CN110786325A - Method for relieving pesticide damage of fomesafen to part of deciduous trees - Google Patents
Method for relieving pesticide damage of fomesafen to part of deciduous trees Download PDFInfo
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- CN110786325A CN110786325A CN201910455638.7A CN201910455638A CN110786325A CN 110786325 A CN110786325 A CN 110786325A CN 201910455638 A CN201910455638 A CN 201910455638A CN 110786325 A CN110786325 A CN 110786325A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
- A01N25/32—Ingredients for reducing the noxious effect of the active substances to organisms other than pests, e.g. toxicity reducing compositions, self-destructing compositions
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of pesticide use, and discloses a method for relieving pesticide damage of fomesafen to partial deciduous trees, which is characterized by comprising α -naphthylacetic acid, ferrous sulfate and water, wherein the mass ratio of α -naphthylacetic acid, ferrous sulfate and water is 0.8-1.2: 40000-60000, 38-42 kg of pesticide liquid is sprayed every 667 square meters, the pesticide liquid is sprayed to lateral branches, trunk and roots of trees, partial deciduous trees refer to mulberry trees, hackberry trees, goldenrain trees, red maple, cherry blossom and crape myrtle, when a pesticide liquid is prepared, α -naphthylacetic acid is dissolved in 5-10 times of absolute alcohol, ferrous sulfate is dissolved in 5-10 times of warm water at about 60 ℃, then water is added to dilute the target concentration, the pesticide liquid is prepared immediately, and after the pesticide liquid is treated, clear water is sprayed to lateral branches, trunk and root of trees once every 3 days until the normal trunk is recovered.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of pesticide application, and particularly relates to a method for relieving the phytotoxicity of fomesafen on partial deciduous trees.
Background
The herbicide is a broad-leaved crop field herbicide with a chemical name of 5- (2-chloro- α -trifluoro-p-tolyloxy) -N-methylsulfonyl-2-nitrobenzamide, is a post-emergence herbicide for soybean and peanut fields with high selectivity, can effectively prevent and kill broad-leaved weeds in soybean and peanut fields, has a certain prevention effect on the broad-leaved weeds, has a long residual period in soil, can not be passivated in soil, can keep activity for several months, can be absorbed by roots of plants, has a certain residual weed killing effect, can not cause phytotoxicity on lower crops, but has an overlarge residual weed killing effect on lower sensitive crops such as Chinese cabbage, wheat, sorghum, corn, beet, garden, and the like, can cause phytotoxicity on upper crops during the legal application, particularly in the process of transplanting broad-leaved crops, and has great influence on the prevention and control of broad-leaved weeds in the upper crop field.
As for a method for relieving herbicide phytotoxicity, Chinese patents invented "a plant-derived herbicide safener and a method for relieving rice phytotoxicity" (patent application No. 201811277826X, publication No. CN109221213A), "a method for relieving injury of acetochlor to rice" (patent application No. 200510031844.3, No. CN1326454C), "a method for protecting rice from poisoning by acetochlor" (patent application No. 200510031845.8, No. CN100393206C), "a method for relieving poisoning by metolachlor" (patent application No. 200510031843.9, No. CN100393205C), a method for relieving the poison of amide herbicides to rice by using the extract of pricklyash peel (patent application No. 201010509639.4, publication No. CN 101965833B) discloses or authorizes the phytogenic herbicide safener for relieving the phytogenic harm of rice herbicide by using the extract of ramulus et folium Loropetali, notopterygium root, rhizoma ligustici wallichii, asarum and pricklyash peel. In recently published papers: wang civilization, method of mitigating rice herbicide phytotoxicity [ J ] southern agriculture, 2018, 12 (16): 42-44, also discloses a method for relieving the phytotoxicity of the rice herbicide, which can adopt the methods of rinsing with clear water, fertilizing with fertilizers, spraying plant growth regulators, adsorbing by using activated carbon, adding safeners and the like, wherein the safeners mainly comprise: gibberellin, benoxacor (indoleacetic acid, gibberellin) brassinolide, Aiduoshou, compound sodium nitrophenolate, etc.
However, the prior art does not disclose a method for relieving phytotoxicity of herbicide to deciduous trees, and whether the method for relieving phytotoxicity of herbicide to crops such as rice, soybean, corn and cotton can be used for relieving phytotoxicity of herbicide to deciduous trees is not determined, so that the method for relieving phytotoxicity of herbicide to partial deciduous trees is found by taking fomesafen as an experimental material, and has certain practical significance for solving specific problems in production practice and construction of agricultural production and landscaping engineering.
Disclosure of Invention
The method is characterized by comprising α -naphthylacetic acid, ferrous sulfate and water, wherein the mass ratio of α -naphthylacetic acid, ferrous sulfate and water is 0.8-1.2: 40000-60000, 38-42 kg of liquid medicine is sprayed to lateral branches, trunks and roots of trees, part of deciduous trees refer to mulberry trees, hackberry trees, goldenrain trees, red maple, flowering cherry and crape myrtle, when liquid medicine is prepared, α -naphthylacetic acid is dissolved by 5-10 times of anhydrous alcohol, ferrous sulfate is dissolved by 5-10 times of warm water at about 60 ℃, then water is added to dilute the liquid medicine to a target concentration, the liquid medicine is prepared, and clear water is sprayed to lateral branches, trunks and roots of trees once every 3 days after liquid medicine treatment until the trunks are recovered to be normal.
The related chemical agents used in the invention are a test herbicide 'fomesafen', the content of active ingredients is 250g/L, the trade name is 'Liangcao Fei A', the product of Shandong Qiao chemical Limited is 'Liangfei', the registration of pesticides is No. PD20091193, the production approval document is No. XK 13-200-.
The test method of the invention refers to the pesticide field efficacy test criterion 1: the weed killer has little improvement in preventing and controlling weeds in orchards (GB/T17980.44-2000). The dosage of the herbicide diluent in each community in the test is 300kg/hm2. When the pesticide is applied, the front surfaces of deciduous trees and weeds are uniformly sprayed with moisture, the pesticide liquid does not drip, and the pesticide liquid is not sprayed again or is not sprayed in a leakage manner.
Reference is made to the reference literature for a test method for monitoring the phytotoxicity of fomesafen on deciduous trees: korean celebration, et al. ornamental chinese rose field block weed chemical control test [ J ] weed science, 2015, 33 (1): 57-60, diluting fomesafen at a ratio of 1: 400, uniformly treating test trees and weeds, uniformly spraying the prepared pesticide to the whole trees by using a handheld sprayer every 24 hours according to the test design, wherein each pesticide treats 10 trees in each cell, the treatment is repeated for 3 times, the cells are randomly arranged, and the pesticide damage condition is observed every 24 hours. In order to save the test cost, seedlings with the diameter at breast height of less than 2CM and the height of about 1.5M are selected for the simulated phytotoxicity test, and the influence of fomesafen on the trees is recorded by a grading recording method. The effect on the leaf is normal at level 0, marked as "0", level 1 leaf shrinkage, marked as "+", level 2 leaf shrinkage and edge curl, marked as "+", level 3 leaf shrinkage and edge wither, marked as "+ + +", and more than half of the level 4 leaf wither, marked as "+ + + + +". During the test, if the flowering period is positive, the influence on the flowers is recorded, wherein the grade 0 is normal and is recorded as '0', the grade 1 is flower shrinkage and is recorded as '+', the grade 2 is flower shrinkage and is light in color and is recorded as '+ +', the grade 3 is flower shrinkage and is withered at the edge and is recorded as '+ + + +', more than half of the area of the grade 4 is withered and is recorded as '+ + + + + + + +', and a blank control is arranged.
The invention is applied to two standard sections of a production practice test point, which are mainly arranged in a Nahai road garden road greening and lifting project and a south loop north greening and lifting project in a new region in the south of a salt city. The method is mainly applied to 20CM breast diameter bush trees with fomesafen residues, 8CM breast diameter cherry blossoms, 12CM breast diameter goldenrain trees and 6CM breast diameter red maples, and the phytotoxicity condition is observed every other day.
The variance analysis method is adopted to analyze the difference between treatments, and percentage data related in a table are subjected to arcsine conversion (Sin)-1V.x) and statistical analysis. The relevant calculation formula is:
the phytotoxicity index is 100 × (0 × 0 grade of strains +1 × 1 grade of strains +2 × 2 grade of strains +3 × 3 grade of strains +4 × 4 grade of strains)/4 × total number of strains examined
Phytotoxicity relief effect (%) (phytotoxicity index of control zone-phytotoxicity index of treatment zone)/phytotoxicity index of control zone × 100
Effect of the same plant, different agents on the Effect of reducing fomesafen phytotoxicity (see Table 1)
TABLE 1 Effect of different agents on the alleviation of fomesafen phytotoxicity from the same plant
Note: the mulberry seedlings of 711 varieties with the breast diameter of 1.5CM for experimental materials have the same letter representation and have no significant difference on the 0.05 level after the same column of data in the table (the same remarks are made in the following table), and the acquisition time of the experimental data in the table is 5 months in 2018.
As can be seen from the data in Table 1, α -naphthylacetic acid, indoleacetic acid, gibberellin, brassinolide, monopotassium phosphate, triacontanol, urea, ferrous sulfate and the like with low concentration all have certain relieving effect on fomesafen phytotoxicity, but α -naphthylacetic acid is the best, ferrous sulfate, indoleacetic acid, gibberellin and brassinolide are the second time, no significant difference exists among medicines, and monopotassium phosphate, triacontanol and urea are relatively poor.
The influence of the same plant and different agents on the phytotoxicity-relieving effect of fomesafen (see Table 2)
The effect of the same plant, the same chemical, and different concentrations of the chemical on the efficacy of fomesafen relief (see Table 3)
TABLE 2 phytotoxicity-relieving effect of the same plant and different chemical agents
Note: the experimental data acquisition time of the mulberry seedlings of 711 varieties with the material for experiments being 1.5CM breast diameter is 2018 and 5 months as in the table 1.
As can be seen from the results in Table 2, the ratio of α -naphthylacetic acid to ferrous sulfate to water is 1: 50000, the best effect of alleviating phytotoxicity is achieved, the ratio of indoleacetic acid to ferrous sulfate to water is 1: 50000, the effect of the formula is inferior, and the effect of alleviating phytotoxicity between other formulas is not obviously different.
TABLE 3 Effect of the same plant, the same chemical, and different chemical concentrations on the alleviation of fomesafen phytotoxicity
Note: the material for the experiment was 2CM breast diameter goldenrain tree sapling. The experimental data was obtained in 2018 for 10 months.
As can be seen from the results in Table 3, the dilution ratio of α -naphthylacetic acid, ferrous sulfate and water is 1: 50000, the best effect of alleviating the drug injury of fomesafen is achieved, and no obvious effect of alleviating the drug injury of fomesafen is achieved when the dilution ratio is too large or too small.
Effect of different plants, same chemical, same concentration on the Effect of reducing fomesafen phytotoxicity (see Table 4) the same plant, same chemical, same concentration, different later management methods on the Effect of reducing fomesafen phytotoxicity (see Table 5)
TABLE 4 Effect of different plants, same drug and same concentration on the alleviation of fomesafen phytotoxicity
Note that the medicament used in the test is α -naphthylacetic acid, ferrous sulfate and water, the proportion is 1: 50000, the data in the table indicates that the difference between the data and the control is significant on the level of 0.01, and the experimental data in the table is acquired in 2018 from 9 months to 10 months.
As can be seen from the data in Table 4, the formulations of the present invention have good phytotoxicity-relieving effects on several tall arbor trees such as mulberry, hackberry, goldenrain, cherry blossom, red maple, etc., which are sensitive to fomesafen.
As seen from the data in Table 5, after the treatment of the agent, if the water is sprayed to the tree trunk of the arbor once every three days on a continuous sunny day, the effect of relieving the fomesafen phytotoxicity by the treetop is better, and the excessive and insufficient water spraying times are all unfavorable for relieving the fomesafen phytotoxicity.
The method is applied to a new area Nahai road garden major greening lifting project in a salt city and two standard sections for south loop north greening lifting, small-area production pilot tests are carried out during construction, the method is mainly implemented on four sub-items of 20CM breast-diameter quartered hackberry trees with fomesafen residues, 8CM breast-diameter cherry blossoms, 12CM breast-diameter goldenrain trees and 5CM breast-diameter red maples, the implementation scheme is that field blocks with fomesafen residues in suspected soil are planted, α -naphthylacetic acid, ferrous sulfate and water are sprayed on the whole plants on the second day of high-dry trees, the ratio of the liquid medicines is 1: 50000, if the field blocks are sprayed with water once every 3 days in case of continuous sunny days, the field blocks without pesticide application are used for comparison, and the arbor is implemented according to investigation data in a table 6, so that the pesticide damage of the fomesafen is effectively relieved.
TABLE 5 Effect of different post-management modes on fomesafen phytotoxicity relief
The experimental medicament is α -naphthylacetic acid, ferrous sulfate and water in the ratio of 1: 50000, and the experimental material is 2CM breast-height, late cherry sapling.
Table 6: pilot test effect survey
Note: the test time is 3-5 months in 2019.
In conclusion, α -naphthylacetic acid, heteroauxin, gibberellin, brassinolide, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, triacontanol, urea, ferrous sulfate and the like which have low concentration have a certain effect of relieving phytotoxicity caused by fomesafen, but α -naphthylacetic acid is the best, and ferrous sulfate, heteroauxin, gibberellin and brassinolide are the next time, the compounding of medicaments has a certain synergistic effect on relieving phytotoxicity of herbicides, and α -naphthylacetic acid, ferrous sulfate and water are mixed in a ratio of 1: 50000' to have the best effect of relieving phytotoxicity and are superior to other formulas.
Detailed Description
In the embodiment 1, α -naphthylacetic acid raw powder 0.8 g and ferrous sulfate raw powder 0.8 g are respectively prepared into small packaged medicaments as 667 square meters of application dosage for alleviating fomesafen phytotoxicity in a field block for standby, when in use, α -naphthylacetic acid raw powder is dissolved by 4 milliliters of absolute alcohol, then ferrous sulfate is dissolved by 4 milliliters of water at about 60 ℃, 40 kilograms of neutral water with the pH value of 7.0-7.6 is added after mixing, the mixture is used as it is, the mixture is directly sprayed on the main stem, lateral branches and roots of arbor, and when meeting continuous sunny days, water is poured on the whole arbor every 3 days until the arbor returns to normal.
Example 2, α -naphthylacetic acid raw powder 0.4 g and ferrous sulfate raw powder 0.4 g are respectively prepared into small packaged medicaments as 667 square meters of application dosage for alleviating fomesafen phytotoxicity in a field block for standby, when in use, 4 ml of absolute ethyl alcohol is firstly taken to dissolve α -naphthylacetic acid raw powder, 4 ml of water with the temperature of about 60 ℃ is then taken to dissolve ferrous sulfate, 40 kg of neutral water with the pH value of 7.0-7.6 is added after mixing, the mixture is used as the present preparation, the mixture is directly sprayed on the main stem, the lateral branches and the roots of the arbor, and the arbor is watered once every 3 days until the normal state is recovered.
Claims (3)
1. A method for relieving phytotoxicity of fomesafen to partial deciduous trees is characterized by comprising α -naphthylacetic acid, ferrous sulfate and water, wherein the mass ratio of α -naphthylacetic acid, ferrous sulfate and water is 0.8-1.2: 40000-60000, the pesticide liquid is sprayed for 38-42 kg per 667 square meters, and the pesticide liquid is sprayed to lateral branches, trunks and roots of trees, and partial deciduous trees refer to mulberry trees, goldenrain trees, red maples, cherry blossoms and lagerstroemia indica.
2. The method for relieving the phytotoxicity of fomesafen on partial deciduous trees according to claim 1, wherein α -naphthylacetic acid is dissolved in 5-10 times of anhydrous alcohol, ferrous sulfate is dissolved in 5-10 times of warm water at about 60 ℃, and then water is added to dilute the solution to a target concentration, so that the solution is ready for use.
3. The method for alleviating the phytotoxicity of fomesafen on part of deciduous trees according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that: if the agent is treated on a continuous sunny day, the side branches, the trunk and the roots of the arbor are sprayed with clear water once every 3 days until the arbor returns to normal.
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