CN114689111B - Real-time acquisition system, real-time acquisition equipment and real-time acquisition method for three-dimensional fire scene information - Google Patents
Real-time acquisition system, real-time acquisition equipment and real-time acquisition method for three-dimensional fire scene information Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a real-time acquisition system, real-time acquisition equipment and a real-time acquisition method for three-dimensional fire scene information. The real-time acquisition system comprises a main body structure which can be connected with the inner wall of the upper part of the space; a trigger connected to the body structure to activate according to ambient conditions; a housing connected to the main body structure and the trigger to be peeled off in accordance with the triggering of the trigger, the housing being provided therein with a sensor string including a plurality of sensors connected in series in sequence by a flexible wire to sense characteristic information of the surrounding environment, in a compact state in which the flexible wire is contracted when not activated, and in an extended state in which the flexible wire is extended when activated so that the plurality of sensors hang down at a distance from each other; and the transmission module is connected to the main structure and connected with the upper end of the sensor string, and is used for collecting data from the sensor string and transmitting the data to the server. The system can provide higher reliability by transmitting real-time fire scene data, and provides important basic information for fire evolution prediction.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of fire safety systems, in particular to a real-time acquisition system, real-time acquisition equipment and a real-time acquisition method for three-dimensional fire scene information of intelligent fire protection.
Background
Building fire often has characteristics such as rapid development of fire, easy casualties, and high search and rescue difficulty. On one hand, the combustible materials arranged randomly are not only beneficial to the spread of fire, but also bring a plurality of uncertainties to fire scenes; on the other hand, the visibility of the smoke generated by the fire disaster is reduced, and the difficulty of fire rescue is further increased. The real-time fire scene information is not only the basic basis for formulating fire strategy and evacuation and rescue schemes, but also the judgment index of part of fire hazard phenomena such as flash-back and flashback.
In addition, although the existing intelligent fire protection system can predict the space-time evolution of fire by adopting means of artificial intelligence, big data and the like, accurate and reliable real-time fire scene information is required to be used as input. Existing monitoring devices or sensors have difficulty collecting adequate and reliable fire information. Therefore, the method has important application significance for ascertaining the fire scene information. However, real fire scene information is often difficult to obtain: for example, conventional monitoring equipment will not function properly due to shielding of high concentration flue gas; and because of the limitations of aesthetic property, space functionality and the like, equipment such as a temperature sensor, a thermocouple tree and the like cannot be conveniently arranged on a large scale in the building, and if the sensor is only arranged on a vault of the building, the obtained information is single.
In summary, existing fire detection techniques are unreliable in fire scenarios and existing fire sensors will encroach into building headroom, severely affecting building aesthetics and functionality. The prior art means can not provide multidimensional, stable and real-time indoor fire scene measurement data on the premise of not affecting the normal functioning of the building. Accordingly, the prior art is still in need of improvement and development.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a three-dimensional fire scene information real-time acquisition system and method for intelligent fire protection, and aims to solve the problem that the real-time fire scene information is difficult to accurately and stably obtain in the prior art.
Therefore, the invention provides a system and a method for acquiring three-dimensional fire scene information for intelligent fire fighting, wherein a novel acquisition structure and a novel acquisition mode are adopted, so that the three-dimensional fire scene information is acquired and analyzed in real time on the premise of not affecting the aesthetic property and the space functionality of a building.
The invention provides a real-time acquisition system of three-dimensional fire scene information, which comprises:
a main body structure connectable to an upper inner wall of the space;
the trigger is connected to the main body structure to start the real-time acquisition system according to the surrounding environment condition;
a cover that is connected to the main body structure and the trigger, and that is peeled off in accordance with the triggering of the trigger, the cover being provided therein with:
a sensor string including a plurality of sensors connected in series in sequence by a flexible wire, the plurality of sensors sensing characteristic information of an ambient environment, the sensor string being in a compact state in which the flexible wire is contracted when not activated, the sensor string being in an extended state in which the flexible wire is extended when activated such that the plurality of sensors hang apart from each other by a certain distance;
and a transmission module connected to the main structure and connected to an upper end of the sensor string, thereby collecting data of the characteristic information from the sensor string and transmitting the data to a server.
In an aspect, the real-time acquisition system further comprises a power supply battery configured to power the real-time acquisition system or configured to power the real-time acquisition system upon failure of an external power source.
In one aspect, the housing is further provided with: a weight to which a lower end of the sensor string is connected.
In one aspect, the transmission module includes a communicator and a collector connected with the sensor string to collect the data of the characteristic information sensed by the sensor string and transmit the data to the communicator, the communicator being connected to the main structure and the collector to transmit the data received from the collector to the server.
In one aspect, the sensor string is positioned in the first chamber, and the transmission module is positioned in the second chamber.
In one aspect, the plurality of sensors includes a temperature sensor and a velocity sensor, and the characteristic information of the ambient environment includes a temperature and a fluid flow rate.
In one aspect, the plurality of sensors are fire resistant.
In one aspect, the transfer module stores the data from the characteristic information sensed by the sensor string.
In one aspect, the server is a remote server, and the transmitting module transmits the data to the server over a wireless network.
In one aspect, the trigger includes a probe for sensing the temperature of the ambient environment, the trigger being activated when the temperature of the ambient environment reaches a temperature trigger threshold to activate the real-time acquisition system.
In one aspect, the data acquisition frequency of the transmission module is not lower than 0.5HZ, the number of acquisition channels is not less than 16, and the data transmission rate is not lower than 2kb/s.
The invention also proposes a real-time acquisition device of three-dimensional fire scene information, comprising a plurality of real-time acquisition systems as described above, mounted on the ceiling of a building and arranged at a distance from each other.
The invention also proposes a real-time acquisition method using a real-time acquisition system as described above or a real-time acquisition device as described above, the real-time acquisition method comprising:
1) When a trigger in the real-time acquisition system senses that the ambient temperature reaches a temperature trigger threshold, a housing connected with the trigger is peeled off;
2) A plurality of sensors drop until the flexible signal line is elongated to an extended state such that the plurality of sensors hang down at a distance from each other;
3) Sensing, by the plurality of sensors, data of characteristic information at a plurality of locations of the plurality of sensors;
4) And transmitting the acquired data of the characteristic information sensed by the sensor to a server through the transmission module.
In one aspect, the characteristic information includes temperature and fluid flow rate.
In one aspect, the data acquisition frequency of the transmission module is not lower than 0.5HZ, the number of acquisition channels is not less than 16, and the data transmission rate is not lower than 2kb/s.
The fire extinguishing method based on the sound wave fire extinguishing system has the beneficial effects that: under the non-fire condition, the sensors connected in series are stored in the main body structure, the main body structure is arranged on a building ceiling, the building clearance is not occupied, and the requirements of attractiveness and space functionality are met. When a fire disaster occurs, the device can transmit real-time fire scene temperature and speed data with higher time-space resolution to the server through the communicator, higher reliability is provided, richer fire scene data can be obtained, important basic information is provided for fire evolution prediction of an intelligent fire protection system, and further basis is provided for formulating a fire protection strategy and evacuation and rescue schemes.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below by way of example only with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and that other embodiments may be obtained from these drawings without inventive faculty for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional fire scene information real-time acquisition system according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein a schematic diagram of the structure of the connection of each device in the system is schematically shown;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional fire scene information real-time acquisition system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional fire scene information real-time acquisition system according to another embodiment of the present invention;
wherein, each reference numeral in the figure mainly refers to as follows:
1-a main body structure; a 2-flip-flop; 21-manual switch; 3-an outer cover; 4-weight; 5-a sensor; 6-collector; 7-a communicator; 8, an insulating layer; 9-server.
Detailed Description
The invention relates to a three-dimensional fire scene information real-time acquisition system and method. Elements of the invention are shown in the drawings in a concise outline form, showing only those specific details that are necessary for an understanding of the embodiments of the invention, but without undue clutter of the disclosure due to excessive details that would be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art having reference to the present description.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "connected to" or "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or be indirectly on the other element. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or be indirectly connected to the other element.
Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more such feature. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more, unless explicitly defined otherwise. The meaning of "a number" is one or more than one unless specifically defined otherwise.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless explicitly stated and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "coupled" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communicated with the inside of two elements or the interaction relationship of the two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.
The invention provides a real-time acquisition system of three-dimensional fire scene information, which comprises: a main body structure connected to an upper inner wall of a space such as a building; the trigger is connected to the main body structure to start the real-time acquisition system according to the surrounding environment conditions, the trigger can automatically complete triggering, and meanwhile, in order to avoid disaster situation report missing caused by sensor failure, mechanical faults and other factors, the trigger can be started by manual operation of personnel; the cover is connected to the body structure and the trigger and is peeled off upon triggering of the trigger; the transmission module comprises a collector and a communicator, the collector is positioned in the housing and connected to the upper end of the main body structure and the sensor string, the collector is used for collecting data from the sensor, and the communicator is used for transmitting the received data to the server; the sensor string is connected to the transmission module, and comprises a plurality of sensors which are sequentially connected in series through flexible wires to sense the characteristic information of the surrounding environment, the plurality of sensors are stacked when not started, and when started, the sensors connected in a string, such as a temperature sensor and a speed sensor, hang down under the action of the gravity of a weight connected with the tail end of the sensor string, so that the plurality of sensors hang down at a certain distance from each other, and therefore the temperature and the speed information of a fire scene are measured; the outer cover can also comprise a weight connected with the lower end of the sensor string according to the requirement.
The invention also provides real-time acquisition equipment for the three-dimensional fire scene information, which comprises a plurality of real-time acquisition systems, wherein the plurality of real-time acquisition systems are arranged on the ceiling of a building at a certain distance from each other.
The invention also provides a real-time acquisition method, which comprises the steps that when a trigger senses that the ambient temperature reaches a temperature trigger threshold value, the outer cover is peeled off, a plurality of sensors hang down at a certain distance from each other under the traction of a heavy object so as to measure characteristic information of a plurality of positions, such as data of air flow speed and temperature, and the received data are transmitted to a server through a transmission module.
Example 1:
referring to fig. 1 and fig. 2, the three-dimensional fire scene information acquisition system for intelligent fire protection provided by the invention is shown. The three-dimensional fire scene information acquisition system may be a real-time acquisition system. The collecting system as shown in fig. 1 comprises a main structure 1 attached to the inner wall of a space, in particular to the upper inner wall of a space, such as a ceiling, which main structure may be made of a fire-resistant material, may have any suitable shape, such as a cylinder with a circular cross-section, a cuboid with a square cross-section, etc., and to the bottom of which a peelable cover is attached. The peelable cover may be entirely peeled off the body structure, or multiple edges of the cover may be peeled off the body structure to expose components in the cover. For example, the outer cover is connected with the main body structure through a latch structure, and after the trigger is triggered, the latch structure is opened to enable the outer cover to be peeled off; or for example, the outer cover is connected with the main body structure through an adhesive structure, and after the trigger starts, the adhesive structure of the outer cover is stressed or heated or interfered by some kind to tear or break, so that the outer cover is peeled off.
The body structure is used for attachment of other components for installation. The trigger 2 is located on the underside of the body structure for mounting to the body structure and triggering the information gathering channel and causing the cover to peel off. The trigger 2 comprises a probe for sensing the temperature of the surrounding environment. The trigger 2 may be a manual trigger including a manual line, an automatic trigger including an automatic line, or a trigger having both automatic and manual performance. The automatic circuit automatically activates the trigger after the ambient temperature exceeds the threshold, for example, by a set temperature sensor and a trigger switch coupled to the temperature sensor, which is turned on to automatically activate the trigger 2 when the temperature sensor senses that the ambient temperature exceeds the threshold. The trigger 2 may further include a manual switch 21 installed at a position where it can be touched by a person and connected to the trigger 2, and a manual line is started after the manual switch 21 is opened to perform an operation of opening the trigger. Optionally, a switch protection cover (not shown) may be provided outside the manual switch 21 to avoid the manual switch from being turned on by mistake. Triggering of the trigger 2 causes the housing 3 to fall off and simultaneously activates one or more or all of the sensor string 5, the collector 6 and the communicator 7 for transmitting data. After the trigger 2 is turned on, any one or more of the collector, the communicator and the optional sensor is/are supplied with power from an external power source through corresponding lines, or from a power supply battery. In an embodiment, optionally, any one or more of the sensor, the collector and the communicator may be activated in response to triggering of the trigger and/or powering of the external power source and the power supply battery. For example, one or more of the sensor, the collector and the communicator are activated only in response to the activation of the trigger 2, or one or more of the sensor, the collector and the communicator are activated only by the supply of an external power source or a power supply battery, or one or more of the sensor, the collector and the communicator are activated upon receiving both a signal of the activation of the trigger 2 and the supply of power from the external power source or the power supply battery. For example, the sensor may be activated in response to the activation of a trigger using self-power.
The housing 3 is connected to the main structure 1 and the trigger 2, and the housing 3 includes therein a weight 4, a sensor string 5, a collector 6, and a communicator 7 for transmitting data. Optionally, the housing may further include an insulating layer 8, where the insulating layer 8 divides the interior of the housing 3 into two parts, a first chamber outside the insulating layer 8 and within the housing 3, and a second chamber within the insulating layer 8. The insulating layer 8 is made of a material that is fire resistant and has thermal insulating properties. In addition, in a fire scene, the high-temperature flue gas accumulated in the upper layer of the indoor space has a large density difference with the air in the lower layer, and a more severe convection phenomenon is easy. Thus, weights 4 may be provided as needed, the weights 4 having a certain weight and being fire proof to ensure that the flexible material used for the tandem sensor has stability in a fire scenario, the location of the measuring point being unaffected by the fire airflow. The weight 4 and sensor string 5 are located in a first chamber and the collector 6 and communicator 7 are located and optionally sealed in a second chamber.
In addition, in the second chamber of the insulating layer, a power supply battery (not shown) is optionally provided for supplying power to the trigger 2, the manual switch 21, the collector 6 and the communicator 7. The trigger 2, manual switch 21, collector 6 and communicator 7 may be coupled to a power supply battery and an external power source, which may also be coupled to the sensor string 5 for powering the sensor string 5. Or the sensor string 5 is self-powered. The power supply battery may be a disposable battery, a disposable battery pack, a rechargeable battery or a rechargeable battery pack, or any combination thereof, and may be any suitable power supply device that is not affected by the power supply line of the building, for example, a lithium battery pack. When the power supply line of the building is normal, an alternating current or direct current power supply supplies power to the trigger 2, the manual switch 21, the collector 6 and the communicator 7 through the existing line or the newly-arranged line in the building, or can also supply power to the sensor string; when the fire is affected and the line is damaged, the lithium battery pack supplies power to the equipment. The lithium battery pack can be a rechargeable lithium battery pack, and when the real-time acquisition system is not started, the lithium battery pack is connected with a power supply of a building through a power supply line and is always in a charging state, and the power supply of the building supplies power. If the trigger 2 is triggered when the power supply line is normal, the optional sensor string 5, the collector 6 and the communicator 7 are powered on by the power supply line to collect data and transmit. In case of a fire destroying the power supply line, the optional sensor string 5, the collector 6 and the communicator 7 are powered by the power supply battery via the power supply line to be activated. In an embodiment, only the power supply battery is used to supply power to one or more or all of the sensor, the trigger 2, the manual switch 21, the collector 6 and the communicator 7 in the collection system according to the activation of the trigger, and no other power supply line is used to facilitate installation and the like.
A weight 4 falls below the sensor string for providing gravity for the sensor to fall. The weight is located within the housing and is disposed on the lower surface of the housing. Preferably, the weight can be 1.5-2kg so as to ensure that the position of each measuring point is less disturbed by the fire flow field.
The sensor string 5 may comprise a plurality of sensors connected in series by flexible wires, such as flexible signal wires, or a combination of flexible connection wires for suspending the sensors and signal wires for transmitting signals sensed by the sensors, respectively. The plurality of sensors may include temperature sensors and speed sensors for measuring the fire temperature and flow rate data, but may be other types of sensors, so that the available fire information is more abundant and reliable. The plurality of sensors may be fire resistant to ensure proper operation in a fire scenario. The sensor string 5 may be coupled with the trigger to activate in response to the triggering of the trigger. Since the plurality of sensors in the sensor string 5 are distributed at a plurality of height positions, the temperature sensors and the speed sensors may be arranged in pairs, for example, a first temperature sensor and a first speed sensor may be paired as a first group of sensors, distributed at a first height, a second temperature sensor and a second speed sensor may be paired as a second group of sensors, distributed at a second height, and so on. 3-20 sets of sensors, preferably 5-10 sets of sensors, may be provided. It is of course also possible to distribute the temperature sensors separately from the speed sensors at different heights, for example one temperature sensor followed by an array of speed sensors. So that the materials can be arranged according to the needs. The tail end of the sensor string 5 is connected with the weight 4 through a flexible wire, and the head end of the sensor string 5 is fixed on the collector 6. The sensor string 5 may also be connected to the collector 6 via a shaft, where the head end of the sensor is fixed to the shaft. Under the non-fire state, the plurality of sensors are connected into strings by using flexible wires and are contained in the outer cover, the sensors are tightly stacked in the outer cover, the flexible wires are not unfolded when the plurality of sensors are tightly stacked, and the size of the acquisition system is small, so that the attractiveness and the functionality of the building are not affected. The position information of the individual sensors when the flexible line is deployed is already stored in advance in the server. It is of course also possible to provide that the sensor string comprises additional sensors for measuring the current position of each sensor, if desired. Alternatively, the length of the flexible wire should be such as to avoid injury to persons or influencing evacuation of persons upon falling, and thus be arranged such that a headroom of 1.8m-3m, preferably 2m-2.5m, is maintained within the building.
The collector 6 is coupled to the sensor string 5 for collecting data from the sensor string 5, each sensor of the sensor string 5 being in signal communication with the collector 6. Preferably the number of channels the collector can collect signals is not less than 10, more preferably not less than 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, preferably the sampling frequency is not less than 0.3HZ, more preferably not less than 0.4HZ, 0.5HZ, 0.6HZ, 0.7HZ. The harvester may be powered by an external power source or may be powered by a power supply battery in the event of a failure of the external power source. The harvester 6 is also coupled with the trigger 2 to be activated by the trigger, or may not be connected with the trigger, but activated by the switch-on of an external power source or a power supply battery. The collector 6 transmits the data to the communicator 7. The collected information can be character data, and does not contain data such as images, videos and the like; or may also include data in the form of images, video, etc. The collector 6 may also process the collected information into character data or other suitable data, or further process the character data into data more suitable for use by the server. The collector 6 may collect only data sensed by the sensor string without processing, for example, character data sensed by the sensor at a predetermined frequency.
The communicator 7 is coupled to the harvester 6, said communicator 7 being further connected to the body structure for transmitting signals from the harvester 6 via the communicator to the server 9. The communicator 7 can directly transmit the information acquired by the acquirer to the server 9 without pre-processing. The communicator 7 may be powered by an external power source or may be powered by a power supply battery in the event of a failure of the external power source. The communicator 7 may also be coupled to the trigger 2 to be activated by the trigger, or may not be connected to the trigger but activated by the switch-on of an external power source or a power supply battery.
The server 9 is connected to the communication device 7 remotely from the collection system, for example the communication device 7 may transmit data to the server 9 via a wireless network. The server may be a cloud-located server.
The state after the operation of the three-dimensional fire scene information acquisition system for intelligent fire protection according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown in fig. 2. The acquisition system is mounted on the building ceiling by means of the main structure 1. When a fire disaster occurs, the high-temperature smoke is subjected to buoyancy and is accumulated indoors, and when the probe of the trigger 2 senses that the surrounding environment reaches a temperature triggering threshold, for example, 60-80 ℃, the trigger is automatically started, so that the outer cover 3 connected with the trigger 2 is peeled off. Or when a person in the room observes a fire, the manual switch 21 of the trigger is activated so that the cover 3 connected to the trigger 2 peels off. The sensors 5 connected in series by flexible wires hang down to preset positions under the gravity traction action of the weight 4, and the sensors 5 are arranged at certain intervals, measure information such as temperature, air flow speed and the like at a plurality of positions in a fire scene at certain frequency, and transmit and store the information in the collector 6. The reason for acquiring the air flow velocity is that a fire scene is often accompanied by a high wind speed. In addition, when the collector 6 and the communicator 7 comprise fireproof components, an insulation layer 8 can be arranged, and the collector 6 and the communicator 7 are isolated in the second cavity where other components are located by adopting the insulation layer, so that the collector 6 and the communicator 7 can still work stably when a fire disaster occurs.
After the sensor string 5 is turned on, characteristics of the current ambient environment, such as the flow rate and/or temperature of the air flow, are measured in real time. After the sensor string 5 measures in real time and stores the information to the collector 6, the communicator 7 transmits the data collected by the collector 6 to the remote server 9. In order to meet the time-space resolution of the input data required by the server 9 for predicting the fire information in real time, the acquisition frequency of the acquisition device should preferably be not lower than 0.5HZ, and the number of acquisition channels should not be less than 16. To meet the data transmission amount requirement, the data transmission rate of the communicator 7 is not lower than 2kb/s. The server 9 can invert and predict fire scenes in real time according to the fire scene multidimensional real-time data with higher time-space resolution, thereby providing basis for formulating fire strategy and evacuation and rescue schemes. Specifically, the server analyzes data sensed by the plurality of sensors according to data transmitted by the transmission module of the real-time acquisition system of three-dimensional fire scene information, and judges fire scene conditions and predicts fire development according to the positions of the plurality of sensors and the sensed data
The method for acquiring three-dimensional fire scene information for intelligent fire protection according to an embodiment of the invention is as follows. First, when a fire occurs, the high-temperature flue gas reaches a threshold value in a region near the acquisition system, so that a trigger fixed on a main structure is started, or the occurrence of the fire is observed manually, the trigger is started manually through a manual switch, and after the trigger is started, a housing connected with the trigger is peeled off, so that a sensor connected in a string hangs down under the action of gravity of a weight connected with the tail end of the sensor. The collector collects the temperature and wind speed information of the fire scene collected by the sensor and sends data to the server at fixed frequency through the communicator.
The embodiment of the invention also provides an analysis method of three-dimensional fire scene information for intelligent fire protection, which comprises the following steps: with the data acquired by the real-time acquisition system and the real-time acquisition method as described above, data sensed by the plurality of sensors, such as temperature and wind speed, are analyzed in combination with the positions of the plurality of sensors based on the data transmitted by the transmission module of the real-time acquisition system of three-dimensional fire scene information, and the fire scene situation is judged and the development of the fire is predicted based on the positions of the plurality of sensors and the sensed data. The positions of the plurality of sensors are stored in the server, that is, the positions of the plurality of sensors can be preset according to the installation positions of the plurality of sensors and the length of the flexible wire, and the positioning technology is not needed. Or multiple sensors may be implemented by other positioning techniques, such as sensing by additional position sensors.
Compared with the prior art, the three-dimensional fire scene information real-time acquisition system for intelligent fire protection provided by the embodiment of the invention is provided with the sensors 5 connected in series by adopting flexible signal wires and the housing 3 for accommodating. Under the non-fire state, the sensor group can be stacked in a smaller space and placed in the outer cover, so that the clearance occupation of the building space is smaller, and the normal running of the aesthetic property and the building function is not influenced. In the event of a fire, the trigger 2 is activated to release the cover 3 from the main structure. The sensor string 5 stretches under the traction of the weight 4, the sensors such as a temperature sensor and a speed sensor reach a designated position, the temperature and fluid speed data of multiple ignition fields are measured and collected and stored in the collector 6, and real-time fire information is further transmitted to the server 9 through the communicator 7.
Based on the above embodiment, the three-dimensional fire scene information real-time acquisition system for intelligent fire fighting provided by the invention has the following advantages:
(1) The temperature field and speed field information of the multi-dimensional indoor fire scene with higher time-space resolution ratio can be stably and real-timely obtained, basic data is provided for fire scene detection and fire development prediction, and further basic basis is provided for fire strategy and evacuation rescue.
(2) The acquired fire scene data are finally stored in a server, and the fire development process and the change rule of the temperature field speed field under the real fire condition are recorded, so that the fire scene data are important basic data for fire science research.
(3) The system has the advantages of small volume of required measuring equipment, easy installation, simple operation and low cost.
Example 2:
as shown in fig. 1 and 3, a real-time acquisition device for three-dimensional fire scene information for intelligent fire protection according to an embodiment of the present invention is further described for explanation. The real-time acquisition device for three-dimensional fire scene information for intelligent fire protection in this embodiment includes a plurality of real-time acquisition systems connected to each other by wire or wirelessly or connected to servers, and mounted on a vault of an elongated building space such as a tunnel or a building corridor, the plurality of acquisition systems being a group that works together and can communicate with each other by wire or wirelessly or not communicate with each other but all communicate with servers wirelessly. The corresponding acquisition system according to the present embodiment is similar to the acquisition system shown in fig. 1, in which case the manual switch 21 for triggering the real-time acquisition device is omitted depending on the building situation. Of course, one or more manual switches may also be provided for manual triggering. The acquisition device shown in fig. 3 comprises a main structure attached to a dome of an elongated building space such as a tunnel or building corridor, a trigger being located on the underside of the main structure for mounting to the main structure and triggering the information acquisition channel. The trigger includes a probe for sensing the ambient temperature. The trigger is an automatic trigger. The trigger can also be a trigger with double functions of automation and manpower, and the trigger is connected with a manual switch, so that the trigger can be triggered manually. The housing is connected to the body structure and the trigger, and the housing includes therein an optional weight falling under the plurality of sensors via flexible wires, a plurality of sensors connected in series, a collector connected to the sensors via, for example, flexible wires or other means, a communicator connected to the collector for transmitting data, and a server 9 receiving data transmitted from the communicator and analyzing the data. Optionally, the housing may further include a heat insulating layer therein, the heat insulating layer dividing the housing into two parts, a first chamber outside the heat insulating layer and within the housing, and a second chamber within the heat insulating layer. The weight and the sensor are located in the first chamber, and the collector and the communicator are located in the second chamber. One or more servers 9 are connected to the outside of the acquisition device, remotely to a plurality of communicators of a plurality of acquisition systems, for example the communicators may transmit data to the servers 9 via a wireless network.
When the trigger of any one of the acquisition systems in the long and narrow building space such as the tunnel or the building corridor detects that the environmental temperature exceeds the trigger threshold (for example, 60-80 ℃), a sensor string in the acquisition system to which the trigger belongs is started, so that the outer cover is stripped, the sensor string formed by a plurality of sensors hangs down, any other acquisition system or all other acquisition systems in the same group are triggered simultaneously according to the signals of the triggered acquisition systems or according to the signals transmitted by the server, and therefore fire scene information in the tunnel or the building corridor is measured at different positions and is transmitted to the server 9 through the respective collectors and the communication devices of the acquisition systems in sequence, and the server 9 inverts the fire scene of the tunnel or the building corridor.
Preferably, in order to obtain fire scene data with higher spatial resolution, the arrangement interval of the three-dimensional fire scene information real-time acquisition system is preferably smaller than the hydraulic diameter of the section of a tunnel or a building corridor.
Based on the above embodiment, besides the technical advantages in embodiment 1, the three-dimensional fire scene information real-time acquisition equipment for intelligent fire control provided by the invention also overcomes the defect that the existing similar technology can only measure the temperature distribution of long and narrow space vaults such as tunnels or building galleries, can provide more stable three-dimensional fire scene temperature field and speed field distribution information, and provides technical support for accurately and rapidly inverting and predicting long and narrow space fire scenes such as tunnels or building galleries.
The above-described embodiments are merely exemplary, and one of ordinary skill in the art may make variations thereof according to actual needs. For example, the above embodiments each include the weight 4, but the weight 4 may not be provided in accordance with practical requirements, for example, in the case where the weight of the sensor string itself is sufficient.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the invention, which is defined by the claims and is not limited by the features described in the specification or shown in the drawings. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (15)
1. A real-time acquisition system of three-dimensional fire scene information, the real-time acquisition system comprising:
a main body structure connectable to an upper inner wall of the space;
the trigger is connected to the main body structure to start the real-time acquisition system according to the surrounding environment condition;
a cover that is connected to the main body structure and the trigger, and that is peeled off in accordance with the triggering of the trigger, the cover being provided therein with:
a sensor string including a plurality of sensors connected in series in sequence through a flexible line, the plurality of sensors sensing characteristic information of an ambient environment, the sensor string being in a compact state in which the flexible line is contracted when not activated, the sensor string being in an extended state in which the flexible line is extended when activated such that the plurality of sensors hang down at a distance from each other to measure characteristic information of different vertical heights along the flexible line;
and a transmission module connected to the main structure and connected to an upper end of the sensor string, thereby collecting data of the characteristic information from the sensor string and transmitting the data to a server.
2. The real-time acquisition system according to claim 1, further comprising a power supply battery configured to power the real-time acquisition system or configured to power the real-time acquisition system in the event of a failure of an external power source.
3. The real-time acquisition system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the outer cover is also provided with: a weight to which a lower end of the sensor string is connected.
4. The real-time acquisition system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the transmission module includes a communicator and an acquisition unit, the acquisition unit being connected to the sensor string to acquire the data of the characteristic information sensed by the sensor string and transmit the data to the communicator, the communicator being connected to the main structure and the acquisition unit to transmit the data received from the acquisition unit to the server.
5. The real-time acquisition system of claim 1 or 2, further comprising an insulation layer within the housing, the insulation layer dividing the housing into a first chamber outside and within the housing and a second chamber within the insulation layer, the sensor string being located within the first chamber, the transfer module being located within the second chamber.
6. The real-time acquisition system of claim 1 or 2, wherein the plurality of sensors includes a temperature sensor and a velocity sensor, and the characteristic information of the surrounding environment includes a temperature and a fluid flow rate.
7. The real-time acquisition system of claim 1 or 2, wherein the plurality of sensors are fire-resistant.
8. The real-time acquisition system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the transmission module stores the data from the characteristic information sensed by the sensor string.
9. The real-time acquisition system of claim 1 or 2, wherein the server is a remote server, and the transmission module transmits the data to the server via a wireless network.
10. The real-time acquisition system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the trigger comprises a probe for sensing the temperature of the surrounding environment, the trigger being activated when the temperature of the surrounding environment reaches a temperature trigger threshold to activate the real-time acquisition system.
11. The real-time acquisition system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the data acquisition frequency of the transmission module is not lower than 0.5HZ, the number of acquisition channels is not less than 16, and the data transmission rate is not lower than 2kb/s.
12. A real-time acquisition device of three-dimensional fire scene information, comprising a plurality of real-time acquisition systems according to any one of claims 1-11, mounted to the ceiling of a building and arranged at a distance from each other.
13. A real-time acquisition method using the real-time acquisition system according to any one of claims 1-11 or the real-time acquisition device according to claim 12, characterized in that the real-time acquisition method comprises:
1) When a trigger in the real-time acquisition system senses that the ambient temperature reaches a temperature trigger threshold, a housing connected with the trigger is peeled off;
2) The plurality of sensors drop until the flexible wire is elongated to an extended state such that the plurality of sensors hang at a distance from each other;
3) Sensing, by the plurality of sensors, data of characteristic information at a plurality of locations of the plurality of sensors;
4) And transmitting the acquired data of the characteristic information sensed by the sensor to a server through the transmission module.
14. The real-time acquisition method of claim 13, wherein the characteristic information includes temperature and fluid flow rate.
15. The method according to claim 13, wherein the data acquisition frequency of the transmission module is not lower than 0.5HZ, the number of acquisition channels is not less than 16, and the data transmission rate is not lower than 2kb/s.
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