CN110761759A - Testing device for foam oil displacement effect of fracture-cavity type bottom water reservoir - Google Patents
Testing device for foam oil displacement effect of fracture-cavity type bottom water reservoir Download PDFInfo
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims description 47
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000008398 formation water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003129 oil well Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005325 percolation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000033558 biomineral tissue development Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009499 grossing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011548 physical evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/16—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B49/00—Testing the nature of borehole walls; Formation testing; Methods or apparatus for obtaining samples of soil or well fluids, specially adapted to earth drilling or wells
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Abstract
The invention provides a testing device for a fracture-cavity type bottom water reservoir foam oil displacement effect, which comprises a fracture model and a displacement system connected with the fracture model, wherein the displacement system can realize the flow separation of a fracture and a matrix, the operation is simple and convenient, the simulation degree is high, and the model can be repeatedly utilized. The method has the advantages of realization of fracture and matrix shunting, simple and convenient operation, high simulation degree, model reutilization, and suitability for physical simulation of low-permeability fractured reservoir.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of oil and gas experiments, in particular to a testing device for a foam oil displacement effect of a fracture-cavity type bottom water reservoir.
Background
The types of the storage space of the fracture-cavity oil reservoir comprise a fracture type, a fracture-hole type and a fracture-solution-hole type. The oil-containing property of the fracture-hole type and fracture-karst cave type reservoirs is superior, the fracture-cave system has extremely strong heterogeneity, and the communication relationship between the interior of the reservoir and the reservoir is complex. The existence of the cracks can reduce the actual effective distance between injection wells and production wells, so that a large amount of injected water flows along the cracks as seepage channels of a main flow line, the sweep efficiency of the injected water in an oil layer is low, the water breakthrough time of an oil well is advanced, the water content is accelerated, even part of cracks are directly communicated with the oil-water well, the sudden flooding phenomenon is caused, and the oil well is directly shut down and stops production. The method is unfavorable for development of the fracture-cavity bottom water reservoir, and the target well for on-site profile control treatment is also worked against the unfavorable factors.
The performance evaluation of the profile control system is an important work content of indoor experiments, and comprises physicochemical indexes, gel forming rule, gel forming strength, temperature resistance, salt resistance, shearing resistance, compatibility and aging dehydration characteristics of the profile control agent, and core displacement tests for evaluating the breakthrough pressure, plugging and rheological characteristics of the profile control agent and the like. The evaluation parameters can ideally screen and evaluate a more appropriate profile control agent and process measures for general oil reservoir conditions (mainly oil layer temperature, formation water mineralization and the like). But the research on the corresponding physical evaluation model of the low-permeability fractured reservoir is less, mainly the simulation degree of the physical model is lower, and the evaluation and the research of the corresponding profile control agent in the model are almost not carried out.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to comprehensively solve the problems, particularly aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides the testing device for the foam oil displacement effect of the fracture-cavity type bottom water reservoir, which can realize the flow separation of the fracture and the matrix, is simple and convenient to operate, has high simulation degree, can repeatedly utilize a model, and is suitable for the physical simulation of the low-permeability fracture reservoir. In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical means:
a testing device for a fracture-cavity type bottom water reservoir foam oil displacement effect comprises a fracture model and a displacement system connected with the fracture model, wherein the displacement system comprises an injection pump system connected with a cage system injection pipe of the fracture model, a vacuum pump connected with an exhaust port of the fracture model, a manual pump connected with a confining pressure inlet of the fracture model, and an electronic balance corresponding to a fracture outlet pipe and a matrix outlet pipe of the fracture model, and the electronic balance is connected with a computer through a data collector; the injection pump system comprises an injection pump, the injection pump is connected with a water tank and a working liquid tank, water and working liquid in the water tank and the working liquid tank are connected with the injection pipe of the system through a mixing pipe, and a pressure gauge is arranged on the mixing pipe.
Further, the crack model is arranged in the constant temperature box
Further, the crack model comprises a hollow holder barrel, a rubber barrel arranged in the barrel, a rock core formed by an upper semi-cylindrical rock and a lower semi-cylindrical rock arranged in the center of the rubber barrel, a left plug and a right plug arranged at two ends of the rock core, and a rubber pad arranged between the left plug and the rock core, wherein a left press cap and a right press cap for fastening the plugs are arranged on the barrel, taper sleeves corresponding to the left plug, the right plug and the rubber barrel are arranged on the inner sides of the left press cap and the right press cap, the taper sleeves are in sealing connection with the inner wall of the barrel through rubber rings, a plug pipe corresponding to the right end face of the right plug is arranged in the right press cap, a cage injection pipe is arranged in the plug pipe, the inner side end of the cage injection pipe penetrates through the right plug and is communicated with the crack of the rock core, a crack outlet pipe with the inner side end communicated with the crack of the rock core and a substrate outlet pipe with the crack of the rock core are arranged, the outer side ends of the injection pipe, the crack outlet pipe and the matrix outlet pipe of the cage system are respectively provided with a manual regulating valve, a ring pressure cavity is formed between the rubber cylinder and the cylinder body, a confining pressure inlet and an exhaust port which are communicated with the ring pressure cavity are formed in the cylinder body, and the cylinder body is connected with a support frame.
Further, a left plug is arranged at the left end of the core, and a left pressing cap is arranged at the left end of the left plug; a space formed among the left plug, the left pressing cap, the rubber barrel and the barrel is internally provided with a taper sleeve, the right end of the core is provided with a right plug, and the right end of the right plug is provided with a right pressing cap; and a space formed among the right plug, the right pressing cap, the rubber barrel and the barrel body is internally provided with a taper sleeve.
Furthermore, the left pressing cap and the right pressing cap are in threaded fastening connection with the outer wall of the cylinder body.
Furthermore, the end plug pipe is in threaded connection with the inner wall of the right pressing cap.
Furthermore, a gasket corresponding to the core crack is arranged in the core formed by the two semi-cylindrical rocks.
Furthermore, the rock core is made of natural volcanic rock.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention has simple structure, can realize the shunting of the crack and the matrix, has simple and convenient operation, high simulation degree and reusable model.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a detailed structure of the fracture model of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the connection structure of the cylinder and the supporting frame of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a core processing fracture of the present disclosure;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the placement of the spacers and filling of the cracks according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the present embodiment provides a testing apparatus for testing a foam flooding effect of a fracture-cavity type bottom water reservoir, including a fracture model, and a displacement system connected to the fracture model, where the displacement system includes an injection pump system connected to an injection pipe of the fracture model, a vacuum pump connected to an exhaust port of the fracture model, a manual pump connected to a confining pressure inlet of the fracture model, and an electronic balance corresponding to a fracture outlet pipe and a matrix outlet pipe of the fracture model, and the electronic balance is connected to a computer through a data collector; the injection pump system comprises an injection pump, the injection pump is connected with a water tank and a working liquid tank, water and working liquid in the water tank and the working liquid tank are connected with the injection pipe of the system through a mixing pipe, and a pressure gauge is arranged on the mixing pipe.
Wherein the crack model is arranged in an incubator.
The crack model comprises a hollow holder barrel 1, a rubber barrel 2 arranged in the barrel, a rock core 3 formed by an upper semi-cylindrical rock and a lower semi-cylindrical rock arranged at the center of the rubber barrel 2, a left plug 4 and a right plug 5 arranged at two ends of the rock core, and a rubber pad 6 arranged between the left plug and the rock core, wherein the barrel is provided with a left press cap 7 and a right press cap 8 for fastening the plugs, the inner sides of the left press cap 7 and the right press cap 8 are provided with taper sleeves 9 corresponding to the left plug 4, the right plug 5 and the rubber barrel 2, the taper sleeves 9 are hermetically connected with the inner wall of the barrel 1 through rubber rings 10, a plug pipe 11 corresponding to the right end face of the right plug is arranged in the right press cap 8, a cage injection pipe 12 is arranged in the plug pipe, the inner side end of the cage injection pipe 12 penetrates through the right plug 5 to be communicated with the crack of the rock core, a crack outlet pipe 13 with the inner side end of the rock core crack and the inner side end of the left The device comprises a matrix outlet pipe 14 communicated with a core crack, wherein the outer ends of an injection pipe, the crack outlet pipe and the matrix outlet pipe of the whole system are respectively provided with a manual regulating valve 15, a ring pressure cavity 16 is formed between a rubber cylinder and a cylinder body, a confining pressure inlet 17 and an exhaust port 18 communicated with the ring pressure cavity are arranged on the cylinder body, the cylinder body 1 is connected with a support frame 19, a fixing ring 1901 corresponding to the cylinder body 1 is arranged on the support frame 19, and the fixing ring 1901 is welded and fixed with the outer wall of the cylinder body 1.
A left plug 4 is arranged at the left end of the rock core 3, and a left pressing cap 7 is arranged at the left end of the left plug 4; a space formed among the left plug 4, the left pressing cap 7, the rubber barrel 2 and the barrel 1 is internally provided with a taper sleeve 9, the right end of the rock core 3 is provided with a right plug 5, and the right end of the right plug 5 is provided with a right pressing cap 8; and a taper sleeve 9 is arranged in a space formed among the right plug 5, the right pressing cap 8, the rubber barrel 2 and the barrel body 1.
And the left pressing cap 7 and the right pressing cap 8 are in threaded fastening connection with the outer wall of the barrel 1.
The end blocking pipe 11 is in threaded connection with the inner wall of the right pressing cap.
And a gasket corresponding to the crack of the rock core is arranged in the rock core formed by the two semi-cylindrical rocks.
The rock core is made of natural volcanic rock.
The model parameters of the embodiment are as follows: the inner diameter phi is 105mm, the maximum core placing length L200mm, the pressure resistance is 50MPa, and the temperature resistance is 150 ℃.
The core is made of natural volcanic rock. The volcanic rock is drilled and ground into a rock core column with the diameter phi of about 100mm and the length L150mm, and the rock core column is axially cut into two halves to form cracks. Pressure-resistant gaskets with different thicknesses d and widths W are put into the middle cracks to simulate the cracks with different widths W and areas H multiplied by L.
Placing gaskets with different thicknesses d in the core cracks so as to change the width W parameter of the cracks;
changing the width w of the gasket, thereby changing the seam height H parameter of the crack;
processing the gasket into a bent arc shape and a folded shape to simulate a bent crack and a folded crack;
the rock core is split along the axial direction to form a crack surface, gaskets with different dimensions are clamped into the split rock core to serve as supports, the slotted rock core is arranged in the multifunctional rock core holder of the embodiment, due to the existence of confining pressure, the confining pressure is increased by introducing compressed gas from a confining pressure hole, a confining pressure inlet is connected with a compressed gas pipe during pressurization, an exhaust port is normally closed, an exhaust port cover is opened during pressure relief to relieve the pressure, the width W of a crack under the confining pressure condition is enabled to be unequal to the thickness d of the gasket, and therefore under the premise of the determined initial crack width of the gasket thickness, the crack width of a weak gel plugging crack model during working is quantized by utilizing a parallel plate flow theory.
The flow in the cracks is regarded as the flow between the parallel plates, and the liquid flow rate of the cracks per unit length on the percolation end face is known from the Buxinke equation:
wherein the flow rate of the liquid in the fracture per unit length in the q-z direction is (cm 3/s)/cm;
μ -dynamic viscosity of liquid, mPa · s;
w is the width of the crack, cm;
dp/dx-pressure gradient, MPa/cm.
Total length of fracture H (height of fracture) on the face, then the liquid flow through all fractures on the rock face is:
converted into a slit width:
in the test process, the following components are taken:
the following can be obtained:
after the crack width is obtained, the equivalent permeability of the crack can be obtained by utilizing Darcy's theorem, and then the expression (3-10) of the crack permeability can be obtained by combining the vertical type (3-5) and the vertical type (3-9). Wherein fracture porosity is the product of the internal seam height H per percolation area and the seam width W, wherein:
kf-crack equivalent permeability, μm 2;
Φ f-crack porosity, decimal fraction.
The corresponding values of the gasket thickness and the average width of the cracks under different confining pressure conditions can be obtained by the formula (3-8) as shown in the following table.
The fluid viscosity is 1455 mPa.s polymer HPAM solution, and the core is the core with the lowest permeability.
According to the calculated data of the thickness of the gasket and the crack, the width of the crack is smaller than that of the gasket under different confining pressure conditions, which shows that in the process of loading confining pressure, the contact surface of the gasket and the rock core and the crack surface of the rock core are extruded, attached and deformed, and the width of the crack is 0.09-1.12mm, and belongs to the crack in the macroscopic category, which is similar to the natural crack and the crack compression scale which cause rapid water content rise in the XF oil field, therefore, the crack scale and the matrix permeability of the crack model of the embodiment are both similar to the actual XF oil field, and therefore, the crack model has ideal simulation conditions. Meanwhile, the height H of the crack in the model can be changed by using gaskets with different widths, so that the area H multiplied by L of the whole crack is changed; and the use of the core and the gasket can simulate cracks with different lengths and cracks with different shapes. In addition, in the test process, when the working pressure is close to the confining pressure, the confining pressure can be increased, so that when the displacement test is researched, the confining pressure is higher than the working pressure by 2-4MPa, the confining pressure fluctuation can be reduced, the test condition can be controlled, the injection pipe 12, the crack outlet pipe 13 and the matrix outlet pipe 14 are used for carrying out the displacement test, and the test comprises the following steps
(1) Vacuumizing a core to saturate and simulate formation water, cutting the core into two halves, flattening and smoothing a seam surface, clamping gaskets with different sizes according to test requirements, and simulating an oil layer crack;
(2) installing a test flow, closing the matrix and the crack outlet end, keeping the temperature constant for 4-5h at 60 ℃, and testing the sealing property of the model;
(3) opening the outlet end of the crack, and injecting water into the flow at the rate of 0.5mL/min by using a constant flow pump;
(4) injecting a certain amount of weak gel system at the same flow rate, closing the inlet and outlet ends, cleaning the colloid in the pipeline, and gelatinizing for 16h at 60 ℃;
(5) opening the inlet end and the crack outlet end, closing the matrix outlet end, and injecting subsequent water at the same flow rate;
(6) recording the pressure change in the process;
(7) if the influence of different gelling laws of weak gel on the plugging pressure is carried out, firstly gelling is carried out in the intermediate container, then the weak gel which is fully gelled is injected into the process, and the water injection pressure is recorded.
The flow separation of the cracks and the matrix can be realized, and the research on the flow rule and the plugging capability of weak gel in the cracks has important theoretical value and practical production significance for improving the plugging effect and the effect of the cracks, particularly the foam flooding development effect; the model core can be taken out for reuse.
The present invention is illustrated by way of example and not by way of limitation. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that other variations and modifications may be made in the foregoing disclosure without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of all embodiments, and that all changes and modifications apparent from the above teachings are within the scope of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. A testing device for the foam oil displacement effect of a fracture-cavity type bottom water reservoir is characterized by comprising a fracture model and a displacement system connected with the fracture model, wherein the displacement system comprises an injection pump system connected with a cage system injection pipe of the fracture model, a vacuum pump connected with an exhaust port of the fracture model, a manual pump connected with a confining pressure inlet of the fracture model, and an electronic balance corresponding to a fracture outlet pipe and a matrix outlet pipe of the fracture model, and the electronic balance is connected with a computer through a data collector; the injection pump system comprises an injection pump, the injection pump is connected with a water tank and a working liquid tank, water and working liquid in the water tank and the working liquid tank are connected with the injection pipe of the system through a mixing pipe, and a pressure gauge is arranged on the mixing pipe.
2. The device for testing the foam flooding effect of the fracture-cavity type bottom water reservoir of claim 1, wherein the fracture model is arranged in a constant temperature box.
3. The device for testing the foam oil displacement effect of the fracture-cavity type bottom water reservoir according to claim 1, wherein the fracture model comprises a hollow holder cylinder, a rubber cylinder arranged in the cylinder, a rock core consisting of an upper semi-cylindrical rock and a lower semi-cylindrical rock placed in the center of the rubber cylinder, a left plug and a right plug arranged at two ends of the rock core, and a rubber pad arranged between the left plug and the rock core, the cylinder is provided with a left press cap and a right press cap for fastening the plugs, the inner sides of the left press cap and the right press cap are provided with taper sleeves corresponding to the left plug, the right plug and the rubber cylinder, the taper sleeves are hermetically connected with the inner wall of the cylinder through rubber rings, a plug pipe corresponding to the right end face of the right plug is arranged in the right press cap, a cage system injection pipe is arranged in the plug pipe, and the inner side end of the cage system injection pipe passes through the right plug and is communicated with the rock core fracture, the left plug is internally provided with a crack outlet pipe with an inner side end communicated with a rock core crack and a matrix outlet pipe with an inner side end extending into the rock core and not communicated with the rock core crack, the outer side ends of the injection pipe, the crack outlet pipe and the matrix outlet pipe of the cage system are respectively provided with a manual regulating valve, a ring pressure cavity is formed between the rubber barrel and the barrel body, a confining pressure inlet and an exhaust port which are communicated with the ring pressure cavity are arranged on the barrel body, and the barrel body is connected with a support frame.
4. The testing device for the foam flooding effect of the fracture-cavity type bottom water reservoir according to claim 3, wherein a left plug is arranged at the left end of the core, and a left pressing cap is arranged at the left end of the left plug; a space formed among the left plug, the left pressing cap, the rubber barrel and the barrel is internally provided with a taper sleeve, the right end of the core is provided with a right plug, and the right end of the right plug is provided with a right pressing cap; and a space formed among the right plug, the right pressing cap, the rubber barrel and the barrel body is internally provided with a taper sleeve.
5. The testing device for the foam flooding effect of the fracture-cavity type bottom water reservoir of claim 3, wherein the left pressing cap and the right pressing cap are in threaded fastening connection with the outer wall of the cylinder body.
6. The device for testing the foam flooding effect of the fracture-cavity type bottom water reservoir of claim 3, wherein the plug pipe is in threaded connection with the inner wall of the right pressure cap.
7. The device for testing the foam flooding effect of the fracture-cavity type bottom water reservoir according to claim 3, wherein a gasket corresponding to a core fracture is arranged in a core formed by the two semicylindrical rocks.
8. The testing device for the foam flooding effect of the fracture-cavity type bottom water reservoir according to claim 3, wherein the core is made of natural volcanic rock.
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| CN201910905093.5A CN110761759A (en) | 2019-09-24 | 2019-09-24 | Testing device for foam oil displacement effect of fracture-cavity type bottom water reservoir |
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Cited By (2)
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| CN114109326A (en) * | 2020-08-25 | 2022-03-01 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Fractured compact reservoir physical model and application thereof |
| CN114427997A (en) * | 2020-09-25 | 2022-05-03 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Method for manufacturing fracture-cave core model, fracture-cave core model and water flooding experiment method |
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Application publication date: 20200207 |