CN110791962A - 抗菌水刺无纺布及其制备方法 - Google Patents

抗菌水刺无纺布及其制备方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110791962A
CN110791962A CN201911075771.6A CN201911075771A CN110791962A CN 110791962 A CN110791962 A CN 110791962A CN 201911075771 A CN201911075771 A CN 201911075771A CN 110791962 A CN110791962 A CN 110791962A
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China
Prior art keywords
antibacterial
spunlace
woven fabric
water
parts
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Pending
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CN201911075771.6A
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English (en)
Inventor
奚立峰
杨盛军
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Dongguan Jinfeng Technology Co Ltd
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Dongguan Jinfeng Technology Co Ltd
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Application filed by Dongguan Jinfeng Technology Co Ltd filed Critical Dongguan Jinfeng Technology Co Ltd
Priority to CN201911075771.6A priority Critical patent/CN110791962A/zh
Priority to DE112020000414.7T priority patent/DE112020000414T5/de
Priority to PCT/CN2020/070409 priority patent/WO2021088244A1/zh
Publication of CN110791962A publication Critical patent/CN110791962A/zh
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
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    • A61P31/00—Antiinfectives, i.e. antibiotics, antiseptics, chemotherapeutics
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种抗菌水刺无纺布及其制备方法，采用纯塑胶材料（PET、PP等）或含有金属元素（锌、铜、铝、银等）的纤维丝材料制备水刺无纺布，再通过各组分配比制备的抗菌剂溶液制得抗菌水刺无纺布。本发明的抗菌水刺无纺布，配比合理，利于提升抗菌性、防霉性和吸湿性，具有透气性好等性能；制备过程中采用直接通过溶液的方式，保证抗菌和吸湿的均匀性，使得产品抗菌吸湿性能高效持久。

Description

抗菌水刺无纺布及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及纤维制品及复合材料技术领域，具体来说，涉及一种抗菌水刺无纺布及其制备方法。
背景技术
无纺布又称不织布，是由定向的或随机的纤维而构成，因具有布的外观和某些性能而称其为布，已经被广泛地应用于人们的生活中。但无纺布因其多孔式形状和高分子化合物的化学结构有利于微生物的附着，因此无纺布吸湿、抗菌功能性研究和开发有着重要的意义。
CN201810850750.6公开一种吸湿、透气、抗菌的聚氨酯合成革用水刺无纺布的制备方法，将改性椰糠产物、羧基化石墨烯片材、聚氨酯粘合剂等均匀撒在吸湿、透气的水刺用织造材料表面，对折，压平制得，在使用过程中存在局限性。
发明内容
本发明提供了一种抗菌水刺无纺布及其制备方法，提供一种具有抗菌性能持久，吸湿性强和无毒无污染的抗菌水刺无纺布。
为实现上述技术目的，本发明的技术方案是这样实现的：
一方面，本发明提供一种抗菌水刺无纺布的抗菌剂溶液，按重量份数计，包括吸水剂10～15份，整理剂5-10份，抗菌防霉剂0.5-1份，其余为水。
进一步地，所述吸水剂为聚酰胺衍生物。所述聚酰胺衍生物包括聚酰胺树脂，例如尼龙6，尼龙66等。所述吸水剂优选12份。聚酰胺树脂，具有坚韧、柔软性、结合力强，耐磨、耐油、耐水、抗酶菌，吸水性大。其中，尼龙6弹性好，冲击强度高，吸水较大；尼龙66性能优于尼龙6，强度高，耐磨性好。
进一步地，所述整理剂为聚乙酸乙烯酯，优选为7份。所述聚乙酸乙烯酯：有韧性和塑性；黏着力强，耐稀酸、稀碱；能形成坚固的涂层。
进一步地，所述抗菌防霉剂为银离子、锌离子或二氧化钛等，优选为0.8份；锌离子来源氯化锌或氧化锌。
进一步地，所述抗菌剂溶液中还包括色浆。所述色浆为绿色色浆。所述色浆为0-0.5份，优选为0.2份。
进一步地，所述抗菌剂溶液，包括聚酰胺树脂12份，聚乙酸乙烯酯7份，锌离子0.8份，色浆0.2份，其余为水。
一方面，本发明提供一种抗菌水刺无纺布的制备方法，具体步骤如下：
步骤1)将吸水剂、整理剂、抗菌防霉剂溶于水中，形成抗菌剂溶液；
步骤2)将水刺无纺布通过抗菌剂溶液中，完成后进行烘干，即得抗菌水刺无纺布。
进一步地，所述水刺无纺布的制备方式有如下几种：
方式1)采用纺粘法制备纯塑胶材料(PET、PP等)长丝纤维，将长丝纤维在成网帘上铺网，经高压水刺使得长丝纤维裂解得到超细纤维水刺无纺布；
方式2)将金属纤维网覆盖在方式1)得到的两层超细纤维无纺布之间，运用水刺法制备得到超纤复合水刺无纺布。所述金属纤维网可以是银纤维网、锌纤维网、铜纤维网、铝纤维网、碳纤维复合锌网等；
方式3)将超细纤维无纺布覆盖在方式1)得到的两层金属纤维网之间，运用水刺法制备得到超纤复合水刺无纺布。所述金属纤维网可以是银纤维网、锌纤维网、碳纤维复合锌网等。
本发明所述的含有金属元素的纤维丝材料中的金属元素包括锌、铜、铝、银等。
选用纤维经过开松、混合、交叉铺网工序制成纤维网，在拖网帘支撑下，通过水刺法，由高压水流对多层纯或复合纤维网进行穿刺，在纤维表面形成多个穿刺孔，同时使纤维网得到加固，制得水刺无纺布；水刺法中：预湿水压、水刺压力、喷射的时间、生产线速度等可根据不同无纺布产品的需求进行调控；通过在抗菌剂溶液中浸泡通过，使得无纺布的各个间隙和区域之间浸润均匀，也使得抗菌剂溶液各组分分散性更好，抗菌效果均一；采用水刺无纺布穿过抗菌剂溶液中，可以避免抗菌剂溶液中气泡的产生，也能使各组分分布均一，使无纺布的吸湿性和抗菌防霉性均匀，可有效避免烘干后无纺布孔洞内物质的沉淀。
本发明使用PET等塑胶纤维本身不含生菌发霉等有机物质；锌离子等金属元素的抗菌防霉剂的作用长久，不含有害物质；本申请制备的抗菌水刺无纺布的亲水性好，在5min左右可吸水高度至少130mm，适合滤芯等产品的技术要求，吸水率达65％以上。
进一步地，所述抗菌剂溶液制备过程如下：按重量份数计，将吸水剂10～15份，整理剂5-10份，抗菌防霉剂0.5-1份加入至75-85份水中，将混合物搅拌10分钟至溶质溶解，若有部分溶质不溶解，添加少量有机溶剂或加热，例如丙酮或乙醇加快溶解，混合溶液置于室温下制得。进一步地，根据对抗菌水刺无纺布颜色的需求，添加色浆。
进一步地，所述抗菌剂溶液制备过程如下：按重量份数计，将聚酰胺树脂10～15份，聚乙酸乙烯酯5-10份，锌离子0.5-1份加入至75-85份水中，将混合物搅拌10分钟至溶质溶解，若有部分溶质不溶解，添加少量有机溶剂或加热，例如丙酮或乙醇加快溶解，混合溶液置于室温下制得。进一步地，根据对抗菌水刺无纺布颜色的需求，添加色浆。
进一步地，步骤2)中水刺无纺布在抗菌剂溶液中通过的时间≥5秒；所述烘干的温度为80-150℃。
一方面，本发明提供一种抗菌水刺无纺布，运用本发明的方法制备得到。
制备的抗菌水刺无纺布表面覆盖有抗菌剂涂层，其中，抗菌防霉剂能够有效抑制细菌的繁殖，提高无纺布的抗菌性能，抗菌效果持久安全；吸水剂的吸水能力很好，涂覆在无纺布的表面可以增加无纺布的柔软性，耐磨，耐油，抗酶菌；现有技术中对于聚酰胺衍生物的吸水性是无益的，在本申请中利用其的吸水性增强抗菌水刺无纺布的吸水性能，克服现有偏见，具有很大的意义；整理剂附着力强，可以使抗菌涂层的各原料更好地附着于水刺无纺布的表面，提高无纺布的抗菌剂涂层的附着效果。
本申请产品与市场上含有植物纤维成分来改善亲水性的产品相比，植物纤维本身就是菌类霉类的发生因素，本申请采用纯塑胶材料(PET、PP等)、或纯塑胶材料(PET、PP等)与含金属元素的纤维结合制备无纺布能有效抑制菌类霉类的发生，完全杜绝此类问题；目前市场上很多同类产品采用不同药物制剂的方式来杀死或抑制细菌生长，而本申请通过经无防布表层覆盖抗菌剂涂层，能有效抑菌杀菌，无副作用。
有益效果：
本发明提供一种抗菌水刺无纺布及其制备方法，通过各组分配比制备的抗菌剂溶液，配比合理，利于提升抗菌性和吸湿性，具有透气性好等性能；制备过程中采用直接通过溶液的方式，保证抗菌和吸湿的均匀性，使得产品抗菌吸湿性能高效持久。
本发明运用纯塑胶纤维或塑胶纤维复合含金属元素纤维制备的抗菌水刺无纺布的吸湿性高，抗菌效果强，可用于蒸发型冷风机、加湿器、空气净化器等滤品材料。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例，对技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
除非另有定义，下文中所使用的所有专业术语与本领域技术人员通常理解的含义相同。本文中所使用的专业术语只是为了描述具体实施例的目的，并不是旨在限制本发明的保护范围。
除有特别说明，本发明中用到的各种试剂、原料均为可以从市场上购买的商品或者可以通过公知的方法制得的产品。
实施例中所有份数和百分数除另有规定外均指质量。
制备抗菌水刺无纺布的抗菌剂溶液，按重量份数计，将聚酰胺树脂10～15份，聚乙酸乙烯酯5-10份，锌离子0.5-1份加入至75-85份水中，将混合物搅拌10分钟至溶质溶解，若有部分溶质不溶解，添加少量有机溶剂，例如丙酮或乙醇加快溶解，混合溶液置于室温下制得。进一步地，根据对抗菌水刺无纺布颜色的需求，添加色浆。
实施例1
抗菌水刺无纺布的制备方法，具体步骤如下：
步骤1)按重量份数计，将聚酰胺树脂12份，聚乙酸乙烯酯7份，锌离子0.8份加入至80份水中，将混合物搅拌10分钟至溶质溶解，混合溶液置于室温下制得抗菌剂溶液；进一步地，可视情况，添加0.2份色浆；
步骤2)将PET塑胶纤维经过开松、混合、交叉铺网工序制成纤维网，在拖网帘支撑下，通过水刺法，由高压水流对纤维网进行穿刺，制备得到水刺无纺布；水刺法中：预湿水压为0.15bar，水刺压力为25bar，控制喷射的时间为1-2min，生产线速度为3.5米/分；
步骤3)将水刺无纺布浸泡通过抗菌剂溶液中，通过的时间≥5秒，完成后用热空气进行烘干，热空气的烘干温度设定为120℃，收卷包装即得抗菌水刺无纺布。
实施例2
抗菌水刺无纺布的制备方法，具体步骤如下：
步骤1)按重量份数计，将聚酰胺树脂15份，聚乙酸乙烯酯5份，锌离子0.5份加入至79.5份水中，将混合物搅拌10分钟至溶质溶解，混合溶液置于室温下制得抗菌剂溶液；进一步地，可视情况，添加0.2份色浆；
步骤2)将PP塑胶纤维或含银等金属的纤维经过开松、混合、交叉铺网工序制成PET塑胶纤维网棉或含银纤维网，在拖网帘支撑下，通过水刺法，由高压水流对复合纤维网(两层PP纤维网棉之间铺设一层含金属纤维网)进行穿刺，制备得到银复合水刺无纺布；水刺法中：预湿水压为0.15bar，水刺压力为25bar，控制喷射的时间为1-2min，生产线速度为3.5米/分；
步骤3)将银复合水刺无纺布浸泡通过抗菌剂溶液中，通过的时间≥5秒，完成后用热空气进行烘干，热空气的烘干温度设定为150℃，收卷包装即得抗菌水刺无纺布。
实施例3
抗菌水刺无纺布的制备方法，具体步骤如下：
步骤1)按重量份数计，将聚酰胺树脂10份，聚乙酸乙烯酯10份，锌离子1份加入至79份水中，将混合物搅拌10分钟至溶质溶解，混合溶液置于室温下制得抗菌剂溶液；进一步地，可视情况，添加0.2份色浆；
步骤2)将PET塑胶纤维或含金属元素(锌、铜、银、铝等)的纤维经过开松、混合、交叉铺网工序制成PET塑胶纤维网棉或含金属纤维网，在拖网帘支撑下，通过水刺法，由高压水流对复合纤维网(两层含金属纤维网之间夹铺一层塑胶纤维网棉)进行穿刺，制备得水刺无纺布；水刺法中：预湿水压为0.15bar，水刺压力为25bar，控制喷射的时间为1-2min，生产线速度为3.5米/分；
步骤3)将复合水刺无纺布浸泡通过抗菌剂溶液中，通过的时间≥5秒，完成后用热空气进行烘干，热空气的烘干温度设定为80℃，收卷包装即得抗菌水刺无纺布。
对照实施例
水刺无纺布的制备方法，具体步骤如下：
步骤1)将PET纤维经过开松、混合、交叉铺网工序制成纤维网，在拖网帘支撑下，通过水刺法，由高压水流对纤维网进行穿刺，制备得到水刺无纺布；水刺法中：预湿水压为0.15bar，水刺压力为25bar，控制喷射的时间为1-2min，生产线速度为3.5米/分；
步骤2)将水刺无纺布浸泡通过水中，通过的时间≥5秒，完成后用热空气进行烘干，热空气的烘干温度设定为120℃，收卷包装即得水刺无纺布。
效果实施例
以对比实施例的产品为对照，将实施例1、3、5所制备的产品进行如下效果比对：
1)采用GB/T461.1-2002标准测得的吸水高度。
2)采用美国AATCC100-1996标准，抑菌率计算按照下述公式：抑菌率＝(空白对照活菌数-水刺无纺布活菌数)/空白对照样活菌数，其中空白为对照实施例，经计算得到本发明的无纺材料的抑菌效果，测试菌种选取金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌、白色念珠菌、青霉菌的菌种抑菌率。
3)采用JIS Z 2911-2010日本抗霉性实验方法(纺织)测试菌种黑曲霉、桔青霉的酶种抗霉率。
4)采用消毒技术规范2002年版，进行急性吸入毒性测试和皮肤刺激性测试。
上述效果实验的结论如下表：
Figure BDA0002262388740000061
Figure BDA0002262388740000071
由上述结论比对可知，实施例1的吸水高度和抑菌率均较优，相对对照实施例，本发明的抗菌水刺无纺布吸水率和抑菌率明显具有优势，防霉方面也具有优势。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已，并不用以限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

1.一种抗菌水刺无纺布的抗菌剂溶液，其特征在于，按重量份数计，包括吸水剂10~15份，整理剂5-10份，抗菌防霉剂0.5-1份，其余为水；所述吸水剂为聚酰胺衍生物。
2.根据权利要求1所述的抗菌水刺无纺布的抗菌剂溶液，其特征在于，所述聚酰胺衍生物包括聚酰胺树脂。
3.根据权利要求1所述的抗菌水刺无纺布的抗菌剂溶液，其特征在于，所述整理剂为聚乙酸乙烯酯。
4.根据权利要求1所述的抗菌水刺无纺布的抗菌剂溶液，其特征在于，所述抗菌防霉剂为银离子、锌离子或二氧化钛。
5.根据权利要求1所述的抗菌水刺无纺布的抗菌剂溶液，其特征在于，所述抗菌剂溶液中还包括色浆。
6.根据权利要求1所述的抗菌水刺无纺布的抗菌剂溶液，其特征在于，按重量份数计，包括聚酰胺树脂12份，聚乙酸乙烯酯7份，锌离子0.8份，色浆0.2份，其余为水。
7.一种抗菌水刺无纺布的制备方法，其特征在于，具体步骤如下：
步骤1）将纯塑胶纤维或纯塑胶纤维与含金属纤维丝运用水刺法制备得到水刺无纺布；
步骤2） 将吸水剂、整理剂、抗菌防霉剂溶于水中，形成抗菌剂溶液；所述吸水剂为聚酰胺衍生物；
步骤3）将水刺无纺布通过抗菌剂溶液中，完成后进行烘干，即得抗菌水刺无纺布。
8.根据权利要求7所述的抗菌水刺无纺布的制备方法，其特征在于，所述抗菌剂溶液制备过程如下：按重量份数计，将吸水剂10~15份，整理剂5-10份，抗菌防霉剂0.5-1份加入至75-85份水中，将混合物搅拌10分钟至溶质溶解，混合溶液置于室温下制得。
9.根据权利要求7所述的抗菌水刺无纺布的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤3）中水刺无纺布在抗菌剂溶液中通过的时间≥5秒；所述烘干的温度为80-150℃。
10.一种抗菌水刺无纺布，运用权利要求7-9所述的方法制备得到。
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