CN110761243A - Buoyancy type geomembrane device for preventing dam breaking due to overtopping - Google Patents
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001154 acute effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000009991 scouring Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000009182 swimming Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
- E02B3/06—Moles; Piers; Quays; Quay walls; Groynes; Breakwaters ; Wave dissipating walls; Quay equipment
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
- E02B3/06—Moles; Piers; Quays; Quay walls; Groynes; Breakwaters ; Wave dissipating walls; Quay equipment
- E02B3/062—Constructions floating in operational condition, e.g. breakwaters or wave dissipating walls
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A10/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE at coastal zones; at river basins
- Y02A10/11—Hard structures, e.g. dams, dykes or breakwaters
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种预防漫顶溃坝的浮力式土工膜装置，上游面一侧的坝顶上设置有挡浪墙，挡浪墙迎水面的侧壁上固设有矩形槽，矩形槽的长度方向与挡浪墙的高度方向平行，靠近矩形槽顶端的侧壁上开设有若干个进水孔，矩形槽内设置有浮球；浮球下端与耐腐蚀金属丝的一端连接，矩形槽的底部固连有PVC管的一端，PVC管的另一端位于坝顶内，且另一端贯穿坝顶，伸出坝顶的下游面侧壁，耐腐蚀金属丝的另一端穿过PVC管，伸出坝顶的下游面侧壁，与支架连接。本发明安装在防浪墙下方，在发生漫顶时自动展开土工膜保护坝顶和下游面不被冲刷，大大减少了坝体受到的冲刷破坏，减小溃坝的可能性，延长小型土石坝使用寿命。
The invention discloses a buoyancy-type geomembrane device for preventing dam collapse from overflowing top. A wave retaining wall is arranged on the dam crest on the upstream side, and a rectangular groove is fixed on the side wall of the water-facing side of the wave retaining wall. The length direction is parallel to the height direction of the wave retaining wall, a number of water inlet holes are opened on the side wall near the top of the rectangular groove, and a floating ball is arranged in the rectangular groove; the lower end of the floating ball is connected to one end of the corrosion-resistant wire, and the rectangular groove The bottom is fixed with one end of the PVC pipe, the other end of the PVC pipe is located in the dam crest, and the other end penetrates the dam crest and protrudes from the downstream side wall of the dam crest, and the other end of the corrosion-resistant wire passes through the PVC pipe and protrudes out. The side wall of the downstream face of the dam crest is connected with the bracket. The invention is installed under the wave-proof wall, and automatically deploys the geomembrane to protect the dam crest and downstream surface from being scoured when flooding occurs, greatly reduces the scouring damage to the dam body, reduces the possibility of dam failure, and prolongs the development of small earth-rock dams. service life.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及土工膜技术领域，具体涉及一种预防漫顶溃坝的浮力式土工膜装置。The invention relates to the technical field of geomembranes, in particular to a buoyancy-type geomembrane device for preventing overflowing dam collapse.
背景技术Background technique
水库是每一个国家的重要基础设施，对于我国来说，水库更是每一个综合防洪工程体系的重要组成部分。尽管距离我国第一个大坝建成已经过去很多年，大坝工程技术在不断进步，但是水库溃坝的事件仍然每年都有发生。溃坝水库中的绝大部分为土坝，占溃坝的94.5％，若加上结构性能接近的土石混合坝，则比例更高达95.8％。由土石坝组成的水库大多位于偏僻的丘陵山区,居高临下,溃决时水库水量突然下泄,造成下游水位暴涨和库水位陡落。这种溃坝形成的溃坝波不仅可能引起库区塌岸和其他损失,更严重的是会导致水库下游地区灾害性的后果。Reservoir is an important infrastructure of every country. For our country, reservoir is an important part of every comprehensive flood control engineering system. Although it has been many years since the first dam was built in my country, and the dam engineering technology is constantly improving, the incident of reservoir dam failure still occurs every year. Most of the dam-broken reservoirs are earth dams, accounting for 94.5% of the dam-broken dams. If the mixed earth-rock dams with similar structural properties are added, the proportion is as high as 95.8%. Most of the reservoirs composed of earth-rock dams are located in remote hilly and mountainous areas, and they are condescending. The dam break wave formed by this dam break may not only cause bank collapse and other losses in the reservoir area, but also lead to catastrophic consequences in the downstream area of the reservoir.
综上所述，溃坝带来的破坏影响不可估量，而其中较大比例的中小土石坝溃坝事件由漫顶引发。目前国内针对防止土石坝漫顶冲刷的有效措施的研究大多还仅仅局限于事后的应急处理上，在这样的背景下，一种简单有效而又可靠的新型防土石坝漫顶冲刷的装置是极有必要且具有广泛的应用前景的。To sum up, the damage caused by dam failure is immeasurable, and a large proportion of small and medium-sized earth-rock dam failure events are caused by the overflowing roof. At present, most of the domestic researches on effective measures to prevent the overflow of earth-rock dams are only limited to the emergency treatment after the event. It is necessary and has broad application prospects.
发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
本发明的目的是提供一种预防漫顶溃坝的浮力式土工膜装置。The purpose of the present invention is to provide a buoyancy-type geomembrane device for preventing dam collapse at the top.
本发明通过以下技术方案实现：The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
一种预防漫顶溃坝的浮力式土工膜装置，上游面一侧的坝顶上设置有挡浪墙，挡浪墙迎水面的侧壁上固设有矩形槽，矩形槽的长度方向与挡浪墙的高度方向平行，靠近矩形槽顶端的侧壁上开设有若干个进水孔，矩形槽内设置有浮球；A buoyancy-type geomembrane device for preventing dam collapse from overflowing top, a wave retaining wall is arranged on the dam crest on the upstream side, a rectangular groove is fixed on the side wall of the water-facing surface of the wave retaining wall, and the length direction of the rectangular groove is the same as that of the retaining wall. The height direction of the wave wall is parallel, the side wall near the top of the rectangular groove is provided with several water inlet holes, and the rectangular groove is provided with floating balls;
水坝下游面侧壁上、靠近坝顶处设置有承板，承板的长度方向与坝顶的长度方向平行，承板由支架支撑于下游面侧壁上，承板相对下游面侧壁倾斜设置，承板与下游面侧壁之间形成锐角夹角，承板与下游面侧壁之间放置土工膜卷；A bearing plate is arranged on the side wall of the downstream face of the dam and near the dam crest. The length direction of the bearing plate is parallel to the length direction of the dam crest. The bearing plate is supported on the side wall of the downstream face by a bracket, and the bearing plate is inclined relative to the side wall of the downstream face. , an acute angle is formed between the support plate and the side wall of the downstream surface, and the geomembrane roll is placed between the support plate and the side wall of the downstream surface;
浮球下端与耐腐蚀金属丝的一端连接，矩形槽的底部固连有PVC管的一端，PVC管的另一端位于坝顶内，且另一端贯穿坝顶，伸出坝顶的下游面侧壁，耐腐蚀金属丝的另一端穿过PVC管，伸出坝顶的下游面侧壁，与支架连接。The lower end of the floating ball is connected to one end of the corrosion-resistant wire, and the bottom of the rectangular groove is fixed with one end of the PVC pipe. , the other end of the corrosion-resistant metal wire passes through the PVC pipe, extends out of the downstream side wall of the dam crest, and is connected with the bracket.
进一步地，土工膜的一端压在坝顶混凝土路面里。当其沿下游泳面滚动时起到固定作用。Further, one end of the geomembrane is pressed into the concrete pavement on the top of the dam. It acts as a hold when it rolls along the lower swimming surface.
优选地，PVC管的内径与耐腐蚀金属丝的外径相等。PVC管内只够容纳、穿过耐腐蚀金属丝。Preferably, the inner diameter of the PVC pipe is equal to the outer diameter of the corrosion-resistant wire. The PVC pipe is only large enough to accommodate and pass through the corrosion-resistant wire.
优选地，挡浪墙顶端与矩形槽顶端的距离为50cm。Preferably, the distance between the top of the wave retaining wall and the top of the rectangular groove is 50cm.
优选地，矩形槽上的进水孔为圆形孔。Preferably, the water inlet hole on the rectangular groove is a circular hole.
工作原理如下：上游面在挡浪墙的下方50cm处安装一个矩形槽，该矩形槽底面通过一个PVC管道与下游面连接。PVC管两端几乎密封，仅留有一足以使耐腐蚀金属丝自由拉动的小孔。下游面上通过承板与支架将土工膜固定，土工膜一端压在坝顶混凝土路面里。在矩形槽中安装有一个浮力球，该浮力球通过耐腐蚀金属丝与下游面的支架相连，而耐腐蚀金属丝位于PVC管道中。当上游水位达到矩形槽侧面进水孔高度时，水会从进水孔漫入矩形槽中，使矩形槽中的水位上升，拉紧金属丝，达到一定程度后，支架被金属丝拉倒，承板跟着倒向下游面，土工膜卷自动展开铺在下游坝面上。The working principle is as follows: A rectangular groove is installed on the upstream side 50cm below the wave retaining wall, and the bottom surface of the rectangular groove is connected to the downstream side through a PVC pipe. Both ends of the PVC pipe are almost sealed, leaving only a small hole enough for the corrosion-resistant wire to pull freely. On the downstream surface, the geomembrane is fixed by the bearing plate and the bracket, and one end of the geomembrane is pressed into the concrete pavement on the top of the dam. A buoyancy ball is installed in the rectangular slot, which is connected to the bracket on the downstream side by means of corrosion-resistant wire, which is located in the PVC pipe. When the upstream water level reaches the height of the water inlet hole on the side of the rectangular tank, the water will diffuse into the rectangular tank from the water inlet hole, so that the water level in the rectangular tank will rise, and the wire will be tightened. The plate is then poured to the downstream surface, and the geomembrane roll is automatically unfolded and spread on the downstream dam surface.
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果是：Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:
本发明安装在防浪墙下方，在发生漫顶时自动展开土工膜保护坝顶和下游面不被冲刷，大大减少了坝体受到的冲刷破坏，减小溃坝的可能性，延长小型土石坝使用寿命；土工膜造价低、效果好、操作方便，以土工膜为材料的该套装置适用于坝顶有防浪墙和混凝土路面的土石坝，应用推广后，能够解决大量国内由于漫顶引发的土石坝溃坝问题。The invention is installed under the wave-proof wall, and automatically deploys the geomembrane to protect the dam crest and the downstream surface from being scoured when flooding occurs, greatly reduces the scour damage to the dam body, reduces the possibility of dam failure, and prolongs the development of small earth-rock dams. Service life; geomembrane is low in cost, good in effect and easy to operate. This set of devices using geomembrane as material is suitable for earth-rock dams with wave break walls and concrete pavements on the dam crest. the failure of earth-rock dams.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是本发明的整体结构。FIG. 1 is the overall structure of the present invention.
图2局部显示了承板与土工膜卷的结构；Figure 2 partially shows the structure of the support plate and the geomembrane roll;
图3局部显示了矩形槽的结构；Figure 3 partially shows the structure of the rectangular slot;
图4局部显示了PVC管的结构。Figure 4 partially shows the structure of the PVC pipe.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合附图与具体实施方式对本发明作进一步详细描述：The present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments:
如图1-4所示,一种预防漫顶溃坝的浮力式土工膜装置，上游面一侧的坝顶上设置有挡浪墙，挡浪墙迎水面的侧壁上固设有矩形槽7，矩形槽的长度方向与挡浪墙的高度方向平行，靠近矩形槽顶端的侧壁上开设有若干个进水孔8，矩形槽内设置有浮球4；As shown in Figure 1-4, a buoyancy-type geomembrane device for preventing dam collapse from overflowing top is provided with a wave retaining wall on the dam crest on the upstream side, and a rectangular groove is fixed on the side wall of the upstream face of the wave retaining wall. 7. The length direction of the rectangular groove is parallel to the height direction of the wave retaining wall, a number of
水坝下游面侧壁上、靠近坝顶处设置有承板2，承板的长度方向与坝顶的长度方向平行，承板由支架3支撑于下游面侧壁上，承板相对下游面侧壁倾斜设置，承板与下游面侧壁之间形成锐角夹角，承板与下游面侧壁之间放置土工膜卷1，土工膜的一端压在坝顶混凝土路面里；On the side wall of the downstream face of the dam, near the dam crest, a bearing plate 2 is arranged. The length direction of the bearing plate is parallel to the length direction of the dam crest. The inclined setting, an acute angle is formed between the support plate and the side wall of the downstream surface, the geomembrane roll 1 is placed between the support plate and the side wall of the downstream surface, and one end of the geomembrane is pressed into the concrete pavement on the top of the dam;
浮球下端与耐腐蚀金属丝6的一端连接，矩形槽的底部固连有PVC管的一端5，PVC管的另一端位于坝顶内，且另一端贯穿坝顶，伸出坝顶的下游面侧壁，耐腐蚀金属丝6的另一端穿过PVC管，伸出坝顶的下游面侧壁，与支架连接。The lower end of the floating ball is connected to one end of the corrosion-
PVC管的内径与耐腐蚀金属丝6的外径相等，也就是说PVC管内只够容纳、穿过耐腐蚀金属丝。The inner diameter of the PVC pipe is equal to the outer diameter of the corrosion-
上游水位没有升高至矩形槽时，矩形槽中无水，调节耐腐蚀金属丝的长度使得下游面的支架刚好支撑住承板与土工膜卷，土工膜的一端压在坝顶上混凝土路面里，当其沿下游泳面滚动时起到固定作用。当上游水位超过矩形槽侧面进水孔高度时，水通过进水孔往矩形槽中漫入，水位不断上升，浮球漂起，使得耐腐蚀金属丝被拉紧，将支架拉倒，带动承板倒向下游面，从而使得土工膜卷自动展开铺展在下游面上。When the upstream water level does not rise to the rectangular groove, there is no water in the rectangular groove. Adjust the length of the corrosion-resistant wire so that the bracket on the downstream side just supports the bearing plate and the geomembrane roll, and one end of the geomembrane is pressed into the concrete pavement on the dam crest. , which plays a fixed role when it rolls along the lower swimming surface. When the upstream water level exceeds the height of the water inlet hole on the side of the rectangular tank, the water flows into the rectangular tank through the water inlet hole, the water level continues to rise, and the floating ball floats, which makes the corrosion-resistant wire tensioned, pulls the bracket down, and drives the support plate. Invert to the downstream face, so that the geomembrane roll is automatically unrolled and spread on the downstream face.
本发明中涉及的未说明部份与现有技术相同或采用现有技术加以实现。The unexplained parts involved in the present invention are the same as or implemented by the prior art.
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| CN114293516A (en) * | 2022-02-24 | 2022-04-08 | 中水北方勘测设计研究有限责任公司 | Rapid solution method for preventing earth-rock dam overproof overtopping flood damage |
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| CN115059078B (en) * | 2022-05-19 | 2024-04-12 | 山东省水利科学研究院 | Geomembrane self-spreading device capable of preventing flood peak dam break and application method thereof |
| CN114775535A (en) * | 2022-06-17 | 2022-07-22 | 山东省水利科学研究院 | Protection device for preventing overtopping and dam break of earth and rockfill dam and using method thereof |
| CN114775535B (en) * | 2022-06-17 | 2022-08-26 | 山东省水利科学研究院 | Protection device for preventing overtopping and dam break of earth and rockfill dam and using method thereof |
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| CN110761243B (en) | 2021-02-26 |
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