CN107326876B - Non-closed non-pumping drainage plunge pool structure - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a non-closed non-pumping drainage plunge pool structure, which is positioned on two sides of a plunge pool (1) and comprises a closed structure (3) and a permeable structure (4); the closed structure (3) is positioned above the middle-upper parts of the two sides of the plunge pool (1) and above the permeable structure (4); a water stopping structure (5) is arranged in a structural joint between adjacent concrete wall surfaces (2) in the closed structure (3), a transverse drain pipe (6.1) and a longitudinal drain pipe (6.2) are arranged on the wall back of each concrete wall surface (2), and the transverse drain pipe (6.1) and the longitudinal drain pipe (6.2) are mutually interwoven and run through to form a drain pipe network (6); the method overcomes the defect of side wall instability damage caused by water stop damage or drainage system failure in the prior art, and has the advantage of greatly reducing the construction difficulty.

Description

Non-enclosed non-pumping drainage pad pond structure

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of water conservancy and hydropower flood discharge, and more specifically relates to a non-enclosed non-pumping drainage pad pond structure.

Background technique

With the construction of large-scale water conservancy and hydropower projects in Southwest my country, the characteristics of "high water head, large flow, and narrow river valley" are more prominent, and the safety of flood discharge and energy dissipation is the focus of research in the project. In the flood discharge and energy dissipation design of existing high arch dam projects, almost all of them adopt the flood discharge and energy dissipation method of the dam body lifting and falling flow. Strong and other characteristics. Due to the huge flood discharge power of the high arch dam project, how to avoid severe erosion of the downstream river by the discharge flood and ensure the safety of flood discharge is the research focus of the engineering design. With the construction of high arch dam projects in my country, after the technical breakthroughs between the "Seventh Five-Year Plan" and the "Ninth Five-Year Plan", in the existing high arch dam projects, the artificial concrete with a comprehensive lining is installed in the downstream for the method of flood discharge and energy dissipation. Water cushions for energy dissipation.

According to the research results of the water flow pattern in the pad pond, the water in the pad pond shows an obvious oblique submerged impact jet flow state after flowing into the water, and forms a submerged hydraulic jump in the pad pond water pad, so its basic flow structure It is a mixed structure of jet mainstream area + vortex area. Among them, the junction area between the main flow area and each macroscopic vortex area is a layer of strong turbulent shear action area, and the effective mechanical energy (kinetic energy) of the main flow in this area is continuously eliminated through strong turbulent shear and diffusion, so as to achieve Dissipating effect. Due to the strong turbulence of the water body in the pool, a large pulsating pressure is generated on the side wall and bottom plate of the pool, which affects the stability of the side wall and bottom plate. In order to prevent the turbulent water body in the cushion pond from entering the back of the wall to generate a large upward force, and to reduce the uplift pressure, the existing high arch dam project adopts a closed pumping and drainage structure for the cushion pond behind the dam: between the concrete slabs Waterstops are installed in the structural joints, and drainage pipe networks and drainage corridors are installed on the back of the slabs, and the seepage water on the back is collected into the drainage corridors through the drainage pipe network, and further collected into the water collection well, and discharged through the water pump. The side walls of the closed pumping and drainage pad pond structure adopt a closed structure from top to bottom. The seepage field on the back of the side wall is completely separated from the water body in the pad pond. The water level at the back of the wall is low and there is basically no pulsating pressure, which affects the side wall The stable load conditions are relatively clear, and the stability of the side wall is not affected by the dynamic water pressure and the sudden drop of the water level in the pond, and the stability of the side wall is better.

However, the water stop and drainage system of the closed pumping pad pond structure is complex, continuous pumping and drainage are required during the normal operation period, long-term operation and maintenance, engineering investment and operating costs are relatively large, and there are side effects caused by water stop damage or drainage system failure. Safety risk of wall instability failure.

In recent years, with the construction of concrete high arch dams in Southwest my country, the deep cover layer and deep water cushion of the dam site have become an important feature in the design of flood discharge and energy dissipation buildings. The protection design of the water cushion pond is possible, such as the water cushion pond scheme with bank protection but no bottom protection. There is no concrete lining at the bottom of the pool. If the closed drainage structure is still adopted, in order to prevent the water in the pool from seeping through the bottom to the back of the side wall, it is necessary to install an anti-seepage curtain at the bottom of the side wall, which increases the difficulty of construction. And engineering investment, and reliability is difficult to guarantee. At the same time, due to the high and steep slope of the narrow river valley, the height of the concrete side walls on both sides of the pad pond is relatively high, and the water stop and drainage system of the side walls are relatively complicated. There is a risk of local side wall instability due to water stop damage and drainage system failure. , If the drainage system is blocked, it is difficult to overhaul. The closed pumping structure needs continuous pumping during the normal operation period, long-term operation and maintenance, and high operating costs. If a non-closed pad pond structure can be proposed and the pumping and drainage can be canceled, the design of the pad pond structure can be greatly simplified, the construction difficulty and construction risk can be reduced, and the operating cost can be reduced.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the above-mentioned background technology, and propose a non-enclosed non-pumping drainage pad pond structure.

The technical solution of the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: a non-closed non-pumping drainage pad pond structure, which is located on both sides of the pad pond, and it includes a closed structure and a permeable structure; the closed structure is located in the Above the middle of both sides of the water cushion pond, and located above the permeable structure; Concrete walls are continuously poured on both sides of the water cushion pond;

A water-stop structure is provided in the structural joint between adjacent concrete walls in the closed structure, and a horizontal drainage pipe and a vertical drainage pipe are arranged on the back of the concrete wall. The horizontal drainage pipe Interweaving with the longitudinal drainage pipes to form a drainage pipe network;

A number of first drainage holes are drilled inward along the back of the concrete wall in the closed structure in advance,

The pre-embedded direction of the drainage pipe network in the closed structure is consistent with the direction of the first drainage hole;

The outlet of the first drainage hole is embedded with the outlet of the drainage pipe network and arranged at the end of the concrete wall in the closed structure at equal intervals in the transverse direction;

The back of the concrete wall located in the permeable structure is drilled with a number of second drainage holes,

A casing is sleeved on each outlet of the second drainage hole.

In the above technical solution: natural topography or a permeable structure is adopted at the bottom of the pad pond.

In the above technical solution: the bottoms of the concrete walls on both sides are provided with protruding tooth grooves.

In the above technical solution: the orifices of the second drainage holes are arranged at equal intervals in the horizontal and vertical directions on the concrete wall of the permeable structure.

In the above technical solution: the outlets of the first drainage hole and the second drainage hole have an included angle of 10 degrees with the horizontal plane and are arranged upward.

The invention has the following advantages: 1. The bottom drainage corridor, the bottom anti-seepage curtain and the drainage curtain are eliminated, and the closed drainage system is eliminated, so that the construction difficulty is greatly reduced.

2. During the normal operation period and maintenance period, the water seepage from the pool and the back of the wall is mainly discharged through the drainage holes without pumping, which is convenient for operation and management.

3. The height of the closed area of the side wall is reduced, and the risk of local side wall instability caused by water-stop damage and drainage system failure is also small.

4. The drainage outlets on the side wall surface of the closed part can be arranged in combination with the side slope horseway, and the operation status of the drainage pipe network on the back of the wall can be judged according to the drainage situation of the drainage outlets. The inspection is intuitive and the operation and maintenance are relatively convenient.

5. The amount of anchoring work for the non-enclosed non-pumping and drainage mat pond structure is relatively large, but the amount of seepage control engineering, side wall concrete, water stop, drainage pipe network, pumping and drainage system, etc. is significantly reduced. Taking the Wudongde project as an example, compared with the side wall scheme of the closed pumping and drainage pad pond, the direct investment of the project can be saved by about 30 million yuan without considering the operation and maintenance costs of canceling the pumping and drainage.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is the structural layout of the pad pond and the dam body.

Fig. 2 is an overall structural layout diagram of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a structural schematic diagram of a one-side closed structure and a water-permeable structure in the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a structural layout diagram of the drainage pipe network and drainage holes in the present invention.

In the figure: water cushion pond 1, concrete wall surface 2, closed structure 3, permeable structure 4, water stop structure 5, drainage pipe network 6, horizontal drainage pipe 6.1, vertical drainage pipe 6.2, first drainage hole 7.1, second Two drainage hole 7.2, dam 8, upstream water surface 9, downstream water surface 10.

Detailed ways

The implementation of the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but they do not constitute a limitation of the present invention, but are only examples; at the same time, the advantages of the present invention will become clearer and easier to understand through description.

Referring to Figure 1-4: non-closed non-pumping drainage pad pond structure, it is located on both sides of the pad pond 1,

It includes a closed structure 3 and a permeable structure 4; the closed structure 3 is located in the upper middle of both sides of the water cushion pond 1, and is located above the permeable structure 4; in the water cushion Concrete walls 2 are poured continuously on both sides of the pond 1;

A water-stop structure 5 is provided in the structural joint between adjacent concrete walls 2 in the closed structure 3, and a horizontal drainage pipe 6.1 and a vertical drainage pipe 6.2 are arranged on the back of the concrete wall 2, The horizontal drainage pipe 6.1 and the longitudinal drainage pipe 6.2 interweave to form a drainage pipe network 6;

A number of first drainage holes 7.1 are drilled inward along the back of the concrete wall 2 in the closed structure 3 in advance,

The pre-embedded direction of the drainage pipe network 6 in the closed structure 3 is consistent with the direction of the first drainage hole 7.1;

The outlet of the first drainage hole 7.1 is embedded with the outlet of the drainage pipe network 6 and arranged at the end of the concrete wall 2 in the closed structure 3 along the horizontal equidistant distance;

A number of second drainage holes 7.2 are drilled on the back of the concrete wall 2 in the permeable structure 4, and a casing is sleeved on the outlet of each second drainage hole 7.2.

Natural topography or a permeable structure is adopted at the bottom of the pad pond 1 .

The bottoms of the concrete walls 2 on both sides are provided with tooth grooves 2.1 protruding downwards.

The orifices of the second drainage holes 7.2 are arranged at equal intervals in the horizontal and vertical directions on the concrete wall 2 of the permeable structure 4; the outlets of the first drainage holes 7.1 and the second drainage holes 7.2 The angle between the direction of the orifice and the horizontal plane is 10 degrees and it is arranged upwards.

The present invention also includes a construction method: step ①: the layout of the water cushion pond 1 and the determination of the structural size

Combined with the layout of the hub and the flood discharge and energy dissipation scheme, determine the specific layout plan and structural type of the cushion pond 1; determine the main structural dimensions such as the length, width and bottom elevation of the cushion pond according to the hydraulic calculation and hydraulic model test results.

Step ②: Excavation of the side slope of the pad pond

According to the structural requirements of the water cushion pond 1, combined with the terrain and geological conditions, the slope of the water cushion pond 1 is excavated. The excavation slope ratio and excavation thickness should meet the overall stability of the water cushion pond slope.

Step ③: pad pond slope support

During the excavation of the pool slope, surface unloading may cause local stability problems of the slope, and at the same time, the structural surface of the rock mass may form an unstable block. Therefore, it is necessary to support the slope surface of the pool, including the system Support, random support and deep support, etc., and the implementation of the first drainage hole 7.1 and the second drainage hole 7.2.

Step ④: Construction of the side wall structure of the water cushion pond

After the excavation of the side slope of the water cushion pond 1 is completed, the concrete wall surface 2 of the water cushion pond side wall will be constructed, mainly including bedrock surface cleaning, anchoring measures construction, steel bar binding, water stop structure 5, drainage pipe network 6 and the first The installation of drainage hole 7.1 and the second drainage hole 7.2, concrete pouring and other construction items, all construction items should meet the relevant regulations and construction technical requirements.

The main technical requirements of the non-enclosed non-pumping drainage pad pond structure type in the specific implementation process are as follows:

(1) The non-closed and non-pumped pad pond structure includes two types of side wall structures: the closed structure 3 and the permeable structure 4. Generally speaking, the closed structure 3 should be arranged in places where the water surface fluctuates violently and the water body turbulence is strong. area (the arrow in the figure indicates the direction of water flow, and the small triangle indicates the water level line).

(2) Within the structural range of the closed structure 3, the concrete wall 2 plates form an integral closed structure by setting the water-stop structure 5, etc., and the horizontal drainage pipe 6.1 and the vertical drainage pipe 6.2 are arranged on the back of the wall, and the inside of the slope is passed through The seepage water discharged from the side slope drainage holes is concentrated to the first drainage hole 7.1 on the surface of the side wall of the closed area for centralized discharge. The side wall structure within the closed area shall ensure the reliability of the overall closure and the unimpeded drainage network at the back of the wall.

(3) The first drainage holes 7.1 on the surface of the concrete wall 2 of the closed structure 3 are arranged according to the needs, and the number should not be too large, so as to prevent the turbulent water body in the pad pond 1 from being transferred to the concrete wall 2 through the first drainage holes 7.1 On the back, the first drainage hole 7.1 can be arranged in combination with the side slope horseway, and arranged above the normal operating water level of the pad pond 1, so as to visually judge the operation status of the closed structure drainage system through the drainage situation of the first drainage hole 7.1.

(4) The second drainage hole 7.2 of the concrete wall 2 in the permeable structure 4 is directly led to the surface of the concrete wall 2, and the seepage water discharged through the slope drainage hole in the slope is directly discharged to the water through the second drainage hole 7.2. In Diantang 1, the diameter and row spacing of the second drainage holes 7.2 are consistent with those of the side slope drainage holes. In order to improve the drainage effect of the side wall of the permeable area, the number of drainage holes in this range can be appropriately intensified, and the inner protection of the drainage holes should be provided to prevent blockage.

The table is a comparison table of engineering quantities and design budget estimates for non-enclosed non-pumping and drainage pad pond structures

The parts not described in detail above are all prior art.

Claims (3)

1. Non-enclosed non-pumping pad pond structure, which is located on both sides of the pad pond (1), is characterized in that: it includes a closed structure (3) and a permeable structure (4); the closed structure ( 3) Located on the upper middle of both sides of the pad pond (1), and above the permeable structure (4); concrete walls are continuously poured on both sides of the pad pond (1) (2); A water-stop structure (5) is provided in the structural joint between adjacent concrete walls (2) in the closed structure (3), and a horizontal drainage is provided on the back of the concrete wall (2) pipe (6.1) and vertical drainage pipe (6.2), the horizontal drainage pipe (6.1) and the vertical drainage pipe (6.2) interweave to form a drainage pipe network (6); A number of first drainage holes (7.1) are drilled inward along the back of the concrete wall (2) in the closed structure (3) in advance, The pre-embedded direction of the drainage pipe network (6) in the closed structure (3) is consistent with the direction of the first drainage hole (7.1); The outlet of the first drainage hole (7.1) is embedded with the outlet of the drainage pipe network (6) and arranged at the end of the concrete wall (2) in the closed structure (3) along the horizontal equidistant distance; The back of the concrete wall (2) located in the permeable structure (4) is drilled with a number of second drainage holes (7.2), The outlet of each second drainage hole (7.2) is covered with a casing; the opening of the second drainage hole (7.2) is placed on the concrete wall (2) of the permeable structure (4). ) are arranged at equal intervals horizontally and vertically; The outlets of the first drainage hole (7.1) and the second drainage hole (7.2) have an angle of 10 degrees with the horizontal plane and are arranged upward; the first drainage hole (7.1) is arranged on the water cushion The pond (1) is above the normal operating water level. 2. The non-enclosed non-pumping and drainage pad pond structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: the bottom of the pad pond (1) adopts natural terrain or adopts a permeable structure. 3. The non-enclosed non-pumping and drainage pad pond structure according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the bottoms of the concrete walls (2) on both sides are provided with downwardly protruding alveoli (2.1) .

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