CN110760014A - Extraction device and process for extracting selenium polysaccharide from poria cocos - Google Patents
Extraction device and process for extracting selenium polysaccharide from poria cocos Download PDFInfo
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- CN110760014A CN110760014A CN201911130363.6A CN201911130363A CN110760014A CN 110760014 A CN110760014 A CN 110760014A CN 201911130363 A CN201911130363 A CN 201911130363A CN 110760014 A CN110760014 A CN 110760014A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08B—POLYSACCHARIDES; DERIVATIVES THEREOF
- C08B37/00—Preparation of polysaccharides not provided for in groups C08B1/00 - C08B35/00; Derivatives thereof
- C08B37/0003—General processes for their isolation or fractionation, e.g. purification or extraction from biomass
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
- A01G18/20—Culture media, e.g. compost
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
- B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
- B02C18/14—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives within horizontal containers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C23/00—Auxiliary methods or auxiliary devices or accessories specially adapted for crushing or disintegrating not provided for in preceding groups or not specially adapted to apparatus covered by a single preceding group
- B02C23/08—Separating or sorting of material, associated with crushing or disintegrating
- B02C23/16—Separating or sorting of material, associated with crushing or disintegrating with separator defining termination of crushing or disintegrating zone, e.g. screen denying egress of oversize material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C23/00—Auxiliary methods or auxiliary devices or accessories specially adapted for crushing or disintegrating not provided for in preceding groups or not specially adapted to apparatus covered by a single preceding group
- B02C23/08—Separating or sorting of material, associated with crushing or disintegrating
- B02C23/16—Separating or sorting of material, associated with crushing or disintegrating with separator defining termination of crushing or disintegrating zone, e.g. screen denying egress of oversize material
- B02C2023/165—Screen denying egress of oversize material
Abstract
The invention discloses an extraction device and a process for extracting selenium polysaccharide from poria cocos, and the extraction device comprises the following steps: step 1) planting and selecting materials, step 2) preparing materials, step 3) grinding, step 4) extracting, step 5) removing impurities, step 6) decoloring and deodorizing, and step 7) concentrating and drying. According to the invention, firstly, selenium-rich poria cocos is planted, then the poria cocos is subjected to pulp grinding treatment, so that cell walls can be seriously damaged, polysaccharide can be more fully dissolved in later-stage extraction, and protein is more thoroughly removed by twice separation, so that the technical problems of inconvenience in use and low efficiency of the extraction process in the prior art are effectively solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of biological fermentation extraction, and particularly relates to an extraction device and process for extracting selenium polysaccharide from poria cocos.
Background
The poria cocos is a saprophytic fungus, is yellow brown in outer skin, white or pink white in inner skin and is mostly parasitic in pine saprophytic wood, and the poria cocos planted in selenium-rich areas such as the west of Hubei and the south of Shanxi in China contain a large amount of selenium-rich compounds, wherein the selenium polysaccharide content is the most abundant.
According to the investigation of the dietary structure of urban residents in China, the daily intake of adults with selenium is within the range of 20-30 mu g, which is seriously lower than the average intake of 50 mu g specified by the national nutrition society and national standards, and the maximum recommended daily intake of selenium of people in a sub-health state or in a sick state is up to 200 mu g, so that scientific selenium supplement is imperative.
Selenium polysaccharide is an organic selenium compound with dual activities of selenium and polysaccharide, has the effects of resisting tumors and aging, preventing diabetes and cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, and is widely applied to the fields of foods, health-care products and the like.
At present, the processing treatment of extracting selenium polysaccharide from poria cocos applies the following publication number: CN106046192A discloses a process for extracting polysaccharide from tuckahoe, which comprises the following steps: (1) selecting poria cocos raw materials, carrying out ultrafine grinding to obtain poria cocos powder, (2) adding water to the poria cocos coarse powder, soaking the poria cocos coarse powder in the water, then carrying out treatment for 20-25min in 40000Hz ultrasonic waves, (3) carrying out centrifugal separation after water bath, (4) carrying out enzymolysis separation by adopting compound enzyme to obtain filtrate, (5) carrying out protein precipitation and filtration, centrifuging and collecting supernatant, (6) concentrating the pachyman extracting solution to 10-20 of the original volume to obtain pachyman concentrated solution, carrying out spray drying to obtain pachyman, (7) carrying out ultrafiltration, then carrying out column chromatography to obtain purified pachyman, and carrying out freeze drying to obtain pachyman.
Application publication No.: CN105418780A discloses an extraction process of polysaccharide in poria cocos, relates to an extraction process of traditional Chinese medicines, and more particularly relates to an extraction process of polysaccharide in poria cocos. The invention provides the extraction process of the polysaccharide in the poria cocos, which is short in time consumption and high in extraction rate. The method comprises the following steps of pretreating, extracting, adding distilled water into degreased tuckahoe powder at a material-liquid ratio of 1:15-1:25, carrying out ultrasonic extraction at 60-80 ℃ for 25-30 minutes with ultrasonic power of 200-280w, carrying out suction filtration, decolorization, concentration and deproteinization, dissolving crude polysaccharide by using double distilled water, uniformly mixing, adding a mixed solution of chloroform and n-butyl alcohol according to a mass ratio of 4:1-5:1, shaking, taking supernatant, adding ethanol with a mass fraction of 95 of 3-5 times by volume, placing into a refrigerator, standing for 24 hours, centrifuging to obtain deproteinized tuckahoe polysaccharide, and washing to obtain the tuckahoe polysaccharide.
When the pachymaran is prepared by the method, the capability of damaging cell walls of cells in poria cocos is poor, the polysaccharide cannot be completely dissolved in a solution, and the polysaccharide chain is broken due to high temperature, so that the extraction efficiency is low; and the extracted polysaccharide contains a large amount of protein powder and peptide powder, so that the impurity content is high, and the quality is influenced. The polysaccharide extracted by the method has low selenium content or does not contain selenium.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems of low efficiency and poor quality of extracting selenium polysaccharide from poria cocos in the prior art, and provides an extraction device and a process for extracting selenium polysaccharide from poria cocos to solve the defects of the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
an extraction device and a process for extracting selenium polysaccharide from poria cocos comprise the following steps: step 1) planting and selecting materials, step 2) preparing materials, step 3) grinding, step 4) extracting, step 5) removing impurities, step 6) decoloring and deodorizing, and step 7) concentrating and drying.
Further, the process comprises the following steps:
step 1), planting and selecting materials, namely selecting pine sawdust, selenium-rich soil and acidic sandy as growth fungus materials, inoculating poria cocos hyphae, planting and culturing in a greenhouse with the temperature of 22-28 ℃, the humidity of 75-85% and bright light, and harvesting after 3-4 months;
step 2) preparing materials, namely cleaning and peeling the harvested poria cocos, cutting the poria cocos into slices, strips or blocks with the thickness of less than 1cm, and drying the cut poria cocos slices, strips or blocks, wherein the moisture content of the dried poria cocos is less than 5%;
step 3) pulping, namely putting the dried poria cocos into a pulping device, adding 3 times of distilled water by weight for pulping, sieving the pulp with a 200-mesh sieve, and adding 16-22 times of poria cocos by weight of a light saline solution with the concentration of 0.6-0.9% into the pulp;
step 4) extracting, namely raising the temperature of the mixed solution to 56-60 ℃, adding an acidic reagent into the mixed solution, adjusting the pH value to 5.5-6, starting ultrasonic extraction, adjusting the ultrasonic frequency to 35-38kHz and the power to 750w, extracting for 5 minutes, then adjusting the temperature to 62-65 ℃, soaking for 9-12 hours under the condition of stirring, and then carrying out atomization concentration at 75-80 ℃ until the original volume is 18-20%;
adding ethanol with the mass fraction of 95% and the volume of 3-5 times of that of the concentrated solution, standing for 7-8 hours, filtering, removing the filtrate, and keeping the filter residue;
step 5) removing impurities, cleaning filter residues by using an ether solution with 2 times of volume part, filtering, then mixing the residues with clear water with 5 times of mass part, adding 0.2-0.5% of proteolytic enzyme with mass part, and then removing protein by centrifugal separation by adopting a sevage method;
adjusting the pH value of the rest solution to 10.5 with sodium hydroxide or calcium hydroxide solution, freezing and thawing at-17 deg.C, centrifuging, filtering to remove alkaline protein, and neutralizing with hydrochloric acid or acetic acid;
step 6) decoloring and deodorizing, namely adding 0.5 mass percent of adsorbent into the solution, wherein the adsorbent comprises activated carbon particle powder, diatomite and adsorption fibers, adding the adsorbent into the solution, stirring for 20-30 minutes, standing for 40 minutes, performing centrifugal filtration at the rotating speed of 6000 revolutions per minute for 12 minutes, and filtering;
and 7) concentrating and drying, namely concentrating and drying the solution, putting the solution into an atomizer for evaporation and concentration until the concentration is 20-25% of the original solution, then freeze-drying, putting the concentrated solution into a vacuum environment with the temperature of minus 25 ℃, and freeze-drying in vacuum for 12 hours or with the water content of less than 3% under the vacuum degree of 30-50 Pa to obtain water-soluble selenium polysaccharide powder.
Further, in the planting and material selecting process, pine sawdust, selenium-rich soil and acidic sandy are mixed according to the weight ratio of 7:2: 1; the content of selenium element in the selenium-rich soil is not less than 6 ppm; the pH value of the bacterial material is adjusted to 5.5-6 by the acidic sandy soil.
Furthermore, in the grinding process, the tuckahoe can be firstly crushed into 400 meshes of powder, then 21-25 times of light saline solution is added, the concentration of the light saline solution is 0.6-0.9%, then the tuckahoe is sheared for 15-30 minutes at the speed of not less than 6000 revolutions per minute in a high-speed shearing machine, and then the tuckahoe is stood for 10-20 minutes and then extracted.
Further, in the decoloring and deodorizing process, the proportion of the activated carbon particle powder, the diatomite and the adsorption fiber in the adsorbent is 5: 2: 3.
further, in the impurity removal, a microporous filtering membrane is adopted for filtering, and the membrane pores are 50-300 mu m.
Further, the refining device comprises a crushing box and a grinding box; a blanking channel and a liquid inlet pipe are arranged on the crushing box; a material box for containing the dry poria cocos is arranged on the blanking channel; a crushing motor is arranged on one side of the crushing box; a transmission shaft on the crushing motor extends into the crushing box, and a plurality of groups of rotary cutters are arranged in the crushing box; the bottom of the crushing box is provided with a movable bottom shell; the upper part of the grinding box is connected with the crushing box through a communicating pipe; the connecting height of the communicating pipe is positioned above the bottom shell and below the transmission shaft; a filter screen is arranged in the communicating pipe; a rotary drum connected in a rotating manner is arranged in the grinding box; the diameter of the roller is gradually narrowed upwards; the drum is provided with densely distributed 150-mesh meshes; a rotating shaft and a roller motor in transmission connection with the rotating shaft through a chain are arranged on the roller; a slurry outlet and a cleaning port are arranged below the roller; and a pump set is arranged on the slurry outlet to enable the interior of the roller to be in a negative pressure state.
According to the invention, firstly, selenium-rich poria cocos is planted, then the poria cocos is subjected to pulp grinding treatment, so that cell walls can be seriously damaged, polysaccharide can be more fully dissolved in later-stage extraction, and protein is more thoroughly removed by twice separation, so that the technical problems of inconvenience in use and low efficiency of the extraction process in the prior art are effectively solved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of a refining apparatus according to the present application.
In the figure: 1. a material box; 2. a blanking channel; 3. a liquid inlet pipe; 4. a crushing box; 5. a crushing motor; 6. a drive shaft; 7. a bottom case; 8. a rotary cutter; 9. filtering with a screen; 10. a communicating pipe; 11. a drum motor; 12. a rotating shaft; 13. a chain; 14. a milling box; 15. a drum; 16. mesh openings; 17. cleaning the opening; 18. and (6) a slurry outlet.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below, and it is obvious that the embodiments described below are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention in the description of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
1) selecting materials for planting, selecting pine sawdust, selenium-rich soil and acidic sand as growth fungus materials, inoculating Poria mycelium, planting and culturing in a greenhouse with temperature of 22-28 deg.C, humidity of 75-85% and bright light, and harvesting after 3-4 months;
2) preparing materials, namely cleaning and peeling the harvested poria cocos, cutting the poria cocos into slices, strips or blocks with the thickness of less than 1cm, and drying the cut poria cocos slices, strips or blocks, wherein the moisture content after drying is less than 5%;
3) grinding, namely putting the dried poria cocos into a grinding device, adding 3 times of distilled water by weight for grinding, sieving the pulp with a 200-mesh sieve, and adding 16-22 times of poria cocos by weight of a light saline solution with the concentration of 0.6-0.9%;
4) extracting, namely heating the mixed solution to 56-60 ℃, adding an acidic reagent into the mixed solution, adjusting the pH value to 5.5-6, starting ultrasonic extraction, adjusting the ultrasonic frequency to 35-38kHz and the power to 750w, extracting for 5 minutes, then adjusting the temperature to 62-65 ℃, soaking for 9-12 hours under the condition of stirring, and then performing atomization concentration to 18-20% of the original volume at the temperature of 75-80 ℃;
adding ethanol with the mass fraction of 95% and the volume of 3-5 times of that of the concentrated solution, standing for 7-8 hours, filtering, removing the filtrate, and keeping the filter residue;
5) removing impurities, cleaning filter residues with 2 times of volume parts of ether solution, filtering, mixing the residues with 5 times of clear water by mass, adding 0.2-0.5% of proteolytic enzyme by mass, and removing proteins by centrifugal separation by adopting a sevage method;
adjusting the pH value of the rest solution to 10.5 with sodium hydroxide or calcium hydroxide solution, freezing and thawing at-17 deg.C, centrifuging, filtering to remove alkaline protein, and neutralizing with hydrochloric acid or acetic acid;
6) decoloring and deodorizing, namely adding 0.5 mass percent of adsorbent into the solution, wherein the adsorbent comprises activated carbon particle powder, diatomite and adsorption fibers, adding the adsorbent into the solution, stirring for 20-30 minutes, standing for 40 minutes, performing centrifugal filtration at the rotating speed of 6000 revolutions per minute for 12 minutes, and filtering;
7) concentrating and drying, namely concentrating and drying the solution, putting the solution into an atomizer for evaporation and concentration to 20-25% of the original solution, then freeze-drying, putting the concentrated solution into a vacuum environment with the temperature of minus 25 ℃, and freeze-drying the concentrated solution in vacuum for 12 hours or with the water content of less than 3% under the pressure of 30-50 Pa to obtain water-soluble selenium polysaccharide powder.
1) selecting materials for planting, selecting pine sawdust, selenium-rich soil and acidic sand as growth fungus materials, inoculating Poria mycelium, planting and culturing in a greenhouse with temperature of 22-28 deg.C, humidity of 75-85% and bright light, and harvesting after 3-4 months;
2) preparing materials, namely cleaning and peeling the harvested poria cocos, cutting the poria cocos into slices, strips or blocks with the thickness of less than 1cm, and drying the cut poria cocos slices, strips or blocks, wherein the moisture content after drying is less than 5%;
3) grinding the dried poria cocos into 400-mesh powder, adding 21-25 times of a light saline solution with the concentration of 0.6-0.9%, shearing the poria cocos for 15-30 minutes at a speed of not less than 6000 rpm in a high-speed shearing machine, and standing the poria cocos for 10-20 minutes to obtain a mixed solution at the normal temperature;
4) extracting, namely heating the mixed solution to 56-60 ℃, adding an acidic reagent into the mixed solution, adjusting the pH value to 5.5-6, starting ultrasonic extraction, adjusting the ultrasonic frequency to 35-38kHz and the power to 750w, extracting for 5 minutes, then adjusting the temperature to 62-65 ℃, soaking for 9-12 hours under the condition of stirring, and then performing atomization concentration to 18-20% of the original volume at the temperature of 75-80 ℃;
adding ethanol with the mass fraction of 95% and the volume of 3-5 times of that of the concentrated solution, standing for 7-8 hours, filtering, removing the filtrate, and keeping the filter residue;
5) removing impurities, cleaning the filter residue with 2 times volume parts of ether solution, filtering, mixing the residue with 5 times mass parts of clear water, adding 0.2-0.5% mass parts of proteolytic enzyme, and filtering with a microporous filtering membrane with membrane pores of 50-300 μm;
adjusting the pH value of the rest solution to 10.5 with sodium hydroxide or calcium hydroxide solution, freezing and thawing at-17 deg.C, centrifuging, filtering to remove alkaline protein, and neutralizing with hydrochloric acid or acetic acid;
6) decoloring and deodorizing, namely adding 0.5 mass percent of adsorbent into the solution, wherein the adsorbent comprises activated carbon particle powder, diatomite and adsorption fibers, adding the adsorbent into the solution, stirring for 20-30 minutes, standing for 40 minutes, performing centrifugal filtration at the rotating speed of 6000 revolutions per minute for 12 minutes, and filtering;
7) concentrating and drying, namely concentrating and drying the solution, putting the solution into an atomizer for evaporation and concentration to 20-25% of the original solution, then freeze-drying, putting the concentrated solution into a vacuum environment with the temperature of minus 25 ℃, and freeze-drying the concentrated solution in vacuum for 12 hours or with the water content of less than 3% under the pressure of 30-50 Pa to obtain water-soluble selenium polysaccharide powder.
In the planting and material selecting process, pine sawdust, selenium-rich soil and acidic sandy are mixed according to the weight ratio of 7:2: 1; the content of selenium element in the selenium-rich soil is not less than 6 ppm; the pH value of the bacterial material is adjusted to 5.5-6 by the acidic sandy soil.
In the decoloring and deodorizing process, the proportion of the activated carbon particle powder, the diatomite and the adsorption fiber in the adsorbent is 5: 2: 3.
the preparation of selenium polysaccharide, which is a comparison of the present application with the prior art, is shown in the following table,
| quality of Poria cocos | Artificial operation | Amount of material consumed | Time of day | Number of extractions | Purity of extraction | |
| Experimental group | 2000 |
6 | 960.5 yuan | 36 hours | 165 kg | 97.5 |
| Control group | ||||||
| 1 | 2000 |
7 | 1050 yuan | 34 hours | 134 kg | 92.1 |
| Control group | ||||||
| 2 | 2000 |
7 | 988.5 yuan | 42 hours | 129 kg | 93.3％ |
The control group 1 adopts the modes of crushing, ultrasonic leaching and ethanol precipitation; the control group 2 was prepared by crushing, enzymatic extraction, filtration and collection. Through comparison, the method has the advantages of the number of workers and the amount of consumed materials, the distance is further increased in the aspects of extraction quantity and extraction purity, the time is increased by 2 hours compared with that of the control group 1 in the extraction time, and the two hours can be completely covered by considering the benefits brought by the extraction quantity and the extraction purity.
Example 3, according to fig. 1, the refining apparatus comprises a crushing tank 4 and a grinding tank 14; the crushing box is provided with a blanking channel 2 and a liquid inlet pipe 3; a material box 1 for containing dry poria cocos is arranged on the blanking channel; a crushing motor 5 is arranged on one side of the crushing box; a transmission shaft 6 on the crushing motor extends into the crushing box, and a plurality of groups of rotary cutters 8 are arranged in the crushing box; the bottom of the crushing box is provided with a movable bottom shell 7; the upper part of the grinding box is connected with the crushing box through a communicating pipe 10; the connecting height of the communicating pipe is positioned above the bottom shell and below the transmission shaft; a filter screen 8 is arranged in the communicating pipe; a rotary drum 15 connected in a rotating manner is arranged in the grinding box; the diameter of the roller is gradually narrowed upwards; the drum is provided with densely distributed 150-mesh meshes 16; a rotating shaft 12 and a roller motor 11 in transmission connection with the rotating shaft through a chain 13 are arranged on the roller; a slurry outlet 18 and a cleaning port 17 are arranged below the roller; and a pump set is arranged on the slurry outlet to enable the interior of the roller to be in a negative pressure state.
Poria cocos enters a crushing box 4 from a material box 1 through a blanking channel, distilled water enters the crushing box 4 through a liquid inlet pipe 3, and materials and water in the crushing box 4 are mixed into slurry under the high-speed shearing of a plurality of groups of rotary cutters 8; the slurry enters the grinding box through the communicating pipe 10, wherein larger particles are blocked by the filter screen 8 for repeated shearing, and the crushing box 4 is in a state of stirring while shearing, so that the slurry cannot be blocked; after entering the grinding box, the pulp flows downwards along the inner wall of the grinding box and the outer edge of the roller, the roller rotates rapidly to grind the pulp, and the pulp is sucked in from the meshes 16 and discharged through the pulp outlet 18 due to the negative pressure state in the roller.
The mesh 16 is 150 meshes, but the actual fineness of the sheared and ground slurry reaches 400 meshes, and the discharged slurry passes through the 400 meshes, has only few particles and does not influence the subsequent process.
According to the invention, firstly, selenium-rich poria cocos is planted, then the poria cocos is subjected to pulp grinding treatment, so that cell walls can be seriously damaged, polysaccharide can be more fully dissolved in later-stage extraction, and protein is more thoroughly removed by twice separation, so that the technical problems of inconvenience in use and low efficiency of the extraction process in the prior art are effectively solved.
While the invention has been described with reference to specific embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited thereto, and that various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. An extraction device and a process for extracting selenium polysaccharide from poria cocos comprise the following steps: step 1) planting and selecting materials, step 2) preparing materials, step 3) grinding, step 4) extracting, step 5) removing impurities, step 6) decoloring and deodorizing, and step 7) concentrating and drying.
2. The device and process for extracting selenium polysaccharide from poria cocos as claimed in claim 1, wherein the process comprises the following steps:
step 1), planting and selecting materials, namely selecting pine sawdust, selenium-rich soil and acidic sandy as growth fungus materials, inoculating poria cocos hyphae, planting and culturing in a greenhouse with the temperature of 22-28 ℃, the humidity of 75-85% and bright light, and harvesting after 3-4 months;
step 2) preparing materials, namely cleaning and peeling the harvested poria cocos, cutting the poria cocos into slices, strips or blocks with the thickness of less than 1cm, and drying the cut poria cocos slices, strips or blocks, wherein the moisture content of the dried poria cocos is less than 5%;
step 3) pulping, namely putting the dried poria cocos into a pulping device, adding 3 times of distilled water by weight for pulping, sieving the pulp with a 200-mesh sieve, and adding 16-22 times of poria cocos by weight of a light saline solution with the concentration of 0.6-0.9% into the pulp;
step 4) extracting, namely raising the temperature of the mixed solution to 56-60 ℃, adding an acidic reagent into the mixed solution, adjusting the pH value to 5.5-6, starting ultrasonic extraction, adjusting the ultrasonic frequency to 35-38kHz and the power to 750w, extracting for 5 minutes, then adjusting the temperature to 62-65 ℃, soaking for 9-12 hours under the condition of stirring, and then carrying out atomization concentration at 75-80 ℃ until the original volume is 18-20%;
adding ethanol with the mass fraction of 95% and the volume of 3-5 times of that of the concentrated solution, standing for 7-8 hours, filtering, removing the filtrate, and keeping the filter residue;
step 5) removing impurities, cleaning filter residues by using an ether solution with 2 times of volume part, filtering, then mixing the residues with clear water with 5 times of mass part, adding 0.2-0.5% of proteolytic enzyme with mass part, and then removing protein by centrifugal separation by adopting a sevage method;
adjusting the pH value of the rest solution to 10.5 with sodium hydroxide or calcium hydroxide solution, freezing and thawing at-17 deg.C, centrifuging, filtering to remove alkaline protein, and neutralizing with hydrochloric acid or acetic acid;
step 6) decoloring and deodorizing, namely adding 0.5 mass percent of adsorbent into the solution, wherein the adsorbent comprises activated carbon particle powder, diatomite and adsorption fibers, adding the adsorbent into the solution, stirring for 20-30 minutes, standing for 40 minutes, performing centrifugal filtration at the rotating speed of 6000 revolutions per minute for 12 minutes, and filtering;
and 7) concentrating and drying, namely concentrating and drying the solution, putting the solution into an atomizer for evaporation and concentration to 20-25% of the original solution, then freeze-drying, putting the concentrated solution into a vacuum environment with the temperature of 25 ℃ below zero, and freeze-drying in vacuum at the pressure of 30-50 Pa for 12 hours or at the water content of less than 3% to obtain the water-soluble selenium polysaccharide powder.
3. The device and process for extracting selenium polysaccharide from poria cocos as claimed in claim 2, wherein pine wood dust, selenium-rich soil and acidic sandy are mixed in a weight ratio of 7:2:1 in the planting and selecting process; the content of selenium element in the selenium-rich soil is not less than 6 ppm; the pH value of the bacterial material is adjusted to 5.5-6 by the acidic sandy soil.
4. The device and process for extracting selenium polysaccharide from Poria cocos wolf as claimed in claim 2, wherein during the grinding process, Poria cocos can be pulverized into 400 mesh powder, then 21-25 times of light saline solution is added, the concentration of the light saline solution is 0.6-0.9%, then the mixture is sheared for 15-30 minutes at a speed of not less than 6000 rpm in a high-speed shearing machine, and then the mixture is left for 10-20 minutes before extraction.
5. The device and the process for extracting selenium polysaccharide from poria cocos as claimed in claim 2, wherein in the decoloring and deodorizing processes, the proportion of activated carbon particle powder, diatomite and adsorption fibers in the adsorbent is 5: 2: 3.
6. the device and process for extracting selenium polysaccharide from Poria cocos wolf as claimed in claim 2, wherein in the removing impurities, filtering with microporous filtering membrane with pore size of 50-300 μm.
7. The device and process for extracting selenium polysaccharide from poria cocos as claimed in claim 2, wherein the refining device comprises a crushing box and a milling box; a blanking channel and a liquid inlet pipe are arranged on the crushing box; a material box for containing the dry poria cocos is arranged on the blanking channel; a crushing motor is arranged on one side of the crushing box; a transmission shaft on the crushing motor extends into the crushing box, and a plurality of groups of rotary cutters are arranged in the crushing box; the bottom of the crushing box is provided with a movable bottom shell; the upper part of the grinding box is connected with the crushing box through a communicating pipe; the connecting height of the communicating pipe is positioned above the bottom shell and below the transmission shaft; a filter screen is arranged in the communicating pipe; a rotary drum connected in a rotating manner is arranged in the grinding box; the diameter of the roller is gradually narrowed upwards; the drum is provided with densely distributed 150-mesh meshes; a rotating shaft and a roller motor in transmission connection with the rotating shaft through a chain are arranged on the roller; a slurry outlet and a cleaning port are arranged below the roller; and a pump set is arranged on the slurry outlet to enable the interior of the roller to be in a negative pressure state.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111303309A (en) * | 2020-02-19 | 2020-06-19 | 王森林 | Microbial polysaccharide extraction element |
| CN111303309B (en) * | 2020-02-19 | 2021-12-14 | 洛阳市佳运医疗卫生用品有限公司 | Microbial polysaccharide extraction element |
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