CN110751872B - Large-space full-size fire scene simulation experiment control system and method thereof - Google Patents
Large-space full-size fire scene simulation experiment control system and method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a large-space full-size fire scene simulation experiment control system and a method thereof, which are technically characterized in that: the system comprises a simulated fire source and convection smoke generation system, a temperature data acquisition and processing system, a wind speed data acquisition and processing system, a height marking and image acquisition system, a mobile power supply and a control host which are arranged in a tall and big space building; the mobile power supply is connected with the simulated fire source and convection fuming system, the temperature data acquisition and processing system, the wind speed data acquisition and processing system and the height marking and image acquisition system and supplies power to the systems; the control host is internally provided with a data acquisition sub-module, a data storage sub-module and a UI display sub-module to realize the functions of processing and controlling the field data. The invention adopts a 1-WIRE bus mode to carry out networking on the sensors, has the characteristics of simple and convenient wiring and flexible disassembly, has strong stability of data transmission, and simultaneously adopts a smoke generating device with air inlet at two sides to avoid the problem that the air inlet at one side interferes with hot smoke.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of fire detection and control, and particularly relates to a large-space full-size fire scene simulation experiment control system and a method thereof.
Background
With the rapid development of urban construction, a batch of large-space buildings such as conference centers, courtyards and underground projects are newly built in urban buildings, the buildings are often crowded places or places where people are difficult to evacuate, and once a fire disaster occurs, crowd injuries and heavy economic losses are likely to be caused, so that the safety problems of the large-space buildings such as fire disasters and smoke emission are more and more important. Before the large space building is put into operation, safety experiments such as fire smoke and the like need to be carried out on the large space building.
The traditional experimental method usually adopts a cold smoke testing technology and a scale simulation technology, and has at least the following disadvantages: large-space full-size experimental tests cannot be carried out, and the consistency of the reflected indexes and the real fire is insufficient. And because the full-scale fire scene simulation experiment has the objective requirements that the experimental site is changeable, the experimental site circuit system is not finished yet and can not supply power, the site electromagnetic interference factor is complex, the specific position data needs to be compared with the observation records in real time, and the like, the existing fire scene simulation experiment control system mainly has the following problems: (1) the problem that a thermocouple or a thermal resistor is selected as a temperature acquisition module, so that wiring is complex and a conversion test site is inconvenient to disassemble, or a sensor in a single-bus transmission mode is adopted, wiring is simple, but temperature measuring points connected with a loop exceed 16, so that a temperature measuring system is unstable; (2) the problem that the measuring point of the temperature measuring line is fixed and not expandable exists; (3) the tracer smoke generating device adopts a unilateral air inlet mode, and the generated tracer smoke has initial kinetic energy and interferes hot smoke. (4) The problem of inconvenient display and control of the control host: the method only has simple data acquisition and drawing recording functions, and cannot rapidly generate an experimental measuring point arrangement position diagram according to different imported field drawings of a test field; the problem that real-time display data of key position data measuring points in an interface cannot be screened rapidly; the problem that the temperature data acquisition module and the wind speed data acquisition module are incompatible, so that real-time display on the same interface cannot be realized; the sensor for measuring the temperature and the wind speed is arranged at random and redundant positions, and a scientific and simple measuring point arrangement method is not provided.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a large-space full-size fire scene simulation experiment control system and a method thereof, which are stable, strong in expansibility and flexible and convenient to control.
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
a large-space full-size fire scene simulation experiment control system comprises a simulation fire source and convection fuming system, a temperature data acquisition and processing system, a wind speed data acquisition and processing system, a height marking and image acquisition system, a mobile power supply and a control host computer, wherein the simulation fire source and convection fuming system, the temperature data acquisition and processing system, the wind speed data acquisition and processing system, the height marking and image acquisition system and the control host computer are installed in a high and; the mobile power supply is connected with the simulated fire source and convection fuming system, the temperature data acquisition and processing system, the wind speed data acquisition and processing system and the height marking and image acquisition system and supplies power to the systems;
the simulated fire source and convection smoke generating system comprises a simulated fire source and a convection smoke generating device which are arranged at the position of an imaginary fire point of a tall and big space building;
the temperature data acquisition system comprises a plurality of groups of high-temperature-resistant thermocouple strings arranged around the simulated fire source and a plurality of groups of sensor strings arranged along the long edge of a tall and big space building, wherein each group of sensor strings are connected together through a 1-WIRE bus and connected to a plurality of paths of collectors, and the plurality of paths of collectors are connected in series and then connected with a control host through a data analyzer; each group of high-temperature-resistant thermocouple strings is connected with the control host through the protocol converter;
the wind speed data acquisition and processing system comprises a multi-point flow velocity sensor which is arranged right below a smoke outlet or an air supply outlet to be detected and is connected with a control host;
the height marking and image acquisition system comprises a smoke scale and an image acquisition instrument which are arranged in a tall and big space building, and the image acquisition instrument is connected with the control host;
and a data acquisition sub-module, a data storage sub-module and a UI display sub-module are arranged in the control host to realize the functions of processing and controlling field data.
Furthermore, the simulated fire source comprises a protective cover and six oil-burning discs, and the six oil-burning discs are arranged in the middle of the bottom in the protective cover in two rows and three columns; convection current formula smoke generating device is for installing the smoke generating device outside the safety cover and relative setting, and smoke generating device upper portion is equipped with flexible pipe, and the tip of two flexible pipes is located six fuel dish centers directly over the position, has the cake of giving out smoke of crimping together in smoke generating device internally mounted.
Furthermore, the high-temperature resistant thermocouple strings are divided into two groups, and each group of high-temperature resistant thermocouple strings consists of a plurality of high-temperature resistant thermocouples which are connected in series; the sensor cluster is four groups, the multichannel collection appearance is six way collection appearance and is four, and every group sensor cluster is established ties by eight temperature sensor and is constituteed, and the head and the tail end of every group sensor cluster adopt primary and secondary aviation plug to connect, and four groups sensor clusters adopt parallel mode to connect on a bus and be connected to the multichannel collection appearance.
Further, the sensor string is connected to a 1-WIRE bus in a parallel mode, and the positive electrode lines and the negative electrode lines of all the sensors on the 1-WIRE bus are shared, so that power supply in a parallel mode is realized.
Furthermore, the wind speed data acquisition and processing system comprises 32 flow velocity sensors, the 32 flow velocity sensors are connected to an RS-485 bus in a parallel mode, and the RS-485 bus is connected to the control host in a network cable mode through an Ethernet adapter output RJ45 bus.
Further, the distribution method of the wind speed data acquisition and processing system in the tall and big space building comprises the following steps: taking the most unfavorable point of smoke discharge of tall and big space buildings as the center of a circle, and taking the nearest smoke discharge valve in a circular area with the radius of 30m as a wind speed observation position; the multipoint flow velocity sensor is arranged at a position 0.5m below the smoke outlet or the air supply outlet to be measured, and the measuring point arrangement mode is as follows:
area of the air opening is less than 4m2The small-section tuyere adopts 5 measuring points;
the area of the tuyere is larger than 4m2The rectangular interface is divided into a plurality of rectangles with equal areas according to the size of the section of the tuyere, a measuring point is arranged at the center of each small rectangle in the drawing, and the length of each side of each small rectangle is about 0.5 m;
the area of the air inlet is more than 4m2At least two measuring points are arranged in the height direction of the strip-shaped tuyere, and 4-6 measuring points are taken along the length direction of the strip-shaped tuyere;
fourth, the area of the air inlet is larger than 4m2The circular fan cover draws a circle by taking 0.5R as a radius, and at least takes 5 measuring points comprising a central point; if the air flow of the tuyere is inclined, a short pipe with the length of 0.5-1 m and the same section size as the tuyere is installed for measurement.
Further, the arrangement height of the lowest temperature measuring point on the sensor string is the minimum visible height h when people escape0When the space clearance height h is not more than 3m, taking the minimum visible height as half of the space clearance height; when the space headroom is greater than 3m, the minimum visible height h0Calculated from the following formula:
h0＝1.6+0.1h。
further, the smog scale includes the base, and a sleeve pipe is installed to this base upper end an organic whole, and this sleeve pipe is vertical upwards to be set up, and the distance of sleeve pipe top to terminal surface is 1.5 meters under the base, the intraductal cavity of cover forms a cavity, and an opening is made to this cavity upper end, wear to be equipped with an inner tube in the cavity, this inner tube can stretch out by the cavity when being located the host computer state, at least one branch of upper end movable mounting of inner tube, each branch, inner tube and sleeve pipe are installed in order from top to bottom and all are mutually perpendicular with the base.
A large-space full-size fire scene simulation experiment control method comprises the following steps:
8, issuing an MODBUS instruction to a single customized acquisition instrument through a TCP/IP protocol to acquire 6 pieces of corresponding bus data;
and step 16, fixing the coordinate position of the control, extracting effective data from the stored data designated file, and realizing real-time display.
Further, the system interface comprises a configuration unit arranged on the upper part of the screen, a measuring point self-defining unit arranged in the middle of the screen, a dragging frame of a bus temperature sensor No. 1-4, a data rapid screening unit, a temperature-time diagram display unit and a dragging frame of a bus flow velocity sensor No. 5, wherein the dragging frame is arranged from left to right on the bottom; the temperature real-time display frames of the sensor strings on the 4 buses are embedded in the lower left of the system interface, each sensor string temperature real-time display frame is provided with a pull-down sub display menu for displaying the position and the real-time temperature of the temperature sensor of the sensor string in real time, and each sensor string temperature real-time display frame can be arbitrarily dragged to an appointed position by a mouse and stores position information.
The invention has the advantages and positive effects that:
1. the invention adopts a 1-WIRE bus mode to perform networking on the sensors, a plurality of sensors are assembled into a sensor string, and the sensors are powered in a parallel mode to reduce the WIRE harness amount and are connected into the same loop; meanwhile, a plurality of groups of sensor strings use a 1-WIRE bus connection mode, and the positive (VCC) and negative (GND) WIREs of all the sensors are shared, so that the characteristics of simple and convenient wiring and flexible disassembly of the 1-WIRE bus mode are reserved, a loop is provided with a small number of sensors, and the stability of data transmission of the loop is ensured.
2. The invention adopts the flue gas generating device with air intake at two sides, so that the initial kinetic energy of the air intake at two sides can be mutually offset, and the problem that the initial kinetic energy of the tracer flue gas of the flue gas generating device with air intake at one side interferes the hot flue gas is avoided.
3. The two ends of the sensor string adopt the primary-secondary head aviation plug structure, so that the expandability of the sensor string is improved.
4. The invention simultaneously monitors the functions of the temperature measuring point and the wind speed and flow measuring point on the same interface of the control host, the flow velocity sensor is arranged below the smoke exhaust port closest to the circle center in a circular area which takes the farthest position (the most unfavorable point) of a large space distance smoke exhaust fan as the circle center and takes 30m as the radius, the arrangement number of the flow velocity sensors can be effectively reduced on the premise of not influencing the experimental effect, and the global control of the temperature and wind speed environment of the key position can be realized by simultaneously monitoring the temperature measuring point and the wind speed and flow measuring point on the same interface in real time.
5. The invention can display the test state in real time on the software interface of the control host, import the site test site plan in real time, customize the position of the 'sensor string temperature real-time display frame' on the plan, quickly screen the key position data measuring points and export the key position data measuring points in real time for storage, quickly generate the test measuring point arrangement position diagram according to different import site drawings of the test site, and is convenient for experimenters to visually read the test data in real time.
6. The invention has reasonable design, establishes a set of scientific, rapid and optimized arrangement method for measuring points of the temperature and flow velocity sensor, and can be widely applied to the field of large-space full-size fire scene simulation experiments.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall arrangement of a large-space full-size fire scene simulation experiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing a mounting position of a flow rate sensor;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a simulated fire source and convection smoking device;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the installation configuration of a puff cake in the smoking device;
FIG. 5 is a connection diagram of a temperature data acquisition processing system;
FIG. 6 is a sensor concatenation chart;
FIG. 7 is a 1-WIRE bus wiring diagram;
FIG. 8a is a schematic view of the arrangement of the measuring points of the flow velocity sensor in the state of a small-section tuyere;
FIG. 8b is a schematic view showing the arrangement of the measuring points of the flow rate sensor in the rectangular tuyere state;
FIG. 8c is a schematic view showing the arrangement of the measuring points of the flow rate sensor in the state of the slit-shaped tuyere;
FIG. 8d is a schematic view showing the arrangement of the measuring points of the flow rate sensor in the state of the circular tuyere;
FIG. 9a is a schematic view of a smoke scale;
FIG. 9b is an enlarged view of portion A of FIG. 9 a;
FIG. 9c is an enlarged view of part B of FIG. 9 a;
FIG. 10 is a block diagram of control host system software modules and a process flow diagram;
FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a control host system software interface;
FIG. 12 is a drop-down display interface diagram of a sensor string temperature real-time display box under the control host system software interface;
in the figure, 1-tall and large space building, 2-simulated fire source, 3-convection type smoke generating device, 4-high temperature resistant thermocouple string, 5-sensor string, 6-1-WIRE bus, 7-customized acquisition instrument, 8-mobile power supply, 9-scale, 10-image acquisition instrument, 11-most unfavorable point of room smoke exhaust, 12-multi-point type flow velocity sensor, 13-smoke exhaust valve, 14-smoke exhaust machine room, 15-protective cover, 16-telescopic pipe, 17-smoke generating cake and 18-oil burning disc.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
A large-space full-size fire scene simulation experiment control system is shown in figures 1 and 2 and comprises a simulated fire source and convection fuming system, a temperature data acquisition and processing system, a wind speed data acquisition and processing system, a height marking and image acquisition system, a mobile power supply 8 and a control host which are installed in a tall and large space building 1. The portable power source is connected with the simulated fire source and convection fuming system, the temperature data acquisition and processing system, the wind speed data acquisition and processing system, the height mark and image acquisition system and supplies power to the systems, and the control host is connected with the temperature data acquisition and processing system, the wind speed data acquisition and processing system, the height mark and image acquisition system, so that data processing and control functions of the systems are achieved.
The simulated fire source and convection fuming system, the temperature data acquisition and processing system, the wind speed data acquisition and processing system and the height marking and image acquisition system are composed of the following installation positions:
the simulated fire source and convection smoke generating system comprises a simulated fire source 2 and a convection type smoke generating device 3 which are installed at the position of an imaginary fire point of a tall and big space building. The temperature data acquisition system comprises two groups of high-temperature-resistant thermocouple strings 4 arranged around a simulated fire source and four groups of sensor strings 5 arranged along the long edge of a tall and big space building, wherein each group of sensor strings are connected together through a 1-WIRE bus 6, one end of each group of sensor strings is connected with a customized acquisition instrument 7 (a multi-channel acquisition instrument), and each customized acquisition instrument is connected to a control host. The wind speed data acquisition and processing system comprises a multi-point flow velocity sensor 12, a smoke exhaust machine room 14 is arranged in a tall and big space building, a smoke exhaust valve 13 is arranged on a smoke exhaust pipeline communicated with the smoke exhaust machine room 14, and the multi-point flow velocity sensor is arranged at a position which is 0.5m away from a smoke exhaust port or an air supply port to be measured. The height marking and image acquisition system comprises a smoke scale 9 with height scales and an image acquisition instrument 10 which are arranged in a tall and big space building and used for recording the thickness change of the smoke layer, and the image acquisition instrument is connected with a control host.
The specific structure of simulation fire source and convection current smoke generating system is as shown in fig. 3, and the simulation fire source includes safety cover 15 and fuel oil dish 18, and the fuel oil dish is six and places in the middle of the bottom in the safety cover with the form of two rows three columns, and convection current formula smoke generating device is for installing two smoke generating device that set up outside the safety cover relatively, adopts two side air inlet modes can make the initial kinetic energy of two side air inlets offset each other, avoids the interference of unilateral air inlet to hot flue gas. The smoking device is internally provided with the smoking cakes 17, the smoking cakes are pressed together to form a ring shape, and as shown in figure 4, the pressed smoking cakes can achieve the effect of burning the smoking cakes sequentially. The upper part of the smoke generating device is provided with a telescopic pipe 16, and the end parts of the telescopic pipes can be adjusted by adopting the telescopic pipes, so that the end parts of the two telescopic pipes are positioned right above the centers of the six fuel oil discs.
The specific structure and connection relationship of the temperature data acquisition and processing system are shown in fig. 5-7, and the system comprises two groups of heat-resistant and high-temperature-resistant galvanic couple strings, four groups of sensor strings, four customized acquisition instruments and one data analyzer. Each group of heat-resistant and high-temperature-resistant thermocouple strings consists of eight high-temperature-resistant thermocouples which are connected in series and are connected to the control host through the protocol converter. The temperature sensors in the sensor strings adopt 1-WIRE bus digital temperature sensors (DS18B20), 8 temperature sensors form a group of sensor strings (I type line; 6.5m), the interval of each temperature sensor is 0.5m, and the head end and the tail end of each temperature sensor are connected by a primary-secondary aviation plug, so that the purpose of expanding the number of the sensor strings is achieved. Multiple groups of sensor strings are connected to one bus (type III line; 80m) in a parallel mode, the interval between the sensor strings is 15m, and when the length needs to be expanded, the sensor strings can be connected with the bus through a compensation lead (type II line; 6.5 m). The sensor power supply adopts a parallel mode to reduce the WIRE harness amount so as to achieve the aim of light weight, and the specific method is to share the positive pole (VCC) and the negative pole (GND) of 48 sensors on the 1-WIRE bus. Each customized acquisition instrument provides 6 bus acquisition interfaces, 6 groups of sensor strings can be accessed at most, 48 sensors are counted, and 192 sensors can be accessed to the four customized acquisition instruments. The four customized collectors are connected in series by adopting a collector series conductor (IV type line; 15m), and then connected in series with a data analyzer by adopting an analyzer series conductor (V type line; 15m), and the data analyzer is respectively connected with the control host through a TCP communication line (VII type line; 5m) and is connected with the mobile power supply through a power line (VI type line; 15 m).
The wind speed data acquisition and processing system comprises 32 multipoint flow velocity sensors, the 32 multipoint flow velocity sensors are connected to an RS-485 bus in a parallel mode, and the RS-485 bus is connected to a control host in a network cable mode through an Ethernet adapter output RJ45 bus. In this example, the flow rate sensor is of the Kurz 360208-F454 FTB type.
The distribution method of the temperature data acquisition and processing system in the tall and big space building comprises the following steps: as shown in figure 1, two groups of high-temperature-resistant thermocouple strings are arranged around the simulated fire source, and four groups of buses and measuring points thereof are arranged on the long sides of a tall and big space building. The arrangement height of the lowest temperature measuring point on the sensor string (class I line) is the minimum visible height (h) when people escape0) When the space headroom (h) is not more than 3m, the minimum visible height is half of the space headroom; minimum visible height (h) when space headroom is greater than 3m0) Calculated from the following formula:
h0＝1.6+0.1h(m)。
the invention discloses a point distribution method of a wind speed data acquisition and processing system in a tall and big space building, which comprises the following steps: according to the relevant experiments, the following results are obtained: as the protection radius of one smoke exhaust valve is 30m, the most unfavorable point of smoke exhaust of a tall and big space building is taken as the center of a circle, the nearest smoke exhaust valve in a circular area with the radius of 30m is the key wind speed observation position of the experiment, as shown in figure 2, according to the method, the key wind speed observation position is found, and the flow velocity sensor is arranged, so that whether the smoke exhaust capacity of the smoke exhaust system at the position meets the design requirement can be judged by using the fewest measurement points. When the flow velocity sensor is specifically arranged, a single-point arrangement or a combined arrangement mode can be adopted, and the arrangement method is as follows:
1) small section tuyere (tuyere area less than 4 m)2) 5 stations can be used, as shown in FIG. 8 a.
2) When the area of the tuyere is more than 4m2In the case of a rectangular tuyere, as shown in FIG. 8b, the area is divided into several areas according to the sectional size of the tuyereEqual rectangles, the measuring points are arranged at the center of each small rectangle in the figure, and the length of each side of each small rectangle is about 0.5 m; for the strip-shaped tuyere, as shown in FIG. 8c, at least two measuring points are arranged in the height direction, and 4-6 measuring points can be taken along the length direction; for a circular fan housing, as shown in fig. 8d, a circle is drawn with 0.5R as a radius, and at least 5 measuring points (including a central point) are taken. And at least 5 measuring points are taken. If the air flow of the tuyere is inclined, a short pipe with the length of 0.5-1 m and the same section size as the tuyere can be temporarily installed for measurement.
3) Calculating the average wind speed of the smoke exhaust port according to the following formula:
Vp＝(V1+V2+V3+……+Vn)/n
in the formula:
Vp-tuyere mean wind speed, m/s;
V1、V2、V3、……Vn-wind speed at each measurement point, m/s;
n-total number of measurement points
4) The smoke discharge amount was calculated according to the following formula.
L＝3600Vp·F
In the formula:
l-amount of discharged Smoke, m3/h
VpAverage wind speed of smoke outlet, m/s
F-effective area of exhaust port, m2
5) The total smoke discharge of a smoke-protection subarea is calculated according to the following formula.
LGeneral assembly＝L1+L2+L3+……+Ln
In the formula:
Lgeneral assemblyTotal smoke output, m, of a smoke-protection sub-area3/h；
L1、L2、L3、……Ln-the amount of smoke discharged from each tuyere, m3/h；
As shown in fig. 9a, 9b and 9c, the smoke scale 9 in the height marking and image collecting system includes a base 9-4, a sleeve 9-3 is installed at the upper end of the base, the sleeve is vertically arranged upwards, the distance from the top of the sleeve to the lower end face of the base is 1.5 m, a cavity is formed in the sleeve, an opening is formed in the upper end of the cavity, an inner tube 9-2 penetrates through the cavity, the inner tube can extend out of the cavity when in an upper state, at least one support rod 9-1 can be movably installed at the upper end of the inner tube, and each support rod, the inner tube and the sleeve are installed in sequence from top to bottom and are all perpendicular to the base. In this embodiment, the length of the inner tube is greater than 1 meter and not greater than the length of the cavity formed by the sleeve. The length of the supporting rod is 1 meter, and the outer edge of each supporting rod can be provided with scales. The outer surfaces of adjacent struts are coated with different colors, preferably a color that is distinguishable from the background color. The outer edge of the inner pipe is provided with external threads 9-8, and the inner edge of the cavity body manufactured by the sleeve is provided with internal threads 9-7 matched with the internal threads. The upper end part of each supporting rod is provided with a screw rod 9-6, the lower end part of each supporting rod is provided with a screw hole 9-5, and two adjacent supporting rods are sequentially fixed through the screw rods and the screw holes. The upper end of the inner pipe is integrally provided with a screw rod which is used for being installed with a screw hole formed by the screw rod.
When the smog scale is in concrete application, according to the corresponding quantity's of high installation branch of subway platform, be not enough to reach the subway platform top when N branch quantity, and N +1 branch is by surpassing the subway platform top, installs N branch earlier, and its not enough part is mended neat through the lift inner tube, ensures that branch upper end and subway platform top reach contact state and perpendicular mutually with subway platform ground, can carry out corresponding experiment this moment. The thickness of the smoke can be intuitively known by observing the number of the support rods blocked by the smoke above the support rods in the using process; the vertical distance from the sleeve to the lower end face of the base is set to be 1.5 meters, the limit value of the smoke thickness is calibrated, when the smoke thickness is too thick and the distance from the bottom of the smoke thickness to the ground of the subway platform is less than 1.5 meters, the situation that a large amount of smoke is sucked even if field personnel are in a creeping state when a fire disaster occurs in the area is indicated, and great danger exists; adopt screw rod cooperation sleeve pipe to and the structure of screw rod cooperation screw, make up sleeve pipe, inner tube and branch, rational in infrastructure, the technology is mature, low cost, but fast assembly when using can dismantle the transportation of being convenient for after using.
And large-space full-size fire scene simulation experiment processing system software is installed on the control host, and the processing system software comprises a data acquisition sub-module, a data storage sub-module and a UI display sub-module.
The data acquisition submodule can realize the bus polling function of the sensor data of the 1-WIRE bus, the MODBUS protocol analysis function of the data on the RS-485 bus, and the IEEE-754 floating point number analysis function, and collects the sensor data into the buffer area.
And the data storage submodule precisely times data in the buffer area in a synchronous thread mode, and stores the sensor data and the timestamp into a file for real-time updating.
The UI display sub-module provides functions of real-time data display of sensor data, rolling display of historical data curves, interactive dragging change of a sensor interface and the like.
The three sub-modules work in a synchronous thread mode, and communicate with each other by adopting semaphores.
The control method based on the large-space full-size fire scene simulation experiment control system comprises the following steps as shown in fig. 10:
And 2, starting the program to run, initializing the UI, enabling the UI display sub-module, reading the UI interface interaction information and restoring the UI interface interaction information to the last use state, and meanwhile, importing any engineering drawing as a display background to facilitate the personalized drawing of the temperature and wind speed distribution diagram.
And step 3, initializing equipment, initializing a TCP/IP protocol port and enabling a software server mode.
And 4, initializing the serial port, and initializing the serial port communication state.
And 5, initializing a thread, and enabling the data acquisition submodule and the data storage submodule.
And 6, trying to open the TCP communication gateway port circularly until the TCP communication gateway port is opened successfully, and entering the next step.
And 7, acquiring the sensor bus information, and starting the data acquisition submodule after the sensor bus information is successfully acquired.
And 8, issuing a MODBUS instruction to a single customized acquisition instrument through a TCP/IP protocol to acquire 6 pieces of corresponding bus data.
And 9, changing the ID of the MODBUS, and repeating polling the bus data for 4 times.
And step 10, acquiring all sensor data including temperature data of a temperature sensor on a No. 1-4 bus and wind speed, wind temperature and flow data of a flow velocity sensor on a No. 5 bus. When the data appears infinite or negative, the data is regarded as Error data and is marked as Error.
And 11, outputting the temperature data of the temperature sensors on the No. 1-4 buses and the wind speed, wind temperature and flow data of the flow velocity sensors on the No. 5 buses to a buffer area.
And step 12, analyzing the data, and defining a time stamp for each data sequence. And packaging the current data and the time stamp and storing the current data and the time stamp into a specified file through a data storage module.
As shown in fig. 11, the control host system interface includes an uppermost configuration unit, a middle measurement point customization unit, and a dragging frame of bus temperature sensors No. 1-4, a data screening unit, a temperature display unit, and a dragging frame of bus flow rate sensors No. 5 from left to right at the bottom. The temperature real-time display frame of 32 groups of sensor strings on 4 buses is embedded at the lower left of a system interface (8 groups of sensor strings are connected on each bus, wherein 2 groups of sensor strings are redundancy), the temperature real-time display frame of each sensor string is provided with a pull-down sub display menu, the positions and the real-time temperatures of 8 temperature sensors of the group of sensor strings can be displayed in real time (as shown in figure 12), and the temperature real-time display frame of each sensor string can be arbitrarily dragged to a specified position by a mouse and stores position information, so that the personalized customization of a system data acquisition interface is realized.
And step 13, after the UI display sub-module is started, judging whether a mouse click event exists or not, if not, extracting effective data from the stored data designated file and realizing real-time display. And if so, marking the current click coordinate as an absolute coordinate offset.
And step 15, setting the current control coordinate as the mouse moving coordinate plus offset.
And step 16, fixing the coordinate position of the control, extracting effective data from the stored data designated file, and realizing real-time display.
Nothing in this specification is said to apply to the prior art.
It should be emphasized that the embodiments described herein are illustrative rather than restrictive, and thus the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described in the detailed description, but also includes other embodiments that can be derived from the technical solutions of the present invention by those skilled in the art.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a large space full-scale conflagration scene simulation experiment control system which characterized in that: the system comprises a simulated fire source and convection fuming system, a temperature data acquisition and processing system, a wind speed data acquisition and processing system, a height marking and image acquisition system, a mobile power supply and a control host which are arranged in a high and large space building; the mobile power supply is connected with the simulated fire source and convection fuming system, the temperature data acquisition and processing system, the wind speed data acquisition and processing system and the height marking and image acquisition system and supplies power to the systems;
the simulated fire source and convection smoke generating system comprises a simulated fire source and a convection smoke generating device which are arranged at the position of an imaginary fire point of a tall and big space building;
the temperature data acquisition system comprises a plurality of groups of high-temperature-resistant thermocouple strings arranged around the simulated fire source and a plurality of groups of sensor strings arranged along the long edge of a tall and big space building, wherein each group of sensor strings are connected together through a 1-WIRE bus and connected to a plurality of paths of collectors, and the plurality of paths of collectors are connected in series and then connected with a control host through a data analyzer; each group of high-temperature-resistant thermocouple strings is connected with the control host through the protocol converter;
the wind speed data acquisition and processing system comprises a multi-point flow velocity sensor which is arranged right below a smoke outlet or an air supply outlet to be detected and is connected with a control host;
the height marking and image acquisition system comprises a smoke scale and an image acquisition instrument which are arranged in a tall and big space building, and the image acquisition instrument is connected with the control host;
a data acquisition sub-module, a data storage sub-module and a UI display sub-module are arranged in the control host to realize the functions of processing and controlling field data;
the distribution method of the wind speed data acquisition and processing system in the tall and big space building comprises the following steps: taking the most unfavorable point of smoke discharge of tall and big space buildings as the center of a circle, and taking the nearest smoke discharge valve in a circular area with the radius of 30m as a wind speed observation position; the multipoint flow velocity sensor is arranged at a position 0.5m below the smoke outlet or the air supply outlet to be measured, and the measuring point arrangement mode is as follows:
area of the air opening is less than 4m2The small-section tuyere adopts 5 measuring points;
the area of the tuyere is larger than 4m2The rectangular interface is divided into a plurality of rectangles with equal areas according to the size of the section of the tuyere, a measuring point is arranged at the center of each small rectangle in the drawing, and the length of each side of each small rectangle is about 0.5 m;
the area of the air inlet is more than 4m2At least two measuring points are arranged in the height direction of the strip-shaped tuyere, and 4-6 measuring points are taken along the length direction of the strip-shaped tuyere;
fourth, the area of the air inlet is larger than 4m2The circular fan cover draws a circle by taking 0.5R as a radius, and at least takes 5 measuring points comprising a central point; if the air flow of the tuyere is inclined, a short pipe with the length of 0.5-1 m and the same section size as the tuyere is installed for measurement.
2. The large-space full-size fire scene simulation experiment control system according to claim 1, wherein: the simulated fire source comprises a protective cover and six oil-burning discs, and the six oil-burning discs are arranged in the middle of the bottom in the protective cover in two rows and three rows; convection current formula smoke generating device is for installing the smoke generating device outside the safety cover and relative setting, and smoke generating device upper portion is equipped with flexible pipe, and the tip of two flexible pipes is located six fuel dish centers directly over the position, has the cake of giving out smoke of crimping together in smoke generating device internally mounted.
3. The large-space full-size fire scene simulation experiment control system according to claim 1, wherein: the high-temperature resistant thermocouple strings are divided into two groups, and each group of high-temperature resistant thermocouple strings is formed by connecting a plurality of high-temperature resistant thermocouples in series; the sensor cluster is four groups, the multichannel collection appearance is six way collection appearance and is four, and every group sensor cluster is established ties by eight temperature sensor and is constituteed, and the head and the tail end of every group sensor cluster adopt primary and secondary aviation plug to connect, and four groups sensor clusters adopt parallel mode to connect on a bus and be connected to the multichannel collection appearance.
4. The large-space full-size fire scene simulation experiment control system according to claim 1, wherein: the sensor string is connected to a 1-WIRE bus in a parallel mode, and the positive electrode lines and the negative electrode lines of all the sensors on the 1-WIRE bus are shared, so that power supply in a parallel mode is realized.
5. The large-space full-size fire scene simulation experiment control system according to claim 1, wherein: the wind speed data acquisition and processing system comprises 32 flow velocity sensors, wherein the 32 flow velocity sensors are connected to an RS-485 bus in a parallel mode, and the RS-485 bus is connected to a control host in a network cable mode through an Ethernet adapter output RJ45 bus.
6. The large-space full-size fire scene simulation experiment control system according to claim 1, wherein: the arrangement height of the lowest temperature measuring point on the sensor string is the minimum visible height h when people escape0When the space clearance h is not more thanAt 3m, the minimum visible height is half of the space clearance height; when the space headroom is greater than 3m, the minimum visible height h0Calculated from the following formula:
h0＝1.6+0.1h。
7. the large-space full-size fire scene simulation experiment control system according to claim 1, wherein: the smog scale comprises a base, a sleeve is integrally installed at the upper end of the base, the sleeve is vertically arranged upwards, the distance from the top of the sleeve to the lower end face of the base is 1.5 m, a cavity is formed in the sleeve, an opening is formed in the upper end of the cavity, an inner pipe is arranged in the cavity in a penetrating mode, the inner pipe can be stretched out of the cavity when the inner pipe is located in an upper state, at least one supporting rod is movably installed at the upper end of the inner pipe, and all the supporting rods, the inner pipe and the sleeve are sequentially installed from top to bottom and are perpendicular to the base.
8. A large-space full-size fire scene simulation experiment control method is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
step 1, a control host collects field data collected by a temperature data collecting and processing system, a wind speed data collecting and processing system and a height mark and image collecting system;
step 2, starting the program to run, initializing the UI, enabling the UI display sub-module, reading UI interface interaction information and restoring the UI interface interaction information to a previous use state, and meanwhile, importing any engineering drawing as a display background to facilitate the personalized drawing of a temperature and wind speed distribution diagram;
step 3, equipment initialization, initializing a TCP/IP protocol port and enabling software to enter a server mode;
step 4, serial port initialization, initializing the serial port communication state;
step 5, thread initialization is carried out, so that the data acquisition submodule and the data storage submodule enter a quasi-working state;
step 6, trying to open the TCP communication gateway port circularly until the TCP communication gateway port is opened successfully, and entering the next step;
step 7, acquiring the sensor bus information, and starting a data acquisition submodule after the sensor bus information is successfully acquired;
8, issuing an MODBUS instruction to a single customized acquisition instrument through a TCP/IP protocol to acquire 6 pieces of corresponding bus data;
step 9, changing the ID of the MODBUS, and repeating polling of bus data for 4 times;
step 10, acquiring all sensor data, including temperature data of a temperature sensor on a No. 1-4 bus and wind speed, wind temperature and flow data of a flow velocity sensor on a No. 5 bus, and when the data is infinite or negative, the data is regarded as Error data and marked as Error;
step 11, outputting temperature data of a temperature sensor on the No. 1-4 bus and wind speed, wind temperature and flow data of a flow velocity sensor on the No. 5 bus to a buffer area;
step 12, analyzing the data, defining a time stamp for each data sequence, packaging the current data and the time stamp, and storing the current data and the time stamp into a specified file through a data storage module;
step 13, after starting the UI display sub-module, judging whether a mouse click event exists or not, if not, extracting effective data from the stored data designated file and realizing real-time display; if yes, marking the current click coordinate as an absolute coordinate offset;
step 14, judging whether the mouse is bounced, if so, entering step 16; if not, entering step 15;
step 15, setting the current control coordinate as the mouse moving coordinate plus offset;
step 16, fixing the coordinate position of the control, extracting effective data from the stored data designated file and realizing real-time display;
the system interface comprises a configuration unit arranged on the upper part of a screen, a measuring point self-defining unit arranged in the middle of the screen, a dragging frame of a bus temperature sensor No. 1-4, a data rapid screening unit, a temperature-time chart display unit and a bus flow velocity sensor No. 5, wherein the dragging frame is arranged from left to right at the bottom; the temperature real-time display frames of the sensor strings on the 4 buses are embedded in the lower left of the system interface, each sensor string temperature real-time display frame is provided with a pull-down sub display menu for displaying the position and the real-time temperature of the temperature sensor of the sensor string in real time, and each sensor string temperature real-time display frame can be arbitrarily dragged to an appointed position by a mouse and stores position information.
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