CN110792099A - Plate lowering construction method for underground structure in reverse construction method - Google Patents
Plate lowering construction method for underground structure in reverse construction method Download PDFInfo
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- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 106
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011374 ultra-high-performance concrete Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000009435 building construction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 3
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- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001294 Reinforcing steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
- E02D29/045—Underground structures, e.g. tunnels or galleries, built in the open air or by methods involving disturbance of the ground surface all along the location line; Methods of making them
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D15/00—Handling building or like materials for hydraulic engineering or foundations
- E02D15/02—Handling of bulk concrete specially for foundation or hydraulic engineering purposes
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
- E02D5/18—Bulkheads or similar walls made solely of concrete in situ
- E02D5/187—Bulkheads or similar walls made solely of concrete in situ the bulkheads or walls being made continuously, e.g. excavating and constructing bulkheads or walls in the same process, without joints
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Abstract
The invention discloses a plate lowering construction method of an underground structure in a reverse construction method, which comprises the following steps: firstly, constructing an underground guide groove and an underground continuous wall, then constructing a column pile, installing a crane frame and a crane, superposing and placing prefabricated beam slabs of which each layer is of an integral structure, and fixing the prefabricated beam slabs by the crane; and then sequentially and layer-by-layer transferring the precast beam plates through the crane to complete the construction of all the precast beam plates, monitoring whether the precast beam plates incline or not through a plurality of pairs of laser range finders and targets arranged on the upper and lower adjacent precast beam plates in the transferring process of the precast beam plates, and adjusting the descending speed of the crane through a servo mechanism of the control terminal control crane, thereby ensuring that the precast beam plates stably descend. By adopting the construction method, the reverse construction plate lowering method construction technology and the prefabricated assembly type construction technology are combined, the construction is simple and convenient, the efficiency, the stability and the safety are higher, and the construction quality is ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a plate lowering construction method of an underground structure in a reverse construction method, and belongs to the technical field of building construction.
Background
At present, the underground structure is constructed by adopting a reverse construction method, namely the underground structure is constructed layer by layer from top to bottom, and the floor slab and the beam of the underground structure adopt a cast-in-place construction mode, so that the construction method has the following defects:
1. the interior of a construction site is closed and narrow, so that the construction of a cast-in-place structure is difficult to ensure due to the difficulties of inconvenience in erecting a template support, difficulty in erecting a template and the like; moreover, the tail gas emission of mechanical equipment in a narrow space is concentrated, the dissipation speed of toxic gas is low, and the safety of constructors is directly threatened;
2. the construction of a template support of a cast-in-place structure needs to consume a large amount of steel and wood, and except for a B0 plate, templates, reinforcing steel bars, scaffolds and the like required by the construction of underground beam-slab structures all need to be transported through a reserved narrow soil taking opening, so that the working efficiency is low, and the material can not be damaged and consumed in the transportation process;
3. after concrete pouring of the underground structure is completed, the strength can be formed after curing for a period of time, and because the underground beam slab structure in the reverse construction method is also used as a temporary horizontal support when being used as a permanent structure beam slab, construction of each floor needs to be performed after curing to the designed strength, construction of the next step can be performed, the concrete curing time occupies a large period, and the construction efficiency is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
According to the plate descending construction method of the underground structure in the reverse construction method, horizontal beams on each layer are prefabricated and form an integral structure, the beams are sequentially descended to complete construction of precast beam plates, whether the precast beam plates incline or not is monitored through a plurality of pairs of laser distance measuring instruments and targets arranged on the precast beam plates which are adjacent up and down in the process of putting the precast beam plates down, the servo mechanism of a crane is controlled through a control terminal, the descending speed of the crane is adjusted, and therefore stable descending of the precast beam plates is guaranteed. By adopting the construction method, the reverse construction plate lowering method construction technology and the prefabricated assembly type construction technology are combined, the construction is simple and convenient, the efficiency, the stability and the safety are higher, and the construction quality is ensured.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention comprises the following technical scheme:
a construction method of an underground structure in a reverse construction method, wherein the underground structure has N layers, and the construction method comprises the following steps:
s1, excavating a guide groove below the ground, and placing a prefabricated underground continuous wall in the guide groove to form an enclosure structure of a construction area; a plurality of grooves are formed in the inner side of each underground continuous wall along the height direction of the underground continuous wall, and a plurality of upright piles are driven into an underground structure construction area;
s2, placing a crane frame on the upright post pile, arranging a plurality of cranes on the crane frame, wherein every two cranes are in one group, and the positions of the cranes correspond to the positions of the precast beam plates of the underground structure;
s3, excavating a soil layer to the bottom elevation of the underground layer in the underground structure construction area, installing temporary support brackets in grooves of the underground layer, placing N superposed precast beam plates on the temporary support brackets through a crane, sequentially arranging a first layer of precast beam plate, a second layer of precast beam plate, … and an N layer of precast beam plate from top to bottom, wherein the first layer of precast beam plate is positioned at the designed elevation, and connecting nodes among the first layer of precast beam plate, an underground continuous wall and upright column piles are connected by post-cast concrete to complete construction of the top precast beam plate of the underground layer of the underground structure; the upper layer of precast beam plate and the lower layer of precast beam plate are respectively provided with a plurality of pairs of targets and laser range finders;
s4, excavating a soil layer to the elevation of the underground second layer in the construction area of the underground structure, installing temporary support brackets in the grooves of the underground second layer, descending the remaining N-1 superposed precast beam plates through a crane and placing the precast beam plates on the temporary support brackets, removing the temporary support brackets below the first layer of precast beam plates, and connecting nodes between the second layer of precast beam plates and the underground continuous wall and the vertical column piles are connected by post-cast concrete to complete the construction of the precast beam plates at the top of the underground second layer of the underground structure; during the process of descending the precast beam plate by the crane, starting the laser range finders on the underground second-layer precast beam plate, always keeping the laser of the laser range finders irradiated on the targets corresponding to the lower surface of the underground first-layer precast beam plate, and controlling the descending speed of the crane to enable the readings of each laser range finder to tend to be consistent;
and S5, repeating the step S4 to complete the construction of the three-to-five-layer top precast beam slab of the underground structure, then removing the crane and the crane frame, and pouring a large bottom plate of the underground structure.
Further, the top elevation of the temporary support bracket below the precast beam slab at the top of the ith layer of the underground structure is HLiWherein, in the step (A),
HLi＝HYi-B (N + 1-i); wherein i is 1, 2, …, N;
HYithe elevation of the top of the i-th layer of precast beam slab;
and B is the height of the precast beam slab.
Further, the precast beam plate comprises a plurality of ring beams, horizontal cross beams and floor plates, the ring beams correspond to the upright posts, the ring beams are respectively sleeved on the corresponding upright posts and are fixedly connected with the upright posts through post-pouring sections; the horizontal beam of the precast beam plate is used for connecting the adjacent ring beams and the peripheral ring beams with the underground continuous wall, and the floor plate is fixedly connected with the horizontal beam.
Furthermore, the inner side of the ring beam is provided with a dowel along the radial direction, the joint of the upright post pile and the ring beam is provided with an anti-shearing stud, and the ring beam and the upright post pile are poured by ultrahigh-performance concrete.
Furthermore, two sides of the horizontal beam are provided with horizontal anchoring steel bars which extend into the floor plate.
Further, the stand column piles are 9 and are regularly arranged in 3 rows and 3 columns, each precast beam plate comprises 9 ring beams and 24 horizontal cross beams, each ring beam is connected with 4 horizontal cross beams, and 12 peripheral horizontal cross beams are fixedly connected with the underground continuous wall.
Furthermore, N-1 corresponding grooves are formed in the inner side of each underground continuous wall along the height direction of the underground continuous wall, and one groove is formed below a connecting node between the precast beam slab from the underground layer to the underground N-1 layer and the underground continuous wall.
Furthermore, the crane frame comprises a vertical supporting rod and a horizontal supporting rod, wherein a vertical supporting rod is arranged on each upright post pile, and the horizontal supporting rod is horizontally arranged and two ends of the horizontal supporting rod are respectively fixed on the vertical supporting rod.
Further, the crane is an electric hoist.
Further, in step S4, "controlling the descending speed of the crane to make the readings of each laser rangefinder approach to be consistent" includes the following steps:
the laser range finder transmits the measured data to the control terminal;
the control terminal is preset with a deviation allowable value, calculates the mean value of the laser range finder and determines whether the reading of the laser range finder exceeds the deviation allowable value or not one by one, when the reading of the laser range finder exceeds the deviation allowable value, the control terminal automatically controls a servo mechanism of the crane, and adjusts the descending speed of the crane until the reading of the laser range finder meets the deviation allowable value.
The invention provides a construction method of an underground structure in a reverse construction method, which comprises the following steps of firstly prefabricating precast beam plates of all layers of the underground structure at one time, wherein the precast beam plate of each layer comprises a plurality of ring beams and horizontal cross beams which are connected into a whole, and all the precast beam plates are stacked together by a crane; when the beam slab is prefabricated on the top of a certain layer of the underground structure, the prefabricated beam slab is lowered down to be placed on the temporary support bracket, and the prefabricated beam slab on the uppermost layer is directly poured and fixed with the upright post pile and the underground connecting wall; and after the next layer of underground soil is excavated, carrying out beam descending operation on the rest prefabricated beam plates, thereby completing the prefabricated beam plate construction of all underground structures in sequence. Compared with the original reverse construction method of cast-in-place layer by layer, the construction method of integrally prefabricating, integrally hoisting and sequentially lowering the beams of each prefabricated beam plate of the underground structure is adopted, so that the maintenance time of the cast-in-place structure is saved, the construction efficiency is greatly improved, meanwhile, the work of erecting the template is saved, the potential safety hazard is avoided, and a large amount of resources such as steel, wood and the like are saved; and a plurality of pairs of laser range finders and targets are arranged on the upper and lower adjacent precast beam plates, whether the precast beam plate on the next layer descends steadily or not can be judged through the reading of the laser range finders, and the precast beam plates can be adjusted in time when the precast beam plates incline, so that the construction safety of the precast beam plates is improved. Therefore, the invention combines the top-down beam lowering construction technology and the prefabricated assembly type construction technology, has simple and convenient construction, more high efficiency, stability and safety, and ensures the construction quality, thereby forming a set of industrialized building construction system which can conveniently, quickly, safely and high-quality top-down construction.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view illustrating construction of a guide groove and an underground diaphragm wall;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the construction of a stud pile;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the installation of a crane frame and the construction of a top precast beam slab of an underground floor;
FIG. 4 is a bottom view of the precast beam slab;
FIG. 5 is a top view of a precast beam slab;
FIG. 6 is a partially enlarged view of a connection node of a precast beam slab and a stud pile;
fig. 7-10 are schematic diagrams of construction of top precast beam slabs from two underground layers to five underground layers respectively.
The numbers in the figures are as follows:
10-underground diaphragm wall; 11-a first groove; 12-a second groove; 13-a third groove; 14-a fourth groove; 15-temporary support of the corbel;
20-vertical column pile; 21-shear studs;
30-a crane frame; 31-a transverse strut; 32-vertical struts; 33-a crane;
40-prefabricating a beam plate; 41-ring beam; 42-horizontal beam; 43-a dowel bar; 44-floor plates; 45-laser range finder; 46-a target;
50-large bottom plate;
60-superstructure.
Detailed Description
The method for constructing the underground structure in the reverse construction method provided by the invention is further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. The advantages and features of the present invention will become more apparent in conjunction with the following description. It is to be noted that the drawings are in a very simplified form and are not to precise scale, which is provided solely for the purpose of facilitating and distinctly claiming the embodiments of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1 to 10, a method for constructing a lowering plate of an underground structure in a reverse method according to this embodiment will be further described. Wherein, the underground structure has 5 layers, from top to bottom marked as underground first layer, underground second layer, …, underground five layer. The construction method comprises the following steps:
s1, as shown in figures 1 and 2, excavating a guide groove below the ground, and placing a prefabricated underground continuous wall 10 in the guide groove to form a building enclosure of a construction area; a plurality of grooves are formed in the inner side of each underground continuous wall 10 along the height direction of the underground continuous wall, and a plurality of upright piles 20 are driven into the underground structure construction area. For example, a groove is respectively arranged below the connection node of the precast beam slab 40 from the first floor to the second floor to the underground continuous wall 10, and a first groove 11, a second groove 12, a third groove 13 and a fourth groove 14 are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, that is, no groove is arranged below the connection node of the precast beam slab 40 from the fifth floor to the underground continuous wall 10. As shown in fig. 4, in the present embodiment, the underground diaphragm wall 10 has a rectangular structure, and three rows and three columns of 9 stud piles 20 are driven into the construction area.
S2, as shown in figure 3, a crane rack 30 is arranged on the upright post 20, a plurality of cranes 33 are arranged on the crane rack 30, every two cranes 33 form a group, and the positions of the cranes 33 correspond to the positions of the precast beam plates 40 of the underground structure. The crane frame 30 comprises a vertical supporting rod 32 and a horizontal supporting rod 31, wherein one vertical supporting rod 32 is arranged on each upright post 20, the vertical supporting rod 32 is correspondingly arranged on the ground continuous wall, the horizontal supporting rod 31 is horizontally arranged, and two ends of the horizontal supporting rod 31 are respectively fixed on the vertical supporting rods 32. The hoist 33 may be, for example, an electric hoist or a hand hoist for hoisting the precast beam slab 40 of the underground structure. Referring to fig. 4, each of the 9 stud piles is provided with one vertical strut 32, each edge of the underground diaphragm wall 10 is correspondingly provided with 3 vertical struts 32, 21 vertical struts are provided, the horizontal struts 31 connect all the vertical struts into a whole, and each vertical strut 31 is provided with 2 cranes.
S3, as shown in FIG. 3 excavation soil layer to one layer of underground elevation in the underground structure construction area, every install temporary support bracket 15 on the first recess 11 of underground continuous wall 10, shelve 5 precast beam boards 40 that the coincide was placed in through loop wheel 33 on the temporary support bracket 15, 5 coincide are placed precast beam board 40 is first layer precast beam board 40, second floor precast beam board 40, …, fifth layer precast beam board 40 from top to bottom in proper order, and precast beam board includes ring beam 41, horizontal beam 42 and the floor board 43 of a body structure, and the ring beam is corresponding with the stand column pile, and horizontal beam is used for connecting adjacent ring beam and outer surrounding beam and underground continuous wall, floor board and horizontal beam fixed connection. As shown in fig. 4 to 6, each precast beam slab 40 includes 9 ring beams 41 and 24 horizontal beams 42, each ring beam 41 is connected with 4 horizontal beams 42, a horizontal beam 42 is disposed between adjacent ring beams 41, the peripheral ring beam 41 is fixedly connected with the underground continuous wall 10 through the horizontal beam 42 extending outwards, the ring beams 41 are respectively sleeved on the corresponding stud piles 20, and the connection nodes between the first precast beam slab 40 and the underground continuous wall 10 as well as the stud piles 20 are connected by post-cast concrete, thereby completing the construction of the top precast beam slab 40 of the underground structure. Wherein, the post-cast concrete is cast by ultra high performance concrete (UHPC for short), and has the advantages of high strength, fast strength rise, strong caking property and the like. As shown in fig. 4 and 5, two adjacent upper and lower layers of precast beam plates 40 are respectively provided with a plurality of pairs of laser range finders 45 and targets 46, that is, a plurality of pairs of targets and laser range finders are correspondingly provided on the lower surface of the first layer of precast beam plate and on the upper surface of the second layer of precast beam plate, a plurality of pairs of targets and laser range finders are correspondingly provided on the lower surface of the second layer of precast beam plate and on the upper surface of the third layer of precast beam plate, and the same applies to the remaining layers of precast beam plates.
S4, as shown in figure 7, excavating a soil layer to an underground second-layer elevation in the underground structure construction area, installing temporary support brackets 15 on the second grooves 12 of the underground continuous walls 10, descending the remaining 4 prefabricated beam plates 40 which are stacked through a crane 33 and laying on the temporary support brackets 15 of the underground second layer, dismantling the temporary support brackets 15 at the first grooves 11, and connecting nodes between the second-layer prefabricated beam plates 40 and the underground continuous walls 10 and the upright posts 20 are connected by post-cast concrete to complete construction of the prefabricated beam plates at the tops of the underground second layer of the underground structure; and in the process of descending the precast beam plate by adopting the crane, starting the laser range finders on the underground second-layer precast beam plate, always keeping the laser of the laser range finders irradiated on the targets corresponding to the lower surface of the underground first-layer precast beam plate, and controlling the descending speed of the crane to enable the reading of each laser range finder to tend to be consistent.
Because the prefabricated beam plate has larger size and comprises a plurality of ring beams sleeved on the upright posts and a plurality of horizontal cross beams connected with the underground continuous wall, if the descending speed of the crane is large or small, the ring beams and the upright posts and the horizontal cross beams and the underground continuous wall can collide, and the inclined prefabricated beam plate can increase the tension of some cranes, thereby generating potential safety hazards. Therefore, to ensure the descending rate of all the cranes and to stably descend the precast beam slab, for example, the measurement data of the laser range finders are transmitted to the control terminal in real time, and when the measurement value of a certain laser range finder is larger or smaller, the control terminal adjusts the servo mechanism of the crane and adjusts the descending rate of the crane, so that the readings of all the laser range finders tend to be consistent, and the precast beam slab stably descends. Furthermore, the control terminal can be used for calculating the average value of the laser distance measuring instruments, when the reading of one laser distance measuring instrument exceeds the deviation allowable value, the control terminal automatically controls the servo mechanism of the crane and adjusts the descending speed of the crane until the reading of the laser distance measuring instrument accords with the deviation allowable value.
And S5, as shown in the figures 8 to 10, repeating the step S4 to finish the construction of the top prefabricated beam slab 40 of the underground structure with three to five layers, then dismantling the crane 33 and the crane frame 30, and pouring the large bottom plate 50 of the underground structure.
The invention provides a construction method of an underground structure in a reverse construction method, firstly, prefabricating precast beam plates 40 of all layers of the underground structure at one time, wherein the precast beam plates 40 of each layer comprise a plurality of ring beams 41, horizontal cross beams 42 and floor plates 43 which are connected into a whole, and all the precast beam plates 40 are stacked together by a crane 33; when the precast beam slab 40 is constructed on the top of a certain layer of the underground structure, the precast beam slab 40 is lowered, the precast beam slab 40 is placed on the temporary support bracket 15, and the precast beam slab 40 on the uppermost layer, the upright post pile 20 and the underground connecting wall are directly poured and fixed; and after the next layer of underground soil is excavated, the rest prefabricated beam plates 40 are subjected to beam descending operation, so that the construction of all the prefabricated beam plates 40 of the underground structure is completed in sequence. Compared with the original reverse construction method of cast-in-place layer by layer, the construction method of integrally prefabricating, integrally hoisting and sequentially lowering the beams of each layer of prefabricated beam plate 40 of the underground structure is adopted, so that the maintenance time of the cast-in-place structure is saved, the construction efficiency is greatly improved, meanwhile, the work of erecting the template is saved, the potential safety hazard is avoided, and a large amount of resources such as steel materials, wood materials and the like are saved; and a plurality of pairs of laser range finders and targets are arranged on the upper and lower adjacent precast beam plates, whether the precast beam plate of the next layer descends stably or not can be judged through the reading of the laser range finders, and the precast beam plates can be adjusted in time when the precast beam plates incline, so that the construction safety of the precast beam plates is improved. Therefore, the construction method combines the reverse-construction beam-lowering construction technology and the prefabricated assembly type construction technology, is simple, convenient, efficient, stable and safe in construction, and guarantees construction quality, so that a set of industrialized building construction system capable of conveniently, quickly, safely and high-quality reverse-construction method construction is formed.
Further, the top elevation of the temporary support bracket 15 on the ith floor of the underground structure is HLiWherein H isLi＝HYi-B (N + 1-i); wherein i is 1, 2, …, N; hYiThe elevation of the top of the i-th layer of precast beam slab 40; b is the height of the precast beam panel 40. That is to say that the distance between the elevation at first layer precast beam board 40 top and the top elevation of interim support bracket 15 equals the height of 5 precast beam boards 40, makes first layer precast beam board 40 be located design elevation this moment just in time, and in a similar way, a plurality of precast beam boards 40 of shelving on the interim support bracket 15 of other each layer, the precast beam board 40 of the superiors is located the design elevation department on this layer all the time, can realize precast beam board 40's quick installation, improves the efficiency of construction. Of course, if the number of the grooves is N-1, the value i is 1, 2, …, N-1.
Further, as shown in fig. 6, the inner side of the ring beam 41 is provided with a dowel 43 along the radial direction, the joint of the upright post 20 and the ring beam 41 is provided with a shear stud 21, and the ring beam 41 and the upright post 20 are cast with ultra-high performance concrete. The connection effect between the ring beam 41 and the stud 20 can be improved by providing the stud bolts 21 and the studs 43. Furthermore, the two sides of the horizontal beam are provided with horizontal anchoring steel bars which extend into the floor plate, so that the integrity of the horizontal beam and the floor plate is improved.
The technical features of the embodiments described above may be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the embodiments described above are not described, but should be considered as being within the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A plate lowering construction method of an underground structure in a reverse construction method is characterized in that the underground structure has N layers, and the construction method comprises the following steps:
s1, excavating a guide groove below the ground, and placing a prefabricated underground continuous wall in the guide groove to form an enclosure structure of a construction area; a plurality of grooves are formed in the inner side of each underground continuous wall along the height direction of the underground continuous wall, and a plurality of upright piles are driven into an underground structure construction area;
s2, placing a crane frame on the upright post pile, arranging a plurality of cranes on the crane frame, wherein every two cranes form a group, and the position of each crane corresponds to the position of the precast beam slab of the underground structure;
s3, excavating a soil layer to the bottom elevation of the underground layer in the underground structure construction area, installing temporary support brackets in grooves of the underground layer, placing N superposed precast beam plates on the temporary support brackets through a crane, sequentially arranging a first layer of precast beam plate, a second layer of precast beam plate, … and an N layer of precast beam plate from top to bottom by the N superposed precast beam plates, wherein the first layer of precast beam plate is positioned at the designed elevation, and connecting nodes between the first layer of precast beam plate and underground continuous walls as well as upright posts are connected by post-cast concrete to complete the construction of the top precast beam plate of the underground layer of the underground structure; the upper layer of precast beam plate and the lower layer of precast beam plate are respectively provided with a plurality of pairs of targets and laser range finders;
s4, excavating a soil layer to the elevation of an underground second layer in the construction area of the underground structure, installing temporary support brackets in grooves of the underground second layer, descending the remaining N-1 superposed precast beam plates through a crane and placing the precast beam plates on the temporary support brackets, removing the temporary support brackets below the first layer of precast beam plates, and connecting joints between the second layer of precast beam plates and underground continuous walls and upright piles by post-cast concrete to complete the construction of the top precast beam plates of the underground second layer of the underground structure; during the process of descending the precast beam plate by the crane, starting the laser range finders on the underground second-layer precast beam plate, always keeping the laser of the laser range finders irradiated on the targets corresponding to the lower surface of the underground first-layer precast beam plate, and controlling the descending speed of the crane to enable the readings of each laser range finder to tend to be consistent;
and S5, repeating the step S4 to complete the construction of the three-to-five-layer top precast beam slab of the underground structure, then dismantling the crane and the crane frame, and pouring a large bottom plate of the underground structure.
2. The construction method according to claim 1, wherein the elevation of the top of the temporary support bracket under the precast beam slab at the top of the ith floor of the underground structure is HLiWherein, in the step (A),
HLi＝HYi-B (N + 1-i); wherein i is 1, 2, …, N;
HYithe elevation of the top of the i-th layer of precast beam slab;
and B is the height of the precast beam slab.
3. The construction method according to claim 1,
the precast beam plate comprises a plurality of ring beams, horizontal cross beams and floor plates, the ring beams correspond to the upright piles, and the ring beams are respectively sleeved on the corresponding upright piles and fixedly connected with the upright piles through post-pouring sections; the horizontal cross beam is used for connecting the adjacent ring beams, the peripheral ring beams and the underground continuous wall, and the floor plates are fixedly connected with the horizontal cross beam.
4. The construction method according to claim 3,
the inner side of the ring beam is provided with a dowel along the radial direction, the joint of the upright post pile and the ring beam is provided with a shear-resistant stud, and the ring beam and the upright post pile are poured by ultrahigh-performance concrete.
5. The construction method according to claim 3,
and two sides of the horizontal beam are provided with horizontal anchoring steel bars which extend into the floor plate.
6. The construction method according to claim 3,
the upright post piles are 9 and are arranged in 3 rows and 3 lines regularly, each prefabricated beam plate comprises 9 ring beams and 24 horizontal cross beams, each ring beam is connected with 4 horizontal cross beams, and 12 peripheral horizontal cross beams are fixedly connected with the underground continuous wall.
7. The construction method according to claim 1,
and N-1 corresponding grooves are formed in the inner side of each underground continuous wall along the height direction of the underground continuous wall, and one groove is formed below a connecting node between the precast beam slab from the underground layer to the underground N-1 layer and the underground continuous wall.
8. The construction method according to claim 1,
the crane frame comprises a vertical supporting rod and a horizontal supporting rod, wherein the vertical supporting rod is arranged on each upright post pile, and the horizontal supporting rod is horizontally arranged, and two ends of the horizontal supporting rod are respectively fixed on the vertical supporting rods.
9. The construction method according to claim 1, wherein the crane is an electric hoist.
10. The construction method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step of controlling the descending speed of the crane to make the reading of each laser rangefinder uniform at step S4 comprises the steps of:
the laser range finder transmits the measured data to the control terminal;
the control terminal is preset with a deviation allowable value, calculates the mean value of the laser range finder and judges whether the reading of the laser range finder exceeds the deviation allowable value one by one, when the reading of the laser range finder exceeds the deviation allowable value, the control terminal automatically controls a servo mechanism of the crane and adjusts the descending speed of the crane until the reading of the laser range finder meets the deviation allowable value.
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| CN201910777283.3A CN110792099A (en) | 2019-08-22 | 2019-08-22 | Plate lowering construction method for underground structure in reverse construction method |
| PCT/CN2020/107259 WO2021031859A1 (en) | 2019-08-22 | 2020-08-06 | Slab lowering construction method for underground structure in reverse construction method |
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| CN111058476A (en) * | 2019-08-22 | 2020-04-24 | 上海建工二建集团有限公司 | Beam lowering construction method of underground structure in reverse construction method |
| WO2021031859A1 (en) * | 2019-08-22 | 2021-02-25 | 上海建工二建集团有限公司 | Slab lowering construction method for underground structure in reverse construction method |
| CN113338333A (en) * | 2021-06-09 | 2021-09-03 | 中铁四局集团第五工程有限公司 | Quick mounting method for steel beam plate under cover-excavation top-down condition |
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| CN115198794B (en) * | 2022-07-19 | 2023-09-05 | 中铁建工集团有限公司 | Steel pipe column section reverse construction method based on cover-excavation reverse construction method deep foundation pit engineering |
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| WO2021031859A1 (en) | 2021-02-25 |
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