CN110810514A - 一种儿童奶粉及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种儿童奶粉及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN110810514A CN110810514A CN201911162238.3A CN201911162238A CN110810514A CN 110810514 A CN110810514 A CN 110810514A CN 201911162238 A CN201911162238 A CN 201911162238A CN 110810514 A CN110810514 A CN 110810514A
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- milk powder
- milk
- children
- vitamin
- mfgm
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A23C9/1203—Addition of, or treatment with, enzymes or microorganisms other than lactobacteriaceae
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23C—DAIRY PRODUCTS, e.g. MILK, BUTTER OR CHEESE; MILK OR CHEESE SUBSTITUTES; MAKING THEREOF
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- A23C9/12—Fermented milk preparations; Treatment using microorganisms or enzymes
- A23C9/13—Fermented milk preparations; Treatment using microorganisms or enzymes using additives
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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- A23C9/13—Fermented milk preparations; Treatment using microorganisms or enzymes using additives
- A23C9/1307—Milk products or derivatives; Fruit or vegetable juices; Sugars, sugar alcohols, sweeteners; Oligosaccharides; Organic acids or salts thereof or acidifying agents; Flavours, dyes or pigments; Inert or aerosol gases; Carbonation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23C—DAIRY PRODUCTS, e.g. MILK, BUTTER OR CHEESE; MILK OR CHEESE SUBSTITUTES; MAKING THEREOF
- A23C9/00—Milk preparations; Milk powder or milk powder preparations
- A23C9/12—Fermented milk preparations; Treatment using microorganisms or enzymes
- A23C9/13—Fermented milk preparations; Treatment using microorganisms or enzymes using additives
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Abstract
本发明提供一种儿童奶粉及其制备方法,所述奶粉包括以下百分比原料:全脂乳粉70%~78%、脱脂乳粉13%~20%、水解乳清蛋白粉1%~6%、MFGM乳磷脂0.5%~3%、二十二碳六烯酸0.1%~1%、花生四烯酸0.2%~1%、乳双歧杆菌HN019 0.03%~0.05%、低聚半乳糖5%~10%、矿物质0.1%~1%、维生素0.1%~1%、碳酸钙0.2%~1%、乳糖0.05%~0.2%;本发明为4段儿童奶粉,其配方科学配比,采用天然草饲奶源中的全脂奶粉和脱脂奶粉为主料,采用全乳糖配方,不含白砂糖、蔗糖,麦芽糊精、固体葡萄糖浆等,无添加香兰素等食用香精;结合制备方法,显著减少了制备奶粉过程中乳磷脂的损失,提高奶粉的稳定性。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及奶制品领域,特别涉及一种儿童奶粉及其制备方法。
背景技术
MFGM乳磷脂是牛乳中的脂肪以脂肪球的形式存在,包裹脂肪球的膜性结构,被称之为乳脂球膜,含有磷脂、糖蛋白质、糖脂、甘油酯、游离脂肪酸和胆固醇;它是母乳中继DHA之后的脑部营养突破性发现,经科学验证,它能够帮助宝宝脑部发育,让大脑反应灵敏,同时也被发现对免疫和肠胃健康有益,在婴幼儿的奶粉中常会见到,但是在儿童奶粉中未有添加;且在牛奶生产过程中使用的均质和热处理法也会对牛奶乳脂球膜蛋白组的表达产生不同程度的改变,其中MFGM乳磷脂对热敏感,β乳球蛋白、α乳白蛋白在60~65℃下会和乳脂球膜发生结合,热处理会影响牛乳脂球膜蛋白的组成,导致结垢率高,稳定性差,而MFGM乳磷脂在牛奶的冷却过程中也会释放到牛奶乳清相中,冻融对MFGM乳磷脂造成严重损害并使MFGM乳磷脂不稳定。
发明内容
鉴于此,本发明提出一种儿童奶粉及其制备方法,解决上述问题。
本发明的技术方案是这样实现的:一种儿童奶粉:包括以下重量百分比原料:全脂乳粉70%~78%、脱脂乳粉13%~20%、水解乳清蛋白粉1%~6%、MFGM乳磷脂0.5%~3%、二十二碳六烯酸0.1%~1%、花生四烯酸0.2%~1%、乳双歧杆菌HN019 0.03%~0.05%、低聚半乳糖5%~10%、矿物质0.1%~1%、维生素0.1%~1%、碳酸钙0.2%~1%、乳糖0.05%~0.2%。
进一步的,一种儿童奶粉,包括以下重量百分比原料:全脂乳粉75%、脱脂乳粉15%、水解乳清蛋白粉3%、MFGM乳磷脂1.5%、二十二碳六烯酸0.6%、花生四烯酸0.12%、乳双歧杆菌HN019 0.04%、低聚半乳糖7%、矿物质0.7%、维生素0.7%、碳酸钙0.13%、乳糖0.17%。
进一步的,每克维生素中包括维生素A:2000~3000μgRE、维生素D:30~45μg、维生素B1:1600~2600μg、维生素B2:200~1000μg、维生素B6:1250~2450μg、维生素B12:9.1~12.0μg、维生素K:325~430μg、维生素C:500~820mg、维生素E:28~34.1mg。
进一步的,每克矿物质中包括铁:50~85mg、锌:30~49mg、铜:3900~4940μg、碘:548~692μg、硒:102~185μg、锰:0~579μg。
进一步的,一种儿童奶粉的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
S1、MFGM乳磷脂的提取:将生牛乳进行巴氏杀菌后将牛乳预热至30~40℃,于5000~7000r/min离心30~50min,收集上层乳脂,用磷酸盐缓冲液洗涤,磷酸盐缓冲液与乳脂以3~7:1.2~2(V/V)混合,于6000~8000r/min离心20~40min,收集上层乳脂,将pH调节到4.0~6.0后再用蒸馏水洗涤,用截留分子量为6~8万道尔顿的超滤膜超滤,浓缩,得MFGM乳磷脂,上述截留分子量为6~8万道尔顿的超滤膜组件形式为中空纤维膜、卷式膜或平板膜。
S2、将上述原料与步骤S1MFGM乳磷脂混合,进行巴氏杀菌后蒸发,均质,干燥得到奶粉,所述巴氏杀菌的温度为50~70℃,所述均质温度40~50℃、均质压力80~100Mpa、均质时间15~30min。
与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果是:本发明为4段儿童奶粉,其配方科学配比,采用天然草饲奶源中的全脂奶粉和脱脂奶粉为主料,草饲牛奶含有大量的共轭亚油酸,帮助调节免疫功能,维持心血管健康;
(1)将MFGM乳磷脂和二十二碳六烯酸(DHA)协同,有助于二十二碳六烯酸(DHA)、二十碳四烯酸(ARA)等长链多不饱和脂肪酸的运转(穿越血脑屏障、运往大脑及机体各部位)、吸收,有助于增加神经迁移、神经突触的生长、传导及增强,可以加倍神经信号的有效传导,加速大脑信号的传递,加强信号传导的完整性,能增强认知表现力和学习、记忆力;
(2)MFGM乳磷脂乳与双歧杆菌HN019结合通过参与肠道内新细胞的构建,支持肠道完整性和肠道发育,通过与细菌和病毒结合,例如轮状病毒,防止它们附着在肠壁上引起感染,儿童饮用富含MFGM乳磷脂的牛奶显示出对胃肠道感染具有保护作用,显著减少由胃肠道感染导致的发烧概率;
(3)本发明的奶粉采用全乳糖配方,不含白砂糖、蔗糖,麦芽糊精、固体葡萄糖浆等,无添加香兰素等食用香精;
(4)在MFGM乳磷脂的提取中经预热离心后用缓冲液洗涤,调节pH值,用超滤膜超滤,保护脂肪球膜防止在加热时分解留下间隙而使乳清蛋白吸附到新暴露的脂肪表面,冷却时,脂肪球膜包含高比例的脂肪,更耐剪切应力,在低温下,也能够防止脂肪球结晶,从而可以提高脂肪球的稳定性。
具体实施方式
为了更好理解本发明技术内容,下面提供具体实施例,对本发明做进一步的说明。
本发明实施例所用的实验方法如无特殊说明,均为常规方法。
本发明实施例所用的材料、试剂等,如无特殊说明,均可从商业途径得到。
实施例1
儿童奶粉包括以下重量百分比原料:全脂乳粉70%、脱脂乳粉13%、水解乳清蛋白粉1%、MFGM乳磷脂0.5%、二十二碳六烯酸0.1%、花生四烯酸0.2%、乳双歧杆菌HN0190.03%、低聚半乳糖5%、矿物质0.1%、维生素0.1%、碳酸钙0.2%、乳糖0.05%;
奶粉每克维生素中包括维生素A:2000μgRE、维生素D:30μg、维生素B1:1600μg、维生素B2:200μg、维生素B6:1250μg、维生素B12:9.1μg、维生素K:325μg、维生素C:500mg、维生素E:28mg。
每克矿物质中包括铁:50mg、锌:30mg、铜:3900μg、碘:548μg、硒:102μg。
实施例2
儿童奶粉包括以下重量百分比原料:全脂乳粉78%、脱脂乳粉20%、水解乳清蛋白粉6%、MFGM乳磷脂3%、二十二碳六烯酸1%、花生四烯酸1%、乳双歧杆菌HN019 0.05%、低聚半乳糖10%、矿物质1%、维生素1%、碳酸钙1%、乳糖0.2%;
每克维生素中包括维生素A:3000μgRE、维生素D:45μg、维生素B1:2600μg、维生素B2:1000μg、维生素B6:2450μg、维生素B12:12.0μg、维生素K:430μg、维生素C:820mg、维生素E:34.1mg。
每克矿物质中包括铁:85mg、锌:49mg、铜:4940μg、碘:692μg、硒:185μg、锰:579μg。
实施例3
儿童奶粉包括以下重量百分比原料:全脂乳粉75%、脱脂乳粉15%、水解乳清蛋白粉3%、MFGM乳磷脂1.5%、二十二碳六烯酸0.6%、花生四烯酸0.12%、乳双歧杆菌HN0190.04%、低聚半乳糖7%、矿物质0.7%、维生素0.7%、碳酸钙0.13%、乳糖0.17%;
每克维生素中包括维生素A:2500μgRE、维生素D:40μg、维生素B1:2000μg、维生素B2:800μg、维生素B6:1850μg、维生素B12:10μg、维生素K:380μg、维生素C:620mg、维生素E:30.1mg。
每克矿物质中包括铁:65mg、锌:37mg、铜:4240μg、碘:602μg、硒:145μg、锰:200μg。
上述实施例1~3一种儿童奶粉的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
S1、MFGM乳磷脂的提取:将生牛乳进行巴氏杀菌后将牛乳预热至35℃,于6000r/min离心40min,收集上层乳脂,用磷酸盐缓冲液洗涤,磷酸盐缓冲液与乳脂以5:1.6(V/V)混合,于7000r/min离心30min,收集上层乳脂,将pH调节到5.0后再用蒸馏水洗涤,用截留分子量为7万道尔顿的中空纤维膜超滤,浓缩,得MFGM乳磷脂。
S2、将上述原料与步骤S1MFGM乳磷脂混合,进行巴氏杀菌后蒸发,均质,干燥得到奶粉,所述巴氏杀菌的温度为60℃,所述均质温度45℃、均质压力90Mpa、均质时间20min。
实施例4
儿童奶粉包括以下重量百分比原料:全脂乳粉75%、脱脂乳粉15%、水解乳清蛋白粉3%、MFGM乳磷脂1.5%、二十二碳六烯酸0.6%、花生四烯酸0.12%、乳双歧杆菌HN0190.04%、低聚半乳糖7%、矿物质0.7%、维生素0.7%、碳酸钙0.13%、乳糖0.17%;
每克维生素中包括维生素A:2500μgRE、维生素D:40μg、维生素B1:2000μg、维生素B2:800μg、维生素B6:1850μg、维生素B12:10μg、维生素K:380μg、维生素C:620mg、维生素E:30.1mg。
每克矿物质中包括铁:65mg、锌:37mg、铜:4240μg、碘:602μg、硒:145μg、锰:200μg。
本发明还提供一种儿童奶粉的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
S1、MFGM乳磷脂的提取:将生牛乳进行巴氏杀菌后将牛乳预热至30℃,于5000r/min离心30min,收集上层乳脂,用磷酸盐缓冲液洗涤,磷酸盐缓冲液与乳脂以3:1.2(V/V)混合,于6000r/min离心20min,收集上层乳脂,将pH调节到4.0后再用蒸馏水洗涤,用截留分子量为6万道尔顿的卷式膜超滤,浓缩,得MFGM乳磷脂。
S2、将上述原料与步骤S1MFGM乳磷脂混合,进行巴氏杀菌后蒸发,均质,干燥得到奶粉,所述巴氏杀菌的温度为50℃,所述均质温度40℃、均质压力80Mpa、均质时间15min。
实施例5
儿童奶粉包括以下重量百分比原料:全脂乳粉75%、脱脂乳粉15%、水解乳清蛋白粉3%、MFGM乳磷脂1.5%、二十二碳六烯酸0.6%、花生四烯酸0.12%、乳双歧杆菌HN0190.04%、低聚半乳糖7%、矿物质0.7%、维生素0.7%、碳酸钙0.13%、乳糖0.17%;
每克维生素中包括维生素A:2500μgRE、维生素D:40μg、维生素B1:2000μg、维生素B2:800μg、维生素B6:1850μg、维生素B12:10μg、维生素K:380μg、维生素C:620mg、维生素E:30.1mg。
每克矿物质中包括铁:65mg、锌:37mg、铜:4240μg、碘:602μg、硒:145μg、锰:200μg。
本发明还提供一种儿童奶粉的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
S1、MFGM乳磷脂的提取:将生牛乳进行巴氏杀菌后将牛乳预热至40℃,于7000r/min离心50min,收集上层乳脂,用磷酸盐缓冲液洗涤,磷酸盐缓冲液与乳脂以7:2(V/V)混合,于8000r/min离心40min,收集上层乳脂,将pH调节到6.0后再用蒸馏水洗涤,用截留分子量为8万道尔顿的平板膜超滤,浓缩,得MFGM乳磷脂。
S2、将上述原料与步骤S1MFGM乳磷脂混合,进行巴氏杀菌后蒸发,均质,干燥得到奶粉,所述巴氏杀菌的温度为70℃,所述均质温度50℃、均质压力100Mpa、均质时间30min。
实施例6
本实施例与实施例3的区别在于,一种儿童奶粉的制备方法:步骤S1中,超滤液与乳脂的体积比为1:40。
实施例7
本实施例与实施例3的区别在于,一种儿童奶粉的制备方法:步骤S2中,均质温度30℃、均质压力120Mpa、均质时间45min。
对比例1
本对比例与实施例3的区别在于,一种儿童奶粉,包括以下重量百分比原料:全脂乳粉68%、脱脂乳粉10%、水解乳清蛋白粉0.6%、MFGM乳磷脂0.3%、二十二碳六烯酸1.1%、花生四烯酸0.1%、乳双歧杆菌HN019 0.01%、低聚半乳糖2%、矿物质1.2%、维生素0.08%、碳酸钙0.1%、乳糖0.02%。
对比例2
本对比例与实施例3的区别在于,一种儿童奶粉的制备方法,MFGM乳磷脂的提取过程中未进行超滤步骤。
对比例3
本对比例与实施例3的区别在于,一种儿童奶粉的制备方法,MFGM乳磷脂的提取过程中未使用缓冲液洗涤。
一、乳磷脂含量测定
使用核磁共振光谱法对实施例1~7和对比例1~3以及市售的儿童奶粉磷脂检测分析如下。
实验结果表面,本发明的儿童奶粉乳磷脂含量较高,通过科学配比在奶粉中合理添加乳磷脂,经调控制备方式改善乳磷脂的稳定性,提高乳磷脂的含量。其中,实施例3的总磷脂含量最高,表明实施例3奶粉的配方以及工艺是最优选的,与对比例1相比,表明本发明的配方科学配伍,制得的奶粉乳磷脂含量显著提高;与对比例2~3相比,表明本发明的制备方法显著减少了制备奶粉过程中乳磷脂的损失。
二、奶粉稳定性测试
测试步骤:
(1)将奶粉与温水混合,获得溶液A,测量体积;
(2)将溶液A在50~70℃条件下处理5~15min,冷却后于0~-5℃静置,获得溶液B,测量体积;
奶粉的结垢率=(溶液A体积-溶液B体积)/溶液A体积×100%
测定标准:
测定结果:
上述结果表明,本发明实施例1~7的儿童奶粉在高温和低温的处理下,结垢率低,稳定性高;对比例1~3的儿童奶粉在高温和低温的处理下,结垢率在2~4%之间,稳定性一般。
四、口感测试
随机选择100名儿童,随机分为10组,10组分别对应实施例1~7和对比例1~3,每组10人,进行口感测试前30分钟不得食用其他食物,并用温开水反复漱口3~5次后;观察后品尝,并给出评价,并进行统计。
组别 | 口感佳(人数) | 口感一般(人数) | 口感差(人数) |
实施例1 | 9 | 1 | 0 |
实施例2 | 8 | 2 | 0 |
实施例3 | 9 | 1 | 0 |
实施例4 | 9 | 1 | 0 |
实施例5 | 8 | 2 | 0 |
实施例6 | 7 | 3 | 0 |
实施例7 | 8 | 2 | 0 |
对比例1 | 6 | 4 | 0 |
对比例2 | 5 | 4 | 1 |
对比例3 | 6 | 4 | 0 |
上述测试结果表明,本发明儿童奶粉口感佳,采用全乳糖配方,不含白砂糖、蔗糖,麦芽糊精、固体葡萄糖浆等,无添加香兰素等食用香精,为儿童喜爱,利于坚持服用。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已,并不用以限制本发明,凡在本发明的精神和原则之内,所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (8)
1.一种儿童奶粉,其特征在于:包括以下重量百分比原料:全脂乳粉70%~78%、脱脂乳粉13%~20%、水解乳清蛋白粉1%~6%、MFGM乳磷脂0.5%~3%、二十二碳六烯酸0.1%~1%、花生四烯酸0.2%~1%、乳双歧杆菌HN0190.03%~0.05%、低聚半乳糖5%~10%、矿物质0.1%~1%、维生素0.1%~1%、碳酸钙0.2%~1%、乳糖0.05%~0.2%。
2.如权利要求1所述的一种儿童奶粉,其特征在于:包括以下重量百分比原料:全脂乳粉75%、脱脂乳粉15%、水解乳清蛋白粉3%、MFGM乳磷脂1.5%、二十二碳六烯酸0.6%、花生四烯酸0.12%、乳双歧杆菌HN019 0.04%、低聚半乳糖7%、矿物质0.7%、维生素0.7%、碳酸钙0.13%、乳糖0.17%。
3.如权利要求1所述的一种儿童奶粉,其特征在于:乳双歧杆菌HN019的菌落总数为3.8×107~4.2×107CFU/100g。
4.如权利要求1所述的一种儿童奶粉的制备方法,其特征在于:包括以下步骤:
S1、MFGM乳磷脂的提取:将生牛乳进行巴氏杀菌后将牛乳预热至30~40℃,于5000~7000r/min离心30~50min,收集上层乳脂,用缓冲液洗涤,缓冲液与乳脂以3~7:1.2~2(V/V)混合,于6000~8000r/min离心20~40min,收集上层乳脂,将pH调节到4.0~6.0后再用蒸馏水洗涤,用截留分子量为6~8万道尔顿的超滤膜超滤,浓缩,得MFGM乳磷脂。
S2、将上述原料与步骤S1MFGM乳磷脂混合,进行巴氏杀菌后蒸发,均质,干燥得到奶粉。
5.如权利要求4所述的一种儿童奶粉的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤S1中,缓冲液为磷酸盐缓冲液。
6.如权利要求4所述的一种儿童奶粉的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤S1中,截留分子量为6~8万道尔顿的超滤膜组件形式为中空纤维膜、卷式膜或平板膜。
7.如权利要求4所述的一种儿童奶粉的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤S2中,巴氏杀菌的温度为50~70℃。
8.如权利要求4所述的一种儿童奶粉的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤S2中,均质温度40~50℃、均质压力80~100Mpa、均质时间15~30min。
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