, 2a third heat exchange coil, 2b catalytic combustion chamber, 2c recombination reaction inner chamber, 2d recombination reaction outer chamber, 2e combustion flue gas chamber, 3 methanol inlet pipe, 4 air inlet pipe, 5 methanol water fuel inlet, 6 outlet pipe, 7 inlet pipe, 8 recombination gas outlet pipe, 9 recombination gas inlet pipe, 10 crude hydrogen outlet pipe, 11 combustion flue gas outlet pipe, 12 external connecting pipe.
Detailed Description
As shown in FIG. 1-2, a combustion reformer for a fuel cell power generation system or a hydrogen generator comprises a waste heat recoverer 1 and a combustion reforming reactor 2 which are connected with each other, wherein a first heat exchange coil 1a, a second heat exchange coil 1c and a preheating straight pipe 1b are arranged in the waste heat recoverer 1, the first heat exchange coil 1a is communicated with the second heat exchange coil 1c and sleeved outside the preheating straight pipe 1b, a middle partition plate 1d is further arranged in the waste heat recoverer 1, the middle partition plate 1d partitions the interior of the waste heat recoverer 1 into a first heat exchange area 1e and a second heat exchange area 1f, the first heat exchange coil 1a is positioned in the first heat exchange area 1e, the second heat exchange plate 1c is positioned in the second heat exchange area 1f, the preheating straight pipe 1b penetrates through the first heat exchange area 1e and the second heat exchange area 1f, and the middle partition plate 1d is positioned on the inner wall of the waste heat recoverer 1, the outer wall of the, The joint of the outer wall of the second heat exchange coil 1c and the outer wall of the preheating straight pipe 1b is welded and sealed, so that the first heat exchange area 1e and the second heat exchange area 1f are isolated and sealed from each other.
Wherein the combustion recombination reactor 2 comprises a third heat exchange coil 2a, a catalytic combustion chamber 2b, a recombination reaction inner chamber 2c, a recombination reaction outer chamber 2d and a combustion flue gas chamber 2e which are sequentially sleeved from inside to outside, the catalytic combustion chamber 2b is communicated with the combustion flue gas chamber 2e, a catalyst (methanol catalytic combustion catalyst or H2, CO catalytic combustion catalyst) for catalytic combustion is filled in the catalytic combustion chamber 2b, the recombination reaction inner chamber 2c is communicated with the recombination reaction outer chamber 2d, the third heat exchange coil 2a is communicated with the recombination reaction inner chamber 2c, a preheating straight pipe 1b is communicated with the catalytic combustion chamber 2b through an external connecting pipe 12, a second heat exchange zone 1f is communicated with the combustion flue gas chamber 2e through an external connecting pipe 12, the second heat exchange coil 1c is communicated with the third heat exchange coil 2a through an external connecting pipe 12, the first heat exchange zone 1e is communicated with the recombination reaction outer chamber 2d through an external connecting pipe 12, the preheating straight pipe 1b is connected with an air inlet pipe 4 in a downward extending mode, the air inlet pipe 4 is connected with a methanol inlet pipe 3, a combustion flue gas outlet pipe 11 is arranged at a position, close to a middle partition plate 1d, of a second heat exchange area 1f, a methanol water fuel inlet 5 extends outwards from a first heat exchange coil 1a, an outlet pipe 6 connected with an external connecting pipe extends outwards from a second heat exchange coil 1c, an inlet pipe 7 connected with the external connecting pipe extends outwards from a third heat exchange coil 2a, a reformed gas outlet pipe 8 connected with the external connecting pipe is arranged outwards from a reformed reaction outer cavity 2d, a reformed gas inlet pipe 9 is arranged at a position, close to the middle partition plate 1d, of the first heat exchange area 1e, and a crude hydrogen outlet pipe 10 is arranged at the.
When the device works, methanol enters from a methanol inlet pipe 3, air enters from an air inlet pipe 4, the methanol and the air are mixed and then enter a preheating straight pipe 1b, the methanol and the air enter a catalytic combustion cavity 2b in a combustion recombination reactor 2 through an external connecting pipe 12, the methanol and the air start to combust under the catalytic action of a catalyst, the heat released by the combustion of the methanol and the air starts to preheat and heat up the device, the residual high-temperature combustion flue gas is discharged from a combustion flue gas cavity 2e, the residual high-temperature combustion flue gas enters a second heat exchange area 1f of a waste heat recoverer 1 through the external connecting pipe 12, the residual high-temperature combustion flue gas exchanges heat with the methanol and the air in the preheating straight pipe 1b and then is discharged from a combustion flue gas outlet pipe 11, when the temperature in the catalytic combustion cavity 2b reaches 500 ℃, the methanol-water fuel with 35 percent of the total amount begins to be introduced from a methanol-water fuel inlet 5, the methanol-water fuel exchanges heat with the high-temperature flue gas released, preheating and heating are carried out again in the catalytic combustion cavity 2b, then the obtained product enters the reforming reaction inner cavity 2c and the reforming reaction outer cavity 2d for reforming reaction, wherein the heat required to be absorbed by the reforming reaction is provided by the heat released by the catalytic combustion of methanol air, the high-temperature reformed crude hydrogen gas generated after the reaction enters the first heat exchange area 1e of the waste heat recoverer 1 from the reformed gas outlet pipe 8 through the external connecting pipe 12 and the reformed gas inlet pipe 9 in a sealing connection mode, and is discharged from the crude hydrogen outlet pipe 10 after heat exchange with methanol-water fuel in the first heat exchange coil 1a and methanol air in the preheating straight pipe 1 b. And when the temperature of the second heat exchange zone 1f reaches 200 ℃, increasing the using amount of the methanol water to a preset value, and supplying the device for a fuel cell system or a hydrogen generator after the device stably operates.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the claims. The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and the specific structure thereof is allowed to vary. All changes which come within the scope of the invention as defined by the independent claims are intended to be embraced therein.
Claims (8)
1. A combustion reformer applied to a fuel cell power generation system or a hydrogen generator, characterized in that: comprises a waste heat recoverer (1) and a combustion reforming reactor (2) which are connected with each other, a middle clapboard (1d) is arranged in the waste heat recoverer (1), the middle partition board (1d) divides the interior of the waste heat recoverer (1) into a first heat exchange area (1e) and a second heat exchange area (1f), the combustion reforming reactor (2) comprises a third heat exchange coil (2a), a catalytic combustion cavity (2b), a reforming reaction inner cavity (2c), a reforming reaction outer cavity (2d) and a combustion smoke cavity (2e) which are sequentially sleeved from inside to outside, the third heat exchange coil (2a) is communicated with the reforming reaction inner cavity (2c), the reforming reaction inner cavity (2c) is communicated with the reforming reaction outer cavity (2d), the first heat exchange zone (1e) is communicated with the reforming reaction outer cavity (2d) through an outer connecting pipe so that the reformed crude hydrogen can provide primary preheating for the first heat exchange zone (1 e); the catalytic combustion chamber (2b) is communicated with the combustion flue gas chamber (2e), and the second heat exchange zone (1f) is communicated with the combustion flue gas chamber (2e) through an external connecting pipe so that the combustion tail gas can provide secondary preheating for the second heat exchange zone (1 f).
2. The combustion reformer applied to a fuel cell power generation system or a hydrogen generator according to claim 1, characterized in that: the waste heat recovery device is characterized in that a first heat exchange coil (1a), a second heat exchange coil (1c) and a preheating straight pipe (1b) are arranged in the waste heat recovery device (1), the first heat exchange coil (1a) is communicated with the second heat exchange coil (1c) and sleeved outside the preheating straight pipe (1b), the first heat exchange coil (1a) is located in a first heat exchange area (1e), the second heat exchange coil (1c) is located in a second heat exchange area (1f), the preheating straight pipe (1b) penetrates through the first heat exchange area (1e) and the second heat exchange area (1f), and the preheating straight pipe (1b) is communicated with the catalytic combustion cavity (2b) through an external connecting pipe.
3. The combustion reformer applied to a fuel cell power generation system or a hydrogen generator according to claim 2, characterized in that: and the middle partition plate (1d) is welded and sealed with the joints of the inner wall of the waste heat recoverer (1), the outer wall of the first heat exchange coil (1a), the outer wall of the second heat exchange coil (1c) and the outer wall of the preheating straight pipe (1 b).
4. The combustion reformer applied to a fuel cell power generation system or a hydrogen generator according to claim 1, characterized in that: the catalytic combustion cavity (2b) is filled with a catalyst for catalytic combustion.
5. The combustion reformer applied to a fuel cell power generation system or a hydrogen generator according to claim 2, characterized in that: the preheating straight pipe (1b) extends downwards to be connected with an air inlet pipe (4), and the air inlet pipe (4) is connected with a methanol inlet pipe (3).
6. The combustion reformer applied to a fuel cell power generation system or a hydrogen generator according to claim 1, characterized in that: and a combustion flue gas outlet pipe (11) is arranged at the position, close to the middle partition plate (1d), of the second heat exchange zone (1 f).
7. The combustion reformer applied to a fuel cell power generation system or a hydrogen generator according to claim 2, characterized in that: first heat exchange coil (1a) outwards extend has methanol-water fuel import (5), second heat exchange coil (1c) outwards extends has outlet pipe (6) of connecting outside connecting pipe, third heat exchange coil (2a) outwards extends has import pipe (7) of connecting outside connecting pipe.
8. The combustion reformer applied to a fuel cell power generation system or a hydrogen generator according to claim 1, characterized in that: the reforming reaction outer cavity (2d) is outwards provided with a reforming gas outlet pipe (8) connected with an external connecting pipe, the first heat exchange area (1e) is provided with a reforming gas inlet pipe (9) close to the middle partition plate (1d), and the bottom of the first heat exchange area (1e) is provided with a crude hydrogen outlet pipe (10).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711158863.1A CN107863542B (en) | 2017-11-20 | 2017-11-20 | Combustion reformer applied to fuel cell power generation system or hydrogen generator |
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| CN201711158863.1A CN107863542B (en) | 2017-11-20 | 2017-11-20 | Combustion reformer applied to fuel cell power generation system or hydrogen generator |
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| CN107863542A CN107863542A (en) | 2018-03-30 |
| CN107863542B true CN107863542B (en) | 2021-01-29 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112194099A (en) * | 2020-10-30 | 2021-01-08 | 摩氢科技有限公司 | Methanol-water preheating device |
| CN112707370B (en) * | 2020-12-28 | 2022-03-11 | 宁波申江科技股份有限公司 | Electric heating methanol reformer |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20070000173A1 (en) * | 2005-06-28 | 2007-01-04 | Michael Boe | Compact reforming reactor |
| KR100723390B1 (en) * | 2005-12-30 | 2007-05-30 | 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 | Hydrogen generator having double burners and method of operating the same |
| JP5860376B2 (en) * | 2012-10-09 | 2016-02-16 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | Fuel cell module |
| CN106784940B (en) * | 2016-12-27 | 2019-04-26 | 宁波索福人能源技术有限公司 | A kind of solid oxide fuel cell power generating system |
| CN207624815U (en) * | 2017-11-20 | 2018-07-17 | 宁波申江科技股份有限公司 | Applied to fuel cell generation or the burning reformer of production hydrogen machine |
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