CN105002870B - A kind of wet step by step heap mine tailing accelerates the device of discharging consolidation - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of disaster prevention and control of tailing ponds, and in particular relates to a step-by-step wet pile tailings accelerated drainage and consolidation device. The device includes a main support, a main floating body, a convolution box and a mud removal device. The main support is formed by connecting an upper steel ring and a lower steel ring at the same time at the top and bottom formed by two opposite support frames. The main floating body is arranged between the upper and lower steel rings, a through square hole is set in the middle of the main floating body, and the two oppositely placed support frames pass through the middle of the main floating body and are respectively close to the two inner sides of the through square hole. , the convolution box is fixedly installed in the space formed by two opposite supporting frames, and the lower steel ring of the main frame is fixedly connected with the descaling device. The invention can effectively drain and consolidate tailings in the whole process of "deposition-consolidation" in wet storage, effectively solve the problem of drainage and consolidation of tailings in the reservoir, accelerate the process of tailings consolidation, and effectively improve the safety of tailings reservoirs. Tailings pond disaster prevention and control provides an effective way.

Description

A device for accelerating drainage and consolidation of wet pile tailings step by step

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of disaster prevention and control of tailings dams, in particular to a device for accelerating drainage and consolidation of step-by-step wet stack tailings.

Background technique

As a special industrial building, the tailings pond is an essential infrastructure for the production of mining enterprises, but it is also a high-risk source of man-made debris flow hazards. Due to the special tailings stacking process and storage environment, the perennial water accumulation in the tailings pond is serious, the degree of mud consolidation is extremely low, and the infiltration line of the dam body is too high, resulting in the collapse of the dam body and the leakage of mud from the mud discharge pond in the karst area. Dam breaks and other tailings pond disasters occur frequently.

Whether it is the dam failure or collapse accident caused by seepage damage of the upstream tailings accumulation dam, or the mud leakage accident of the mud discharge reservoir in the karst area, the reason is the slow drainage and consolidation of the tailings in the reservoir. On the one hand, most upstream tailings ponds adopt hydraulic transportation and wet storage of tailings, and the tailings slurry has the characteristics of low permeability, high void ratio, and high moisture content, and the maximum moisture content can reach more than 300%; on the other hand , due to the lack of effective drainage channels for the tailings accumulation in the reservoir, the water accumulation in the reservoir is serious, and a large amount of accumulated water in the reservoir cannot be discharged in time, especially for large tailings reservoirs. It takes a long time to complete the consolidation, and the consolidation period is quite long. The invention can realize efficient drainage and consolidation of the tailings by developing a device for accelerating the drainage and consolidation of the stepwise wet pile tailings, and provides a new idea for the disaster prevention and control of the tailings dam.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to: aim at the deficiencies of the prior art, to provide a device for accelerating the drainage and consolidation of tailings in wet piles step by step, which can effectively solve the problem of drainage and consolidation of tailings in the reservoir, accelerate the process of tailings consolidation, and effectively improve the drainage and consolidation of tailings. It provides an effective way to prevent and control tailings pond disasters.

In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is:

A device for accelerating drainage and consolidation of tailings in wet stacks step by step, including a main support, a main floating body, a convolution box and a descaling device. It is formed by connecting an upper steel ring and a lower steel ring at the same time, the main floating body is arranged between the upper and lower steel rings, a through square hole is set in the middle of the main floating body, and the two opposite supporting frames Pass through the middle of the main floating body and cling to the inner sides of the penetrating square holes respectively. The convolution box is fixedly installed in the space formed by two oppositely placed support frames, and is fixedly connected to the mud removal device on the lower steel ring of the main support.

As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the center of the convolution box has a curling tensioner and a convolution groove, and an anti-mud device is provided directly below the bottom, the convolution groove is used to place geotechnical composite drainage materials, and the anti-mud device A channel matching and communicating with the convolution groove is set inside the geotechnical composite drainage material. One end of the geotechnical composite drainage material is wound on the curling tensioner and placed in the convolution groove, and the other end passes through the channel of the mud-proof device.

Due to the use of the convolution box, the curling tensioner provides the curling tension to ensure that the center line of the geotechnical composite drainage material is in a "plumb state". Since the water level of the storage surface varies greatly and changes frequently, the device moves up and down frequently with the storage surface. If the geotechnical composite drainage material is stored The convolution box of the drainage material does not have the ability to "retract and release", which will cause the geotechnical composite drainage material to be stretched but not rolled up, and then cause the geotechnical composite drainage material to bend and fold, which will seriously affect the drainage effect of the device. At the same time, the crimping force of the convolution box of the geotechnical composite drainage material is also conducive to the reset of the device. When the floating body deviates from the fixed position and the anchor cable cannot be fixed accurately, the crimping force can realize its "resetting" function, thereby ensuring the shortest drainage path.

As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the mud skin removal device includes a connecting ring, a V-shaped support rod, a skeleton and several pairs of mud scraping teeth, and the skeleton is formed into a rectangular frame by two short square steels and two rectangular steels, Among them, square through-holes are set on the top surfaces of the upper and lower short square steels, and the anti-mud device is clamped and fixed with the square through-hole of one of the short square steels. The distance between each pair of mud scraping teeth is consistent with the width of the square through hole, and the lower end of the geotechnical composite drainage material has been passing through the gap between the square through hole and each pair of mud scraping teeth; the connecting ring and the lower The steel ring is matched and fixed, and the two top ends of the V-shaped support rod in the opening direction are fixed with the connecting ring to form an inverted triangle, and the other end is fixed on the short square steel of the skeleton.

Due to the above structure, it is used to scrape off the "mud skin" formed by the adhesion of soil particles accumulated on the surface of the filter membrane during the drainage process. The principle is: the device moves up and down frequently with the reservoir surface, and the geotechnical composite drainage material will expand and contract accordingly due to the curling force , The scraping teeth of the mud skin removal device scrape off the mud skin within 0.6m of the lower part of the device to improve the drainage efficiency of the geotechnical composite drainage material.

Further, the main floating body is spliced by four identical floating body units. In order to improve the sinking resistance of the buoy, the main buoy is divided into four identical buoy units, which can be assembled and connected after the production is completed.

Further, the support bracket is a cross-shaped bracket, and a positioning hole is provided at the intersection. The cross-shaped support frame is used for stable support, and the positioning hole is used for the positioning of the center of the curling tensioner, which plays the role of accurate positioning.

A tailings pond internal drainage system including a device for step-by-step wet pile tailings accelerated drainage and consolidation, including a drainage and consolidation system that can automatically rise with the tailings pond, a bottom drainage system and a waste water recycling pool;

The drainage and consolidation system that can automatically rise with the tailings pond includes several devices and an anchoring system. The anchoring system has an anchor cable and an anchor block, and the anchor block is fixed on the bank slope of the tailings pond to connect point, several devices are arranged on the reservoir surface of the tailings pond, and the devices are connected to the main floating body on the device through the anchor cable, and each device is connected to the anchor block through the anchor cable;

The bottom drainage system is composed of a sand cushion and a water delivery pipe, and a drainage channel is vertically set up in the corresponding ore deposits directly below the several devices arranged on the reservoir surface, and the geotechnical composite drainage material on the device The lower part is fixed on the sand cushion through the drainage channel, the water delivery pipeline is arranged under the sand cushion, and its output port is connected to the waste water recycling pool outside the tailings pond.

Due to the above structure, the mooring system is set to keep the relative position of the main floating body of the device unchanged, and the anchor cable is used to connect the main floating body of the device and the connection point of the bank slope or between the two main floating bodies. The connection point adopts a mobile type, that is, it can move up along the bank slope with the rise of the reservoir level, so as to ensure the realization of the positioning function. As the main component of the drainage system in the reservoir, the device has started to play a drainage function since the tailings pond was put into use, and it will continue to rise synchronously with the height of the tailings pond. At the same time, the targeted setting function of the upper device can also be Ensure efficient drainage during ascent. As a vertical drainage channel for accumulations in the reservoir, the device continuously discharges the upper layer of the reservoir and the tailings pore water to accelerate the consolidation process of the tailings. The bottom drainage system is the water delivery part of the drainage system in the reservoir. Its main function is to discharge all the water discharged from the device to the tailings reservoir smoothly. At the same time, it is required to have a good dam connection strength to prevent leakage and ensure Stability of tailings ponds. The waste water recycling pool is located outside the tailings pond, connected to the water pipeline of the bottom drainage system, and the water discharged from the pond is collected in the pond, and can be recycled after simple water quality treatment to achieve the purpose of saving the production cost of the enterprise.

Traditional tailings ponds include tailings ponds such as initial dams, accumulation dams, flood drainage, and seepage drainage necessary for traditional tailings. The internal drainage system of tailings ponds including step-by-step wet stack tailings accelerated drainage and consolidation devices can be applied to In the traditional tailings pond, it effectively solves the problem of tailings drainage and consolidation in the pond, accelerates the process of tailings consolidation, effectively improves the safety of the tailings pond, and provides an effective way for the prevention and control of tailings pond disasters.

Further, every three devices on the surface of the tailings pond are connected to form an equilateral triangle, and one of the devices is placed at a vertex of the equilateral triangle. With one of the devices as the center, the drainage shaft is arranged in the form of an equilateral triangle, and the radiated influence range of one of the devices as the center is a regular hexagon, which can ensure that the maximum influence range can be monitored during the test.

In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: for the lack of effective drainage channels for the tailings accumulation body in the reservoir using the step-by-step wet stacking method, resulting in serious water accumulation in the reservoir, a large amount of water accumulation in the reservoir For the problem of being unable to discharge in time, geotechnical composite drainage material was used as the vertical drainage channel, and the drainage performance and slime consolidation effect were simulated through the indoor stacking model test. Automatically raise the drainage consolidation device along with the tailings silo. The test results show that: under the drainage effect of the geotechnical composite drainage material, the timely drainage of the upper layer of water provides a necessary condition for the consolidation of the tailings in the later stage. After the tailings slurry stops stacking for 104 days, the average stress consolidation degree of the tailings slurry can reach 62.32% to 70.81%, the moisture content of the slurry under the drainage condition is lower than that of the standing undrained condition by about 25%, and the consolidation effect is significantly improved.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural representation of a device for accelerating drainage and consolidation of wet pile tailings step by step according to the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the top view of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is the A-A sectional view of Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 is the structural representation when this device of the present invention has no main floating body;

Fig. 5 is the structural representation of main floating body in this device of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of the floating body unit in the device of the present invention;

Fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of the main support in the device of the present invention;

Fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a convolution box in the device of the present invention;

Fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of the mud skin removal device in the device of the present invention;

Fig. 10 is a schematic structural view of a drainage system in a tailings pond comprising the device of the present invention;

Fig. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of the mooring system in the drainage system of the tailings pond in Fig. 10;

Fig. 12 is a schematic diagram of the plane layout of the device of the present invention on the surface of the tailings pond;

In the figure: 1, main floating body; 1-1, through square hole; 1-2, floating body unit; 2, mud removal device; 2-1, connecting ring; 2-2, V-shaped support rod; 2-3, Skeleton; 2-31, short square steel; 2-32, rectangular steel; 2-33, square through hole; 2-4, scraping teeth; 3, geotechnical composite drainage material; 4, convolution box; 4-1 , convolution groove; 4-2, crimp tensioner; 4-3, mud-proof device; 4-4, channel; 5, main bracket; 5-1, upper steel ring; 5-2, lower steel ring; 5-3 , support frame; 5-4, positioning hole; 6, drainage channel; 7, sand cushion; 8, water pipeline; 9, waste water recycling pool; Consolidation device; 11. Anchor cable; 12. Anchor block.

detailed description

The specific embodiment of the present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the drawings, wherein the same symbols in all the drawings represent the same or similar components, and the drawings in the description are in simplified form and are only for understanding the specific structure of the present invention. The following examples are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly, but not to limit the protection scope of the present invention.

As shown in Figure 1, Figure 2, Figure 3, Figure 4, and Figure 5, a device for accelerating the drainage and consolidation of tailings in wet stacks step by step, including the main support 5, the main floating body 1, the convolution box 4 and the mud removal skin Device 2, the main bracket 5 is formed by connecting an upper steel ring 5-1 and a lower steel ring 5-2 at the same time through the top and bottom ends formed by two oppositely placed support frames 5-3. The main floating body 1 is arranged between the upper steel ring 5-1 and the lower steel ring 5-2, a through square hole 1-1 is set in the middle of the main floating body 1, and the two opposite supporting frames 5-3 pass through The middle part of the main floating body 1 is in close contact with the two inner sides of the through square hole 1-1 respectively. The convolution box 4 is fixedly installed in the space formed by two opposite support frames 5-3, and the lower steel ring 5 of the main support 5 -2 is fixedly connected with the mud skin removal device 2.

As shown in Figure 8, the center of the convolution box 4 has a curling tensioner 4-2, a convolution groove 4-1, and an anti-mud device 4-3 is provided directly below the bottom, and the convolution groove 4-1 is used for A geotechnical composite drainage material 3 is placed, and a channel 4-4 matching and communicating with the convolution groove 4-1 is arranged inside the mud-proof device 4-3, and one end of the geotechnical composite drainage material 3 is wound around the curling tensioner 4-2 and placed in the convolution tank 4-1, and the other end passes through the channel 4-4 of the anti-mud device 4-3.

Due to the use of the convolution box 4, the curling tensioner 4-2 provides the curling tension to ensure that the center line of the geotechnical composite drainage material 3 is in a "plumb state". Since the water level of the reservoir surface varies greatly and changes frequently, the device frequently moves up and down with the reservoir surface , if the convolution box 4 storing the geotechnical composite drainage material 3 does not have the ability to "retract and unwind", it will cause the geotechnical composite drainage material 3 to be stretched and not rolled up, and then the geotechnical composite drainage material 3 will be bent and folded, which is serious. Affect the drainage effect of the device. At the same time, the crimping force of the geotechnical composite drainage material 3 convolution box is also conducive to the reset of the device. When the main floating body deviates from the fixed position and the anchor cable cannot be fixed accurately, the crimping force can realize its "resetting" function, thereby ensuring the shortest drainage path.

As shown in Figure 9, the described mud skin removal device 2 comprises a connecting ring 2-1, a V-shaped support rod 2-2, a skeleton 2-3 and several pairs of scraping teeth 2-4, and the skeleton 2-3 consists of two One short square steel 2-31 and two rectangular steels 2-32 form a rectangular frame, wherein the upper and lower two short square steels 2-31 are provided with square through holes 2-33, and the mud-proof device 4-3 is connected with the The square through hole 2-33 of a short square steel 2-31 is fixed in position, and several pairs of mud scraping teeth 2-4 are arranged side by side at equal intervals between two rectangular steel 2-32, and each pair of mud scraping teeth 2 The spacing between -4 is consistent with the width of the square through hole 2-33, and the lower end of the geotechnical composite drainage material 3 passes through the gap between the square through hole 2-33 and each pair of mud scraping teeth 2-4; The connecting ring 2-1 is matched and fixed with the lower steel ring 5-2, the two top ends of the opening direction of the V-shaped support rod 2-2 are fixed with the connecting ring 2-1 to form an inverted triangle, and the other end is fixed on the short end of the skeleton 2-3. Square Steel 2-31 on. Due to the adoption of the above structure, it is used to scrape off the "mud skin" formed by the adhesion of soil particles accumulated on the surface of the filter membrane during the drainage process. Telescopic, the scraping teeth 2-4 of the mud skin removal device 2 scrape the mud skin within 0.6m of the lower part of the device to improve the drainage efficiency of the geotechnical composite drainage material 3 .

As shown in Fig. 6, the main floating body 1 is spliced by four identical floating body units 1-2. In order to improve the anti-sinkability of the main floating body 1, the main floating body 1 is divided into four identical floating body units 1-2, which can be assembled and connected after the production is completed, which is convenient for installation.

As shown in FIG. 7 , the support frame 5-3 is a cross-shaped support, and a positioning hole 5-4 is provided at the cross. The cross-shaped support frame 5-3 is adopted to play the role of stable support, and the positioning hole 5-4 is used for positioning the center of the curling tensioner 4-2, and plays the role of accurate positioning.

As shown in Figure 10 and Figure 11, a drainage system in the tailings pond that includes a step-by-step wet pile tailings accelerated drainage and consolidation device 10 includes a drainage and consolidation system that can automatically rise with the tailings pond, a bottom drainage system and Wastewater recycling pool 9; the automatic rising drainage consolidation system with the tailings pond includes several devices 10 and an anchoring system, the anchoring system has an anchor cable 11 and an anchor block 12, and the anchor block 12 is fixed on the tail The bank slope connection point set on the bank slope of the mine pool, several devices 10 are arranged on the reservoir surface of the tailings pond, and the two devices are connected with the main floating body 1 on the device through the anchor cable 11, each The device 10 is connected to the anchor block 12 through the anchor cable 11; the bottom drainage system is composed of a sand cushion layer 7 and a water pipeline 8, and the corresponding ore sludge directly below the several devices 10 arranged on the reservoir surface A drainage channel 6 is provided vertically in the accumulation body, and the lower part of the geotechnical composite drainage material 3 on the device 10 passes through the drainage channel 6 and is fixed on the sand cushion layer 7, and the water delivery pipeline 8 is arranged below the sand cushion layer 7. The output port is connected to the waste water recycling pool 9 outside the tailings pond.

As shown in Figures 10 and 11, the setting of the mooring system is to keep the relative position of the main floating body 1 of the device unchanged. Between the main floating body 1, the connection point of the bank slope adopts a mobile type, that is, it can move upward along the bank slope continuously with the rise of the reservoir level, so as to ensure the realization of the positioning function. The device 10, as the main component of the drainage system in the reservoir, starts to play a drainage function since the tailings reservoir was put into use, and continuously rises synchronously with the heightening of the tailings reservoir. At the same time, the targeted setting function of the upper device is also Efficient drainage during ascent can be ensured. As a vertical drainage channel 6 for accumulations in the reservoir, the device 10 continuously discharges the upper layer of the reservoir and the pore water of the tailings to accelerate the consolidation process of the tailings. The bottom drainage system is the water delivery part of the drainage system in the reservoir. Its main function is to discharge all the water discharged from the device to the tailings reservoir smoothly. At the same time, it is required to have a good dam connection strength to prevent leakage and ensure Stability of tailings ponds. The waste water recycling pool 9 is located outside the tailings pond, connected to the water pipeline 8 of the bottom drainage system, and the water discharged from the pond is collected in the pond, and can be recycled after simple water quality treatment, so as to save the production cost of the enterprise Purpose.

As shown in Figure 10, the traditional tailings pond includes tailings ponds such as initial dams, accumulation dams, flood discharge, and seepage discharge necessary for traditional tailings. The internal drainage system of the mine pool is applied to the traditional tailings pool, which effectively solves the problem of drainage and consolidation of the tailings in the pool, accelerates the process of tailings consolidation, effectively improves the safety of the tailings pool, and provides an effective way for the prevention and control of tailings pool disasters.

As shown in FIG. 12 , every three devices 10 on the surface of the tailings pond are connected to form an equilateral triangle, and one device 10 is placed at a vertex of the equilateral triangle. With one device 10 as the center, the vertical drainage shafts are set in the form of an equilateral triangle, and the range affected by the radiation of one device 10 as the center is a regular hexagon, which can ensure that the maximum influence range can be monitored during the test.

Claims (4)

1. a kind of wet heap mine tailing step by step accelerate discharging consolidation device it is characterised in that：Including main support (5), main buoyancy aid (1), Convolution box (4) and desilt leather jacket and put (2), described main support (5) is the top being formed by two bracing frames staggered relatively (5-3) End and bottom are simultaneously connected with a upper steel loop (5-1) and a lower steel loop (5-2) respectively, and described main buoyancy aid (1) is arranged Between upper and lower steel loop (5-1,5-2), an insertion square hole (1-1) is set in the middle part of described main buoyancy aid (1), described two relatively puts The bracing frame (5-3) put passes through in the middle part of main buoyancy aid (1) and is close to inside insertion square hole (1-1) two respectively, and described convolution box (4) is solid Dingan County is contained in the space that two bracing frames staggered relatively (5-3) are formed, fixing even in the lower steel loop (5-2) of main support (5) Connect and desilt leather jacket and put (2)；

The center of described convolution box (4) has curling chest expander (4-2), convolution groove (4-1), has anti-mud dress immediately below its bottom Put (4-3), described convolution groove (4-1) is used for placing geosynthetics draining material (3), the inside setting of described mud prevention device (4-3) One passage (4-4) connecting with convolution groove (4-1) coupling, the one ends wound of described geosynthetics draining material (3) is in curling pulling force Device (4-2) is upper and is placed in convolution groove (4-1), and the other end passes through the passage (4-4) of mud prevention device (4-3)；

Described desilt leather jacket put (2) include connection ring (2-1), V-arrangement support bar (2-2), skeleton (2-3) and some to scraping mud tooth (2-4), described skeleton (2-3) forms rectangular frame by two short square steel (2-31) and two rectangular steels (2-32), wherein up and down Two short square steel (2-31) top surfaces setting square through hole (2-33), described mud prevention device (4-3) and wherein one short square steel (2-31) Square through hole (2-33) carry out screens and fix, some be equidistantly disposed side by side on two rectangular steel (2- to scraping mud tooth (2-4) 32) between, the spacing scraped for every a pair between mud tooth (2-4) is consistent with the width of square through hole (2-33), described geosynthetics row The gap of mud tooth (2-4) is scraped all the way through square through hole (2-33) and every a pair in the lower end of water material (3)；Described connection ring (2-1) Mate fixation with lower steel loop (5-2), two tops of described V-arrangement support bar (2-2) opening direction are fixing with connection ring (2-1) to be formed Del, the other end is fixed on the short square steel (2-31) of skeleton (2-3)；

Described main buoyancy aid (1) is spliced by four identical elemental floating bodies (1-2).

2. a kind of wet heap mine tailing step by step according to claim 1 accelerate discharging consolidation device it is characterised in that：Described Bracing frame (5-3) is the support of X-type, and infall has a location hole (5-4).

3. a kind of a kind of wet step by step heap mine tailing comprising described in claim 1-2 accelerates row in the Tailings Dam of device of discharging consolidation Water system it is characterised in that：Sharp including can automatically raise drain consolidation system, bottom discharge system and waste water circulation with Tailings Dam With pond (9)；

Described can automatically raise drain consolidation system with Tailings Dam and include several described devices (10) and mooring system, described anchor Pool system has anchor hawser (11) and anchor block (12), and anchor block (12) is fixed on the bank slope junction point of setting on Tailings Dam bank slope, some Individual described device (10) is laid on the storehouse face of Tailings Dam, and described device (10) is passed through on anchor hawser (11) and device between any two Main buoyancy aid (1) connects, and each described device (10) is connected with anchor block (12) by anchor hawser (11)；

Described bottom discharge system is made up of sand bedding course (7) and aqueduct (8), is laid in several described devices on the face of storehouse (10) underface corresponding sludge accumulation body vertically opens up drainage channel (6), geosynthetics draining material (3) in described device Bottom is fixed on sand bedding course (7) through drainage channel (6), and described aqueduct (8) is arranged on the lower section of sand bedding course (7), its Delivery outlet connects the cycling utilization of wastewater pond (9) outside Tailings Dam.

4. a kind of Tailings Dam inner water drainage system according to claim 3 it is characterised in that：Every three institutes on the face of mine tailing Kuku State to connect between device (10) and form equilateral triangle, a described device (10) is placed on a summit of described equilateral triangle.